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B1 adjective #30 よく出る 17分で読める

approved

上位30

練習する例文メモとヒント approved 30秒で

解説 approved in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'approved' is a bit advanced, but you can understand it as a very official way to say 'yes' or 'okay.' Imagine a teacher looking at your homework and saying it is good. In a more formal way, we say the teacher 'approved' the work. It means someone in charge says 'this is fine.' You might see it on a website when you sign up for something and it says 'Your account is approved.' This means you can now use the website. It is like a green light in a traffic signal. When something is approved, you can go forward. You don't need to worry about the complex rules yet; just think of it as a formal 'yes' from a boss, a teacher, or a parent. For example, 'My dad approved my new shoes' means he said I could buy them. It is a useful word for when you want to sound a little more serious than just saying 'okay.'

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For A2 learners, 'approved' is an important word for daily life and basic work situations. It is an adjective that describes something that has been accepted by an authority. You will often hear it in the passive voice: 'The plan was approved.' This means someone with power looked at the plan and said it was okay to start. You might see it in shops or on products, like 'USDA Approved' on food, which means the government says the food is safe. It is different from 'good' because 'approved' means it follows certain rules. If you are at work, your boss might need to give you an 'approved' list of tasks. This means you should only do those tasks. You can also use it for permission: 'I am approved to take a holiday.' This means your company said yes to your vacation. Remember, 'approved' usually comes after a process of checking.

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At the B1 level, you should understand 'approved' as a formal status that results from a review process. It is a key word in professional and official contexts. When a project is 'approved,' it means it has met the necessary criteria and has the authorization to proceed. You will encounter this word frequently in banking (approved loans), government (approved laws), and workplace procedures (approved expenses). It is important to distinguish 'approved' from 'approving.' 'Approved' is the status of the object (the approved plan), while 'approving' describes a person's supportive attitude (an approving smile). You should also start using collocations like 'officially approved,' 'pre-approved,' and 'approved by.' For example, 'The budget was officially approved by the board.' This level of usage shows you understand the bureaucratic and regulatory nature of the word. It implies that there are standards and that those standards have been successfully met.

At the B2 level, you can use 'approved' with more nuance and in more complex sentence structures. You understand that 'approved' often implies a hierarchy and a set of standards. You can use it to describe not just permission, but also legitimacy and safety. For instance, 'approved methods' in science are those that the community accepts as valid. You should be comfortable using it in compound adjectives like 'FDA-approved' or 'government-approved.' You also recognize the social implications: something that is 'socially approved' is considered acceptable behavior within a culture. You can contrast 'approved' with synonyms like 'authorized' (which emphasizes power) or 'certified' (which emphasizes a document). At this level, you should be able to discuss the process of approval: 'The proposal underwent a rigorous review before being approved.' You understand that 'approved' is a state that can be revoked if standards are no longer met.

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For C1 learners, 'approved' is a tool for precise communication in professional, academic, and legal contexts. You understand the subtle differences between 'approved,' 'sanctioned,' 'ratified,' and 'endorsed.' You can use 'approved' to discuss institutional legitimacy and the exercise of authority. For example, in a legal context, an 'approved judgment' is one that has been finalized and cleared for publication. You are aware of the passive nature of the word and can use it to shift focus away from the individual and toward the process: 'The measures were approved following extensive consultation.' You also understand the metaphorical uses of the word, such as 'the approved version of history,' which implies a narrative that has been sanctioned by those in power, possibly at the expense of the truth. Your usage should reflect an understanding of the word's role in maintaining order and standards within complex systems.

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At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of 'approved' and its various connotations. You can use it to analyze power dynamics and the social construction of legitimacy. You might use it in a critique of bureaucracy, discussing how 'approved' statuses can sometimes act as barriers to innovation. You understand the word's role in international relations, such as 'approved' diplomatic protocols. You can use the word with irony or precision in high-level academic writing, perhaps discussing 'approved' aesthetic standards in 18th-century art. You are also sensitive to the word's absence—knowing when *not* to use it to avoid sounding overly clinical or bureaucratic. You can navigate the complex relationship between 'approved' (procedural acceptance) and 'valid' (logical or factual truth). Your use of the word is seamless, whether you are writing a legal brief, a technical report, or a philosophical essay.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

approved 30秒で

Approved is an adjective meaning officially accepted, authorized, or judged as meeting a required standard by an authority figure or organization.
It is commonly used in professional, financial, and regulatory contexts to signal that a process of review has been successfully completed.
Grammatically, it often follows linking verbs like 'is' or 'was' and frequently appears before nouns to classify them as authorized.
The word carries a sense of legitimacy and safety, distinguishing the 'approved' item from those that are unverified or unauthorized.

The word approved functions primarily as an adjective that signifies a state of formal acceptance or official validation. When something is described as approved, it has passed through a specific filter of scrutiny, evaluation, or judgment and has emerged with a 'green light.' This term is deeply embedded in institutional, professional, and regulatory frameworks where standards must be met before action can be taken. It is not merely a synonym for 'liked' or 'popular'; rather, it carries the weight of authority. For instance, an approved medication has undergone rigorous clinical trials and received the blessing of a health authority like the FDA. An approved building plan has been checked against safety codes by a municipal engineer. The essence of the word lies in the transition from a state of uncertainty or 'pending' status to a state of legitimacy and permission.

Institutional Context: In corporate environments, 'approved' is the final stage of a workflow. It means the budget is set, the project is live, or the expense report is processed. Without this status, operations often remain frozen.

Beyond the professional sphere, 'approved' is used in social and educational contexts to denote behavior or materials that meet a certain standard of appropriateness. An 'approved list of books' for a school curriculum implies that educators have vetted the content for age-appropriateness and educational value. In social dynamics, one might seek an 'approved' way of behaving in a formal setting, though this usage is slightly more metaphorical, suggesting adherence to established norms or etiquette. The word often implies a hierarchy: there is an 'approver' (the authority) and an 'applicant' (the person or thing seeking status). This power dynamic is central to the word's meaning.

The board of directors reviewed the proposal for three hours before finally declaring it approved for the next fiscal year.

Linguistically, 'approved' is the past participle of the verb 'approve,' but in its adjectival form, it describes the resulting state. It is frequently paired with nouns like 'vendor,' 'method,' 'budget,' or 'site.' When you see a sign that says 'Approved Parking Only,' it indicates a legal restriction backed by local ordinances. The word provides a sense of security and reliability; if a product is 'clinically approved,' the consumer feels a higher degree of trust. However, it is important to distinguish between 'approved' (the status) and 'approving' (the attitude). An 'approving smile' shows someone likes what you are doing, whereas an 'approved smile' would weirdly suggest your facial expression met a regulatory standard.

Technical Specification: In engineering and manufacturing, 'approved' parts are those that meet ISO or other international quality benchmarks, ensuring safety and interoperability.

Only approved personnel are allowed to enter the high-security laboratory area.

In the digital age, 'approved' has taken on new life in the context of social media and online platforms. A 'verified' or 'approved' account often carries a blue checkmark, signaling to the public that the platform has confirmed the identity of the user. Similarly, 'approved comments' on a moderated blog are those that have passed a filter for spam or toxicity. This modern usage reinforces the word's core meaning: a transition from the unknown or unverified to the accepted and recognized. Whether it is a mortgage application, a software update, or a diplomatic treaty, the status of being 'approved' is the ultimate goal of many procedural efforts.

The bank sent an automated notification stating that my loan was approved within minutes of the application.

Social Norms: While less common, 'approved' can describe behaviors that are socially sanctioned. For example, 'approved' mourning periods in certain cultures dictate how long one should wear black.

The use of approved sources is mandatory for all academic research papers in this department.

The government released an approved list of travel destinations for the upcoming holiday season.

Ultimately, 'approved' is a word of closure. It marks the end of a period of waiting or testing. It provides the legal or social 'clearance' needed to move forward. In a world of rules and regulations, being 'approved' is the currency of progress.

Using the word approved correctly requires an understanding of its role as an adjective that often follows a linking verb or precedes a noun. It is most frequently used in a passive sense, even when functioning as a pure adjective. For example, in the sentence 'The plan is approved,' the word describes the current state of the plan. When used before a noun, such as 'an approved vendor,' it acts as a classifier, distinguishing that specific vendor from others who have not been vetted. The syntax usually involves an authority figure or an implied process that has granted the status. You will often see it followed by the preposition 'by' to indicate the source of approval, or 'for' to indicate the purpose.

Attributive Usage: This occurs when 'approved' comes directly before the noun. Example: 'Please use only approved cleaning supplies.' Here, it limits the scope of 'cleaning supplies' to a specific, safe subset.

One common grammatical structure is the 'Subject + Linking Verb + Approved' pattern. This is common in status updates. 'Your application is approved.' In this case, 'approved' functions as a subject complement. It is also possible to use it in more complex phrases like 'pre-approved,' which suggests that the initial stages of verification have already been completed, often seen in credit card offers or mortgage letters. When using 'approved' in writing, ensure that the context makes it clear what standards were used. Saying 'This is an approved method' is vague unless the reader knows who did the approving—was it the scientific community, the company management, or a local club?

The approved budget for the renovation project was significantly lower than the initial estimate.

In formal writing, 'approved' often appears in the passive voice: 'The motion was approved by a majority vote.' While 'approved' here is technically a past participle in a passive construction, it functions identically to an adjective describing the motion's new status. In contrast, in informal settings, you might hear someone say, 'That’s approved!' as a way of giving permission or showing agreement, though this is less common than 'That’s cool' or 'I agree.' It is also worth noting that 'approved' can be modified by adverbs to show the degree or nature of the approval, such as 'officially approved,' 'unanimously approved,' or 'provisionally approved.'

Prepositional Patterns: Common patterns include: Approved BY (authority), Approved FOR (purpose), and Approved AS (category). Example: 'He was approved as a candidate for the role.'

After a thorough inspection, the building was finally approved for occupancy by the fire marshal.

In academic and technical writing, precision is key. Instead of just saying 'approved,' writers often specify the type of approval. 'The FDA-approved drug' or 'The IEEE-approved standard' provides much more information than the word 'approved' alone. This compound-adjective structure (Noun-Approved) is a very efficient way to convey both the status and the authority in a single phrase. When you are describing a process, you might use 'approved' to describe the final state: 'Once the document is in its approved form, it can be distributed to the staff.'

The committee only considers approved applications that were submitted before the deadline.

Negative Constructions: To express the opposite, we use 'unapproved' or 'disapproved.' 'The use of unapproved software is strictly prohibited on company laptops.'

Is this an approved use of the emergency funds, or do we need further authorization?

The manager gave an approved list of vendors to the procurement team to ensure quality control.

In summary, 'approved' is a versatile adjective that functions as a gatekeeper in a sentence. It tells the reader that a certain threshold has been crossed and that the subject now possesses a specific, authorized status. Whether it's a simple 'Yes' from a boss or a complex certification from a global body, 'approved' is the word that signals the transition from idea to action.

The word approved is ubiquitous in environments where bureaucracy, safety, and official standards are paramount. One of the most common places you will encounter it is in the world of finance and banking. When you apply for a credit card, a mortgage, or a personal loan, the moment of truth arrives when you receive a notification saying your application is 'approved.' In this context, it is a word of great relief and financial opportunity. You might also see 'pre-approved' offers in your mailbox, which are marketing tools based on a preliminary check of your credit score. These financial 'approvals' are the engines that drive consumer spending and home ownership.

Corporate & Workplace: In the office, 'approved' is the lifeblood of project management. 'Is the budget approved?' 'Did you get an approved copy of the contract?' It signifies that the hierarchy has reviewed and sanctioned a course of action.

Another major domain for this word is the healthcare and pharmaceutical industry. Before a new drug can be sold to the public, it must become an 'approved' medication. In the United States, this means it has passed the FDA's rigorous testing. Similarly, medical procedures or insurance claims are often 'approved' or 'denied.' Patients frequently wait for 'prior approval' from their insurance companies before undergoing surgery. In these scenarios, the word 'approved' is directly linked to physical health and the financial ability to pay for care. It carries a sense of safety—if a doctor uses an 'approved' method, it is generally considered standard practice.

The pharmacy cannot dispense the medication until it has been approved by your insurance provider.

In the digital world, 'approved' is a key term in software development and content moderation. App stores like Apple's App Store or Google Play have an 'approved' list of apps that have passed security and quality checks. Developers wait anxiously for their apps to be 'approved' so they can go live. On social media platforms, 'approved followers' are those who have been granted permission to view a private account. This usage highlights the word's role in privacy and security. Furthermore, in the realm of online comments, 'approved' status means your post has been vetted by a moderator and is now visible to the public.

Government & Law: Laws, regulations, and zoning permits are all 'approved.' When a city council approves a new park, it moves from a plan to a physical reality.

The new environmental regulations were approved despite significant opposition from industrial lobbyists.

You will also hear 'approved' in educational settings. Students might need an 'approved' topic for their thesis or an 'approved' calculator for a standardized test. In these cases, the word ensures fairness and academic integrity. By limiting students to 'approved' materials, the institution maintains a level playing field. Even in daily life, you might see 'Approved' stamps on documents, packages, or meat in a grocery store (e.g., 'USDA Approved'). These stamps are visual shorthand for quality and safety, telling the consumer that the product has met government standards.

Please ensure that you are using an approved format for your final bibliography.

Aviation & Safety: In aviation, 'approved' equipment is a matter of life and death. Every part of an airplane must be an 'approved' part, manufactured to exact specifications.

The pilot checked the approved flight path one last time before takeoff.

Only approved safety helmets are permitted on the construction site.

Whether you are listening to a corporate presentation, reading a government website, or checking your bank account, 'approved' is a word that signals a green light. It is the verbal equivalent of a stamp of legitimacy, providing the necessary authorization for life's many processes to proceed.

While approved seems like a straightforward word, learners often make several nuanced mistakes when using it. The most frequent error is confusing 'approved' with 'approving.' As mentioned earlier, 'approved' is the status of the thing being judged, while 'approving' describes the person doing the judging or their attitude. For example, saying 'I am approved of your choice' is grammatically incorrect if you mean you like the choice. You should say, 'I approve of your choice' (verb) or 'I gave an approving nod' (adjective). If you say 'I am approved,' it means someone else has officially accepted *you* for something, like a job or a loan.

Preposition Confusion: Learners often use 'approved with' instead of 'approved by.' While a plan can be 'approved with conditions,' the authority that grants the status is always 'approved by.' Example: 'The project was approved by the manager,' not 'with the manager.'

Another common mistake is using 'approved' when 'acceptable' or 'good' would be more appropriate. 'Approved' implies a formal process. If you say, 'This pizza is approved,' it sounds like a government agency has inspected the pizza and found it meets legal standards. If you just mean the pizza is good, use 'great' or 'delicious.' Using 'approved' in casual contexts can sound overly formal or even robotic unless you are using it ironically or as part of a specific 'internal' joke among friends. Precision in context is vital; 'approved' should be reserved for situations involving rules, standards, or authority.

Incorrect: I am approved with this plan.
Correct: I approve of this plan.

There is also a tendency to confuse 'approved' with 'proven.' A method might be 'approved' by a committee, but that doesn't mean it has been 'proven' to work in every situation. 'Approved' refers to permission and status; 'proven' refers to evidence and results. In scientific and technical writing, confusing these two can lead to significant misunderstandings. For instance, an 'approved' experimental drug is one that is allowed to be tested, whereas a 'proven' drug is one that has already shown results. Always ask yourself: am I talking about permission (approved) or evidence (proven)?

Word Order Errors: Sometimes learners place 'approved' after the noun in a way that sounds unnatural. While 'The budget approved' can be a shortened headline, in a sentence, it should be 'The approved budget' or 'The budget was approved.'

Incorrect: We need to find an approving vendor.
Correct: We need to find an approved vendor.

Finally, watch out for the double passive. 'The plan was being approved' is grammatically possible but often clunky. Usually, 'The plan was approved' or 'The plan is being reviewed' is clearer. Additionally, ensure you don't use 'approved' when you mean 'agreed.' You 'agree with' a person, but a proposal is 'approved by' a person. You wouldn't say 'The proposal was agreed by the boss' in standard American English; you would say 'The proposal was approved by the boss' or 'The boss agreed to the proposal.'

Incorrect: My father approved me to go to the party.
Correct: My father gave me permission to go or My father approved of me going.

Overuse in Personal Life: Avoid saying 'I approved your new haircut.' It sounds like you are your friend's boss. Instead, say 'I love your new haircut' or 'Your haircut is great!'

The approved list of ingredients must be followed strictly to avoid allergic reactions.

Once the approved changes were implemented, the software's performance improved by 20%.

By avoiding these common pitfalls—confusing 'approved' with 'approving,' using the wrong prepositions, or applying the word to overly casual situations—you will use 'approved' with the professional precision it demands.

While approved is a powerful and versatile word, English offers several synonyms that carry slightly different shades of meaning. Choosing the right one can make your writing more precise and professional. The most common alternative is authorized. While 'approved' means something is accepted, 'authorized' specifically implies that someone has been given the legal power or right to do something. For example, an 'authorized dealer' has a legal contract to sell a product, whereas an 'approved dealer' might just be one that a company recommends. Another close relative is sanctioned, which often appears in official or governmental contexts, sometimes carrying a more serious or formal tone.

Approved vs. Authorized: 'Approved' focuses on the evaluation (it passed the test). 'Authorized' focuses on the power (they have the right). You are 'approved' for a loan, but 'authorized' to sign the check.

In technical and scientific fields, validated or certified are often preferred. 'Validated' suggests that something has been proven to be accurate or effective through data or testing. 'Certified' means that an official document has been issued to prove that certain standards have been met. For instance, a 'certified organic' product has a specific legal meaning that 'approved organic' might lack. In more creative or social contexts, you might use endorsed. When a celebrity 'endorses' a product, they are giving it their public support, which is a form of social approval but lacks the regulatory weight of being 'approved' by a government agency.

The sanctioned protest took place in the city square under heavy police supervision.

If you want to describe something that is generally accepted by society without a formal process, you might use accepted or recognized. 'It is a recognized fact' sounds more natural than 'It is an approved fact.' Similarly, vetted is a great word for describing people or information that has been carefully checked. A 'vetted candidate' has had their background thoroughly investigated. While 'approved' is the result, 'vetted' describes the process of checking. In business, you might also hear cleared, especially in the context of security or finances: 'He was cleared for top-secret access.'

Approved vs. Validated: 'Approved' is often a subjective or procedural 'yes.' 'Validated' is an objective, data-driven 'yes.' A theory is validated by experiments; a budget is approved by a boss.

The certified public accountant reviewed the company's financial statements for accuracy.

On the negative side, instead of 'not approved,' you can use unauthorized, forbidden, or prohibited. 'Unauthorized access' is much more common in security contexts than 'unapproved access.' 'Prohibited' is used for things that are legally banned, like 'prohibited substances.' Choosing the right synonym depends entirely on the level of formality and the specific 'gatekeeper' involved in the situation. By expanding your vocabulary beyond 'approved,' you can convey the exact nature of the permission or acceptance you are describing.

The vetted information was finally released to the press after days of internal deliberation.

Approved vs. Endorsed: 'Approved' is a requirement; 'Endorsed' is a recommendation. A car must be 'approved' for safety, but it is 'endorsed' by a famous racing driver.

The authorized personnel were the only ones with the key to the server room.

The accepted norm in this office is to arrive five minutes before the meeting starts.

In conclusion, while 'approved' is your 'go-to' word for official acceptance, don't be afraid to use 'authorized' for power, 'certified' for standards, or 'vetted' for checked information. Each word adds a specific layer of meaning that 'approved' alone might miss.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

In the Middle Ages, 'approving' something often meant literally testing it to see if it was strong or good. It was closely related to the word 'prove'. Over time, the meaning shifted from the act of testing to the result of the test—the official acceptance.

発音ガイド

UK /əˈpruːvd/

US /əˈpruːvd/

The primary stress is on the second syllable: ap-PROVED.

韻が合う語

moved grooved proved disproved removed behooved unproved improved

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the 'a' as a strong /eɪ/ sound like 'A-proved'. It should be a weak /ə/.
Failing to voice the final 'd', making it sound like 'approvet'.
Putting the stress on the first syllable: AP-proved.
Shortening the 'oo' sound too much.
Confusing the pronunciation with 'improved'.

難易度

読解 3/5

Common in news and formal documents, but easy to recognize.

ライティング 4/5

Requires knowledge of passive voice and correct prepositions.

スピーキング 3/5

Very useful in professional settings; pronunciation is straightforward.

リスニング 2/5

Clear pronunciation and distinct context make it easy to hear.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

accept yes plan boss rule

次に学ぶ

authorize validate sanction ratify vet

上級

legitimacy bureaucracy compliance protocol mandate

知っておくべき文法

Passive Voice with Past Participles

The plan was approved (by the committee).

Attributive Adjectives

He used an approved tool.

Prepositional Phrases after Adjectives

The drug is approved for pediatric use.

Linking Verbs and Subject Complements

The status remains approved.

Compound Adjectives with Hyphens

This is a government-approved site.

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レベル別の例文

The teacher approved my drawing.

Le professeur a approuvé mon dessin.

Subject + Verb + Object. Simple past tense.

My mom approved the party.

Ma mère a approuvé la fête.

Simple sentence structure.

Is my account approved?

Mon compte est-il approuvé ?

Question form with 'to be' + adjective.

He gave an approved nod.

Il a fait un signe de tête approbateur.

Using 'approved' as an adjective before a noun.

The game is approved for kids.

Le jeu est approuvé pour les enfants.

Adjective + preposition 'for'.

I need an approved pen.

J'ai besoin d'un stylo approuvé.

Attributive adjective.

The boss approved the plan.

Le patron a approuvé le plan.

Verb usage in past tense.

It is an approved food.

C'est un aliment approuvé.

Simple adjective usage.

The manager approved my holiday request.

Le manager a approuvé ma demande de congés.

Focus on workplace context.

Use only approved cleaning products.

Utilisez uniquement des produits de nettoyage approuvés.

Imperative sentence with an adjective.

Your loan was approved yesterday.

Votre prêt a été approuvé hier.

Passive voice: was + approved.

Is this an approved parking spot?

Est-ce une place de parking autorisée ?

Interrogative with adjective.

The school has an approved list of books.

L'école a une liste de livres approuvée.

Noun phrase: approved list of books.

She felt happy when her idea was approved.

Elle était heureuse quand son idée a été approuvée.

Complex sentence with a subordinate clause.

Only approved people can enter.

Seules les personnes autorisées peuvent entrer.

Adjective modifying the subject.

The doctor used an approved method.

Le médecin a utilisé une méthode approuvée.

Focus on medical context.

The new budget was finally approved by the board.

Le nouveau budget a finalement été approuvé par le conseil d'administration.

Passive voice with 'by' to show authority.

Please submit your proposal for approved funding.

Veuillez soumettre votre proposition pour un financement approuvé.

Adjective modifying 'funding'.

He is an approved vendor for the government.

Il est un fournisseur agréé pour le gouvernement.

Professional context.

The drug is approved for use in Europe.

Le médicament est approuvé pour une utilisation en Europe.

Adjective + prepositional phrase 'for use in'.

We only use approved sources for our research.

Nous n'utilisons que des sources approuvées pour nos recherches.

Focus on academic standards.

The building was approved after the safety inspection.

Le bâtiment a été approuvé après l'inspection de sécurité.

Passive voice with a temporal prepositional phrase.

You need an approved signature on this document.

Vous avez besoin d'une signature autorisée sur ce document.

Adjective modifying 'signature'.

The changes were approved without any objections.

Les changements ont été approuvés sans aucune objection.

Passive voice with 'without' phrase.

The committee approved the motion by a narrow margin.

Le comité a approuvé la motion à une faible majorité.

Verb usage with an adverbial phrase of manner.

The FDA-approved treatment has shown great promise.

Le traitement approuvé par la FDA a montré de grandes promesses.

Compound adjective: Noun-Approved.

She was pre-approved for a mortgage of $300,000.

Elle a été pré-approuvée pour une hypothèque de 300 000 $.

Prefix 'pre-' added to the adjective.

The site is an approved location for the new stadium.

Le site est un emplacement approuvé pour le nouveau stade.

Attributive adjective in a complex noun phrase.

Is there an approved procedure for handling toxic waste?

Existe-t-il une procédure approuvée pour la manipulation des déchets toxiques ?

Interrogative with 'there is/are'.

The council approved the zoning changes for the downtown area.

Le conseil a approuvé les changements de zonage pour le centre-ville.

Specific administrative vocabulary.

The film was approved for general exhibition by the censors.

Le film a été approuvé pour une exploitation générale par la censure.

Passive voice with multiple prepositional phrases.

He followed the approved curriculum to the letter.

Il a suivi le programme approuvé à la lettre.

Idiomatic expression 'to the letter' used with the adjective.

The treaty was approved by the legislative body after months of debate.

Le traité a été approuvé par le corps législatif après des mois de débat.

High-level political context.

The use of approved terminology is essential in legal drafting.

L'utilisation d'une terminologie approuvée est essentielle dans la rédaction juridique.

Focus on professional precision.

The project was approved provisionally, pending further environmental impact studies.

Le projet a été approuvé provisoirement, en attendant d'autres études d'impact environnemental.

Use of the adverb 'provisionally' to modify the adjective/verb.

The approved version of the minutes will be circulated tomorrow.

La version approuvée du procès-verbal sera distribuée demain.

Administrative precision.

The candidate was approved for the position based on her stellar track record.

La candidate a été retenue pour le poste en raison de ses excellents antécédents.

Passive voice with a reason clause.

The bank only accepts documents in the approved digital format.

La banque n'accepte que les documents au format numérique approuvé.

Technical restriction context.

The merger was approved despite concerns about market monopoly.

La fusion a été approuvée malgré les inquiétudes concernant le monopole du marché.

Concessive clause using 'despite'.

The approved standards for emissions have become increasingly stringent.

Les normes approuvées pour les émissions sont devenues de plus en plus strictes.

Subject is a complex noun phrase.

The philosophical implications of an approved morality are vast and complex.

Les implications philosophiques d'une moralité approuvée sont vastes et complexes.

Abstract usage of 'approved'.

The board approved the restructuring plan with a unanimous vote of confidence.

Le conseil a approuvé le plan de restructuration par un vote de confiance unanime.

High-level corporate vocabulary.

The approved narrative of the event differs significantly from eyewitness accounts.

Le récit officiel de l'événement diffère considérablement des témoignages oculaires.

Using 'approved' to imply a sanctioned or 'official' story.

The software update was approved only after exhaustive beta testing.

La mise à jour du logiciel n'a été approuvée qu'après des tests bêta exhaustifs.

Focus on technical rigor.

The approved list of delegates was kept confidential until the last moment.

La liste approuvée des délégués a été tenue secrète jusqu'au dernier moment.

Passive voice with an adverbial phrase of time.

The government approved the intervention as a matter of national security.

Le gouvernement a approuvé l'intervention pour des raisons de sécurité nationale.

Political justification context.

The approved methods of data collection were scrutinized by the ethics committee.

Les méthodes approuvées de collecte de données ont été examinées par le comité d'éthique.

Academic and ethical context.

The proposal was approved in principle, though the details remained contentious.

La proposition a été approuvée sur le principe, bien que les détails soient restés litigieux.

Idiomatic phrase 'in principle' used with 'approved'.

よく使う組み合わせ

officially approved

approved vendor

approved budget

approved method

approved list

pre-approved credit

unanimously approved

approved drug

approved plan

approved site

よく使うフレーズ

approved by

— Indicates the authority that gave the permission. It is the most common way to show who is in charge.

The expense report was approved by the finance department.

approved for

— Indicates the purpose for which something is allowed. It specifies the scope of the permission.

This helmet is approved for use in professional racing.

get approved

— The process of receiving official acceptance. It is often used in a passive or semi-passive sense.

I hope I can get approved for a mortgage before the house is sold.

approved as

— Indicates the category or role that has been accepted. It defines the status granted.

He was approved as a member of the elite research team.

awaiting approved status

— Waiting for the final 'yes' from an authority. It describes a state of limbo.

The new software is currently awaiting approved status from the security team.

approved with conditions

— Accepted, but only if certain changes are made. It is a partial or conditional 'yes'.

The building permit was approved with conditions regarding the drainage system.

provisionally approved

— Accepted for now, but may change later. It is a temporary form of approval.

The candidate was provisionally approved pending a background check.

not yet approved

— Still under review. It indicates that the process is not finished.

The new policy is not yet approved by the board of directors.

approved version

— The final, official copy of a document. It distinguishes the final draft from earlier ones.

Please make sure you are reading the approved version of the contract.

approved sources

— Information or materials that are trusted and allowed. It is common in academic and intelligence contexts.

Students must cite only approved sources in their final essays.

よく混同される語

approved vs approving

Approving is an attitude (an approving smile). Approved is a status (an approved plan).

approved vs proven

Proven means something is shown to be true by evidence. Approved means it is allowed by an authority.

approved vs improved

Improved means something has become better. Approved means it has been accepted.

慣用句と表現

"seal of approval"

— A formal or informal sign that something is accepted or liked. It comes from the idea of a physical wax seal.

The new design got the CEO's seal of approval.

informal/business

"rubber stamp"

— To approve something automatically without really checking it. It implies the approval is meaningless.

The committee just rubber-stamped the chairman's decision.

critical/political

"give the green light"

— To give permission for something to start. It is a very common idiomatic alternative to 'approve'.

The boss finally gave the green light to the new project.

informal/business

"pass with flying colors"

— To be approved or to succeed with a very high score or great success. It implies excellence.

The new safety system passed the inspection with flying colors.

informal

"nod through"

— To approve something quickly and without much discussion. Similar to rubber-stamping but less negative.

The minor changes were nodded through by the council.

formal/British

"give the thumbs up"

— To show that you approve of something. It is a visual and informal way of saying 'approved'.

My parents gave the thumbs up to my choice of university.

informal

"on the approved list"

— To be part of a select group that is allowed or accepted. It implies exclusivity.

He's finally on the approved list for the private club.

neutral

"meet the mark"

— To reach the required standard for approval. It focuses on the quality of the thing being judged.

The first draft didn't quite meet the mark for the approved version.

neutral

"clear the hurdle"

— To pass a difficult part of the approval process. It treats approval like an obstacle race.

We've cleared the final hurdle and the project is now approved.

informal/business

"get the go-ahead"

— To receive the final permission to proceed. Very similar to 'give the green light'.

We're just waiting to get the go-ahead from the head office.

informal/business

間違えやすい

approved vs authorized

Both mean permission is given.

Authorized emphasizes the legal power given to a person. Approved emphasizes that a thing has met a standard.

He is authorized to sign the approved contract.

approved vs certified

Both imply a standard has been met.

Certified usually involves a formal certificate or document. Approved is more general.

The certified mechanic used approved parts.

approved vs validated

Both mean something is 'okay'.

Validated is used for data or logic (proving it's correct). Approved is used for permission (saying it's allowed).

The data was validated before the report was approved.

approved vs sanctioned

Both mean official permission.

Sanctioned is often used for high-level government or sporting events. It can also mean 'punished' in some contexts, which is confusing!

The sanctioned race followed all approved safety rules.

approved vs vetted

Both involve checking something.

Vetted is the process of checking. Approved is the final result of that check.

After being vetted, the candidate was approved for the role.

文型パターン

The [Noun] is approved.

The plan is approved.

I have an approved [Noun].

I have an approved list.

The [Noun] was approved by [Authority].

The budget was approved by the board.

It is an approved [Noun] for [Purpose].

It is an approved helmet for racing.

The [Noun] was approved provisionally, pending [Condition].

The project was approved provisionally, pending a review.

The approved [Noun] of [Abstract Concept] is [Adjective].

The approved narrative of history is often biased.

Is [Noun] approved yet?

Is the loan approved yet?

We only use [Noun]-approved [Noun].

We only use FDA-approved drugs.

語族

名詞

approval

approver

disapproval

動詞

approve

disapprove

re-approve

形容詞

approved

approving

disapproving

unapproved

使い方

frequency

Very common in business, law, and news.

よくある間違い

I am approved of your idea. → I approve of your idea.
You are using the adjective/passive form when you need the active verb 'approve'.
The plan was approved with the manager. → The plan was approved by the manager.
Use 'by' to indicate the person or authority granting the approval.
He gave me an approved smile. → He gave me an approving smile.
'Approved' means the smile met a standard. 'Approving' means the person is showing they like something.
The drug is proven by the FDA. → The drug is approved by the FDA.
The FDA 'approves' (gives permission); they don't 'prove' (demonstrate truth), though they review proof.
Is this the approve version? → Is this the approved version?
You must use the adjective form (past participle) to modify the noun.

ヒント

Watch the Prepositions

Remember: Approved BY (the boss), Approved FOR (the project), Approved AS (a member).

Use Synonyms for Variety

If you use 'approved' too much, try 'authorized,' 'sanctioned,' or 'validated' depending on the context.

Status Updates

In emails, 'Approved' is a powerful one-word subject line that everyone loves to see.

Voiced Endings

Make sure the 'v' and 'd' are voiced. It shouldn't sound like 'ap-pruft'.

Check the Authority

Something is only 'approved' if the person saying so has the power to do it.

Attributive vs Predicative

'The approved plan' (attributive) is more concise than 'The plan that was approved' (predicative).

Verification

Think of the blue checkmark as the 'approved' symbol of the internet.

Look for Labels

When buying electronics, always look for 'approved' safety marks like CE or UL.

Word Family

Learn 'approval' (noun) and 'approve' (verb) at the same time to build your vocabulary faster.

Approved vs. Liked

Remember that you can approve of something (officially) without actually liking it personally.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of the 'App' in 'Approved'. An 'App' needs to be 'Approved' by the store before you can download it. If it's approved, it's good to go!

視覚的連想

Imagine a giant green rubber stamp coming down on a document with the word 'APPROVED' in big, bold letters. The green color represents the 'go' signal.

Word Web

Permission Authority Standard Green Light Vetted Official Validation Sanction

チャレンジ

Try to find three things in your house that are 'approved' by a safety agency (look for labels like CE, UL, or USDA). Write a sentence for each one using the word 'approved'.

語源

The word 'approved' comes from the Old French word 'aprouver', which meant 'to find good' or 'to prove'. This, in turn, came from the Latin 'approbare', where 'ad-' means 'to' and 'probus' means 'good'.

元の意味： The original Latin meaning was 'to find something to be good' or 'to demonstrate the goodness of something'.

Romance (via Latin and Old French) to Germanic (English).

文化的な背景

Be careful when using 'approved' to describe people in a social sense, as it can sound judgmental or exclusionary.

In the US and UK, 'approved' is often used in advertising to build trust (e.g., 'Dentist Approved').

The 'Seal of Approval' from Good Housekeeping magazine. The 'FDA Approved' label on medications. The 'Parental Advisory: Approved' labels on media.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Banking & Finance

loan approved
credit approved
mortgage approved
pre-approved offer

Workplace & Management

budget approved
project approved
request approved
approved by management

Health & Safety

FDA approved
safety approved
clinically approved
approved medication

Education

approved curriculum
approved topic
approved list of books
officially approved

Government & Law

approved legislation
approved permit
approved zoning
sanctioned and approved

会話のきっかけ

"Has your manager approved the new budget for our team yet?"

"Did you hear that the new housing project was finally approved by the city?"

"Is this an approved method for solving this type of math problem?"

"Have you ever been pre-approved for a credit card you didn't want?"

"What is the process to get a new app approved for the store?"

日記のテーマ

Write about a time you felt relieved because something you wanted was finally approved.

Do you think there are too many 'approved' standards in modern life, or are they necessary for safety?

Describe the process of getting a project approved at your current or past job.

If you could be the person who 'approves' things for one day, what would you change?

Reflect on the difference between being 'approved' by an authority and being 'accepted' by your peers.

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, but usually in a professional context. For example, 'an approved vendor' or 'approved personnel.' Using it for friends in a social way sounds very formal or strange.

Acceptable means something is 'good enough.' Approved means it has been officially checked and given a 'yes' by someone in charge.

It can be both. In 'The boss approved the plan,' it is a verb. In 'The approved plan is on the table,' it is an adjective.

It means you have passed an initial check before the final approval process. It's common in bank offers.

No. You should say 'I approve of this' (verb) or 'This is approved' (adjective).

It is a list of things or people that are officially allowed or accepted for a specific purpose.

You can say 'My loan was approved' or 'I received an approved loan application.'

The most common opposites are 'unapproved' (not yet checked or allowed) and 'disapproved' (actively rejected).

Yes, it is a neutral-to-formal word. In very informal settings, people might say 'okay' or 'cool' instead.

Usually, we say a person is 'hired' or 'selected,' but their *application* is 'approved' by the hiring committee.

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