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B2 adverb 9分で読める

به طور معتبر

be tor-e motabar
例文 メモとヒント به طور معتبر 30秒で
解説 به طور معتبر in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'به طور معتبر' (be tor-e mo'tabar) is a very advanced phrase that you won't usually need. However, you can think of it as a special way to say 'in a real or good way.' Imagine you have a 'real' passport or a 'real' ticket. When something is 'mo'tabar,' it means it is not fake. It is official. You might see this word on a website or a sign in a bank. If you see 'mo'tabar,' think: 'This is official and okay to use.' For now, just remember that 'mo'tabar' means 'valid' or 'real' in a serious way. You don't need to use it in your daily talking yet, but knowing it will help you understand official signs in Iran.
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At the A2 level, you are starting to see more compound words. 'به طور معتبر' is an adverbial phrase. 'به طور' means 'in a way,' and 'معتبر' means 'valid' or 'reliable.' You might use this when talking about documents, like a driver's license or a student ID. If someone asks, 'Is this ID okay?' you can say 'Yes, it is mo'tabar.' If you want to say it was 'validly' checked, you use the whole phrase 'be tor-e mo'tabar.' It is mostly used in formal situations. Try to recognize it when you read news headlines or official emails. It’s a step up from just saying 'dorost' (correct) or 'khoob' (good).
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At the B1 level, you should begin to use 'به طور معتبر' in your writing, especially if you are writing a formal letter or an essay. This phrase helps you sound more professional. It specifically means that an action was done according to the rules or standards. For example, if you are talking about a scientific fact, you could say it was 'validly proven.' In Persian: 'به طور معتبر اثبات شده است.' You should also understand the difference between this and 'ghanuni' (legal). Something can be 'mo'tabar' (valid) because it follows the rules of a game or a school, not just the laws of a country. Focus on using it to describe how information is verified.
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At the B2 level, you are expected to understand the nuance of 'به طور معتبر.' This phrase is essential for discussing legal, academic, and professional topics. It implies that a process has been followed that grants legitimacy to the result. You should be able to use it in complex sentences, such as 'The results of the election were validly announced' or 'The user's identity must be validly confirmed before the transaction.' You should also be comfortable with its placement in a sentence—usually before the verb. At this level, you can also start using synonyms like 'rasman' (officially) or 'mostanad' (documented) to vary your vocabulary depending on the context of the validity.
At the C1 level, 'به طور معتبر' should be a natural part of your high-register vocabulary. You should understand its epistemological and judicial implications. For instance, in a legal debate, you might use it to distinguish between a 'procedural validity' and a 'substantive truth.' You will encounter it in complex texts about sociology, law, and philosophy. You should also be aware of how it interacts with other formal Persian structures, like the use of the passive voice or complex prepositions. At this level, you can use it to critique arguments, noting if they have been 'validly constructed' (به طور معتبر ساخته شده‌اند) or if the evidence has been 'validly sourced.'
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At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of 'به طور معتبر.' You can use it to navigate the most complex bureaucratic or legal environments in Iran. You understand the subtle differences between this phrase and its Arabic-rooted counterparts like 'به نحو اصولی' or 'مطابق موازین.' You can use it in forensic linguistic contexts or when drafting high-level contracts and academic papers. You recognize its use in classical-leaning modern prose where 'validity' is tied to 'credit' (e'tebar) and social standing. Your usage reflects an understanding that 'be tor-e mo'tabar' is not just about being 'valid,' but about the entire system of trust and verification that underpins Persian institutional life.
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例文 メモとヒント

به طور معتبر 30秒で

  • A formal adverb meaning 'validly' or 'officially'.
  • Essential for legal, academic, and administrative Persian.
  • Implies that standards and rules have been followed.
  • Distinguishes official acts from informal or invalid ones.

The Persian adverbial phrase به طور معتبر (be tor-e mo'tabar) is a sophisticated construction used to describe actions performed in a way that is legally, formally, or logically valid. At its core, it combines the prepositional phrase 'به طور' (in the manner of) with the adjective 'معتبر' (valid, credible, or reliable). In English, we often translate this as 'validly,' 'authoritatively,' or 'in a valid manner.' This term is a staple of formal Persian, particularly in the realms of law, academia, and administration. When you hear this phrase, it implies that the action has met all necessary criteria, standards, or legal requirements to be recognized as legitimate. For example, if a document is signed be tor-e mo'tabar, it means the signature isn't just a scribble, but a legally binding act performed by an authorized person under the right conditions.

Linguistic Root
The word 'معتبر' comes from the Arabic root 'ع-ب-ر' (I-B-R), which relates to crossing over or passing through. In the form of 'I'tibār' (اعتبار), it evolved to mean 'taking into account' or 'giving weight to,' eventually leading to the concept of 'credit' and 'validity.' In Persian, adding 'به طور' transforms this quality into a manner of action.

این قرارداد به طور معتبر توسط هر دو طرف امضا شده است.

Translation: This contract has been validly signed by both parties.

In everyday social contexts, you might not hear this phrase during a casual dinner conversation. It is a 'high-register' term. However, in any situation involving bureaucracy—such as applying for a visa, dealing with university transcripts, or reviewing medical certifications—it becomes essential. It differentiates between something that is merely 'done' and something that is 'officially recognized.' For an English speaker, think of the difference between saying 'he said it' and 'he stated it authoritatively.' The latter carries the weight of mo'tabar. It suggests a foundation of truth and institutional backing. Furthermore, in the digital age, this phrase is increasingly used in IT and data science contexts in Iran to describe data that has been validated or authenticated through proper protocols.

Synonym Usage
While 'قانونی' (legally) is a close neighbor, 'به طور معتبر' is broader. It covers not just what the law says, but what logic and standards dictate. A scientific experiment can be 'validly' conducted without necessarily being a 'legal' matter.

نتایج تحقیق باید به طور معتبر تایید شوند.

Translation: The research results must be validly confirmed.

Using به طور معتبر requires an understanding of Persian adverbial placement. Adverbs in Persian are quite flexible, but for formal phrases like this, they typically precede the verb or the participle they modify. Because 'به طور معتبر' is a compound adverbial phrase, it functions as a single unit within the sentence. It is most commonly found in passive constructions (e.g., 'was validly performed') or following a subject that is acting in an official capacity. It is important to note the 'ezafe' (the short 'e' sound) connecting 'طور' and 'معتبر', which is essential for the phrase to be grammatically correct: be tor-e mo'tabar.

Sentence Structure
Subject + [به طور معتبر] + Verb/Adjective. Example: این مدرک به طور معتبر صادر شده است (This document has been validly issued).

شما باید هویت خود را به طور معتبر اثبات کنید.

Translation: You must validly prove your identity.

One nuanced way to use this phrase is in the negative: be tor-e namo'tabar (invalidly). However, more often, speakers will use the positive form and negate the verb to emphasize the lack of validity. For instance, 'این سند به طور معتبر تایید نشده است' (This document has not been validly confirmed). This emphasizes that while an attempt at confirmation might have been made, it failed the standards of validity. In academic writing, you will see this phrase used to describe methodologies. 'The data was validly collected' (داده‌ها به طور معتبر جمع‌آوری شدند) signals to the reader that the researcher followed rigorous, peer-approved steps. For English learners, think of this phrase as a tool to add 'weight' to your Persian. Instead of saying something is 'good' or 'right,' using 'be tor-e mo'tabar' shows you understand the importance of standards and verification.

آیا این وب‌سایت به طور معتبر فعالیت می‌کند؟

Translation: Does this website operate validly/legitimately?
Formal vs. Informal
In informal speech, people might just say 'درست' (correctly) or 'قانونی' (legally). 'به طور معتبر' is strictly for when you want to sound professional, precise, or technical.

The most common environment for به طور معتبر is within the Iranian legal system and administrative bureaucracy. When a lawyer is presenting a case, they will argue that evidence was 'validly obtained' or that a witness was 'validly summoned.' In news broadcasts (especially on channels like IRIB), you will hear news anchors using it when discussing international treaties, diplomatic agreements, or health regulations. For example, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the phrase was frequently used to describe vaccines that were 'validly tested and approved' by the Ministry of Health. This usage reinforces the idea that the state or a high authority has given its seal of approval.

گزارش‌ها نشان می‌دهند که انتخابات به طور معتبر برگزار شده است.

Translation: Reports show that the election was held validly.

Another sphere where this phrase is ubiquitous is in banking and finance. If you are opening a bank account in Iran or dealing with a 'Saman' or 'Mellat' bank transaction, the terms and conditions will often use 'به طور معتبر' to describe how identities must be verified or how powers of attorney must be presented. In the world of Persian-language scholarship, researchers use it in their 'Methodology' sections. If a survey was distributed to a representative sample, the researcher might state that the data represents the population 'validly.' This signals academic rigor. You might also encounter it in technical manuals—for instance, a software manual explaining how to 'validly activate' a license key.

Domain: Digital Security
In Persian tech blogs (like Digiato or Zoomit), you'll see this regarding SSL certificates or two-factor authentication. 'The user was validly authenticated' translates to 'کاربر به طور معتبر احراز هویت شد.'

این گواهی به طور معتبر توسط مرجع صدور تایید شده است.

Translation: This certificate has been validly confirmed by the issuing authority.

One of the most frequent errors for learners is confusing به طور معتبر with be tor-e dorost (correctly). While something that is valid is often correct, the reverse isn't always true. 'Dorost' is about accuracy or being right in a general sense, while 'be tor-e mo'tabar' is specifically about meeting formal standards or having authority. For instance, you can solve a math problem 'dorost' (correctly), but you wouldn't say you solved it 'mo'tabar' unless the method itself was officially recognized as the only valid way in a formal context. Another mistake is forgetting the 'ezafe' link. Saying 'be tor mo'tabar' without the 'e' sound at the end of 'tor' sounds jarring and uneducated to native speakers.

Mistake 1: Confusing with 'Reliably'
Learners often use 'به طور معتبر' when they mean 'به طور قابل اعتماد' (reliably). While a valid source is usually reliable, 'mo'tabar' focuses on the status/validity, while 'ghabel-e e'temad' focuses on the trust you can place in it.

Wrong: او به طور معتبر به من قول داد. (He validly promised me.)
Right: او صادقانه به من قول داد. (He sincerely promised me.)

A third common pitfall is overusing the phrase in informal contexts. If you tell a friend, 'I validly bought this bread,' it will sound incredibly strange and overly legalistic. In such cases, simply saying 'از یک جای معتبر خریدم' (I bought it from a valid/reputable place) is much more natural. This highlights the importance of register. 'به طور معتبر' is an adverbial phrase that belongs in writing, speeches, and formal discussions. Finally, ensure you don't confuse 'معتبر' (mo'tabar) with 'اعتباری' (e'tebari). 'E'tebari' usually refers to 'credit' in a financial sense (like a credit card) or something that is 'nominal' or 'based on credit,' whereas 'mo'tabar' is the quality of being valid itself.

Mistake 2: Word Order
Do not place 'be tor-e mo'tabar' after the verb. In Persian, adverbs almost always come before the verb they modify.

Persian is a language rich in synonyms, and depending on the context, you might want to swap به طور معتبر for something more specific. The most common alternative is به طور قانونی (be tor-e ghanuni), which means 'legally.' While 'mo'tabar' implies validity (which could be logical or social), 'ghanuni' specifically implies the backing of the law. Another close relative is رسماً (rasman), meaning 'officially.' If a meeting is 'rasman' opened, it has officially begun. If it is 'be tor-e mo'tabar' opened, it means all the procedural requirements for a valid opening were met. The difference is subtle but important in high-level Persian.

Comparison: Mo'tabar vs. Sanad-dar
'Sanad-dar' (documented) is more literal. Use 'be tor-e mo'tabar' when discussing the *quality* of the action, and 'ba madrak' (with evidence) when discussing the *tools* used.

او رسماً استعفا داد، اما استعفایش به طور معتبر پذیرفته نشد.

Translation: He officially resigned, but his resignation was not validly accepted.

In academic contexts, you might see به گونه‌ای مستند (be gune-i mostanad), which means 'in a documented/evidenced manner.' This is a great alternative when you want to emphasize that the validity comes from supporting documents. For something that is valid because it is 'true' or 'correct,' you might use به طور صحیح (be tor-e sahih). Lastly, in very formal or archaic Persian, you might encounter به نحو مقتضی (be nahv-e moghtazi), which means 'in an appropriate/requisite manner,' often implying validity through proper procedure. Understanding these nuances allows you to tailor your Persian to the specific type of 'validity' you are trying to convey, whether it's legal, official, documented, or simply correct.

Table of Alternatives
1. قانونی (Legal) | 2. موجه (Justified) | 3. معقول (Reasonable) | 4. مستدل (Reasoned/Evidenced).

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The word 'E'tebar' is also the word for 'Credit' in banking. So, if you have a high 'E'tebar', you are both valid as a person and have a good credit score!

発音ガイド

UK /be toɾe moʔtæbæɾ/
US /be toɾe moʊtæbæɾ/
The stress falls on the final syllable of the adjective: 'mo-ta-BAR'.
韻が合う語
مستمر (mostamar) منتشر (montashar) مختصر (mokhtasar) دربه‌در (dar-be-dar) سفر (safar) خبر (khabar) اثر (asar) خطر (khatar)
よくある間違い
  • Omitting the ezafe: saying 'be tor mo'tabar' instead of 'be tor-e mo'tabar'.
  • Pronouncing 'mo'tabar' as 'mo-ta-beer'.
  • Misplacing the stress on 'be'.
  • Pronouncing the 'q' sound (ayn) in the middle of mo'tabar as a hard 'g'. It should be a slight glottal stop or a lengthening of the vowel.
  • Combining it into one word.

難易度

読解 7/5

Requires understanding of 'ezafe' and formal vocabulary.

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レベル別の例文

1

این کارت معتبر است.

This card is valid.

Simple adjective use.

2

آیا این بلیت به طور معتبر صادر شده؟

Was this ticket validly issued?

Intro to the adverbial phrase.

3

او یک مدرک معتبر دارد.

He has a valid document.

Adjective modifying a noun.

4

این سایت معتبر نیست.

This site is not valid/reliable.

Negative form.

5

باید به طور معتبر امضا کنید.

You must sign validly.

Imperative with adverb.

6

اطلاعات باید معتبر باشد.

Information must be valid.

Subjunctive mood.

7

این یک نام معتبر است.

This is a valid name.

Simple sentence.

8

گذرنامه شما معتبر است.

Your passport is valid.

Possessive + adjective.

1

گزارش به طور معتبر تهیه شد.

The report was validly prepared.

Passive voice.

2

او به طور معتبر در شرکت کار می‌کند.

He works validly (legitimately) in the company.

Adverb modifying a verb.

3

آیا این پول به طور معتبر چاپ شده؟

Was this money validly printed?

Question with adverb.

4

ما باید به طور معتبر ثبت‌نام کنیم.

We must register validly.

Modal verb 'must'.

5

این نامه به طور معتبر ارسال شد.

This letter was validly sent.

Past tense passive.

6

او مدرک خود را به طور معتبر نشان داد.

He showed his degree validly.

Simple past.

7

همه چیز به طور معتبر انجام شد.

Everything was done validly.

Subject 'همه چیز'.

8

این وب‌سایت به طور معتبر ثبت شده است.

This website is validly registered.

Present perfect passive.

1

نتایج آزمایش به طور معتبر تایید شدند.

The test results were validly confirmed.

Plural subject with passive verb.

2

او توانست به طور معتبر ادعای خود را ثابت کند.

He was able to validly prove his claim.

Compound verb 'ثابت کردن'.

3

قرارداد باید به طور معتبر تنظیم شود.

The contract must be validly drafted.

Passive subjunctive.

4

این منبع به طور معتبر در مقاله ذکر شده است.

This source is validly cited in the article.

Academic context.

5

هویت او به طور معتبر احراز شد.

His identity was validly authenticated.

Technical terminology.

6

آیا این قانون به طور معتبر اجرا می‌شود؟

Is this law being validly enforced?

Present continuous passive.

7

اطلاعات به طور معتبر طبقه‌بندی شده‌اند.

The information has been validly classified.

Present perfect.

8

او به طور معتبر به عنوان مدیر انتخاب شد.

He was validly elected as the manager.

Passive election context.

1

پژوهشگر داده‌ها را به طور معتبر تحلیل کرد.

The researcher validly analyzed the data.

Active voice with complex object.

2

این سند تنها در صورتی که به طور معتبر امضا شود، ارزش دارد.

This document is valuable only if it is validly signed.

Conditional sentence.

3

مجوز فعالیت شرکت به طور معتبر تمدید گشت.

The company's operating license was validly renewed.

Formal verb 'گشت' instead of 'شد'.

4

او به طور معتبر از حقوق خود دفاع کرد.

He validly defended his rights.

Prepositional phrase 'از حقوق خود'.

5

فرآیند رای‌گیری به طور معتبر نظارت شد.

The voting process was validly monitored.

Administrative context.

6

مقاله باید به طور معتبر داوری شود.

The article must be validly peer-reviewed.

Academic passive.

7

تغییرات در سیستم به طور معتبر اعمال شدند.

The changes were validly applied to the system.

IT context.

8

او به طور معتبر به سوالات پاسخ داد.

He validly (authoritatively) answered the questions.

Adverb modifying 'پاسخ داد'.

1

استدلال‌های وی به طور معتبر در دادگاه ارائه گردید.

His arguments were validly presented in court.

Very formal 'گردید' and plural 'استدلال‌ها'.

2

این نظریه به طور معتبر در مجامع علمی پذیرفته شده است.

This theory has been validly accepted in scientific circles.

Complex noun phrase 'مجامع علمی'.

3

پروتکل‌های امنیتی به طور معتبر پیاده‌سازی شده‌اند.

Security protocols have been validly implemented.

Technical/Formal.

4

او به طور معتبر به عنوان نماینده تام‌الاختیار منصوب شد.

He was validly appointed as the plenipotentiary representative.

High-level administrative term.

5

یافته‌های باستان‌شناسی به طور معتبر تاریخ‌گذاری شدند.

The archaeological findings were validly dated.

Scientific/Specialized.

6

تعهدات بین‌المللی باید به طور معتبر رعایت گردند.

International obligations must be validly observed.

Diplomatic register.

7

ارزیابی عملکرد کارکنان به طور معتبر انجام پذیرفت.

The staff performance evaluation was validly carried out.

Formal 'انجام پذیرفت'.

8

این فرضیه به طور معتبر مورد آزمایش قرار گرفت.

This hypothesis was validly tested.

Compound passive 'مورد آزمایش قرار گرفت'.

1

مشروعیت نظام سیاسی به طور معتبر مورد بحث قرار گرفت.

The legitimacy of the political system was validly debated.

Political science context.

2

حکم صادره به طور معتبر توسط دیوان عالی نقض شد.

The issued verdict was validly overturned by the Supreme Court.

Legal/Judicial jargon.

3

مبانی کلامی این ادعا به طور معتبر نقد شده است.

The theological foundations of this claim have been validly critiqued.

Theological/Philosophical.

4

سازوکارهای نظارتی به طور معتبر در ساختار نهادینه شدند.

The monitoring mechanisms were validly institutionalized within the structure.

Sociological/Institutional.

5

توالی ژنتیکی به طور معتبر شناسایی و ثبت گردید.

The genetic sequence was validly identified and recorded.

Advanced biology.

6

این توافق‌نامه به طور معتبر از منظر حقوق بین‌الملل بررسی شد.

This agreement was validly examined from the perspective of international law.

International law register.

7

اعتبار اسنادی به طور معتبر در سامانه بانکی تایید شد.

The letters of credit were validly confirmed in the banking system.

High-level finance.

8

پارادایم‌های حاکم به طور معتبر در این رساله به چالش کشیده شدند.

The dominant paradigms were validly challenged in this thesis.

Epistemological/Academic.

よく使う組み合わせ

امضا شده به طور معتبر
تایید شده به طور معتبر
ثبت شده به طور معتبر
اثبات شده به طور معتبر
اجرا شده به طور معتبر
احراز هویت به طور معتبر
اعلام شده به طور معتبر
پذیرفته شده به طور معتبر
برگزار شده به طور معتبر
منتشر شده به طور معتبر

よく使うフレーズ

به طور معتبر و قانونی

— Both validly and legally; a redundant formal phrase for emphasis.

همه مراحل به طور معتبر و قانونی طی شد.

به طور معتبر تایید کردن

— To confirm something through official channels.

وزارتخانه این خبر را به طور معتبر تایید کرد.

به طور معتبر ثبت کردن

— To register something in an official database.

نام تجاری به طور معتبر ثبت شد.

به طور معتبر امضا کردن

— To sign with legal authority.

او به طور معتبر قرارداد را امضا کرد.

به طور معتبر صادر کردن

— To issue a document officially.

گذرنامه به طور معتبر صادر شده است.

به طور معتبر احراز کردن

— To verify or authenticate something formally.

صلاحیت وی به طور معتبر احراز شد.

به طور معتبر ابلاغ کردن

— To officially notify someone of a decision.

حکم به طور معتبر ابلاغ شد.

به طور معتبر مستند کردن

— To document something validly.

ادعاها به طور معتبر مستند شدند.

به طور معتبر ارزیابی کردن

— To evaluate something using valid metrics.

عملکرد وی به طور معتبر ارزیابی شد.

به طور معتبر شناسایی کردن

— To identify something through valid procedures.

مظنون به طور معتبر شناسایی شد.

慣用句と表現

"حرفش معتبر است"

— His word has weight; he is a trusted person.

در این بازار، حرف او معتبر است.

Social
"اعتبار بخشیدن"

— To give validity or credit to something.

این کشف به نظریه اعتبار بخشید.

Academic
"از اعتبار افتادن"

— To lose validity or to expire.

این کارت از اعتبار افتاده است.

General
"کسب اعتبار"

— To gain prestige or validity.

او با این کار اعتبار زیادی کسب کرد.

Social
"بدون اعتبار"

— Invalid or worthless.

این ادعا بدون اعتبار است.

Formal
"در اوج اعتبار"

— At the peak of one's reputation or validity.

او در اوج اعتبار علمی خود است.

Formal
"اعتبار داشتن"

— To be valid or to have credit.

این بلیت تا فردا اعتبار دارد.

General
"مهر اعتبار"

— Seal of approval/validity.

این موفقیت مهر اعتباری بر تلاش‌های اوست.

Metaphorical
"سلب اعتبار"

— To discredit or invalidate.

دادگاه از آن سند سلب اعتبار کرد.

Legal
"اعتبارنامه"

— Credentials (noun).

او اعتبارنامه خود را ارائه داد.

Diplomatic

語族

名詞

اعتبار (E'tebar - Credit/Validity)
معتبرسازی (Mo'tabarsazi - Validation)
اعتبارنامه (E'tebar-nameh - Credentials)

動詞

اعتبار دادن (E'tebar dadan - To validate)
معتبر شناختن (Mo'tabar shenakhtan - To recognize as valid)

形容詞

معتبر (Mo'tabar - Valid)
نامعتبر (Namo'tabar - Invalid)
معتمد (Mo'tamad - Trusted)

関連

قانون (Law)
سند (Document)
تایید (Confirmation)
رسمی (Official)
حقیقی (Real)
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暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'Bar' (courtroom bar) that is 'Mo' (More) than just a bar—it's 'Mo-ta-bar' (More-than-bar), meaning it's super valid and official.

視覚的連想

Imagine a giant golden seal (stamp) hitting a document. The sound it makes is 'MO-TA-BAR!'.

Word Web

Law Stamp Official Valid Trusted Signature Contract Identity

チャレンジ

Try to find three items in your house that have a 'mo'tabar' (valid) expiration date and say it out loud in Persian.

語源

The phrase is a Persian construction using the Arabic-derived adjective 'Mu'tabar'. The root is the Arabic 'I-B-R' (to cross/interpret/weigh).

元の意味： Originally related to 'taking a lesson' or 'considering something carefully' so as to give it weight or credit.

Persian (Indo-European) with Arabic (Semitic) loanwords.

文化的な背景

No specific sensitivities, but avoid using it in very casual settings as it can sound arrogant or cold.

In English, we use 'validly' mostly in legal contexts, but 'be tor-e mo'tabar' is used slightly more often in Persian academic and administrative speech.

Used in the Iranian Civil Code (Ghanoon-e Madani). Frequently used in academic 'Methodology' chapters in Iranian universities. Common in the preamble of international treaties signed by Iran.
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