Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Words like 'everybody' feel plural but are grammatically singular, so they always take 'does' or 'verb+s'.
- Treat 'everybody' as a single group: use 'does', not 'do'. Example: 'Everybody does their best.'
- In questions, start with 'Does'. Example: 'Does everybody have a seat?'
- In negatives, use 'doesn't'. Example: 'Everybody doesn't need to come.'
Overview
everybody나 everyone 같은 단어를 다룰 때입니다. 한국어로 생각하면 '모두', '모든 사람'이라는 뜻이니 당연히 여러 명을 의미하고, 따라서 복수 동사를 써야 할 것만 같습니다. 하지만 영어 문법의 세계에서는 이 단어들을 철저하게 단수(singular)로 취급합니다. 그래서 Everybody do가 아니라 Everybody does가 정답이 되는 것이죠.everybody, someone, nothing 같은 단어들이 여기에 해당합니다. 이들은 구체적인 누군가를 지칭하지 않고 집단이나 대상을 뭉뚱그려 표현할 때 사용됩니다.everybody does가 맞는지, 그리고 한국인 학습자들이 특히 자주 틀리는 지점은 어디인지 심도 있게 살펴보겠습니다.everybody와 같은 부정 대명사는 '문법적 단수'로 분류됩니다. 이를 이해하기 쉽게 설명하자면, everybody를 '모든 사람들'이라고 해석하기보다 '모든 개개인의 몸(body)을 하나로 묶은 집합'이라고 생각하는 것이 좋습니다. 즉, 개별 구성원 전체를 하나의 '세트'로 보기 때문에 단수 취급을 하는 것입니다.- -body 계열:
everybody,somebody,anybody,nobody - -one 계열:
everyone,someone,anyone,no one - -thing 계열:
everything,something,anything,nothing - 기타:
each,either,neither
he, she, it과 같은 3인칭 단수 대명사처럼 행동합니다. 따라서 현재 시제에서는 동사에 -s나 -es를 붙여야 하고, be 동사는 is를, have 동사는 has를 사용해야 합니다.Everybody wants (단수 취급) |Someone is (단수 취급) |Nothing is (단수 취급) |He/She/It 규칙을 떠올려 보세요.Everybody+knows(O) /know(X)Someone+needs(O) /need(X)Everything+changes(O) /change(X)
Everyone+is(O) /are(X)Nobody+was(O) /were(X)
Each student+has(O) /have(X)Somebody+has(O) /have(X)
Does+anybody+know? (O) /Do(X)Everybody+doesn't+like... (O) /don't(X)
Everybody / Everyone | is | has | works |Somebody / Someone | is | has | works |Anybody / Anyone | is | has | works |Nobody / No one | is | has | works |Everything | is | has | works |Nothing | is | has | works |Each | is | has | works |Everybody enjoys the company dinner (회식).(모두가 회식을 즐깁니다.)Someone has left their umbrella in the cafe.(누군가 카페에 우산을 두고 갔어요.)Everything is ready for the presentation.(발표를 위한 모든 것이 준비되었습니다.)
Everybody wants to be happy.(누구나 행복해지기를 원합니다.)Everyone needs a break sometimes.(누구에게나 때로는 휴식이 필요합니다.)
Each employee has a unique login ID.(각 직원에게는 고유한 로그인 ID가 있습니다.)Does everyone understand the new policy?(모두가 새로운 정책을 이해하셨나요?)
Is anybody here?(여기 누구 없나요? - PC방이나 사무실에 들어갔을 때)Has anyone seen my Airpods?(제 에어팟 본 사람 있나요?)
Everything이나 Nothing을 사용하여 상황 전체를 묘사합니다.Nothing is impossible in this project.(이 프로젝트에서 불가능한 것은 없습니다.)Everything looks delicious on this delivery app.(이 배달 앱에 있는 건 다 맛있어 보이네요.)
are를 써야 한다는 착각- 잘못된 예:
Everybody are happy. - 옳은 예:
Everybody is happy. - 이유: 한국어로는 '모두들 행복해요'라고 복수형 조사를 붙이기도 하지만, 영어의
everybody는 '모든 사람'이라는 하나의 집합체(Set)로 보기 때문에 무조건 단수 동사is가 와야 합니다.
Do를 사용하는 실수- 잘못된 예:
Do everyone know the answer? - 옳은 예:
Does everyone know the answer? - 이유: 주어가 3인칭 단수이므로 조동사 역시
Do가 아닌Does를 써야 합니다. 카톡 단톡방에서 질문할 때 특히 많이 틀리는 부분이니 주의하세요.
Nobody 뒤에 부정어 not을 또 쓰는 경우 (이중 부정)- 잘못된 예:
Nobody doesn't like coffee. - 옳은 예:
Nobody likes coffee. - 이유:
Nobody자체에 이미 '아무도 ~않다'라는 부정의 의미가 포함되어 있습니다. 여기에doesn't를 또 쓰면 한국어의 '아무도 커피를 좋아하지 않는 것이 아니다'라는 복잡한 의미가 되거나 문법적으로 틀린 문장이 됩니다. 주어가Nobody일 때 동사는 긍정 형태(likes)를 쓰되 단수 취급한다는 점을 잊지 마세요.
Everybody가 단수니까 뒤에서 받을 때도 he나 she로 받아야 한다고 배우지만, 현대 영어에서는 성별을 특정하지 않기 위해 복수 대명사인 they를 사용하는 경우가 많습니다.Everybody has their own opinion.(O) - 현대 영어에서는 자연스러움Everybody has his or her own opinion.(O) - 문법적으로는 완벽하지만 조금 딱딱함Everybody has his own opinion.(X) - 성차별적 요소가 있을 수 있어 피함
All과 Every의 차이입니다. 둘 다 '모든'이라는 뜻을 가지고 있지만 문법적 성격은 완전히 다릅니다.Every / Everybody | All / All of the... |is, has, does) | 복수 동사 (are, have, do) |Every student is here. | All students are here. |Every는 '하나하나 빠짐없이'라는 뉘앙스가 강합니다. 그래서 뒤에 오는 명사도 단수(student)여야 하고 동사도 단수(is)입니다. 반면 All은 전체 덩어리를 보기 때문에 복수 명사(students)와 복수 동사(are)가 옵니다.Every는 대명사로 혼자 쓰일 수 없지만(Every is... (X)), Everybody는 대명사로 쓰입니다. 반면 All은 All are welcome처럼 혼자서 대명사 역할을 할 수도 있습니다.Everyone과 Everybody는 차이가 있나요?Everyone이 Everybody보다 아주 약간 더 격식 있는(formal) 느낌을 줍니다. 일상적인 대화나 카톡에서는 Everybody를, 이메일이나 보고서에서는 Everyone을 선호하는 경향이 있지만, 어느 것을 써도 문법적으로는 모두 단수 취급합니다.Each of the students일 때는 동사를 어떻게 쓰나요?of the students는 Each를 꾸며주는 말일 뿐, 진짜 주어는 Each(각각 하나)이기 때문입니다. 따라서 Each of the students has a book이 정답입니다. 한국인들이 토익이나 시험에서 가장 많이 낚이는 포인트입니다.No one은 두 단어인가요, 한 단어인가요?Everyone, Someone, Anyone은 모두 붙여 쓰지만, No one은 반드시 띄어 써야 합니다. Noone이라고 쓰지 않도록 주의하세요. 물론 의미와 문법 규칙(단수 취급)은 다른 부정 대명사들과 동일합니다.be 동사를 제외한 일반 동사의 과거형(예: worked, knew)은 주어의 수에 영향을 받지 않습니다. 하지만 be 동사의 경우 Everyone was happy처럼 was를 써야 하며, were를 쓰지 않도록 조심해야 합니다.Conjugating 'Do' with Different Subjects
| Subject Type | Subject Example | Affirmative | Negative | Question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1st Person
|
I / We
|
do
|
don't
|
Do I/we...?
|
|
2nd Person
|
You
|
do
|
don't
|
Do you...?
|
|
3rd Person Singular
|
He / She / It
|
does
|
doesn't
|
Does he/she...?
|
|
Indefinite Pronoun
|
Everybody / Everyone
|
does
|
doesn't
|
Does everybody...?
|
|
3rd Person Plural
|
They / All people
|
do
|
don't
|
Do they...?
|
Contractions with Everybody
| Full Form | Contraction | Usage Note |
|---|---|---|
|
Everybody does
|
Everybody's
|
Only used when 'does' is an auxiliary for a continuous verb (rare) or meaning 'is'. Usually not contracted for main verb 'does'.
|
|
Everybody does not
|
Everybody doesn't
|
Very common in speech and writing.
|
Meanings
The rule governing how the verb 'do' (and other verbs) must agree with indefinite pronouns like 'everybody' and 'everyone'.
Main Verb Usage
Using 'does' as the primary action verb meaning to perform or execute.
“Everybody does their chores on Saturday.”
“Does everybody do the same work?”
Auxiliary Verb (Questions)
Using 'does' to form a question about a group.
“Does everybody know the answer?”
“Does everybody want to go to the park?”
Auxiliary Verb (Negatives)
Using 'doesn't' to negate an action for a group.
“Everybody doesn't like spicy food.”
“It seems everybody doesn't do what they are told.”
Reference Table
| 대명사 | 올바른 동사 형태 (단수) | 예시 문장 | 틀린 동사 형태 (복수) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Everybody
|
is / has / wants
|
모두 가고 싶어 해요.
|
are / have / want
|
|
Everyone
|
is / has / goes
|
모두 신났어요.
|
are / have / go
|
|
Somebody
|
needs / does
|
누군가 도와야 해요.
|
need / do
|
|
Someone
|
has / is
|
누군가 내 열쇠를 가지고 있어요.
|
have / are
|
|
Anybody
|
knows / wants
|
누구 아는 사람 있어요?
|
know / want
|
|
Anyone
|
is / can
|
누구나 이걸 배울 수 있어요.
|
are / can
|
|
Nobody
|
likes / is
|
아무도 집에 없어요.
|
like / are
|
|
No one
|
sees / has
|
아무도 답을 몰라요.
|
see / have
|
격식 수준 스펙트럼
Does everyone present possess the readiness to proceed? (Starting a meeting or trip)
Does everybody have everything they need? (Starting a meeting or trip)
Everybody ready? (Starting a meeting or trip)
Everybody good? (Starting a meeting or trip)
항상 단수인 대명사들
항상 단수
- Everybody Everybody is (올바름)
- Somebody Somebody has (올바름)
- Anybody Anybody does (올바름)
- Nobody Nobody wants (올바름)
단수 주어 vs. 복수 주어
동사 확인: Do 또는 Does?
주어가 'everybody', 'someone', 'nobody' 등인가요?
대명사 그룹
항상 단수
- • Everybody
- • Someone
- • Anything
- • Nobody
항상 복수
- • They
- • We
- • Both
- • Few
수준별 예문
Everybody does the work.
Todo el mundo hace el trabajo.
Does everybody like pizza?
¿A todos les gusta la pizza?
Everybody doesn't go.
No todos van.
Everybody does their best.
Todos hacen lo mejor que pueden.
Does everybody have a pen?
¿Todos tienen un bolígrafo?
Everybody doesn't want to play.
No todos quieren jugar.
Why does everybody do that?
¿Por qué todos hacen eso?
Everybody does the same thing.
Todos hacen lo mismo.
Does everybody do their own laundry here?
¿Todos lavan su propia ropa aquí?
Everybody doesn't necessarily agree with you.
No todos están necesariamente de acuerdo contigo.
If everybody does their part, we will finish early.
Si todos hacen su parte, terminaremos temprano.
Does everybody understand the instructions?
¿Todos entienden las instrucciones?
Hardly everybody does what is expected of them.
Casi nadie hace lo que se espera de ellos.
Does everybody really think this is a good idea?
¿Realmente todos piensan que esta es una buena idea?
Everybody doesn't have the same opportunities.
No todos tienen las mismas oportunidades.
Everybody does, in fact, need to sign the form.
Todos, de hecho, necesitan firmar el formulario.
Seldom does everybody agree on such complex matters.
Rara vez todos están de acuerdo en asuntos tan complejos.
Does everybody not realize the gravity of the situation?
¿Acaso no todos se dan cuenta de la gravedad de la situación?
Everybody does their utmost to succeed, yet many fail.
Todos hacen lo máximo para tener éxito, pero muchos fracasan.
Not everybody does as they are told in this rebellious town.
No todos hacen lo que se les dice en este pueblo rebelde.
Should everybody do as the law prescribes, order is maintained.
Si todos hicieran lo que prescribe la ley, se mantendría el orden.
Does everybody, regardless of status, not deserve respect?
¿No merece respeto todo el mundo, independientemente de su estatus?
Everybody does their part, don't they?
Todos hacen su parte, ¿verdad?
It is required that everybody do their duty.
Se requiere que todos cumplan con su deber.
혼동하기 쉬운
Learners think they are interchangeable in grammar because they are interchangeable in meaning.
Both are singular, but 'each' focuses on individuals more than 'everybody'.
Using 'their' with 'everybody' makes learners think the verb should also be plural.
자주 하는 실수
Everybody do homework.
Everybody does homework.
Do everybody like it?
Does everybody like it?
Everybody don't know.
Everybody doesn't know.
Everybody are happy.
Everybody is happy.
Does everybody does it?
Does everybody do it?
Everybody do not have time.
Everybody doesn't have time.
Why do everybody cry?
Why does everybody cry?
Everybody do their best, don't he?
Everybody does their best, don't they?
If everybody do it, it's okay.
If everybody does it, it's okay.
Everybody in the office do it.
Everybody in the office does it.
Seldom everybody do that.
Seldom does everybody do that.
It is vital that everybody does it.
It is vital that everybody do it.
Everybody do as they please.
Everybody does as they please.
문장 패턴
Does everybody ___?
Everybody does ___ in my family.
Why does everybody ___ these days?
Everybody doesn't have to ___ if they don't want to.
Real World Usage
Does everybody want to grab pizza tonight?
Everybody does their best to meet the deadlines here.
Does everybody want fries with their order?
Everybody does this trend differently!
Does everybody have their boarding pass ready?
Everybody does the exercise on page 10.
'-one'과 '-body'를 떠올려 보세요
Everyone has a dream.
'All'에 속지 마세요
All of the students are here.) 'everybody'랑 헷갈리지 마세요. 'everybody'는 단수지만, 'all'은 복수예요.
All the books are new.
다음에 오는 대명사는 'They'를 사용하세요
전 세계적으로 통하는 단수 규칙
Everybody understands this rule.
Smart Tips
Pause and think of the word 'BODY'. You only have one body. One body = Singular = Does.
Always start with 'Does'. Never start with 'Do' if the next word is 'everybody'.
Don't change the verb! Keep the verb singular even if the pronoun is plural.
Use 'everyone' instead of 'everybody' for a more professional tone, but keep the 'does'.
발음
The 's' in Does
The 's' in 'does' is pronounced like a /z/ sound, not an /s/.
Linking Everybody and Does
In fast speech, the 'y' in 'everybody' and the 'd' in 'does' link smoothly.
Question Intonation
Does everybody KNOW? ↗
Rising intonation at the end of the question.
암기하기
기억법
EveryBODY is ONE body. Since a body is singular, the verb must be singular (does).
시각적 연상
Imagine a large group of people all standing inside one giant hula-hoop. They are many people, but they are inside ONE circle. One circle = Singular verb.
Rhyme
When 'everybody' is the one you see, add an 'S' to the verb, naturally!
Story
Once there was a king who addressed his entire kingdom as 'Everybody'. He treated the whole crowd as if they were just one giant person named 'Everybody'. When 'Everybody' did something, the king said, 'Everybody DOES it!'
Word Web
챌린지
Look around the room or think of your office. Write 5 questions starting with 'Does everybody...' about the people there.
문화 노트
Using 'everybody does' is a sign of basic education and literacy. Native speakers rarely miss this in formal settings.
In some Southern dialects, you might hear 'Everybody do' or 'All y'all do', but this is highly regional.
In meetings, 'Does everybody...' is the standard way to check for consensus without being too aggressive.
From Old English 'ælc' (each) + 'bodig' (body).
대화 시작하기
Does everybody in your family do the same job?
Why does everybody do so much shopping on Black Friday?
Does everybody in your country do military service?
Does everybody have the right to free healthcare?
일기 주제
자주 하는 실수
Test Yourself
Everybody ___ excited about the holiday party.
Find and fix the mistake:
Somebody have to answer the phone.
올바른 문장을 고르세요:
Score: /3
연습 문제
8 exercisesEverybody ___ a great job yesterday.
Does everybody ___ their own cooking?
Find and fix the mistake:
Everybody do not like the new teacher.
Everybody does their homework.
Which one is correct?
1. Everybody, 2. All people, 3. He
Why ___ everybody do that?
A: Does everybody have a seat? B: No, everybody ___.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
13 exercisesI'm pretty sure nobody ___ what's going on.
If anyone ___, tell them to wait for me in the lobby.
올바른 문장을 고르세요:
No one want to be the first person to leave.
Why do everybody look so serious?
Translate into English: '¿Todo el mundo tiene su pasaporte?'
이 단어들을 올바른 순서로 배열하여 문장을 만드세요:
주어와 올바른 형태를 짝지으세요:
Each of the players ___ a specific role.
어떤 문장이 올바른가요?
I think someone are knocking on the door.
이 단어들을 배열하여 질문을 만드세요:
Translate into English: 'Nadie quiere irse a casa.'
Score: /13
자주 묻는 질문 (8)
English grammar treats it as a single collective unit or 'every single person' individually. It's just a rule of the language, similar to how 'the team' is often singular.
Only in the imperative (giving a command) or the subjunctive. For example: 'Everybody do your best!' (Command). In normal statements, it's always 'does'.
No, they are identical in grammar. 'Everyone' is just slightly more common in formal writing.
This is incorrect in standard English. You should always use `everybody doesn't`.
Yes! 'Nobody', 'somebody', and 'anybody' all follow the same singular rule: `Nobody does`, `Somebody does`.
Song lyrics often use informal dialects or 'poetic license' where grammar rules are ignored for rhythm or style.
This is tricky! We say: `Everybody does their best, don't they?` We use a singular verb but a plural tag.
It is `Does everybody have`. After 'does', the main verb always stays in the base form.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Todo el mundo / Todos
Spanish has two ways to say it; English only has the singular 'everybody'.
Tout le monde
Agreement is very similar in both languages.
Alle / Jeder
German 'Alle' (plural) is the most common translation, leading to 'Everybody do' errors.
みんな (Minna)
Japanese has no subject-verb agreement at all.
الجميع (Al-jami')
Arabic agreement is more flexible than the strict English singular rule.
所有人 (Suǒyǒu rén)
No morphological markers for agreement in Chinese.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
관련 동영상
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### Overview 영어를 배우는 한국인 학습자들에게 `say`와 `tell`은 마치 '숙명적인 라이벌'과 같습니다. 우리말로는 둘 다 단...
