Hostile means showing strong unfriendliness or opposition, often with an aggressive or antagonistic edge.
30秒でわかる単語
- Unfriendly or aggressive in attitude or behavior.
- Describes opposition, antagonism, or unwelcoming environments.
- Used for people, places, or abstract concepts.
**Overview**
The word 'hostile' describes a state of antagonism or unfriendliness. It's not just about being unfriendly; it implies a readiness to fight or oppose. This can apply to people, groups, environments, or even abstract concepts like ideas.
**Usage Patterns**
'Hostile' is commonly used to describe people's attitudes or behavior (e.g., 'hostile reception,' 'hostile crowd'). It can also describe environments that are dangerous or unwelcoming (e.g., 'hostile territory,' 'hostile climate'). It often appears with verbs like 'to be,' 'to become,' 'to seem,' or in phrases like 'hostile to' or 'hostile towards.'
**Common Contexts**
You might encounter 'hostile' in news reports describing international relations or conflicts ('hostile actions'), in discussions about social interactions ('a hostile work environment'), or when describing challenging natural conditions ('hostile terrain'). It's also used in legal contexts, such as a 'hostile takeover' of a company.
**Similar Words Comparison**:
- Unfriendly: Less intense than hostile; simply lacking warmth or politeness.
- Aggressive: Implies a proactive, often forceful, approach, which can be a component of hostility but also exists independently.
- Antagonistic: Similar to hostile, suggesting opposition and conflict, often in a more subtle or prolonged way.
- Warlike: Specifically relates to the preparation or inclination for war; a stronger form of hostility.
例文
The speaker was met with a hostile reception from the audience.
everydayPembicara disambut dengan penerimaan yang tidak ramah dari penonton.
The company faced hostile bids from competitors after its profits declined.
formalPerusahaan menghadapi tawaran permusuhan dari pesaing setelah keuntungannya menurun.
He gave me this really hostile look when I accidentally bumped into him.
informalDia memberiku tatapan yang sangat bermusuhan ketika aku tidak sengaja menabraknya.
The expedition faced hostile weather conditions in the Arctic tundra.
academicEkspedisi menghadapi kondisi cuaca yang tidak bersahabat di tundra Arktik.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
hostile takeover
pengambilalihan paksa
hostile witness
saksi yang tidak kooperatif
hostile territory
wilayah musuh/berbahaya
よく混同される語
'Unfriendly' simply means not being warm or pleasant. 'Hostile' implies a stronger degree of opposition, antagonism, or even aggression.
'Aggressive' focuses on forceful action or behavior, often in pursuit of a goal. 'Hostile' emphasizes the unfriendliness or antagonism, which may or may not involve overt aggression.
文法パターン
How to Use It
使い方のコツ
Use 'hostile' to describe strong feelings of opposition or unfriendliness. It can describe people's attitudes, actions, or even environments. It is generally considered a negative term and implies a degree of antagonism.
よくある間違い
Don't confuse 'hostile' with simply 'angry'. While anger can lead to hostility, 'hostile' specifically refers to the outward expression of antagonism or unfriendliness. Also, ensure you use prepositions correctly, such as 'hostile to' or 'hostile towards'.
Tips
Recognize signs of hostility
Look for unfriendly body language, sharp tones, or aggressive language. These are often indicators of a hostile attitude.
Avoid hostile reactions
Responding to hostility with more hostility can escalate conflict. Try to remain calm and objective when faced with an unfriendly situation.
Cultural differences in expression
What seems hostile in one culture might be considered normal directness in another. Be mindful of cultural nuances when interpreting behavior.
語源
The word 'hostile' comes from the Latin word 'hostilis', meaning 'of or belonging to an enemy'. This relates back to 'hostis', meaning 'stranger, enemy'.
文化的な背景
In some cultures, directness and assertiveness might be misinterpreted as hostility by those from more reserved cultural backgrounds. Conversely, politeness might be seen as passive or even deceitful in highly competitive environments.
覚え方のコツ
Imagine a 'host' who is not welcoming at all, but instead, acts aggressively towards their guests. This 'host-ile' person makes everyone feel unwelcome and unsafe.
よくある質問
4 問Not necessarily. While it can involve physical aggression, 'hostile' often describes an attitude, a tone of voice, or an unwelcoming atmosphere that may not involve direct physical confrontation.
Yes, environments can be described as hostile if they are dangerous, difficult to survive in, or unwelcoming. Examples include 'hostile territory' or a 'hostile climate' for a particular species.
'Angry' describes a feeling of displeasure or annoyance. 'Hostile' describes an outward expression of unfriendliness or opposition, which might stem from anger but is more about the antagonistic behavior itself.
A 'hostile takeover' in business refers to an attempt to acquire a company against the wishes of its management or board of directors, often by buying its stock directly from shareholders.
自分をテスト
Choose the best word to complete the sentence.
The new employee felt unwelcome due to the ______ atmosphere in the office.
The sentence describes an unwelcome atmosphere, which aligns with the meaning of 'hostile' as unfriendly or antagonistic.
Select the option that best defines 'hostile'.
Which of the following best describes a 'hostile' action?
Option B directly reflects the meaning of hostile as aggressive and unfriendly, often leading to conflict.
Arrange the words to form a grammatically correct sentence using 'hostile'.
Create a sentence about a situation that felt unwelcoming.
This sentence correctly uses 'hostile' to describe an unwelcoming environment.
🎉 スコア： /3
Summary
Hostile means showing strong unfriendliness or opposition, often with an aggressive or antagonistic edge.
- Unfriendly or aggressive in attitude or behavior.
- Describes opposition, antagonism, or unwelcoming environments.
- Used for people, places, or abstract concepts.
Recognize signs of hostility
Look for unfriendly body language, sharp tones, or aggressive language. These are often indicators of a hostile attitude.
Avoid hostile reactions
Responding to hostility with more hostility can escalate conflict. Try to remain calm and objective when faced with an unfriendly situation.
Cultural differences in expression
What seems hostile in one culture might be considered normal directness in another. Be mindful of cultural nuances when interpreting behavior.
例文
4 / 4The speaker was met with a hostile reception from the audience.
Pembicara disambut dengan penerimaan yang tidak ramah dari penonton.
The company faced hostile bids from competitors after its profits declined.
Perusahaan menghadapi tawaran permusuhan dari pesaing setelah keuntungannya menurun.
He gave me this really hostile look when I accidentally bumped into him.
Dia memberiku tatapan yang sangat bermusuhan ketika aku tidak sengaja menabraknya.
The expedition faced hostile weather conditions in the Arctic tundra.
Ekspedisi menghadapi kondisi cuaca yang tidak bersahabat di tundra Arktik.
