このページをあなたの言語で

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

A1 adverb 11分で読める

harvoin

練習する例文メモとヒント harvoin 30秒で

解説 harvoin in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'harvoin' is one of the first frequency adverbs you should learn. It allows you to describe your daily life and habits more accurately. Instead of just saying what you do 'usein' (often) or 'aina' (always), you can now talk about things you do 'rarely'. At this stage, focus on its placement after the verb in simple present tense sentences. For example, 'Minä syön harvoin pizzaa' (I seldom eat pizza). You should also learn that 'harvoin' is the opposite of 'usein'. Understanding this pair helps you build a basic framework for time and frequency in Finnish. Don't worry about complex word orders yet; just focus on using it to describe your personal routines. You will mostly encounter this word in simple questions like 'Käytkö usein vai harvoin uimassa?' (Do you go swimming often or seldom?). It is a key building block for basic conversational fluency, helping you avoid oversimplifying your life into just 'yes' and 'no' or 'always' and 'never'.

At the A2 level, you begin to use 'harvoin' in a wider range of tenses, including the past tense (imperfekti). You might say 'Lapsena kävin harvoin ulkomailla' (As a child, I seldom went abroad). You also start to see how 'harvoin' can be modified by other words like 'hyvin' (very) or 'melko' (quite) to add nuance. 'Se tapahtuu hyvin harvoin' (It happens very seldom). At this level, you should also be aware of the comparative form 'harvemmin' (less often), which is useful for comparing past and present habits. You are moving beyond simple self-description and starting to describe the world around you, such as weather patterns or public transport schedules. You should also be able to recognize 'harvoin' when it appears at the beginning of a sentence for emphasis, even if you don't use it that way yourself yet. Understanding the relationship between 'harvoin' and the adjective 'harva' (few) becomes important here to avoid grammatical errors.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

By the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'harvoin' in complex sentences and compound tenses. You can use it in the perfect tense to describe life experiences: 'Olen harvoin nähnyt näin kaunista maisemaa' (I have seldom seen such a beautiful landscape). You also begin to understand the stylistic choice of placing 'harvoin' at the start of a sentence for dramatic or formal effect: 'Harvoin tapaa näin ystävällisiä ihmisiä' (Seldom does one meet such friendly people). At this stage, you should also be able to distinguish 'harvoin' from its synonyms like 'silloin tällöin' (now and then) or 'harvakseltaan' (at long intervals). You can use 'harvoin' to provide more detailed explanations in discussions about social issues, work habits, or personal opinions. Your ability to use frequency adverbs correctly contributes to a more natural and fluid speaking style, allowing you to express subtle differences in how often events occur without sounding repetitive.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the B2 level, 'harvoin' is used with precision in both formal and informal contexts. You understand how it functions in professional reports, academic writing, and literary texts. You can use it to describe statistical rarities or to make careful generalizations. For example, 'Tällaista ilmiötä tavataan harvoin nyky-yhteiskunnassa' (Such a phenomenon is seldom encountered in modern society). You are also familiar with idiomatic expressions and more advanced structures, such as using 'harvoin' with the potential mood or in conditional sentences. Your understanding of the word's etymology (from 'harva') helps you appreciate its use in more abstract contexts, such as describing the 'sparseness' of opportunities or resources. You can effectively use 'harvoin' to argue a point, using rarity as a way to highlight the importance or uniqueness of a particular event or finding. Your command of word order is now sophisticated enough to use 'harvoin' flexibly for various rhetorical effects.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the C1 level, you have a deep appreciation for the nuances of 'harvoin'. You can distinguish between its use as a simple frequency marker and its more rhetorical uses in high-level discourse. You recognize it in classical Finnish literature and can use it yourself to achieve a specific tone or register. You might explore its use in historical texts or in specific dialects where its frequency or meaning might slightly shift. You are also adept at using the superlative 'harvimmin' (least often) in complex comparisons. 'Hän vierailee meillä kaikista sukulaisista harvimmin' (Out of all the relatives, he visits us the least often). You understand the subtle emotional connotations 'harvoin' can carry—such as regret, relief, or surprise—depending on the context. Your use of 'harvoin' is indistinguishable from that of a native speaker, and you can use it to craft elegant, well-structured sentences in both written and spoken Finnish, regardless of the complexity of the topic.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the C2 level, your mastery of 'harvoin' is absolute. You understand its role within the broader system of Finnish morphology and syntax. You can analyze its use in various registers, from the most colloquial slang to the most formal legal or scientific language. You are aware of how 'harvoin' has evolved over time and how its usage might differ across different Finnish-speaking regions. You can use it in highly sophisticated ways, such as in complex philosophical arguments or in intricate poetic structures where the rhythm and placement of the word are crucial. You might also explore the use of 'harvoin' in specialized fields like linguistics or philology, where the word itself might be the subject of study. At this level, 'harvoin' is not just a vocabulary item but a flexible tool that you can manipulate with complete confidence to express the most subtle shades of meaning and frequency in any imaginable context.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

練習する例文メモとヒント

harvoin 30秒で

Harvoin is a Finnish adverb meaning 'seldom' or 'rarely', used to describe low frequency.
It is derived from the adjective 'harva' (few) and is the direct opposite of 'usein' (often).
In a sentence, it typically follows the verb or appears between auxiliary and main verbs.
It is used in all CEFR levels, from basic daily habits to formal scientific or literary descriptions.

The Finnish word harvoin is a fundamental adverb of frequency used to describe actions or events that occur with low regularity or at long intervals. In the English language, it is most accurately translated as seldom or rarely. Understanding this word is essential for any learner because it allows for the expression of nuances in time and habit that go beyond the simple binary of 'always' or 'never'. The word itself is derived from the adjective harva, which means 'few', 'sparse', or 'thin'. When you transform this adjective into an adverb by adding the suffix -in, you create a tool to measure the scarcity of an occurrence.

Frequency Context: In the spectrum of Finnish frequency adverbs, 'harvoin' sits between 'joskus' (sometimes) and 'ei koskaan' (never). It implies that while an event does happen, it is not the norm and might be unexpected or noteworthy when it does occur.

Finns use this word in a variety of contexts, ranging from describing personal habits to discussing statistical rarities in weather or economics. For example, a person might say they 'harvoin' eat meat if they are mostly vegetarian but occasionally indulge.

Me näemme toisiamme nykyään harvoin.

This sentence translates to 'We see each other seldom nowadays.' It conveys a sense of distance or a change in circumstances where meetings have become infrequent. Culturally, the word reflects a certain Finnish pragmatism; things are often described in terms of their actual frequency rather than through hyperbole. If a Finn says something happens 'harvoin', they usually mean exactly that—it is a measurable rarity.

Morphological Connection: The root 'harva' also appears in words like 'harvakseltaan', which suggests a rhythmic but sparse occurrence, similar to 'at long intervals'. However, 'harvoin' remains the most versatile and widely used form.

Tällaista tapahtuu hyvin harvoin tässä kaupungissa.

This example, 'This happens very seldom in this city,' shows how 'hyvin' (very) can be used to intensify the rarity.

Social Nuance: When used in social invitations or responses, 'harvoin' can act as a polite way to explain why someone hasn't been present or why a certain activity isn't part of their routine, avoiding the finality of 'never'.

Hän hymyilee harvoin, mutta kun hän tekee niin, se on aitoa.

Here, 'He smiles seldom, but when he does, it is genuine,' illustrates the word's ability to set a baseline for character description.

On harvoin mahdollista nähdä revontulia etelässä.

Finally, in the context of nature, 'It is seldom possible to see the northern lights in the south' uses 'harvoin' to denote geographical and temporal rarity. In summary, 'harvoin' is the essential Finnish adverb for anything that happens only once in a while, providing a precise measure of infrequency that is indispensable for clear communication.

Using harvoin correctly in a sentence involves understanding its placement and how it interacts with verbs. In Finnish, adverbs of frequency like 'harvoin' are relatively flexible, but there are standard positions that sound most natural to native speakers. Typically, 'harvoin' is placed immediately after the main verb in simple sentences, or between the auxiliary verb and the main verb in compound tenses. However, for stylistic emphasis, it can also be placed at the very beginning of the sentence.

Standard Placement: In a basic Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) structure, 'harvoin' usually follows the verb. Example: 'Minä käyn harvoin teatterissa' (I go seldom to the theater). This is the most neutral way to express frequency.

Me syömme harvoin ulkona arkipäivisin.

In this sentence, 'We seldom eat out on weekdays,' the adverb clarifies the routine. If you want to emphasize the rarity itself, you can move 'harvoin' to the front: 'Harvoin me syömme ulkona' (Seldom do we eat out). Note that in Finnish, moving the adverb to the front does not necessarily require the complex subject-auxiliary inversion found in English (like 'Seldom do I...'), though the word order can shift for poetic effect.

Compound Tenses: When using the perfect or pluperfect tense, 'harvoin' typically sits between the 'olla' (to be) verb and the past participle. Example: 'Olen harvoin nähnyt mitään vastaavaa' (I have seldom seen anything comparable).

Hän on harvoin ollut näin iloinen.

This means 'He has seldom been this happy.' The placement emphasizes the state of being.

Negative Sentences: While 'harvoin' itself is not a negative word, it can be used in negative sentences to create a 'not seldom' (i.e., often) meaning, though this is less common than in English. Usually, 'harvoin' is used in positive constructions to express a negative frequency.

Talvella aurinko paistaa harvoin Helsingissä.

'In winter, the sun shines seldom in Helsinki.' This demonstrates the use of 'harvoin' in weather descriptions.

Bussi kulkee sunnuntaisin harvoin.

'The bus runs seldom on Sundays.' This is a practical example of schedule-related frequency.

On harvoin hyödyllistä suuttua turhista asioista.

'It is seldom useful to get angry about trivial things.' This shows 'harvoin' used with an adjective to express a general truth. By mastering these positions—after the verb, between verbs, or at the start for emphasis—you will be able to use 'harvoin' with the same flexibility as a native speaker.

In the daily life of Finland, harvoin is a word that echoes through various social and professional spheres. You will hear it in the supermarket, in the office, and certainly when Finns talk about the weather. Because Finnish culture tends to value honesty and precision over exaggeration, 'harvoin' is used frequently to set realistic expectations.

In Personal Conversations: When friends catch up after a long time, they might say 'Nähdään nykyään aivan liian harvoin' (We see each other far too seldom nowadays). It carries a weight of missed connection.

Minä käyn harvoin kuntosalilla, vaikka pitäisi.

'I go to the gym seldom, even though I should.' This is a common self-deprecating remark you might hear in a casual chat.

In Professional and News Contexts: News anchors use 'harvoin' to describe rare economic shifts or unusual political events. 'Tällaista poliittista yksimielisyyttä nähdään harvoin' (Such political consensus is seen seldom).

Suomessa sataa harvoin näin paljon lunta lokakuussa.

'It seldom snows this much in Finland in October.' Weather reports are a prime place to encounter this word, as it helps contrast current conditions with historical averages.

In Literature and Media: In Finnish movies or books, 'harvoin' is used to build character depth. A character who 'harvoin puhuu' (seldom speaks) is immediately established as stoic or mysterious, a common trope in Nordic noir.

Hän on harvoin väärässä näissä asioissa.

'He is seldom wrong in these matters.' This might be said by a colleague about a trusted expert.

Tämä sovellus päivittyy harvoin.

'This app updates seldom.' This use case is very common in modern technical Finnish. Whether you are reading a newspaper, watching a talk show, or chatting with a neighbor over a fence, 'harvoin' is the go-to word for anything that doesn't happen every day.

Even though harvoin is an A1-level word, learners often make subtle mistakes in its application, particularly concerning word order, confusion with related adjectives, and its relationship with negation. One of the most common errors is confusing the adverb 'harvoin' with the adjective harva. While they share the same root, their grammatical functions are entirely different.

Confusion with 'Harva': Learners might say 'Harva ihmiset käyvät täällä' when they mean 'Rarely do people visit here'. The correct adverb is 'harvoin'. 'Harva' means 'few' and modifies a noun, whereas 'harvoin' modifies a verb or the entire sentence frequency.

Väärin: Minä harva syön kalaa. Oikein: Minä syön harvoin kalaa.

Another common issue is the 'Double Negative' trap. In English, we say 'I don't often go', but in Finnish, 'harvoin' is typically used in a positive sentence to express the low frequency. Saying 'En käy harvoin' is grammatically possible but means 'I don't go seldom' (i.e., I go often), which is usually not what the learner intends.

Word Order Misplacement: English speakers often want to place 'harvoin' before the verb because of the English 'I rarely go'. In Finnish, 'Minä harvoin käyn' is understandable but sounds slightly poetic or old-fashioned. 'Minä käyn harvoin' is the standard spoken and written order.

Huomaa: Harvoin on mahdollista... (Seldom it is possible...)

Here, starting with 'harvoin' is correct for emphasis. However, placing it randomly in the sentence can break the flow.

Comparative Confusion: Learners sometimes use 'harvoin' when they should use 'harvemmin' (less often). If you are comparing two things, 'harvemmin' is the correct choice. 'Käyn täällä harvemmin kuin sinä' (I visit here less often than you).

Väärin: Metsä on harvoin. Oikein: Metsä on harva.

The first sentence incorrectly says 'The forest is seldom', while the second correctly says 'The forest is sparse'. Keeping these distinctions in mind will help you avoid the most common pitfalls.

To truly enrich your Finnish vocabulary, it is helpful to look at words that are similar to harvoin but offer different shades of meaning. While 'harvoin' is the general-purpose word for 'seldom', other adverbs can provide more specific information about the nature of the infrequency.

Harvoin vs. Harvakseltaan: 'Harvoin' simply means not often. 'Harvakseltaan' suggests a slow, steady, but sparse rhythm. If a clock ticks slowly, or a train runs only every few hours, 'harvakseltaan' might be used to describe that measured pace.

Junat kulkevat yöllä harvakseltaan.

This implies a consistent but infrequent schedule.

Harvoin vs. Silloin tällöin: 'Silloin tällöin' means 'now and then' or 'occasionally'. It feels slightly more frequent and less 'rare' than 'harvoin'. If you do something 'silloin tällöin', it is a casual part of your life; if you do it 'harvoin', it is an exception.

Tuskin koskaan: This phrase means 'hardly ever'. It is stronger than 'harvoin' and closer to 'never'. Use this when you want to emphasize that something almost never happens.

Hän suuttuu tuskin koskaan.

'He hardly ever gets angry.' This is more extreme than 'Hän suuttuu harvoin'.

Poikkeuksellisesti: Meaning 'exceptionally', this is used when an event is so rare that it constitutes an exception to the rule. It is less about frequency and more about the nature of the event.

Kauppa on poikkeuksellisesti auki tänään.

'The shop is exceptionally open today.' While 'harvoin' could describe how often the shop is open on Sundays, 'poikkeuksellisesti' describes this specific instance. By understanding these alternatives, you can express frequency with much greater precision and sound more like a native Finnish speaker.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The transition from physical sparseness ('harva') to temporal infrequency ('harvoin') is a common metaphorical shift in many languages, including English (e.g., 'sparse' vs 'rare').

発音ガイド

UK /ˈhɑrʋoin/

US /ˈhɑrʋoɪn/

Primary stress is always on the first syllable: HAR-voin.

韻が合う語

toivoin kaivoin raivoin aivoin leivoin siivoin mainioin valtioin

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the 'r' as an English retroflex 'r' instead of rolling it.
Making the 'v' sound too much like a 'w'.
Stress on the second syllable (voin).
Shortening the 'oi' diphthong into a single vowel sound.
Not aspirating the initial 'h' clearly enough.

難易度

読解 1/5

Very easy to recognize once the root 'harva' is known. Short and distinct.

ライティング 2/5

Placement is flexible, but learners must remember the 'oi' diphthong spelling.

スピーキング 2/5

Requires a rolled 'r' and clear diphthong, but otherwise straightforward.

リスニング 1/5

Very clear and easy to distinguish in spoken Finnish.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

harva usein aina ei koskaan joskus

次に学ぶ

harvemmin harvinainen silloin tällöin tuskin harvakseltaan

上級

harvoinasuttu harvahammas harvinaisuus harventaa harveta

知っておくべき文法

Adverb Formation with -in

harva -> harvoin, paljas -> paljain

Frequency Adverb Placement

Minä (S) syön (V) harvoin (Adv) kalaa (O).

Comparison of Adverbs

harvoin -> harvemmin -> harvimmin

Emphasis by Fronting

Harvoin minä täällä käyn.

Negative Agreement (Lack thereof)

'Harvoin' does not trigger negative verb forms like 'en', 'et'.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

レベル別の例文

Minä syön harvoin kalaa.

I seldom eat fish.

Standard placement after the verb 'syön'.

Käytkö sinä harvoin kaupassa?

Do you go to the shop seldom?

Used in a question following the verb-subject pair.

Hän juo harvoin kahvia.

He seldom drinks coffee.

Simple present tense construction.

Me katsomme harvoin televisiota.

We seldom watch television.

Frequency adverb modifying the verb 'katsomme'.

Täällä sataa harvoin kesällä.

It rains seldom here in summer.

Impersonal weather construction.

Bussi tulee harvoin tänne.

The bus comes seldom here.

Describing a schedule or frequency of service.

Minä nukun harvoin pitkään.

I seldom sleep late.

Modifying the verb 'nukun'.

Luen harvoin sanomalehteä.

I seldom read the newspaper.

Subject 'minä' is omitted but implied by the verb ending.

Talvella aurinko paistaa hyvin harvoin.

In winter, the sun shines very seldom.

Modified by 'hyvin' for emphasis.

Kävimme harvoin ravintolassa, kun olin lapsi.

We went seldom to a restaurant when I was a child.

Used in the past tense (imperfekti).

Hän vastaa harvoin puhelimeen iltaisin.

He seldom answers the phone in the evenings.

Describing a specific situational frequency.

Tämä kone menee harvoin rikki.

This machine breaks down seldom.

Describing reliability.

Matkustamme nykyään harvemmin kuin ennen.

We travel less often nowadays than before.

Use of the comparative form 'harvemmin'.

On harvoin mahdollista nähdä karhu metsässä.

It is seldom possible to see a bear in the forest.

Adverbial use with the adjective 'mahdollista'.

Hän puhuu harvoin itsestään.

He speaks seldom about himself.

Describing a personality trait.

Meillä on harvoin vieraita arkisin.

We have seldom guests on weekdays.

Using 'olla' to describe possession/existence of guests.

Olen harvoin nähnyt näin upeaa auringonlaskua.

I have seldom seen such a magnificent sunset.

Perfect tense: placed between 'olen' and 'nähnyt'.

Harvoin sitä tapaa yhtä rehellistä ihmistä.

Seldom does one meet such an honest person.

Placed at the start for emphasis; uses the generic 'sitä'.

Tällaista tilaisuutta tarjoutuu harvoin.

Such an opportunity is offered seldom.

Subject-Verb-Adverb order.

Hän on harvoin myöhässä töistä.

She is seldom late for work.

Describing professional reliability.

Suomessa on harvoin näin kuuma kesäkuussa.

In Finland, it is seldom this hot in June.

Describing a weather anomaly.

Lääkäri sanoi, että tätä tautia esiintyy harvoin.

The doctor said that this disease occurs seldom.

Used in a subordinate clause.

Hän harvoin valittaa mistään.

He seldom complains about anything.

Adverb placed before the verb for a slightly more formal tone.

Olemme harvoin täysin yksimielisiä tästä asiasta.

We are seldom completely unanimous about this matter.

Modifying the state of being 'yksimielisiä'.

Harvoin on nähty yhtä suurta poliittista muutosta.

Seldom has such a great political change been seen.

Formal word order with the passive perfect tense.

Tieteellisessä tutkimuksessa tulokset ovat harvoin näin selkeitä.

In scientific research, results are seldom this clear.

Academic context.

Hän on harvoin tyytyväinen saavutuksiinsa.

He is seldom satisfied with his achievements.

Describing high standards or perfectionism.

On harvoin järkevää tehdä hätiköityjä päätöksiä.

It is seldom sensible to make rushed decisions.

General wisdom/logical statement.

Tämä lintulaji pesii harvoin näin etelässä.

This bird species nests seldom this far south.

Biological/Scientific observation.

Harvoinpa sitä tulee ajatelleeksi, kuinka onnekkaita olemme.

Seldom does one happen to think how lucky we are.

Use of the suffix '-pa' for added emphasis and a reflective tone.

Kirjailija käyttää harvoin adjektiiveja tekstissään.

The author uses adjectives seldom in their text.

Literary analysis.

Sopimusehtoja muutetaan harvoin ilman erillistä ilmoitusta.

Contract terms are changed seldom without separate notice.

Formal/Legal context.

Harvoin on suomalaisessa kirjallisuudessa kuvattu tällaista tuskaa.

Seldom has such pain been depicted in Finnish literature.

Literary/High-register word order.

Tämä on ilmiö, jota tavataan harvoin luonnonvaraisissa populaatioissa.

This is a phenomenon that is encountered seldom in wild populations.

Scientific precision in a relative clause.

Harvoinpa mikään on niin varmaa kuin muutos.

Seldom is anything as certain as change.

Philosophical maxim using '-pa' suffix.

Hän on harvoin jos koskaan myöntänyt tehneensä virheen.

He has seldom if ever admitted to making a mistake.

The phrase 'harvoin jos koskaan' (seldom if ever).

Harvoin näkee sellaista taitoa ja omistautumista kuin tässä esityksessä.

Seldom does one see such skill and dedication as in this performance.

Rhetorical emphasis.

On harvoin perusteltua poiketa näin rajusti vakiintuneista käytännöistä.

It is seldom justified to deviate so drastically from established practices.

Formal argumentation.

Harvoin on kansa ollut näin jakautunut tässä kysymyksessä.

Seldom has the nation been so divided on this issue.

Sociopolitical analysis.

Hän käytti harvoin valtaansa väärin, mikä teki hänestä kunnioitetun.

He seldom misused his power, which made him respected.

Describing ethical behavior.

Harvoin on kielen historiassa nähty näin nopeaa sanaston muuttumista.

Seldom has such rapid vocabulary change been seen in the history of language.

Philological/Historical analysis.

On harvoin mielekästä analysoida tekstiä irrotettuna sen historiallisesta kontekstista.

It is seldom meaningful to analyze a text detached from its historical context.

Academic/Epistemological statement.

Harvoinpa sitä ihminen on niin vapaa kuin vaeltaessaan tunturissa.

Seldom is a person as free as when trekking in the fells.

Existential/Poetic use of '-pa' and 'sitä'.

Tämä on poikkeustapaus, jollaisia ilmenee harvoin jopa näissä olosuhteissa.

This is an exceptional case, the likes of which occur seldom even under these conditions.

Highly technical/Formal description.

Harvoin on mikään teos kyennyt vangitsemaan ajan henkeä yhtä osuvasti.

Seldom has any work been able to capture the zeitgeist as aptly.

Cultural criticism.

On harvoin eettisesti kestävää asettaa yksilön etu yhteisön edun edelle tässä laajuudessa.

It is seldom ethically sustainable to place the individual's interest above the community's to this extent.

Philosophical/Ethical discourse.

Harvoin näkee tällaista synteesiä perinteestä ja modernismista.

Seldom does one see such a synthesis of tradition and modernism.

Architectural/Artistic analysis.

Hän on harvoin jos koskaan sortunut halpaan populismiin.

He has seldom if ever succumbed to cheap populism.

Political characterization.

よく使う組み合わせ

hyvin harvoin

erittäin harvoin

harvoin tarjolla

harvoin nähty

harvoin käytetty

pelata harvoin

tapahtua harvoin

käydä harvoin

syödä harvoin

harvoin jos koskaan

よく使うフレーズ

Liian harvoin

— Too seldom. Used to express regret that something doesn't happen more often.

Nähdään aivan liian harvoin!

Harvoin mutta hartaasti

— Seldom but with great devotion/effort. Used when someone does something infrequently but does it very thoroughly when they do.

Siivoan harvoin mutta hartaasti.

Melko harvoin

— Quite seldom. A moderate way to express low frequency.

Käymme melko harvoin ulkona.

Harvoin on nähty

— Seldom has been seen. A common way to start a sentence describing something impressive.

Harvoin on nähty tällaista peliä.

Vain harvoin

— Only seldom. Emphasizes the restriction of the occurrence.

Hän puhuu vain harvoin.

Yhtä harvoin kuin

— As seldom as. Used for comparisons.

Sataa yhtä harvoin kuin viime vuonna.

Harvoin tarjolla oleva

— Seldom available. Often used in advertisements for rare items.

Tämä on harvoin tarjolla oleva keräilykappale.

Harvoin esiintyvä

— Seldom occurring. Used in scientific or technical descriptions.

Kyseessä on harvoin esiintyvä sivuvaikutus.

Harvoin käytetty reitti

— A seldom used route. Used in travel or navigation.

Valitsimme harvoin käytetyn reitin.

Enää harvoin

— Seldom anymore. Indicates that something used to happen more often.

Käyn siellä enää harvoin.

よく混同される語

harvoin vs harva

Harva is an adjective meaning 'few'. Harvoin is an adverb meaning 'seldom'.

harvoin vs harvoinpa

Harvoinpa is just 'harvoin' with an emphatic suffix '-pa'.

harvoin vs harvakseltaan

Harvakseltaan implies a sparse but regular rhythm, whereas harvoin is just low frequency.

慣用句と表現

"Harvoin mutta hartaasti"

— Doing something infrequently but with great passion or thoroughness.

Me juhlimme harvoin mutta hartaasti.

informal/neutral

"Harvoin on herkkua tarjolla"

— Good things don't come around often; make the most of it.

Ota lisää kakkua, harvoin on herkkua tarjolla!

informal

"Harvoin se onni potkaisee"

— Luck seldom kicks (strikes); one shouldn't rely on luck alone.

Pitää tehdä töitä, harvoin se onni potkaisee.

neutral

"Harvoin on vara valita"

— One seldom has the luxury of choice; take what you can get.

Ota tämä työ, harvoin on vara valita.

neutral

"Harvoin kissa kiitoksella elää"

— A cat seldom lives on thanks alone. A way of saying that people need more than just gratitude (usually money/food).

Saisinko palkan? Harvoin kissa kiitoksella elää.

informal/proverbial

"Harvoin on tyyni ennen myrskyä"

— It is seldom calm before the storm (often used ironically when things are too quiet).

Onpa hiljaista. Harvoin on tyyni ennen myrskyä.

literary

"Harvoin on hätä tämän näköinen"

— Trouble seldom looks like this (meaning: things aren't actually that bad).

Älä huoli, harvoin on hätä tämän näköinen.

idiomatic/colloquial

"Harvoin on sokea reunaan osuu"

— A blind person seldom hits the edge (meaning: success by pure luck is rare).

Se oli onnenkantamoinen; harvoin sokea reunaan osuu.

proverbial

"Harvoin on viisas yksinään"

— One is seldom wise all by themselves (meaning: teamwork or advice is needed).

Kysy neuvoa, harvoin on viisas yksinään.

proverbial

"Harvoin on hyvä liian hyvää"

— Good is seldom too good (meaning: don't be suspicious of good luck).

Nauti tästä, harvoin on hyvä liian hyvää.

neutral

間違えやすい

harvoin vs harva

They look similar and share the same root.

Harva describes quantity (few people), harvoin describes frequency (seldom happens).

Harva (few) ihminen käy täällä harvoin (seldom).

harvoin vs usein

They are both frequency adverbs.

They are opposites. Usein = often, Harvoin = seldom.

Käyn usein kaupassa mutta harvoin Alkossa.

harvoin vs silloin tällöin

Both mean it doesn't happen all the time.

Silloin tällöin is 'now and then' (neutral), Harvoin is 'seldom' (rare).

Silloin tällöin sataa, mutta lunta tulee harvoin.

harvoin vs harvinainen

Both relate to rarity.

Harvinainen is an adjective (a rare bird), harvoin is an adverb (sees it seldom).

Tämä on harvinainen lintu, jonka näkee harvoin.

harvoin vs vähän

Both can imply a small amount.

Vähän is 'a little' (quantity), harvoin is 'seldom' (time).

Syön vähän (a little amount) ja harvoin (not often).

文型パターン

[Subject] [Verb] harvoin [Object].

Minä juon harvoin teetä.

[Subject] [Verb] hyvin harvoin.

Hän nauraa hyvin harvoin.

[Subject] on harvoin [Participle].

Hän on harvoin ollut täällä.

Harvoin [Verb] [Subject]...

Harvoin näkee tällaista.

Harvoin jos koskaan [Subject] [Verb].

Harvoin jos koskaan hän suuttuu.

On harvoin [Adjective] [Infinitive].

On harvoin mielekästä väitellä tästä.

[Subject] [Verb-past] harvoin.

Lapsena leikin harvoin ulkona.

[Noun] esiintyy harvoin [Location].

Tätä kukkaa esiintyy harvoin Lapissa.

語族

名詞

harvinaisuus (rarity)

harvuus (sparseness/infrequency)

動詞

harventaa (to thin out/make less frequent)

harveta (to become sparse/infrequent)

形容詞

harva (few/sparse/rare)

harvinainen (rare/uncommon)

使い方

frequency

Very common in both spoken and written Finnish.

よくある間違い

Minä harvoin syön. → Minä syön harvoin.
In English, we say 'I rarely eat', but in Finnish, the adverb usually follows the verb.
En käy harvoin. → Käyn harvoin.
Using a negative verb with 'harvoin' changes the meaning to 'I don't go seldom' (I go often).
Harva sataa lunta. → Harvoin sataa lunta.
Confusing the adjective 'harva' (few) with the adverb 'harvoin' (seldom).
Olen harvoin nähdä. → Olen harvoin nähnyt.
In the perfect tense, you must use the past participle after 'harvoin'.
Käyn täällä harvoin kuin sinä. → Käyn täällä harvemmin kuin sinä.
When making a comparison (than you), you must use the comparative form 'harvemmin'.

ヒント

Placement is Key

Place 'harvoin' after the verb for a neutral tone. 'Minä luen harvoin.' This is the safest bet for learners.

Learn the Pair

Always learn 'harvoin' and 'usein' together. They are the two sides of the frequency coin.

Emphasis

Move 'harvoin' to the start of the sentence to sound more dramatic or poetic. 'Harvoin näkee tällaista!'

Avoid Double Negatives

Don't say 'En käy harvoin' if you mean 'I rarely go'. Just say 'Käyn harvoin'.

Using 'Harvemmin'

Use 'harvemmin' when comparing habits. 'Käyn täällä harvemmin kuin ennen.'

Harvest Rarity

Remember: Harvests are 'harvoin' (seldom)—they only happen once a year.

The Rolled R

Make sure to roll the 'r' in 'harvoin'. Practice saying 'har-voin' with a vibrating tongue.

Context Clues

If you hear 'hyvin' or 'erittäin' before a word starting with 'h', it's likely 'harvoin'.

Diphthong Check

Ensure you write 'oi' and not just 'o' or 'i'. The sound is 'oy' like in 'boy'.

Finnish Modesty

Use 'harvoin' to sound more Finnish—be precise about how often things actually happen.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'Harvest' that happens only once a year. 'Harv-' is like 'Harvest', and it happens 'seldom'.

視覚的連想

Imagine a comb with very few teeth (harva kampa). Because the teeth are rare, you use it 'harvoin'.

Word Web

harva harvinainen harvoin harvemmin harvakseltaan harventaa harvinaisuus harvasanainen

チャレンジ

Try to use 'harvoin' in three different sentences today: one about food, one about a hobby, and one about the weather.

語源

The word 'harvoin' is derived from the Proto-Finnic root '*harva', which has cognates in other Uralic languages. It originally referred to things that were physically spread out or not dense.

元の意味： The original meaning was related to physical sparseness, such as trees in a forest or teeth in a comb.

Uralic -> Finno-Ugric -> Finnic.

文化的な背景

There are no major sensitivities, but be aware that 'harvoin' is a neutral term for frequency and not an insult.

English speakers might find 'harvoin' more common in everyday speech than 'seldom'. 'Rarely' is the closest equivalent in terms of frequency and tone.

The Finnish proverb 'Harvoin kissa kiitoksella elää'. Literary descriptions in works by Aleksis Kivi where nature is often described as 'harva'. Common song lyrics in Finnish melancholic pop about seeing loved ones 'liian harvoin'.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Eating Habits

Syön harvoin lihaa.
Käymme harvoin ulkona syömässä.
Juon harvoin alkoholia.
Maistan tätä harvoin.

Weather

Sataa harvoin lunta.
Aurinko paistaa harvoin talvella.
On harvoin näin lämmin.
Ukkostaa harvoin tähän aikaan.

Social Life

Nähdään liian harvoin.
Käyn harvoin juhlissa.
Hän soittaa harvoin.
Vieraita käy harvoin.

Work/Routine

Olen harvoin myöhässä.
Pidän harvoin taukoja.
Tämä kone reistailee harvoin.
Teemme harvoin ylitöitä.

Hobbies

Luen harvoin kirjoja.
Pelaan harvoin tennistä.
Käyn harvoin uimassa.
Matkustamme harvoin.

会話のきっかけ

"Käytkö sinä usein vai harvoin elokuvissa?"

"Mikä on sellainen ruoka, jota syöt vain hyvin harvoin?"

"Tapahtuuko tässä kaupungissa harvoin mitään jännittävää?"

"Mitä asiaa sinä teet aivan liian harvoin, vaikka haluaisit tehdä sitä useammin?"

"Onko totta, että Suomessa paistaa aurinko harvoin talvella?"

日記のテーマ

Kirjoita asioista, joita teet harvoin mutta joista nautit todella paljon.

Pohdi, miksi ihmiset näkevät toisiaan nykyään ehkä harvemmin kuin ennen.

Listaa viisi asiaa, joita tapahtuu elämässäsi vain hyvin harvoin.

Kirjoita säästä: mitä sääilmiöitä näet harvoin kotipaikkakunnallasi?

Mitä sellaista olet tehnyt vain kerran tai hyvin harvoin, minkä haluaisit kokea uudelleen?

よくある質問

10 問

No, 'harvoin' is used with a positive verb. For example, 'Minä käyn harvoin' means 'I seldom go'. If you use it with a negative verb ('En käy harvoin'), it means 'I don't go seldom', which implies you go often.

The most natural place is right after the verb: 'Hän nukkuu harvoin'. However, you can also put it at the beginning for emphasis: 'Harvoin hän nukkuu'.

'Harvoin' is a general word for 'seldom'. 'Harvakseltaan' suggests a sparse rhythm or long intervals between events, like a bus that only comes every few hours.

It is neutral and can be used in any situation, from casual chatting to academic writing.

No, 'harvoin' is only for frequency (time). For 'few' (quantity), you must use the adjective 'harva'.

You can say 'hyvin harvoin' or 'erittäin harvoin'.

The comparative form is 'harvemmin', which means 'less often' or 'more seldom'.

Yes, absolutely. 'Kävin siellä harvoin' means 'I went there seldom'.

The direct opposite is 'usein' (often).

Yes, 'harvimmin', which means 'least often'.

無料登録してヒントとメモを見る