Imagine someone cannot see with their eyes. This is called blindness. It can happen if their eyes are sick or hurt.
Sometimes, blindness can also mean not understanding something important. For example, if someone doesn't see a problem right in front of them, we might say they have 'blindness' to that problem.
So, it means not being able to see with your eyes, or not being able to understand something clearly.
Imagine someone cannot see with their eyes. That is called blindness. It means their eyes do not work to let them see things.
Sometimes, we use blindness in another way. It is when someone does not understand something important, even if it is clear to others. For example, if someone does not see a problem that everyone else sees, you could say they have a kind of blindness to that problem. It means they are not aware of it.
Imagine someone who cannot see at all because their eyes don't work properly or there's a problem with their brain. That's the first meaning of blindness.
But it can also be used to describe when someone just doesn't understand or realize something important. For example, if a person ignores obvious problems, you could say they have a 'blindness' to those issues. It's like they're choosing not to see what's right in front of them, not because of their eyes, but because of their mind or attitude.
When we talk about 'blindness,' it usually means someone cannot see because of a medical reason. However, at a B2 level, it's useful to know it can also be used in a more figurative way.
For example, you might hear about 'political blindness' or 'blindness to the truth.' This means someone is unwilling or unable to recognize something important, even if it's obvious to others.
It describes a situation where there's a lack of awareness or understanding about a particular issue. So, it's not always about eyesight, but about a metaphorical inability to perceive something.
When we talk about 'blindness' at a C1 level, we're often moving beyond just the physical inability to see. While it certainly encompasses that, 'blindness' can also metaphorically describe a profound lack of insight or awareness.
For instance, someone might exhibit 'political blindness,' meaning they are unable or unwilling to recognize obvious truths about a political situation. This isn't about vision, but a cognitive or emotional inability to perceive reality clearly. It implies a significant cognitive or emotional block preventing accurate judgment or understanding.
Blindness at a C2 level transcends its literal definition, delving into nuanced metaphorical applications. While still denoting the physiological inability to see, it frequently refers to a profound lack of insight or understanding, particularly regarding complex social, ethical, or philosophical issues. This can manifest as a deliberate ignorance or an unwitting incapacity to perceive evident truths or consequences. The term often implies a critical judgment of this impaired awareness, suggesting a failure to acknowledge uncomfortable realities or alternative perspectives, thereby impacting judgment and decision-making.
§ What does it mean?
The word "blindness" can be understood in two primary ways, both revolving around a lack of vision, though one is literal and the other figurative. The most common and direct meaning refers to the physiological or neurological inability to see. This can range from partial vision loss to complete absence of sight, affecting an individual's interaction with the physical world.
- DEFINITION
- The condition of being unable to see due to physiological or neurological factors.
Beyond its literal definition, "blindness" is frequently used to describe a lack of perception, awareness, or judgment concerning a particular situation, fact, or even one's own shortcomings. This figurative use highlights an unwillingness or inability to acknowledge something obvious to others, often due to bias, prejudice, or emotional attachment.
- DEFINITION
- It can also refer to a lack of perception, awareness, or judgment regarding a specific situation or fact.
§ When do people use it?
People use the literal sense of "blindness" when discussing visual impairments, medical conditions affecting sight, or the challenges faced by individuals who cannot see. It's often used in medical, social, and educational contexts to describe the state of being visually impaired.
The support group offered valuable resources for people living with blindness.
The figurative meaning of "blindness" is employed in a wide range of situations to highlight a failure to see, understand, or acknowledge something important. This can apply to individuals, groups, or even entire societies.
- Emotional Blindness: When emotions prevent someone from seeing the truth or reality of a situation.
- Moral Blindness: A failure to recognize or act upon ethical principles, often leading to unjust actions.
- Cognitive Blindness: An inability to perceive or comprehend certain information, despite it being readily available.
- Social Blindness: A lack of awareness or understanding of social issues, inequalities, or the perspectives of others.
His political blindness prevented him from acknowledging the suffering of the lower classes.
Despite all the evidence, she exhibited a remarkable blindness to her son's misbehavior.
Using "blindness" figuratively often adds a strong rhetorical impact, suggesting a deliberate or profound lack of insight rather than simple ignorance. It implies a deeper, more entrenched resistance to seeing things as they truly are.
The choice between the literal and figurative meaning depends entirely on the context of the conversation or text. Understanding both applications enriches one's comprehension of the English language and allows for more nuanced communication.
§ Understanding 'Blindness'
- DEFINITION
- The condition of being unable to see due to physiological or neurological factors. It can also refer to a lack of perception, awareness, or judgment regarding a specific situation or fact.
The word "blindness" is primarily a noun, referring to the state or condition of being blind. While the prompt asks for an adjective, it's important to clarify that "blindness" itself is not an adjective. The adjective form is "blind." However, we can explore how the concept of blindness, both literal and metaphorical, is used in sentences, often with modifiers or in idiomatic expressions.
§ Literal Blindness: Grammatical Usage
When referring to the physiological inability to see, "blindness" is used as a direct noun, often preceded by articles or possessive adjectives. It can be the subject or object of a sentence.
As a Subject:
Blindness can be caused by various medical conditions.
As an Object:
The doctor specializes in treating partial blindness.
With Possessive Adjectives:
Her sudden blindness was a shock to the family.
§ Metaphorical Blindness: Grammatical Usage and Prepositions
The metaphorical sense of "blindness" refers to a lack of insight, awareness, or judgment. This usage often involves prepositions to indicate the area of deficit.
Blindness to: This is a very common and effective preposition to use when indicating what someone is unaware of or chooses not to see.
His blindness to the obvious warning signs led to the disaster.
There was a willful blindness to the suffering of others.
Blindness about: Similar to "blindness to," this preposition also indicates a lack of understanding or awareness concerning a particular subject.
The politician's blindness about the public's concerns cost him the election.
Blindness in: This can be used to describe a specific area where the lack of perception exists.
Many critics pointed out a certain blindness in his artistic vision.
Blindness of: Less common in this context, but can be used to describe the blindness *of* a person or group.
The blindness of the government to the economic crisis was alarming.
§ Common Phrases and Adjectival Usage
While "blindness" is a noun, it often appears in phrases where it implies an adjectival quality, or it is directly modified by an adjective to give it a specific nuance.
Emotional blindness: This phrase describes a lack of ability to recognize or understand emotions, either in oneself or others.
He suffered from a kind of emotional blindness, unable to empathize with his friends.
Color blindness: This is a specific type of visual impairment, often used in scientific or medical contexts.
Many men experience some degree of color blindness.
Legal blindness: This term defines a specific level of visual impairment that qualifies an individual for certain legal benefits or classifications.
Despite her partial vision, she met the criteria for legal blindness.
§ Avoiding Confusion: Blind vs. Blindness
Incorrect: He is suffering from blindness eyes.
Correct: He is blind in one eye.
Correct: He suffers from blindness in one eye.
§ Mistakes People Make with "Blindness"
The word "blindness" can be a little tricky because it has both a literal and a figurative meaning. This often leads to some common errors in its usage. Let's explore these mistakes and how you can avoid them to use the word accurately and effectively.
§ 1. Confusing Literal and Figurative Meanings
One of the most frequent mistakes is to use "blindness" in its figurative sense when the literal meaning is intended, or vice versa, in a way that creates ambiguity or sounds awkward. While the figurative meaning of a 'lack of perception' is common, it's important to ensure the context makes it clear which meaning you intend.
- Incorrect Usage
- The company's blindness to market changes led to its downfall.
While this sentence is grammatically correct and the figurative meaning is understandable, it could be made more precise. The term "blindness" here emphasizes a complete lack of awareness, which might be too strong or slightly dramatic depending on the context.
- Corrected Usage
- The company's blindness to market changes was a significant factor in its decline.
In this corrected sentence, "blindness" is used to emphasize a profound and perhaps willful lack of recognition, which is a strong figurative use. However, if the intent is simply to state they weren't aware, other words might be better. Let's look at another example for clarity:
His blindness to his own faults prevented him from improving.
Here, the figurative use is clear and effective. It's about a lack of self-awareness. It's important to remember that while figurative language can be powerful, it should not obscure the intended meaning.
§ 2. Using "Blindness" as an Adjective Instead of a Noun
"Blindness" is a noun. It describes a state or condition. A common mistake is to try and use it as an adjective. While the adjective form "blind" exists, sometimes learners might incorrectly try to force "blindness" into an adjectival role.
- Incorrect Usage
- He made a blindness decision.
This sentence is grammatically incorrect. "Blindness" cannot directly modify a noun in this way.
- Corrected Usage (using the adjective "blind")
- He made a blind decision.
Or, if you want to retain the noun "blindness" in a more complex sentence structure:
His blindness to the risks led to the poor decision.
Here, "blindness" is correctly used as a noun, the subject of the clause, clearly referring to the condition or state of not perceiving the risks.
§ 3. Overusing the Word When Simpler Alternatives Exist
Sometimes, learners might overuse "blindness" when a simpler, more direct word would suffice, particularly in its figurative sense. While the word can be impactful, it's not always the most natural choice.
- Overused Example
- There was a certain blindness in his understanding of the situation.
This sentence is understandable, but "blindness in his understanding" sounds a bit clunky. Simpler phrasing can improve clarity.
- Improved Example
- He had a certain lack of understanding of the situation.
Or, if you want to specifically imply an intentional or significant oversight:
His blindness to the obvious clues was puzzling.
In this case, "blindness" effectively conveys a significant failure to see something that was apparent.
§ 4. Incorrect Prepositions with Figurative "Blindness"
When using "blindness" in its figurative sense (lack of perception), the preposition that follows can be crucial. Common mistakes involve using incorrect prepositions, which can make the phrase sound unnatural.
Often, "blindness to" is the most natural and correct phrasing when referring to a lack of awareness about something.
- Incorrect Usage
- The politician's blindness regarding the public's opinion cost him the election.
While "regarding" isn't entirely wrong, "blindness to" is a more idiomatic and common choice in this context.
- Corrected Usage
- The politician's blindness to the public's opinion cost him the election.
In summary, mastering "blindness" means understanding its dual nature, using it as the correct part of speech, and choosing precise wording to avoid ambiguity or awkwardness. Pay attention to the context and consider if a more direct synonym might serve your meaning better, especially in its figurative sense.
§ Synonyms for Literal Blindness
When referring to the physical inability to see, several terms can be used. While 'blindness' is the most common and generally accepted term, understanding its nuances and alternatives can enrich your vocabulary.
- DEFINITION
- The condition of being unable to see due to physiological or neurological factors.
- Visual impairment: This is a broader term that encompasses a range of vision problems, from partial sight to complete blindness. It's often used in medical and official contexts.
- Sightlessness: This is a more formal and less common synonym for complete blindness.
- Amaurosis: A medical term for partial or complete blindness, especially that not due to an organic lesion but to disease of the optic nerve or retina. It's less common in everyday conversation.
- Anopsia: Another medical term referring to a defect of vision, specifically blindness.
The sudden blindness was a result of a rare neurological condition.
His severe visual impairment meant he relied on a guide dog.
§ Similar Words for Figurative Blindness
'Blindness' can also be used metaphorically to describe a lack of perception, awareness, or judgment. In this context, there are many synonyms that convey similar meanings but with different nuances.
- DEFINITION
- A lack of perception, awareness, or judgment regarding a specific situation or fact.
- Ignorance: This implies a lack of knowledge or information. It can be a simple lack of knowing something, or a more deliberate refusal to learn.
- Obliviousness: This suggests being unaware of something happening around you or something that is generally known. It often implies a lack of attention or consideration.
- Naivety: This refers to a lack of experience, wisdom, or judgment, often leading to being easily deceived.
- Short-sightedness: This implies a lack of foresight or long-term planning, focusing only on immediate concerns.
- Delusion: This is a belief held despite strong evidence to the contrary, often as a symptom of a mental disorder. In a non-clinical sense, it can mean a false belief or impression.
- Myopia: Literally meaning short-sightedness, it is also used metaphorically to describe a lack of imagination, foresight, or intellectual insight.
- Wilful ignorance: This explicitly states that someone is choosing to remain unaware or uninformed, often to avoid responsibility or uncomfortable truths.
His blindness to the risks led to significant financial losses.
The politician was criticized for her apparent obliviousness to the concerns of ordinary citizens.
Their naivety about the world made them vulnerable to exploitation.
How Formal Is It?
"The patient suffered from severe visual impairment, rendering them unable to discern even the brightest lights."
"Her sudden blindness was a result of a rare genetic condition."
"He's completely can't see without his glasses, he's basically blind."
"The little puppy can't see yet because his eyes aren't open."
"Without my contacts, I'm blind as a bat."
知っておくべき文法
Nouns can be formed from adjectives by adding suffixes like '-ness'. For example, 'blind' (adjective) becomes 'blindness' (noun).
The *blindness* caused by the accident was permanent.
Abstract nouns like 'blindness' are often uncountable and do not typically take an article when referring to the general concept.
*Blindness* can be a challenging condition.
When referring to a specific instance of the condition, an article can be used.
The doctor diagnosed *the blindness* in his left eye.
The word 'blindness' can also be used metaphorically, referring to a lack of understanding or awareness.
His political *blindness* prevented him from seeing the real issues.
In such metaphorical uses, it is often followed by 'to' and the object of the lack of awareness.
Her *blindness* to her own faults was surprising.
レベル別の例文
She experienced temporary blindness after looking directly at the solar eclipse.
She couldn't see for a short time after staring at the sun during an eclipse.
Use 'temporary' to indicate a non-permanent state.
His blindness to the risks of the investment led to significant financial losses.
He didn't see the dangers of the investment, and he lost a lot of money.
Here, 'blindness' is used metaphorically to mean a lack of awareness.
The charity provides support and resources for people living with blindness.
The charity helps people who cannot see.
Use 'living with blindness' to describe the condition respectfully.
Despite his partial blindness, he managed to lead a very independent life.
Even though he could only see a little, he lived on his own very well.
'Partial blindness' refers to a condition where someone can see to some extent.
The government's blindness to the needs of its most vulnerable citizens caused widespread criticism.
The government didn't notice what its weakest citizens needed, and people criticized them a lot.
Again, 'blindness' is used metaphorically for a lack of recognition or attention.
She wore dark glasses to protect her eyes from the sun, especially after her recent experience with snow blindness.
She wore sunglasses to protect her eyes from the sun, especially after not being able to see well due to bright snow.
'Snow blindness' is a specific type of temporary vision impairment caused by overexposure to UV light reflecting off snow.
The report highlighted a concerning blindness to environmental issues within the company's policies.
The report showed that the company's rules didn't consider environmental problems at all.
This usage emphasizes a failure to acknowledge or address a particular issue.
His emotional blindness prevented him from understanding why his friends were upset with him.
He couldn't understand his friends' feelings, so he didn't know why they were angry.
'Emotional blindness' describes an inability to perceive or understand emotional cues.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
suffer from blindness
sufrir de ceguera
lead to blindness
llevar a la ceguera
cure blindness
curar la ceguera
prevent blindness
prevenir la ceguera
a state of blindness
un estado de ceguera
blindness of the heart
ceguera del corazón
blindness to the truth
ceguera ante la verdad
cause blindness
causar ceguera
recover from blindness
recuperarse de la ceguera
blindness due to
ceguera debido a
慣用句と表現
"Turn a blind eye"
To deliberately ignore something problematic or unacceptable.
The manager decided to turn a blind eye to the small rule infraction, hoping it wouldn't happen again.
neutral"Blind leading the blind"
A situation where inexperienced or ignorant people are trying to guide others who are equally or more inexperienced.
Their new project is a mess; it's the blind leading the blind with no one truly understanding the software.
neutral"Blind ambition"
Ambition that is so strong it prevents someone from considering the consequences or ethical implications of their actions.
His blind ambition led him to betray his colleagues in order to get the promotion.
neutral"Blind spot"
An area in which a person lacks understanding or is unable to see clearly, often due to bias or lack of perspective.
I realized I had a blind spot about my own prejudices until a friend pointed them out.
neutral"Blind with rage"
Extremely angry, to the point of not being able to think clearly or rationally.
He was blind with rage after discovering his car had been vandalized.
neutral"Blind drunk"
Extremely intoxicated; completely drunk.
After the party, he was blind drunk and needed help getting home.
informal"Blind date"
A social engagement between two people who have not met before.
My friends set me up on a blind date last night, and it actually went really well!
neutral"In a blind alley"
In a situation with no apparent way out; at an impasse.
We've been working on this problem for hours, and now we're in a blind alley.
neutral"Strike someone blind"
To be extremely surprised or shocked by something (often used hyperbolically).
Well, strike me blind! I never thought I'd see him apologize.
informal"As blind as a bat"
Having very poor eyesight.
Without my glasses, I'm as blind as a bat.
informal使い方
The term blindness primarily refers to the inability to see. However, it can also be used metaphorically to describe a lack of awareness or understanding. For instance, 'financial blindness' implies a lack of understanding or foresight in managing finances. It's often used with prepositions like 'to' (e.g., 'blindness to the risks').
A common mistake is using blindness when 'ignorance' or 'unawareness' would be more appropriate for metaphorical contexts, especially when the lack of perception isn't profound. For example, instead of saying 'his blindness to her feelings was hurtful,' it might be better to say 'his unawareness of her feelings was hurtful' if the lack of perception wasn't complete or deeply ingrained. Also, avoid using it to describe deliberate avoidance; 'denial' would be a more fitting term in such cases.
ヒント
Contextual Learning
Always learn new words in context. Read sentences where 'blindness' is used to understand its nuances. For example, 'His political blindness prevented him from seeing the growing unrest.'
Synonyms and Antonyms
Explore synonyms like 'sightlessness' or 'ignorance' (for the metaphorical sense) and antonyms like 'sight' or 'awareness' to build a richer vocabulary network.
Sentence Construction
Practice creating your own sentences using 'blindness' in both its literal and metaphorical senses. This helps solidify your understanding and ability to apply the word correctly.
Root Word Analysis
Understand the root word 'blind'. Knowing its core meaning helps in grasping derivatives like 'blindness' and related terms.
Visual Association
If applicable, create a mental image or drawing associated with the word 'blindness'. Visual aids can significantly improve memory retention.
Listen and Repeat
Listen to how 'blindness' is pronounced by native speakers and practice repeating it. Pay attention to stress and intonation.
Flashcards
Use flashcards with the word on one side and its definition, example sentences, and synonyms on the other. Review them regularly for active recall.
Journaling
Incorporate 'blindness' into your daily journaling or writing exercises. The more you use a word, the more likely you are to remember it.
Discuss and Debate
Find opportunities to discuss topics where 'blindness' might be relevant, for example, discussing historical events or social issues. This allows for practical application.
Figurative Language
Explore how 'blindness' is used in idioms or proverbs, such as 'love is blind.' This enriches your understanding of its figurative uses.
よくある質問
10 問Physiological factors like cataracts, glaucoma, macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and optic nerve damage are common causes. Neurological factors can include strokes or brain injuries affecting the visual cortex. There are also congenital forms of blindness.
It depends on the cause. Some forms of blindness, like cataracts, can often be treated with surgery. Others, like certain types of glaucoma, can be managed to prevent further vision loss. However, some forms of blindness are currently irreversible.
Legally blind means that a person has severe vision impairment, even with corrective lenses. In many countries, this is defined as a visual acuity of 20/200 or worse in the better eye, or a visual field of 20 degrees or less.
People who are blind use a variety of strategies and tools, such as white canes, guide dogs, and assistive technologies like screen readers, GPS devices with audio feedback, and tactile maps. They also rely on their other senses and spatial memory.
Color blindness (or color vision deficiency) is different from blindness. It's an inability to distinguish between certain colors, most commonly red and green. It's usually a genetic condition and doesn't typically affect overall visual acuity.
Yes, many people experience partial blindness or low vision, meaning they have some usable vision but not full sight. This can range from blurry vision or tunnel vision to a complete loss of central or peripheral vision.
Metaphorically, 'blindness' can refer to a lack of awareness, perception, or understanding of a situation, problem, or truth. For example, 'political blindness' might mean ignoring the consequences of certain policies.
When communicating with someone who is blind, it's helpful to identify yourself when you enter a room, speak directly to them, describe your actions, and offer assistance without assuming it's needed. Use clear and descriptive language.
Yes, there are many types, categorized by cause (e.g., congenital, acquired), by the part of the eye or brain affected, and by the extent of vision loss (e.g., total blindness, partial blindness, legal blindness). Examples include retinitis pigmentosa, optic neuropathy, and cortical blindness.
Visual impairment is a broader term that encompasses any degree of vision loss, from mild to severe. Blindness is a more specific term, referring to a significant or complete loss of sight, often within the legal definition of blindness.
自分をテスト 150 問
The ___ cannot see the sun.
A blind man cannot see, which fits the meaning of blindness.
He has a ___ dog to help him walk.
A guide dog helps people who cannot see.
The room was very dark, so I felt a kind of ___.
When it's very dark, you can't see, which is like blindness.
She wears special glasses because of her eye ___.
Eye problems can cause blindness or difficulty seeing.
Some people are born with ___ and never see.
Blindness means not being able to see.
He has a white cane to help him when he walks, because of his ___.
A white cane is used by people who cannot see.
My cat cannot see. She has ___.
Blindness means not being able to see.
The man needs a guide dog because of his ___.
A guide dog helps people who cannot see due to blindness.
She can't see the colors. This is a kind of ___.
If you can't see colors, it is a form of blindness.
A person with blindness can see everything.
Blindness means you cannot see, or have very little sight.
Blindness means you can't see because of a problem with your eyes.
Yes, blindness is when you cannot see due to physiological or neurological factors related to sight.
If you have blindness, you can read very small letters without help.
No, if you have blindness, you usually cannot see well enough to read small letters without help.
Listen for why the man cannot see.
Listen for why she wears dark glasses.
Listen for what is hard because of his blindness.
Read this aloud:
I cannot see.
Focus: see
あなたの回答：
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Read this aloud:
He has blindness.
Focus: blindness
あなたの回答：
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Read this aloud:
She cannot see well.
Focus: well
あなたの回答：
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Write a short sentence using the word 'blindness' to describe someone who cannot see.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Her blindness means she cannot see the beautiful flowers.
Imagine a friend who doesn't understand a simple problem. Write a sentence saying they have 'blindness' to the problem.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
He has a certain blindness to the simple math problem.
Write a sentence about how glasses or a guide dog can help with blindness.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
A guide dog helps people with blindness move around safely.
What helps Sarah's grandmother walk?
Read this passage:
Sarah's grandmother has a condition called blindness. She cannot see with her eyes. A special stick helps her walk. Her family reads to her every day.
What helps Sarah's grandmother walk?
The passage states, 'A special stick helps her walk.'
The passage states, 'A special stick helps her walk.'
What did Tom not see because of his 'blindness'?
Read this passage:
Tom was very excited about his new toy car. He didn't see the big puddle in front of him. His mother said, 'You have a momentary blindness to your surroundings when you play!'
What did Tom not see because of his 'blindness'?
The passage says, 'He didn't see the big puddle in front of him.'
The passage says, 'He didn't see the big puddle in front of him.'
Why don't deep-sea fish need good eyesight?
Read this passage:
Some animals, like deep-sea fish, live in total darkness. They do not need good eyesight. You could say they have a kind of natural blindness to light, but it doesn't hurt them.
Why don't deep-sea fish need good eyesight?
The passage explains, 'They do not need good eyesight' because 'They live in total darkness.'
The passage explains, 'They do not need good eyesight' because 'They live in total darkness.'
This sentence describes someone having the condition of blindness.
This sentence describes a dog having the condition of blindness.
This sentence expresses a feeling about someone's blindness.
The old man had complete ___ and needed help to walk.
Blindness means the inability to see. The sentence describes someone who cannot see and needs help walking.
Sometimes people have a ___ to their own mistakes.
In this context, blindness refers to a lack of awareness or perception of one's own mistakes.
The doctor explained that her ___ was caused by a serious eye problem.
An eye problem would cause blindness, which is the condition of not being able to see.
His ___ to the truth made it hard for him to understand the situation.
Blindness here means a lack of perception or awareness, making it difficult to understand the truth.
Dogs can often help people with ___ to navigate safely.
Guide dogs are commonly used to assist people who have blindness.
Sometimes, love can cause a temporary ___ to a person's flaws.
In this metaphorical sense, 'blindness' refers to a lack of perception or judgment regarding someone's flaws due to strong feelings like love.
My grandmother has poor eyesight, but she doesn't have complete ____.
The sentence talks about eyesight, so 'blindness' is the correct word for not being able to see.
Sometimes people have a kind of ____ to their own mistakes, and they can't see what they did wrong.
In this context, 'blindness' means not seeing or understanding one's own errors.
The doctor explained that some animals can experience night ____, making it hard for them to see in the dark.
'Night blindness' is a common term for difficulty seeing in low light.
A person with blindness can always see a little bit.
Blindness means a complete or significant inability to see. Not everyone with blindness can see at all.
If someone has 'blindness' to a problem, it means they don't know it exists.
Figurative blindness means a lack of awareness or understanding about something.
Glasses can usually cure all types of blindness.
While glasses can correct many vision problems, they cannot cure all types of blindness, especially severe cases or those caused by neurological factors.
Imagine you are explaining to a friend why it's important to be aware of what's happening around you. Use the word 'blindness' to describe a situation where someone isn't paying attention. Write 2-3 sentences.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Sometimes people have a kind of 'blindness' to things happening right in front of them. It's important to be aware so you don't miss important details or dangers. We should always try to pay attention.
Complete the following sentence using your own words, explaining a simple situation where someone might not notice something obvious: 'Sometimes, because of a kind of _____, people might not see...'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Sometimes, because of a kind of blindness, people might not see the mess in their own room. They just don't pay attention to it.
Write a short sentence about why it's good to learn new things, relating it to avoiding 'blindness' to new ideas.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Learning new things helps us avoid a 'blindness' to new ideas. It's good to keep an open mind.
What caused Sarah to step into the puddle?
Read this passage:
Sarah was walking down the street, looking at her phone. She didn't see the big puddle in front of her and stepped right into it! Her friends laughed because her 'blindness' to her surroundings caused a funny moment. It's easy to miss things when you're not looking up.
What caused Sarah to step into the puddle?
The passage says, 'She didn't see the big puddle in front of her and stepped right into it!' and 'Her friends laughed because her 'blindness' to her surroundings caused a funny moment.' This implies she was not paying attention to her surroundings because she was looking at her phone.
The passage says, 'She didn't see the big puddle in front of her and stepped right into it!' and 'Her friends laughed because her 'blindness' to her surroundings caused a funny moment.' This implies she was not paying attention to her surroundings because she was looking at her phone.
What did Mark not notice because of his 'blindness'?
Read this passage:
Mark was very excited about his new video game. He played it all day and didn't notice that his dog was hungry and needed a walk. His mother said he had a 'blindness' to everything else when he played games. He promised to pay more attention next time.
What did Mark not notice because of his 'blindness'?
The passage states, 'He played it all day and didn't notice that his dog was hungry and needed a walk.' This shows his 'blindness' was to his dog's needs.
The passage states, 'He played it all day and didn't notice that his dog was hungry and needed a walk.' This shows his 'blindness' was to his dog's needs.
According to the passage, what can happen if people have 'blindness' to their own mistakes?
Read this passage:
Sometimes, people have a kind of 'blindness' to their own mistakes. They don't see what they did wrong and don't learn from it. It's important to be open and understand when you make a mistake so you can do better next time.
According to the passage, what can happen if people have 'blindness' to their own mistakes?
The passage says, 'They don't see what they did wrong and don't learn from it.' This directly answers the question.
The passage says, 'They don't see what they did wrong and don't learn from it.' This directly answers the question.
This sentence describes a physical condition.
This sentence uses 'blindness' to mean a lack of awareness.
This sentence describes a physical condition.
The sudden bright light caused a temporary ___ in his vision.
Blindness refers to the inability to see. In this context, it describes a temporary loss of vision.
Despite the obvious problems, the company's leaders seemed to suffer from a strange ___ to the growing crisis.
Here, 'blindness' refers to a lack of awareness or perception of a situation.
He developed a form of color ___ after the accident, making it difficult to distinguish certain shades.
Color blindness is a specific type of visual impairment.
The judge's ___ to the defendant's emotional state was criticized by the public.
In this sentence, 'blindness' means a lack of understanding or consideration.
Many people believe that love can lead to a kind of ___ to a partner's faults.
This refers to the common idea that love can make people ignore flaws.
Night ___ made it dangerous for him to drive after sunset.
Night blindness is a condition that impairs vision in low light.
Which of the following best describes 'blindness' when referring to a lack of perception?
The second part of the definition explains that 'blindness' can also mean a lack of perception or awareness.
If someone has 'blindness' due to physiological factors, what does that mean?
Physiological factors relate to the body's functions, so in this context, it refers to the physical inability to see.
In the sentence: 'His political blindness prevented him from seeing the growing discontent among the people,' what does 'blindness' mean?
This example uses the figurative meaning of blindness, referring to a lack of awareness or judgment.
Blindness always means someone cannot see anything at all.
The definition states that blindness can also refer to a lack of perception or awareness, not just physical sight.
A person can experience 'blindness' if they don't notice an obvious problem.
The definition includes 'a lack of perception, awareness, or judgment regarding a specific situation or fact,' which aligns with not noticing an obvious problem.
If someone is 'blind to the truth,' it means they physically cannot see the truth written on a paper.
In this figurative sense, 'blind to the truth' means they are unwilling or unable to acknowledge the truth, not that they physically cannot see it.
Listen for the physical condition.
Listen for the metaphorical meaning of blindness.
Listen for the duration of the condition.
Read this aloud:
The government's blindness to the public's needs led to widespread protests.
Focus: blindness, widespread
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Read this aloud:
She wore dark glasses to protect her eyes, but her blindness was not visible to others.
Focus: visible, others
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Read this aloud:
His emotional blindness made it difficult for him to understand her feelings.
Focus: emotional, understand
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Imagine you are describing a character in a story who experiences a sudden, temporary blindness. Write three sentences describing their immediate reactions and feelings.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Suddenly, everything went dark. A wave of confusion washed over him as he reached out, touching only empty air. A cold fear gripped his heart.
Write a short paragraph about a time when you or someone you know showed 'blindness' to an obvious problem. Explain what happened and what the consequences were.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
My friend was completely blind to how much money he was spending on online games. Even though his bank account was almost empty, he kept buying more. The consequence was that he couldn't pay his rent, and he only realized his mistake when it was too late.
Complete the following sentence in two different ways, using 'blindness' in each: 'The politician's ______ led to terrible decisions.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
The politician's blindness to the needs of the poor led to terrible decisions. The politician's blindness to the changing economic reality led to terrible decisions.
What kind of 'blindness' is Sarah experiencing?
Read this passage:
Sarah had always been very organized, but lately, she seemed to be suffering from a strange blindness. She couldn't find her keys, she forgot appointments, and she even left her phone at home several times. Her friends were worried that something serious was going on.
What kind of 'blindness' is Sarah experiencing?
The passage describes Sarah forgetting things and losing items, which indicates a lack of awareness or perception rather than physical blindness or memory loss.
The passage describes Sarah forgetting things and losing items, which indicates a lack of awareness or perception rather than physical blindness or memory loss.
What caused the company's financial 'blindness'?
Read this passage:
Despite the clear warning signs, the company continued with its risky investment. This financial blindness ultimately led to significant losses and a reduction in staff. The CEO later admitted that they had been too optimistic and ignored the expert advice.
What caused the company's financial 'blindness'?
The passage states that 'they had been too optimistic and ignored the expert advice,' which directly explains the cause of their 'financial blindness.'
The passage states that 'they had been too optimistic and ignored the expert advice,' which directly explains the cause of their 'financial blindness.'
How did Mark's experience of blindness affect him?
Read this passage:
When he was a child, Mark suffered from temporary blindness after an accident. For a few weeks, his world was completely dark. It was a very challenging time, but he learned to rely on his other senses and developed a new appreciation for sight when it returned.
How did Mark's experience of blindness affect him?
The passage says, 'he learned to rely on his other senses and developed a new appreciation for sight when it returned,' directly answering the question.
The passage says, 'he learned to rely on his other senses and developed a new appreciation for sight when it returned,' directly answering the question.
The sudden financial crisis led to a collective ___ among investors, who failed to foresee its devastating impact.
The context implies a lack of perception or awareness regarding the crisis, which 'blindness' conveys.
Despite clear warning signs, his political ___ prevented him from acknowledging the growing dissent.
In this sentence, 'blindness' refers to a lack of judgment or perception in a specific situation.
The artist's unique perspective was due to his early onset ___, which forced him to interpret the world through other senses.
Here, 'blindness' refers to the physiological condition of being unable to see.
Her ___ to the faults of her favorite team was evident; she always defended them, no matter what.
'Blindness' in this context means a lack of awareness or judgment about a specific fact, in this case, her team's faults.
The scientific community's initial ___ to the potential of renewable energy slowed its development for decades.
This sentence uses 'blindness' to describe a lack of perception or judgment regarding a specific situation or fact.
Congenital ___ meant he had never experienced the world visually, but his other senses were incredibly acute.
'Congenital blindness' refers to the condition of being born without sight.
The company's continued investment in failing projects showed a certain financial ___.
In this context, 'blindness' refers to a lack of awareness or judgment regarding the financial situation.
Despite overwhelming evidence, some people exhibit a strange ___ to the truth.
'Blindness to the truth' means an inability or unwillingness to perceive the truth.
Her emotional ___ prevented her from seeing the impact of her words on others.
Emotional blindness refers to a lack of awareness or understanding of emotional cues and their impact.
If someone suffers from 'color blindness', it means they cannot see any colors at all.
Color blindness typically means difficulty distinguishing between certain colors, not a complete inability to see all colors.
The term 'political blindness' can describe a situation where a leader ignores clear warning signs of a crisis.
Political blindness implies a lack of perception or awareness regarding political realities or impending issues.
A person who is 'blind with rage' is literally unable to see due to anger.
'Blind with rage' is an idiom meaning someone is so angry they are unable to think clearly or rationally, not that they lose their sight.
Listen for the cause of the blindness.
Consider the figurative meaning of 'blindness' in this context.
Pay attention to how he coped with his condition.
Read this aloud:
It's important not to show blindness to the suffering of others.
Focus: blindness, suffering
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Read this aloud:
Some people have a certain blindness when it comes to their own faults.
Focus: certain, faults
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Read this aloud:
Can you imagine the challenges of living with total blindness?
Focus: imagine, challenges
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This sentence uses 'blindness' in the figurative sense, referring to a lack of awareness.
This sentence uses 'blindness' in the literal sense, referring to the inability to see.
This sentence uses 'blindness' in the figurative sense, indicating a lack of perception.
The company's leadership suffered from a collective ___ to the impending market shift, leading to significant financial losses.
In this context, 'blindness' refers to a lack of perception or awareness, fitting the idea that the leadership failed to see the market shift.
Despite numerous warnings, his emotional ___ to his friend's deceitful nature prevented him from recognizing the manipulation.
Here, 'blindness' signifies an inability to perceive or acknowledge a fact due to emotional factors.
The public's initial ___ to the environmental crisis allowed industries to continue polluting unchecked for decades.
This sentence uses 'blindness' to describe a lack of awareness or judgment regarding the environmental crisis.
Her ideological ___ prevented her from considering alternative viewpoints, making any nuanced discussion impossible.
In this instance, 'blindness' refers to a lack of perception or understanding due to strong ideology.
The scientist's absolute ___ to the ethical implications of his research eventually led to widespread controversy.
This use of 'blindness' denotes a complete lack of awareness or judgment regarding the ethical aspects.
His persistent ___ to the growing dissent within his team ultimately undermined his authority as a leader.
Here, 'blindness' indicates a failure to perceive or acknowledge the internal conflict within the team.
Despite overwhelming evidence, his political blindness prevented him from acknowledging the corruption within his party.
In this context, 'blindness' refers to a metaphorical inability to perceive or acknowledge something, despite clear evidence.
The sudden blindness caused by the accident made everyday tasks incredibly challenging for her.
Here, 'blindness' refers to the literal, physical condition of being unable to see, resulting from an accident.
Her love for him was so profound that it led to a complete blindness to his flaws.
This usage of 'blindness' signifies an emotional state where one is unable to see or acknowledge the negative aspects of someone or something due to strong feelings.
The term 'blindness' can sometimes refer to a lack of judgment or insight in a non-literal sense.
Yes, 'blindness' is often used metaphorically to describe an inability to perceive or understand something, even when evidence is present, indicating a lack of judgment or insight.
If someone describes a person's 'blindness to the risks,' they are referring to a physical inability to see potential dangers.
No, in this phrase, 'blindness to the risks' refers to a metaphorical lack of awareness or perception of potential dangers, not a literal inability to see.
A person suffering from 'color blindness' has a complete inability to see any light.
No, color blindness is a condition where a person has difficulty distinguishing between certain colors, not a complete inability to see light.
Write a paragraph describing a situation where 'blindness' refers to a lack of awareness or understanding, rather than a physical inability to see. Explain the consequences of this metaphorical blindness.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
In the corporate world, a common form of 'blindness' can be seen when leadership fails to acknowledge emerging market trends, preferring to stick to outdated strategies. This 'strategic blindness' often leads to a company's decline, as competitors who are more attuned to market shifts gain a significant advantage. The consequences can be severe, ranging from decreased profitability to eventual bankruptcy, all because of a persistent lack of awareness regarding crucial industry dynamics.
Compose a short narrative about a character who experiences a temporary 'blindness' to a friend's struggles, only to realize their oversight later. Focus on the emotional impact of this realization.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Sarah had been so absorbed in her own academic pressures that she developed a temporary 'blindness' to her roommate, Emily's, increasing anxiety. Emily's quiet demeanor and late-night study sessions seemed normal to Sarah, who was too focused on her own deadlines. It wasn't until Emily confided in another friend about her severe stress that Sarah had a profound realization of her oversight. The emotional impact was significant; a wave of regret and shame washed over her for not being more perceptive and supportive.
Imagine a scenario where a group of experts suffers from collective 'blindness' to an obvious solution to a complex problem. Describe the problem, their initial struggle, and how they eventually overcome their 'blindness'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
The team of engineers was grappling with a critical design flaw in their new prototype, experiencing a collective 'blindness' to a simple, elegant solution. For weeks, they overcomplicated the issue, focusing on intricate technical adjustments rather than re-evaluating the fundamental premise. Their initial struggle was marked by frustration and escalating costs. It wasn't until a junior intern, unburdened by their preconceived notions, questioned a basic assumption that their 'blindness' lifted. This fresh perspective led to a breakthrough, highlighting how established expertise can sometimes hinder true innovation.
According to the passage, what is a consequence of businesses' 'blindness' to ethical implications?
Read this passage:
In an era characterized by rapid technological advancement, many businesses suffer from a peculiar form of 'blindness' to the ethical implications of their innovations. While pursuing profit and market dominance, they often overlook the potential societal impact of their products and services. This oversight can lead to unforeseen consequences, ranging from privacy breaches to the propagation of misinformation, ultimately eroding public trust.
According to the passage, what is a consequence of businesses' 'blindness' to ethical implications?
The passage explicitly states that 'This oversight can lead to unforeseen consequences, ranging from privacy breaches to the propagation of misinformation, ultimately eroding public trust.'
The passage explicitly states that 'This oversight can lead to unforeseen consequences, ranging from privacy breaches to the propagation of misinformation, ultimately eroding public trust.'
What does the author suggest is the importance of understanding historical 'blindness' in political leadership?
Read this passage:
The historical record reveals instances where political leaders exhibited a profound 'blindness' to the grievances of their populace, dismissing widespread discontent as mere agitation. This failure to perceive the underlying causes of unrest often precipitated significant social upheaval. Understanding the reasons behind such 'blindness' is crucial for preventing similar mistakes in contemporary governance.
What does the author suggest is the importance of understanding historical 'blindness' in political leadership?
The passage states, 'Understanding the reasons behind such 'blindness' is crucial for preventing similar mistakes in contemporary governance.'
The passage states, 'Understanding the reasons behind such 'blindness' is crucial for preventing similar mistakes in contemporary governance.'
What is identified as a factor contributing to the 'blindness' regarding climate change?
Read this passage:
Despite overwhelming scientific evidence, a segment of the population exhibits a persistent 'blindness' to the realities of climate change. This denial, often fueled by misinformation and partisan narratives, hinders collective action and delays crucial policy implementations. Overcoming this 'blindness' requires not only accurate information but also a shift in communication strategies to foster genuine understanding and a sense of urgency.
What is identified as a factor contributing to the 'blindness' regarding climate change?
The passage states that this denial is 'often fueled by misinformation and partisan narratives'.
The passage states that this denial is 'often fueled by misinformation and partisan narratives'.
This sentence uses 'blindness' in both its literal (lack of perception) and figurative (lack of awareness) senses, illustrating a complex understanding of the word.
This sentence uses 'blindness' in its literal sense, referring to a visual impairment, and demonstrates the subject's resilience.
This sentence uses 'blindness' metaphorically to describe a leader's lack of awareness or insight into political realities.
The company's continued investment in an outdated technology demonstrated a profound __________ to market trends.
In this context, 'blindness' refers to a lack of perception or awareness, which fits the company's failure to recognize market trends. 'Foresight,' 'acuity,' and 'discernment' are all antonyms, implying a keen understanding.
Despite overwhelming evidence, his political __________ prevented him from acknowledging the flaws in his party's policies.
Here, 'blindness' signifies a lack of judgment or an inability to see the truth due to strong personal bias, such as political allegiance. The other options do not convey this specific nuance of impaired judgment.
The historical account revealed a cultural __________ to the suffering of marginalized communities, leading to systemic injustice.
This usage of 'blindness' denotes a collective lack of awareness or understanding regarding a societal issue, leading to negative consequences. 'Empathy,' 'sensibility,' and 'awareness' are all opposites.
If someone exhibits a 'blindness' to their own faults, it means they are keenly aware of their shortcomings.
To have 'blindness' to one's own faults means to be unaware of them, not keenly aware. The statement is therefore false.
The term 'color blindness' strictly refers to the complete inability to perceive any color.
While 'color blindness' can refer to a complete inability to see color, it more commonly refers to a diminished ability to distinguish between certain colors, not a total lack of color perception.
A metaphorical 'blindness' can sometimes be a deliberate choice to ignore an uncomfortable truth.
Metaphorical 'blindness' can indeed be a conscious decision to avoid confronting unpleasant realities or facts, making the statement true.
Listen for how 'blindness' is used in a metaphorical sense.
Consider the contrast between physical and metaphorical blindness.
Pay attention to the specific type of 'blindness' described.
Read this aloud:
It is a testament to his resilience that he overcame his blindness to pursue a career in music.
Focus: re-sil-ience, over-came, pur-sue
あなたの回答：
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Read this aloud:
The company's blindness to emerging market trends ultimately led to its downfall.
Focus: com-pa-ny's, emer-ging, down-fall
あなたの回答：
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Read this aloud:
Can you elaborate on how a leader's blindness to dissent can undermine their authority?
Focus: elab-or-ate, dis-sent, un-der-mine, au-thor-i-ty
あなたの回答：
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Discuss the ethical implications of using gene therapy to cure congenital blindness, considering the potential impact on identity and diversity within the visually impaired community.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
The application of gene therapy to rectify congenital blindness presents a complex ethical landscape. While the promise of restoring sight is compelling, one must critically consider the potential impact on the identity of individuals who have grown up with visual impairment. There's a risk of devaluing the lived experiences and unique perspectives within the visually impaired community, potentially eroding diversity. Furthermore, questions arise concerning access, affordability, and the societal pressure to 'normalize' conditions, raising profound ethical dilemmas.
Analyze how literary works often employ 'blindness' as a metaphor for intellectual or emotional ignorance, providing examples from at least two different authors or periods.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
In literature, 'blindness' frequently transcends its literal meaning to serve as a potent metaphor for intellectual or emotional ignorance. For instance, in Sophocles' 'Oedipus Rex,' Oedipus's physical sight is inversely proportional to his understanding; he is 'blind' to the truth of his parentage and patricide until he literally blinds himself, achieving tragic insight. Similarly, in Herman Melville's 'Moby Dick,' Captain Ahab's relentless pursuit of the white whale is born of a metaphorical blindness to the futility and destructive nature of his obsession, leading to his ultimate demise. These examples underscore how authors use literal blindness to highlight a profound lack of awareness.
Evaluate the challenges faced by urban planners in designing inclusive public spaces that accommodate individuals with varying degrees of visual impairment, proposing innovative solutions.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Urban planners face significant challenges in creating public spaces that are truly inclusive for individuals with visual impairments. These include ensuring legible signage, consistent tactile paving, auditory cues at intersections, and obstacle-free pathways. Innovative solutions could involve implementing smart city technologies, such as navigation apps integrated with public infrastructure providing real-time audio guidance, or widespread adoption of augmented reality overlays for accessible information. Additionally, participatory design approaches, involving visually impaired individuals directly in the planning process, are crucial for fostering genuinely inclusive and user-friendly urban environments.
According to the passage, what is a primary reason for the ongoing challenges faced by the visually impaired?
Read this passage:
Despite significant advancements in assistive technologies, the societal 'blindness' to the needs of the visually impaired continues to present formidable barriers. This often manifests in infrastructure that is not universally designed, educational systems that lack adequate resources, and employment sectors that remain largely inaccessible. Overcoming this pervasive lack of awareness requires not only technological innovation but also a fundamental shift in societal perceptions and policy implementation.
According to the passage, what is a primary reason for the ongoing challenges faced by the visually impaired?
The passage explicitly states that 'the societal 'blindness' to the needs of the visually impaired continues to present formidable barriers,' indicating this unawareness as a primary challenge.
The passage explicitly states that 'the societal 'blindness' to the needs of the visually impaired continues to present formidable barriers,' indicating this unawareness as a primary challenge.
What does 'change blindness' primarily demonstrate about human perception?
Read this passage:
The phenomenon of 'change blindness' illustrates how focused attention can paradoxically lead to a lack of perception regarding significant alterations in one's visual field. This cognitive bias highlights that our brains are not always processing every detail of our environment, often prioritizing specific tasks or stimuli. Understanding change blindness has implications for various fields, from eyewitness testimony to user interface design.
What does 'change blindness' primarily demonstrate about human perception?
The passage explains that 'focused attention can paradoxically lead to a lack of perception regarding significant alterations in one's visual field,' which is the core concept of change blindness.
The passage explains that 'focused attention can paradoxically lead to a lack of perception regarding significant alterations in one's visual field,' which is the core concept of change blindness.
What is the primary purpose of discussing 'blindsight' in philosophical debates?
Read this passage:
Philosophers have long debated the nature of perception, often using 'blindness' as a conceptual tool to explore its limits. For example, thought experiments involving 'blindsight'—a condition where individuals with damage to the visual cortex can respond to visual stimuli without consciously seeing them—challenge our conventional understanding of what it means to 'see.' These discussions underscore the complexity of visual processing and consciousness itself.
What is the primary purpose of discussing 'blindsight' in philosophical debates?
The passage states that discussions of 'blindsight' 'challenge our conventional understanding of what it means to 'see'' and 'underscore the complexity of visual processing and consciousness itself,' directly linking it to exploring limits of perception and consciousness.
The passage states that discussions of 'blindsight' 'challenge our conventional understanding of what it means to 'see'' and 'underscore the complexity of visual processing and consciousness itself,' directly linking it to exploring limits of perception and consciousness.
This sentence describes how a lack of awareness or judgment in political matters led to a negative consequence.
This sentence uses 'blindness' in its literal sense, contrasting it with a heightened ability in another area.
This sentence uses 'blindness' to describe an intentional refusal to recognize something evident.
/ 150 correct
Perfect score!
Contextual Learning
Always learn new words in context. Read sentences where 'blindness' is used to understand its nuances. For example, 'His political blindness prevented him from seeing the growing unrest.'
Synonyms and Antonyms
Explore synonyms like 'sightlessness' or 'ignorance' (for the metaphorical sense) and antonyms like 'sight' or 'awareness' to build a richer vocabulary network.
Sentence Construction
Practice creating your own sentences using 'blindness' in both its literal and metaphorical senses. This helps solidify your understanding and ability to apply the word correctly.
Root Word Analysis
Understand the root word 'blind'. Knowing its core meaning helps in grasping derivatives like 'blindness' and related terms.
例文
He has struggled with night blindness since he was a young child.
関連コンテンツ
Healthの関連語
abortion
B2The medical termination of a pregnancy before the fetus is capable of independent life. It can also describe the premature failure or ending of a plan, project, or mission.
abortions
C1妊娠が複数回、途中で終わることを指す言葉です。自然に起こることも、人為的に起こることもあります。
abrasion
B2擦り傷のこと。また、摩擦によって物が削れていく現象を指すこともあるよ。
acuity
B2Acuity refers to the sharpness or keenness of thought, vision, or hearing. It describes the ability to perceive small details clearly or to understand complex situations quickly and accurately.
acute
B2突然発生する深刻で強烈な問題や状況を指します。また、感覚や知性が鋭く、敏感である様子を表すこともあります。
addictary
C1To systematically induce a state of physiological or psychological dependence in a subject through repetitive exposure or habitual engagement. It describes the active process of making someone or something prone to a compulsive habit or substance.
addicted
B1何かをやめられず、体に悪いとわかっていても必要としてしまう状態。それに依存している。
addiction
B2Addiction is a chronic and complex condition characterized by the compulsive use of a substance or engagement in a behavior despite harmful consequences. It involves a lack of control over the activity and can manifest as both physical and psychological dependence.
adrenaline
B2ストレスや興奮を感じたときに体から出るホルモンです。心臓がドキドキして、危険に立ち向かうためのエネルギーを与えます。
advivcy
C1Relating to the active promotion of vitality, health, and sustained life within a professional, clinical, or structural framework. It describes a proactive and life-affirming stance in guidance or treatment intended to revitalize a system or individual.
