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A2 verb #1,800 よく出る 11分で読める

apoyar

上位1,800

練習する例文メモとヒント apoyar 30秒で

解説 apoyar in your Level:

At the A1 level, the verb 'apoyar' is introduced primarily in its most basic, physical sense, as well as in simple expressions of helping family and friends. Beginners learn that 'apoyar' means to place something against something else so it doesn't fall down. For example, a teacher might say 'apoya el lápiz en la mesa' (put the pencil on the table). It is a regular -ar verb, which makes it very easy for new learners to conjugate in the present tense: yo apoyo, tú apoyas, él/ella apoya, nosotros apoyamos, ellos apoyan. At this stage, students also learn the basic emotional meaning, such as 'yo apoyo a mi amigo' (I support my friend). The focus is on understanding that this word is used when someone needs help or when an object needs a surface to rest on. It is crucial at this level to introduce the personal 'a' when talking about supporting people, as this is a fundamental Spanish grammar rule. Simple sentences are the goal here, avoiding complex reflexive structures. The vocabulary is kept to everyday items and close relationships: supporting a brother, resting a book, backing a favorite sports team. This foundational understanding sets the stage for the more abstract uses of the verb that will be encountered in higher levels of proficiency.

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Moving into the A2 level, learners expand their use of 'apoyar' to include more routine emotional and social contexts. Students begin to use the verb in the past tenses (preterite and imperfect) to describe how they supported someone in the past or how an object was resting. For instance, 'Ayer apoyé a mi hermana en su partido' (Yesterday I supported my sister at her game) or 'El cuadro estaba apoyado en la pared' (The painting was leaning against the wall). At this stage, the pronominal form 'apoyarse' is introduced, teaching students how to say 'to lean on' physically. They learn phrases like 'No te apoyes en la puerta' (Don't lean on the door). The concept of supporting ideas or simple plans also emerges. A student might say, 'Apoyo tu idea de ir al cine' (I support your idea to go to the movies). The distinction between 'apoyar' (to support emotionally/physically) and 'ayudar' (to help generally) becomes clearer. Exercises at this level often involve matching the verb to different contexts, such as sports, friendship, and physical objects, ensuring the learner understands the versatility of the word without getting bogged down in complex political or academic jargon.

At the B1 level, the usage of 'apoyar' becomes significantly more abstract and nuanced. Learners are now expected to use the verb in discussions about opinions, societal issues, and future plans, employing the subjunctive mood where appropriate. For example, 'Espero que mis padres me apoyen' (I hope my parents support me). The vocabulary expands to include supporting causes, charities, and political candidates: 'Apoyo la campaña para limpiar el parque' (I support the campaign to clean the park). The reflexive form 'apoyarse en' is now used metaphorically to mean relying on someone emotionally: 'Me apoyo mucho en mi mejor amigo cuando estoy triste' (I rely heavily on my best friend when I am sad). Furthermore, the crucial distinction between 'apoyar' and the false friend 'soportar' is heavily emphasized at this level to correct common English-speaker errors. Students learn that 'soportar' means to tolerate, while 'apoyar' means to back or endorse. The noun form 'el apoyo' (the support) is also integrated into their active vocabulary, allowing for phrases like 'Gracias por tu apoyo' (Thank you for your support). This level marks the transition from simple, concrete uses to expressing complex thoughts and participating in debates.

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In the B2 level, learners demonstrate a high degree of fluency and flexibility with 'apoyar'. The verb is used effortlessly in complex sentence structures, including conditional sentences and passive voice constructions. For example, 'Si tuviera más dinero, apoyaría a más organizaciones benéficas' (If I had more money, I would support more charities) or 'La nueva ley fue apoyada por la mayoría' (The new law was supported by the majority). At this stage, learners encounter 'apoyar' frequently in authentic media, such as news articles, opinion pieces, and professional correspondence. They learn synonyms like 'respaldar' and 'sostener' and understand the subtle differences in register and context. 'Respaldar' might be chosen over 'apoyar' in a formal business report to mean 'endorse' or 'guarantee'. The metaphorical use of 'apoyarse en' extends to academic and professional contexts, such as 'El autor se apoya en datos estadísticos para demostrar su punto' (The author relies on statistical data to prove his point). Students are expected to articulate their support or lack thereof for complex socio-political issues, using 'apoyar' as a key tool for argumentation and persuasion, demonstrating a deep cultural and linguistic understanding of the word.

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At the C1 advanced level, the use of 'apoyar' is characterized by precision, idiomatic mastery, and an understanding of subtle stylistic choices. Learners can navigate highly formal, academic, and literary texts where 'apoyar' and its derivatives are used to structure complex arguments. They seamlessly use expressions like 'apoyar incondicionalmente' (to support unconditionally) or 'brindar apoyo logístico' (to provide logistical support). The verb is used to discuss abstract concepts, theoretical frameworks, and institutional backing. For instance, 'La tesis doctoral se apoya en una exhaustiva revisión bibliográfica' (The doctoral thesis is supported by an exhaustive literature review). At this level, speakers can play with the physical and metaphorical meanings of the word for rhetorical effect. They fully grasp the socio-cultural implications of 'apoyar' in different Spanish-speaking regions, understanding how political support or social solidarity is expressed locally. The distinction between 'apoyar', 'respaldar', 'avalar' (to guarantee/vouch for), and 'secundar' is clear, and the learner selects the exact right verb to convey their specific shade of meaning. Errors with 'soportar' or missing personal 'a's are virtually non-existent, reflecting near-native competence.

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At the C2 mastery level, the learner's command of 'apoyar' is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker. The verb is utilized instinctively across all registers, from the most colloquial slang to the highest forms of academic and diplomatic discourse. The user understands historical and literary connotations of the word and can employ it in creative writing or complex negotiations. They might use highly sophisticated phrasing such as 'El entramado social se apoya sobre pilares de solidaridad mutua' (The social framework rests upon pillars of mutual solidarity). At this stage, the focus is not on learning the word, but on deploying it as a precise instrument of communication. The speaker can effortlessly switch between 'apoyar', 'respaldar', 'patrocinar' (to sponsor), and 'fomentar' (to promote) depending on the micro-context of the conversation. They understand regional idioms and colloquialisms involving the concept of support and can use the pronominal 'apoyarse' to describe complex psychological or philosophical dependencies. The mastery of 'apoyar' at C2 represents a complete integration of the word into the speaker's linguistic identity, allowing for profound, nuanced, and culturally resonant expression.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

apoyar 30秒で

Means 'to support' emotionally or ideologically.
Means 'to lean' or 'rest' physically.
Requires personal 'a' for people.
Reflexive form 'apoyarse en' means 'to rely on'.

The Spanish verb apoyar is a fundamental and highly versatile vocabulary word that translates primarily to 'to support' in English. However, its usage extends far beyond a simple one-to-one translation, encompassing physical, emotional, ideological, and financial dimensions. Understanding the full spectrum of its meaning is crucial for achieving fluency and expressing complex thoughts accurately. At its core, apoyar derives from the concept of providing a base or a foundation. When used in a physical context, it means to lean, rest, or place something against a surface so that it does not fall. For example, you might lean a ladder against a wall or rest your elbows on a table. This physical foundation beautifully mirrors its abstract applications. In interpersonal relationships, apoyar signifies emotional backing, encouragement, and solidarity. When a friend is going through a difficult time, you offer them your support; you stand by them. This is perhaps the most common daily usage of the word. Furthermore, in professional, political, or academic contexts, the verb is used to indicate agreement with or endorsement of an idea, a proposal, a candidate, or a movement. You can support a new law, back a political campaign, or endorse a scientific theory. It is important to note that while it can imply financial support (like funding a project), Spanish often uses other verbs like mantener when referring to financially providing for a family. Let us explore these nuances through detailed examples and structural breakdowns.

Physical Support: Using an object or surface to bear weight, such as leaning a bicycle against a fence or resting your head on a pillow.

No debes apoyar los codos en la mesa mientras comes.

Emotional Support: Providing comfort, encouragement, and solidarity to someone facing personal challenges or pursuing difficult goals.

Mis padres siempre van a apoyar mis decisiones profesionales.

Ideological Support: Endorsing or agreeing with a specific concept, political movement, argument, or proposed legislation.

El comité decidió apoyar la nueva propuesta de ley ambiental.

Necesito apoyar la escalera en la pared para pintar el techo.

La empresa va a apoyar el proyecto con fondos adicionales.

Mastering the various contexts in which this verb operates will significantly elevate your Spanish comprehension and expressive capabilities. It is a regular -ar verb, making its conjugation straightforward across all tenses, which encourages frequent use among learners and native speakers alike. Whether you are leaning a book against a lamp, backing a friend's ambitious startup, or endorsing a local politician, this single verb covers an immense amount of communicative ground.

Using apoyar correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical structures, particularly its use as a transitive verb and its pronominal form, apoyarse. As a transitive verb, it requires a direct object—the thing or person receiving the support. When the direct object is a person, Spanish grammar dictates the use of the 'personal a'. For instance, you say 'apoyo la idea' (I support the idea) without the 'a' because 'idea' is an inanimate object. However, you must say 'apoyo a mi madre' (I support my mother) because 'madre' is a person. This distinction is vital for sounding natural and grammatically correct. Furthermore, the verb can be used reflexively or pronominally as apoyarse, which translates to 'to lean on' or 'to rely on'. This form is followed by the preposition 'en'. For example, 'Me apoyo en mis amigos' means 'I lean on my friends' or 'I rely on my friends'. This pronominal usage is incredibly common in both physical and emotional contexts. You can physically lean on a cane ('apoyarse en un bastón') or emotionally lean on your faith ('apoyarse en la fe'). Let us examine these structural variations through detailed examples and breakdowns.

Transitive Usage (Inanimate): Used directly with an object without a preposition. Example: Apoyar una causa (To support a cause).

El gobierno decidió apoyar la iniciativa ciudadana.

Transitive Usage (Personal 'a'): When supporting a person or a pet, the preposition 'a' must precede the object.

Siempre voy a apoyar a mi equipo favorito, pase lo que pase.

Pronominal Usage (Apoyarse en): Used to indicate leaning on or relying on someone or something. Requires reflexive pronouns and the preposition 'en'.

El anciano tuvo que apoyarse en la pared para no caer.

Puedes apoyarte en mí si necesitas hablar de tus problemas.

El argumento principal se apoya en estudios científicos recientes.

By mastering these three primary structures—transitive inanimate, transitive with personal 'a', and pronominal with 'en'—you will be able to navigate almost any situation requiring the concept of support. Practice creating sentences in different tenses to build muscle memory for these patterns. Remember that as a regular verb, its conjugation follows the standard -ar endings (apoyo, apoyas, apoya, apoyamos, apoyan), making it highly accessible even for beginners.

The verb apoyar is ubiquitous in the Spanish-speaking world, permeating various spheres of daily life, professional environments, and media. Because the concept of support is so universal, you will encounter this word in almost every context imaginable. In everyday conversation, it is frequently used among friends and family to express solidarity and care. When someone is facing a tough exam, a job interview, or a personal crisis, hearing 'te apoyo' (I support you) is a standard expression of comfort. In the realm of sports, which holds massive cultural significance in Spanish-speaking countries, fans use this verb constantly to declare their allegiance to a team or an athlete. You will hear chants, read articles, and see social media posts talking about 'apoyar al equipo' (supporting the team). Moving into more formal territories, the political and civic arenas rely heavily on this vocabulary. Politicians ask citizens to support their campaigns ('apoyar la campaña'), and news anchors discuss which demographics are supporting which policies. In the business and tech worlds, the word takes on a slightly different flavor. A company might support a charity, or an investor might back a startup. Interestingly, in the context of technology, while English uses 'support' for technical compatibility (e.g., 'This browser supports HTML5'), Spanish sometimes uses 'soportar' or 'ser compatible con', though 'apoyar' is occasionally seen in translated texts, albeit less naturally. Let us look at specific environments where this word shines.

Interpersonal Relationships: Used to express emotional backing, friendship, and family solidarity during both good and bad times.

Gracias por apoyar a mi familia durante el funeral.

Sports and Entertainment: Cheering for a team, voting for a contestant on a reality show, or buying tickets to back an artist.

Toda la ciudad salió a apoyar a la selección nacional.

Politics and Activism: Endorsing candidates, signing petitions, attending protests, or voting for specific legislation.

Los sindicatos decidieron apoyar la huelga general de trabajadores.

Por favor, no olvides apoyar mi canal dándole a me gusta.

La fundación busca apoyar a jóvenes emprendedores sin recursos.

By paying attention to these diverse contexts, you will quickly realize that 'apoyar' is not just a vocabulary word to memorize, but a key cultural concept that facilitates connection, agreement, and physical description in the Spanish language. Whether you are reading a high-brow newspaper editorial or chatting with a neighbor, this word will undoubtedly make an appearance.

When learning the verb apoyar, English speakers frequently encounter a few specific pitfalls that can lead to confusion or awkward phrasing. The most notorious of these is the false friend phenomenon involving the Spanish verb soportar. Because 'soportar' looks and sounds incredibly similar to the English word 'support', learners instinctively use it when they want to say 'I support you'. However, in Spanish, soportar primarily means 'to tolerate', 'to put up with', or 'to bear' (especially something unpleasant). If you tell a friend 'Te soporto' when they are sad, you are not telling them 'I support you'; you are telling them 'I tolerate you' or 'I put up with you', which can be highly offensive! The correct phrase is, of course, 'Te apoyo'. Another common mistake involves financial support. In English, we say 'He supports his family' meaning he provides for them financially. While 'apoyar económicamente' is understood, the more natural and precise verb for providing the basic necessities of life is mantener. So, 'Él mantiene a su familia' is the standard translation. Furthermore, learners often forget the personal 'a' when the direct object is a person. Saying 'Apoyo mi hermano' is grammatically incorrect; it must be 'Apoyo a mi hermano'. Finally, the reflexive usage 'apoyarse en' (to lean on) is sometimes mistakenly translated using 'sobre' instead of 'en', or learners forget the reflexive pronoun entirely. Let's break down these errors to ensure you avoid them.

The False Friend: Soportar: Never use 'soportar' to mean emotional backing. Use 'apoyar'. Soportar means to tolerate.

Incorrecto: Yo soporto a mi amigo. / Correcto: Yo voy a apoyar a mi amigo.

Financial Provision: Mantener: Use 'mantener' for paying living expenses, not 'apoyar', unless specifying 'apoyo financiero' for a project.

Para apoyar el proyecto, necesitamos fondos, pero él mantiene a su familia.

Missing the Personal 'a': Always include the preposition 'a' when the entity being supported is a person or a beloved animal.

Es fundamental apoyar a los estudiantes durante los exámenes finales.

No te olvides de apoyar la cabeza en la almohada ortopédica.

Ella prefiere apoyarse en sus propias habilidades que pedir ayuda.

By keeping these common pitfalls in mind, you will speak much more naturally. The distinction between 'apoyar', 'soportar', and 'mantener' is a classic milestone in Spanish language acquisition. Once you master these differences, your Spanish will sound significantly more native and precise.

Expanding your vocabulary beyond apoyar allows for more precise and varied expression. While 'apoyar' is an excellent, all-purpose verb, Spanish offers several synonyms that carry slightly different nuances depending on the context. One of the most common synonyms is respaldar. This verb literally means 'to back' (from 'espalda', meaning back). It is frequently used in formal, political, or financial contexts to indicate strong endorsement or guarantee. For example, a bank might 'respaldar' a loan, or a president might 'respaldar' a minister. Another important synonym is sostener, which translates to 'to hold up' or 'to sustain'. While it can mean to physically hold something, in abstract terms, it means to maintain an argument or a position (e.g., 'sostener una teoría'). The verb ayudar (to help) is also closely related, though it is more general; you can help someone without necessarily supporting their underlying cause, but the two often overlap in daily use. Secundar is used when you second a motion or follow someone's lead in an initiative. Favorecer means to favor or to work to the advantage of someone or something. Let's explore these synonyms to understand when to use them instead of our main vocabulary word.

Respaldar: To back or endorse, often used in formal, financial, or political contexts to show institutional or strong personal backing.

El director decidió respaldar la decisión del comité ejecutivo.

Sostener: To hold up, sustain, or maintain. Used for physical holding or maintaining an argument or claim over time.

El científico va a sostener su hipótesis frente al jurado.

Ayudar: To help or assist. A broader term that encompasses any form of aid, not necessarily implying ideological agreement.

Siempre es bueno ayudar a los vecinos cuando lo necesitan.

El senador prometió secundar la moción en el congreso.

Las nuevas políticas van a favorecer el desarrollo económico local.

Understanding these nuances allows you to choose the exact right word for the situation. While 'apoyar' will rarely be incorrect in these contexts, using 'respaldar' in a business meeting or 'sostener' in an academic debate demonstrates a higher level of fluency and a deeper command of the Spanish language's rich vocabulary.

How Formal Is It?

難易度

知っておくべき文法

The Personal 'A' (Apoyar a Juan)

Direct Object Pronouns (Lo apoyo, La apoyo)

Reflexive/Pronominal Verbs (Apoyarse en)

Verbs of Influence triggering Subjunctive (Quiero que me apoyes)

Prepositions with verbs (Apoyarse + en)

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レベル別の例文

Yo apoyo a mi amigo.

I support my friend.

Uses the personal 'a' because the direct object is a person.

Él apoya el libro en la mesa.

He rests the book on the table.

Regular present tense conjugation for 'él'.

Nosotros apoyamos al equipo.

We support the team.

'a' + 'el' combines to form the contraction 'al'.

¿Tú apoyas esta idea?

Do you support this idea?

Used here to mean agreement with a concept.

Ellos apoyan a su familia.

They support their family.

Emotional support, using personal 'a'.

Apoya tu cabeza aquí.

Rest your head here.

Imperative (command) form for 'tú'.

La madre apoya a su hijo.

The mother supports her son.

Third person singular present tense.

Yo siempre te apoyo.

I always support you.

Uses the direct object pronoun 'te' before the conjugated verb.

Ayer apoyé a mi hermana en el hospital.

Yesterday I supported my sister in the hospital.

Preterite tense for a completed past action.

No te apoyes en la pared, está sucia.

Don't lean on the wall, it's dirty.

Negative imperative with the reflexive pronoun 'te'.

Mis padres me apoyaban cuando era niño.

My parents used to support me when I was a child.

Imperfect tense for an ongoing past action.

Vamos a apoyar el nuevo proyecto de la escuela.

We are going to support the school's new project.

'Ir a + infinitive' to express future plans.

Ella se apoyó en el bastón para caminar.

She leaned on the cane to walk.

Pronominal use 'apoyarse en' in the preterite.

¿Por qué no apoyas mi decisión?

Why don't you support my decision?

Question structure in the present tense.

El profesor apoya a los estudiantes con problemas.

The teacher supports students with problems.

Personal 'a' used with a plural direct object.

Necesito apoyar la escalera antes de subir.

I need to lean the ladder before climbing.

Infinitive used after the conjugated verb 'necesito'.

Espero que mis amigos me apoyen en este momento difícil.

I hope my friends support me in this difficult time.

Requires the present subjunctive 'apoyen' after 'espero que'.

El alcalde pidió que los ciudadanos apoyaran la iniciativa.

The mayor asked that the citizens support the initiative.

Imperfect subjunctive 'apoyaran' used after a past tense request.

Me apoyo mucho en la música para relajarme.

I rely a lot on music to relax.

Metaphorical use of 'apoyarse en' meaning to rely on.

Si me apoyas, podré terminar el trabajo a tiempo.

If you support me, I will be able to finish the work on time.

First conditional sentence structure (Si + present, future).

La organización busca voluntarios para apoyar la causa.

The organization is looking for volunteers to support the cause.

Infinitive used to express purpose (para + infinitive).

Nunca he apoyado ese tipo de comportamiento.

I have never supported that kind of behavior.

Present perfect tense using 'he apoyado'.

Estaban apoyando la huelga cuando llegó la policía.

They were supporting the strike when the police arrived.

Past continuous tense (estaban + gerund).

Es importante apoyar el comercio local.

It is important to support local business.

Impersonal expression 'Es importante' followed by the infinitive.

Si tuviera los recursos, apoyaría financieramente tu empresa.

If I had the resources, I would financially support your company.

Second conditional using imperfect subjunctive and conditional 'apoyaría'.

El informe se apoya en datos estadísticos muy recientes.

The report is supported by very recent statistical data.

'Apoyarse en' used in an academic/professional context to mean 'based on'.

La propuesta de ley fue apoyada por la mayoría del parlamento.

The proposed law was supported by the majority of the parliament.

Passive voice construction (fue + past participle).

Me habría gustado que me apoyaras durante la reunión.

I would have liked for you to support me during the meeting.

Conditional perfect followed by imperfect subjunctive 'apoyaras'.

Es fundamental que la sociedad apoye la investigación científica.

It is fundamental that society supports scientific research.

Subjunctive triggered by 'Es fundamental que'.

Habiendo apoyado la moción, no podía retractarse después.

Having supported the motion, he couldn't take it back later.

Perfect gerund 'Habiendo apoyado' to show a completed prior action.

La estructura está diseñada para apoyar toneladas de peso.

The structure is designed to support tons of weight.

Physical support in an engineering context.

A pesar de las críticas, siguió apoyando a su candidato.

Despite the criticism, he continued supporting his candidate.

Verb 'seguir' + gerund 'apoyando' to indicate continuation.

Su argumentación se apoya en premisas filosóficas cuestionables.

His argumentation rests on questionable philosophical premises.

Advanced metaphorical use of 'apoyarse en' for logical structures.

El gobierno se ha comprometido a apoyar incondicionalmente a los afectados.

The government has committed to unconditionally supporting those affected.

Use of adverbs like 'incondicionalmente' to modify the verb.

De haber sabido la verdad, jamás habría apoyado semejante atrocidad.

Had I known the truth, I would never have supported such an atrocity.

Third conditional using 'De haber sabido' and conditional perfect.

Es imperativo que las instituciones apoyen el desarrollo sostenible.

It is imperative that institutions support sustainable development.

Formal register using 'Es imperativo que' + subjunctive.

El pilar central apoya toda la bóveda de la catedral.

The central pillar supports the entire vault of the cathedral.

Architectural vocabulary integrated with the verb.

Se requiere un líder que apoye y fomente la innovación tecnológica.

A leader who supports and promotes technological innovation is required.

Subjunctive used in an adjective clause describing an unknown antecedent.

Lejos de oponerse, terminaron apoyando tácitamente la resolución.

Far from opposing it, they ended up tacitly supporting the resolution.

'Terminar' + gerund to express the final outcome of a process.

El éxito de la campaña se apoyó enteramente en el voluntariado.

The campaign's success relied entirely on volunteering.

Preterite of 'apoyarse' to indicate the foundation of a past success.

El andamiaje teórico de su tesis se apoya en la fenomenología de Husserl.

The theoretical scaffolding of his thesis rests on Husserl's phenomenology.

Highly academic register using 'andamiaje' and 'apoyarse en'.

Resulta inaudito que sectores progresistas apoyen medidas tan reaccionarias.

It is unheard of that progressive sectors would support such reactionary measures.

Complex syntax with value judgment triggering the subjunctive.

Apoyado en el quicio de la puerta, observaba el deambular de la multitud.

Leaning against the doorframe, he watched the wandering of the crowd.

Past participle 'Apoyado' used as an adjective phrase to set a literary scene.

La diplomacia internacional acordó apoyar logísticamente el despliegue de paz.

International diplomacy agreed to logistically support the peace deployment.

Diplomatic jargon combined with adverbial modification.

Ni aun viéndose acorralado dejó de apoyar a sus acólitos.

Not even finding himself cornered did he stop supporting his acolytes.

Literary construction using 'Ni aun' + gerund and 'dejar de' + infinitive.

El tratado fue suscrito por las naciones firmantes para apoyar el libre comercio.

The treaty was signed by the signatory nations to support free trade.

Legal/formal register with passive voice and specific terminology.

Se apoyó en su vasta erudición para desarticular los argumentos del oponente.

He relied on his vast erudition to dismantle the opponent's arguments.

Sophisticated vocabulary ('erudición', 'desarticular') surrounding the verb.

Es menester que el estado apoye irrestrictamente las artes y las letras.

It is necessary that the state unrestrictedly support the arts and letters.

Archaic/highly formal 'Es menester' triggering the subjunctive.

よく使う組み合わせ

apoyar incondicionalmente

apoyar una propuesta

apoyar un candidato

apoyar financieramente

apoyar la cabeza

apoyar firmemente

apoyar una causa

apoyarse mutuamente

apoyar el peso

apoyar logísticamente

よく使うフレーズ

Te apoyo al cien por ciento.

Cuenta con mi apoyo.

Apoyar el hombro.

Apoyarse en alguien.

Apoyar la moción.

Apoyar desde la barrera.

Apoyar con firmeza.

Apoyar la espalda.

Apoyar moralmente.

Apoyar a muerte.

よく混同される語

apoyar vs soportar (to tolerate)

apoyar vs mantener (to support financially)

apoyar vs aportar (to contribute)

慣用句と表現

"Arrrimar el hombro (idiomatic equivalent of supporting a task)"

"Estar a favor de (idiomatic way to express support)"

"Dar el visto bueno (to support/approve)"

"Estar del lado de (to be on someone's side/support)"

"Hacer piña (to stick together/support each other)"

"Dar la cara por alguien (to stand up/support someone)"

"Echar un cable (to lend a hand/support)"

"Estar a muerte con alguien (to support someone to the death)"

"Poner las manos en el fuego por alguien (to vouch for/support)"

"Ser el puntal de (to be the main support of)"

間違えやすい

apoyar vs

文型パターン

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使い方

note

While 'apoyar' is the standard translation for 'support', always verify the context. If the context is financial provision for a family, use 'mantener'. If the context is technical compatibility, use 'ser compatible con' or 'soportar' (in IT contexts only).

よくある間違い

Using 'soportar' instead of 'apoyar' to mean emotional support.
Forgetting the personal 'a' when the object is a person (e.g., saying 'Apoyo mi amigo').
Using 'apoyar' instead of 'mantener' to mean providing financially for a family.
Using the preposition 'sobre' instead of 'en' with the reflexive form (e.g., saying 'Me apoyo sobre ti' instead of 'Me apoyo en ti').
Confusing the noun 'el apoyo' with the first-person verb conjugation 'yo apoyo' in written texts.

ヒント

The Personal A

Never forget the personal 'a' when supporting a person. 'Apoyo a mi hermano' is correct. 'Apoyo mi hermano' is wrong.

False Friend Alert

Erase 'soportar' from your mind when you want to say 'support'. Use 'apoyar' for support and 'soportar' for tolerate.

Financial Support

If you are talking about paying the bills for your household, use 'mantener', not 'apoyar'.

Reflexive Preposition

When using the reflexive 'apoyarse' (to lean on), always follow it with the preposition 'en', not 'sobre'.

Expressing Agreement

In a meeting, saying 'Apoyo la moción' (I support the motion) is a great way to formally agree with a proposal.

Noun Recognition

Listen for 'el apoyo' (the support). It is used constantly in news and daily conversation. 'Sin tu apoyo...' (Without your support...).

Academic Writing

Use 'se apoya en' to translate 'is based on' or 'is supported by' when discussing data or literature in essays.

Level Up Vocabulary

Swap 'apoyar' for 'respaldar' in your formal writing to instantly sound more advanced and professional.

Sports Culture

Knowing how to say 'apoyo a [equipo]' is essential for small talk in many Spanish-speaking countries where sports are huge.

Arrrimar el hombro

Learn the idiom 'arrimar el hombro' (literally: to bring the shoulder close). It means to pitch in and support a group effort.

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記憶術

Imagine a POYA (pole) that you use to SUPPORT a tent. A-POY-AR means to support.

語源

Derived from the Latin word 'podiare', which means to elevate or place on a podium (podium).

文化的な背景

In Spain, 'apoyar' is heavily used in political discourse and sports (apoyar a La Roja).

In Latin America, 'apoyar' is deeply tied to family structures and community mutual aid.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

会話のきっかけ

"¿A qué equipo de fútbol apoyas?"

"¿Crees que es importante apoyar los negocios locales?"

"¿En quién te apoyas cuando tienes un problema?"

"¿Apoyas la nueva ley del gobierno?"

"¿Cómo podemos apoyar más a nuestra comunidad?"

日記のテーマ

Escribe sobre una vez que alguien te apoyó en un momento difícil.

¿Qué causas sociales apoyas y por qué?

Describe a la persona en la que más te apoyas en tu vida.

¿Alguna vez has dejado de apoyar a un amigo? ¿Por qué?

¿Cómo apoyas tú a tu familia?

よくある質問

10 問

No. This is a very common mistake. To tolerate or put up with something is 'soportar'. 'Apoyar' means to back, endorse, or help someone emotionally or physically.

While you can say 'apoyo económicamente a mi familia', the much more natural and common verb for providing the necessities of life is 'mantener'. 'Yo mantengo a mi familia'.

Yes, if the direct object is a person or a beloved pet, you must use the personal 'a' (e.g., Apoyo a mi madre). If it is a thing or idea, you do not use 'a' (e.g., Apoyo la idea).

When used reflexively with the preposition 'en', it means 'to lean on' or 'to rely on'. You can physically lean on a wall (apoyarse en la pared) or emotionally rely on a friend (apoyarse en un amigo).

Yes, it is completely regular in all tenses. It follows the standard -ar conjugation rules (apoyo, apoyas, apoya, apoyamos, apoyan).

Absolutely. It is the most common verb used to express that you are a fan of or are cheering for a specific sports team (e.g., Apoyo al Real Madrid).

The noun form is 'el apoyo', which means 'the support'. For example, 'Gracias por tu apoyo' means 'Thank you for your support'.

Yes. Its original meaning is physical. You can say 'apoya el vaso en la mesa' (rest the glass on the table) or 'apoyar la escalera' (lean the ladder).

Yes, 'respaldar' is an excellent synonym that sounds slightly more formal and is often used in business, politics, and academic writing to mean 'to endorse' or 'to back'.

The pronunciation of 'y' varies by region. In most of Spain and Latin America, it sounds like the English 'y' in 'yes' or a soft 'j'. In Argentina and Uruguay, it sounds like 'sh' or the 's' in 'measure'.

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