immobiliser 30秒で
- To stop movement completely.
- To bring to a standstill, literally or figuratively.
- To prevent any further progress or action.
- To render immobile.
- Literal Meaning
- To make something unable to move or to stop it moving.
- Figurative Meaning
- To prevent progress or development; to bring to a halt.
In traffic jams, cars often immobiliser each other for long periods.
The verb 'immobiliser' is used in a variety of situations, both literally and figuratively. Literally, it refers to the act of preventing movement. This can be physical, like a car being towed to an impound lot and having its wheels clamped, or it can be more abstract, such as a medical condition that immobilizes a person. Think of a doctor telling a patient they need to rest and not move a limb to allow it to heal – this is a form of immobilization. In the context of security, it can refer to disabling a vehicle to prevent it from being stolen, often through electronic means. Imagine a car alarm system designed to immobilize the engine if tampered with.
Figuratively, 'immobiliser' suggests a blockage or a state of being stuck. This can apply to processes, projects, or even economies. For instance, a bureaucratic hurdle can immobilize a business initiative, preventing it from moving forward. Similarly, a political deadlock can immobilize a government, making it unable to pass new laws or make decisions. In a more personal sense, fear or indecision can immobilize someone, preventing them from taking action. It conveys a sense of being frozen or unable to progress. The opposite of being immobilized is being dynamic, active, or fluid.
A flat tire can completely immobiliser a vehicle.
- Legal Context
- In law enforcement, police might immobilize a suspect's vehicle if it's involved in a crime or if they need to secure evidence.
- Technical Context
- In engineering or mechanics, a system might be designed to immobilize a component for safety during maintenance or operation.
Bureaucratic procedures can often immobiliser progress on important projects.
The verb 'immobiliser' is a regular -er verb, meaning it follows the standard conjugation pattern for this group. It can be used in various tenses and moods to describe the act of stopping movement or progress.
- Present Tense
- Used for current actions or states of being stopped. For example, 'Le policier immobilise le véhicule suspect' (The police officer immobilizes the suspect vehicle).
- Past Tense (Passé Composé)
- To describe a completed action of stopping something. For instance, 'Le blocage a immobilisé le trafic pendant des heures' (The blockage immobilized traffic for hours).
- Future Tense (Futur Simple)
- To indicate an action that will stop something in the future. Example: 'La grève immobilisera les transports demain' (The strike will immobilize transportation tomorrow).
- Conditional Tense
- To express a hypothetical situation where something would be stopped. 'Si la roue est cassée, cela immobiliserait la voiture' (If the wheel is broken, it would immobilize the car).
- Imperative Mood
- Used for commands. 'Immobilise ta jambe pour qu'elle guérisse!' (Immobilize your leg so it can heal!).
The heavy snowfall threatened to immobiliser the entire region.
When using 'immobiliser', pay attention to the direct object. What is being immobilized? It could be a physical object like a car, a person's limb, or a piece of machinery. It can also be something abstract, such as a project, a negotiation, or even the economy. The context will usually make it clear whether the meaning is literal or figurative.
Consider the sentence structure: Subject + immobiliser + Object. For example, 'La panne d'essence a immobilisé le bus.' (The fuel breakdown immobilized the bus.) In passive voice, it would be 'Le bus a été immobilisé par la panne d'essence.' (The bus was immobilized by the fuel breakdown.)
Political disagreements can immobiliser legislative action.
- Reflexive Use
- The reflexive form, 's'immobiliser', means to become immobilized or to stop oneself from moving. 'Il s'est immobilisé de peur' (He froze/became immobilized with fear).
The verb 'immobiliser' is commonly encountered in several key domains, reflecting its dual literal and figurative meanings. In everyday conversations, you'll often hear it in discussions about transportation issues. For instance, news reports about traffic accidents might state: 'L'accident a immobilisé la circulation sur l'autoroute' (The accident immobilized traffic on the highway). Similarly, discussions about car problems frequently involve this term: 'Ma voiture est en panne, elle est complètement immobilisée' (My car is broken down, it's completely immobilized).
In a more formal or technical context, 'immobiliser' appears in legal and law enforcement discussions. When a vehicle is seized or impounded, it is 'immobilisé'. You might also hear it in security contexts, such as when a car's anti-theft system is activated: 'Le système de sécurité va immobiliser le moteur si une tentative de vol est détectée' (The security system will immobilize the engine if a theft attempt is detected).
Figuratively, 'immobiliser' is prevalent in discussions about politics, economics, and project management. News anchors might report on how 'les divisions politiques ont immobilisé le gouvernement' (political divisions have immobilized the government), or how 'les sanctions économiques ont immobilisé le commerce' (economic sanctions have immobilized trade). In business meetings, a manager might lament that 'les procédures administratives ont immobilisé notre projet' (administrative procedures have immobilized our project).
In the medical field, it's used to describe conditions or treatments that restrict movement: 'Une fracture du fémur immobilise le patient pendant plusieurs semaines' (A femur fracture immobilizes the patient for several weeks). The reflexive form, 's'immobiliser', is also common, particularly when describing a sudden stop due to fear or shock: 'Il s'est immobilisé en voyant le danger' (He froze/became immobilized upon seeing the danger).
You'll also find it in literature and more descriptive writing, where authors use it to evoke a sense of stillness or stagnation. For example, a description of a desolate landscape might say: 'Le froid intense semblait immobiliser toute vie' (The intense cold seemed to immobilize all life).
The intense heat can immobiliser outdoor activities.
- News and Media
- Common in reports about traffic, accidents, strikes, economic issues, and political stalemates.
- Technical Manuals
- Used in instructions for operating or maintaining machinery, vehicles, or security systems.
Learners of French often make mistakes with 'immobiliser', primarily due to confusion with similar-sounding words or misapplication of its literal versus figurative meanings. One common error is using it when a simpler verb like 'arrêter' (to stop) or 'bloquer' (to block) would suffice and sound more natural. While 'immobiliser' implies a more thorough or prolonged cessation of movement, overuse can sound overly formal or even incorrect in casual contexts.
Another frequent mistake involves conjugation, especially with the past participle. Forgetting to agree the past participle 'immobilisé' with the subject in gender and number when using 'être' as the auxiliary verb (as in the passive voice or reflexive form) is a common pitfall. For example, saying 'La voiture est immobilisé' instead of 'La voiture est immobilisée' (feminine singular agreement).
Confusion can also arise between the literal and figurative meanings. While 'immobiliser' can describe a car being stuck in mud, it might sound awkward to say 'La conversation nous a immobilisés' (The conversation immobilized us) when 'nous a arrêtés' (stopped us) or 'nous a bloqués' (blocked us) might be more idiomatic. The figurative use requires a strong sense of being completely halted or unable to progress, not just a temporary pause.
The reflexive form, 's'immobiliser', is also a source of error. Learners might use it when a direct object is intended, or vice-versa. For instance, saying 'Il immobilise' when they mean 'Il s'immobilise' (He freezes/stops himself). The reflexive implies the subject is the one stopping themselves or becoming stopped.
Incorrect: 'Le projet a été arrêté par le manque de fonds.' (The project was stopped by lack of funds.) Correct: 'Le projet a été immobilisé par le manque de fonds.' (The project was immobilized by lack of funds.)
- Overuse of 'immobiliser'
- Using 'immobiliser' for minor stops instead of 'arrêter' or 'bloquer'.
- Agreement Errors
- Forgetting gender and number agreement with the past participle 'immobilisé'.
- Confusing Reflexive and Transitive
- Misusing 's'immobiliser' (to become immobilized) for when something else is being immobilized.
While 'immobiliser' has a specific nuance of bringing something to a complete standstill, several other French words can be used depending on the context and desired emphasis. Understanding these alternatives will enrich your vocabulary and allow for more precise expression.
- Arrêter
- Meaning: To stop, to halt. Usage: This is a general-purpose verb for stopping. It can be used for brief stops or more permanent ones. 'Arrêter la voiture' (to stop the car). 'Arrêter un projet' (to stop a project). It's less emphatic about the completeness of the stop than 'immobiliser'.
- Bloquer
- Meaning: To block, to jam, to deadlock. Usage: This implies an obstruction that prevents movement or progress. 'Le trafic est bloqué' (Traffic is blocked). 'La procédure a bloqué le processus' (The procedure blocked the process). It often suggests an external force causing the stoppage.
- Stagner
- Meaning: To stagnate, to be stagnant. Usage: Used specifically for abstract concepts like economies, projects, or careers that are not progressing. 'L'économie stagne' (The economy is stagnating). This is a figurative use, implying a lack of growth or movement.
- Geler
- Meaning: To freeze. Usage: Can be literal (to freeze water) or figurative (to freeze assets, budgets, or projects). 'Le gouvernement a geler les dépenses' (The government froze spending). 'Les négociations sont gelées' (Negotiations are frozen). It implies a temporary but complete halt.
- Paralyser
- Meaning: To paralyze. Usage: Very similar to 'immobiliser' in its figurative sense, often used for conditions that severely limit or stop action or function. 'La peur l'a paralysé' (Fear paralyzed him). 'Une grève majeure pourrait paralyser le pays' (A major strike could paralyze the country). It suggests a severe inability to act.
'Immobiliser' implies a more complete and often intentional stop than 'arrêter'.
When choosing between these words, consider the nature of the stoppage. If it's a simple stop, 'arrêter' is usually sufficient. If there's an obstruction, 'bloquer' is fitting. For a complete lack of progress or growth, 'stagner' or 'paralyser' might be used. 'Geler' suggests a temporary, often imposed, halt. 'Immobiliser' is best when you want to convey a thorough cessation of movement, whether physical or abstract, often with the implication of preventing future movement or action.
'Immobiliser' vs 'Bloquer': 'Immobiliser' suggests a complete halt, while 'bloquer' suggests an obstruction.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The concept of 'immobilis' has been used in various fields. In philosophy, it could refer to an unmoved mover. In physics, it relates to the concept of inertia. The French verb 'immobiliser' captures this essence of preventing motion or change.
発音ガイド
- Mispronouncing the 'i' in the second syllable.
- Incorrectly placing the stress on the first or third syllable.
- Confusing it with similar-sounding words.
- Using it in contexts where a simpler verb would be more appropriate.
- Forgetting to conjugate it correctly in different tenses.
難易度
The word itself is not overly complex, but its figurative meanings and common collocations require a good understanding of context. Recognizing when it's used literally versus figuratively is key for comprehension.
Conjugation needs to be mastered, especially agreement in passive and reflexive forms. Choosing the right context for its figurative use can be challenging.
Pronunciation is straightforward, but using it naturally in conversation, especially in its figurative sense, requires practice and confidence.
Understanding the nuances of 'immobiliser' in spoken French depends on recognizing the context and the speaker's intent, particularly distinguishing literal from figurative uses.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
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知っておくべき文法
Agreement of the past participle with 'être'.
La voiture (f. sg.) est immobilisée. Les voitures (f. pl.) sont immobilisées.
Use of direct object pronouns with transitive verbs.
Je l'ai immobilisée (la voiture).
Reflexive verbs (se immobiliser).
Il s'immobilise de peur.
Passive voice construction.
Le véhicule est immobilisé par la police.
Verb conjugation in different tenses (présent, passé composé, futur simple).
Je mobilise, J'ai immobilisé, J'immobiliserai.
レベル別の例文
Le chat est immobile.
The cat is still/motionless.
Immobile is an adjective here, not the verb immobiliser.
La voiture ne bouge pas.
The car does not move.
Simple present tense of 'bouger'.
Je suis fatigué, je veux rester ici.
I am tired, I want to stay here.
Expressing a desire to not move.
L'oiseau est sur la branche.
The bird is on the branch.
Describing a stationary object.
Le train est arrêté.
The train is stopped.
Past participle used as an adjective.
Je ne peux pas marcher.
I cannot walk.
Expressing inability to move.
Il fait froid, il ne bouge pas.
It's cold, he doesn't move.
Combining weather and lack of movement.
La porte est fermée.
The door is closed.
Describing a static state.
Le vélo est tombé et il ne peut plus avancer.
The bicycle fell and it can no longer move forward.
Using 'ne peut plus' to express inability to move.
À cause de la neige, les voitures sont bloquées.
Because of the snow, the cars are blocked.
Using 'bloquées' (blocked) as an adjective.
J'ai une entorse et mon pied est immobilisé.
I have a sprain and my foot is immobilized.
Using the past participle 'immobilisé' as an adjective.
La police a arrêté le suspect.
The police stopped the suspect.
Using 'arrêter' for stopping a person.
Le concert a été annulé, donc le groupe ne jouera pas.
The concert was cancelled, so the band will not play.
Expressing a halt in activity.
La grève a immobilisé les transports en commun.
The strike immobilized public transport.
Using 'immobiliser' figuratively for public transport.
Il reste immobile devant la statue.
He remains motionless in front of the statue.
Using 'immobile' as an adjective to describe a person.
La porte s'est coincée et je ne peux pas l'ouvrir.
The door got stuck and I cannot open it.
Describing something being stuck.
Le gouvernement a décidé d'immobiliser les fonds pour la recherche.
The government decided to freeze the funds for research.
Figurative use: 'immobiliser les fonds' means to freeze or block funds.
Une chute de neige abondante pourrait immobiliser la région pendant plusieurs jours.
Heavy snowfall could immobilize the region for several days.
Figurative use: immobilizing a region due to weather.
Le technicien doit immobiliser la machine avant de commencer la réparation.
The technician must immobilize the machine before starting the repair.
Literal use: stopping a machine for maintenance.
Suite à l'accident, les deux véhicules se sont immobilisés l'un contre l'autre.
Following the accident, the two vehicles came to a standstill against each other.
Literal use: vehicles stopping after an impact.
Les procédures administratives ont tendance à immobiliser les projets innovants.
Administrative procedures tend to immobilize innovative projects.
Figurative use: administrative processes halting projects.
Le blessé est resté immobilisé sur le terrain pendant que les secours arrivaient.
The injured person remained immobilized on the field while the rescue services arrived.
Literal use: a person being unable to move due to injury.
La peur de l'échec peut immobiliser même les personnes les plus talentueuses.
The fear of failure can immobilize even the most talented people.
Figurative use: fear preventing action.
Les manifestations ont immobilisé le centre-ville.
The demonstrations immobilized the city center.
Figurative use: protests halting activity in an area.
Les nouvelles réglementations environnementales risquent d'immobiliser certains secteurs industriels.
The new environmental regulations risk immobilizing certain industrial sectors.
Figurative use: regulations causing industrial standstill.
Le blocage politique a complètement immobilisé la capacité du gouvernement à réagir.
The political deadlock has completely immobilized the government's ability to react.
Figurative use: political deadlock preventing action.
Pour des raisons de sécurité, le véhicule doit être immobilisé avant toute intervention sur le moteur.
For safety reasons, the vehicle must be immobilized before any work on the engine.
Literal use: securing a vehicle for mechanical work.
La crise économique a eu pour effet d'immobiliser le marché immobilier.
The economic crisis had the effect of immobilizing the real estate market.
Figurative use: economic crisis halting the property market.
Le système de freinage d'urgence est conçu pour immobiliser le train en cas de danger imminent.
The emergency braking system is designed to immobilize the train in case of imminent danger.
Literal use: emergency system stopping a train.
L'absence de consensus a immobilisé le projet pendant des mois.
The lack of consensus immobilized the project for months.
Figurative use: lack of agreement halting a project.
La douleur intense l'a immobilisé sur le sol, incapable de bouger.
The intense pain immobilized him on the floor, unable to move.
Literal use: pain preventing movement.
La technologie de reconnaissance faciale peut être utilisée pour immobiliser un drone non autorisé.
Facial recognition technology can be used to immobilize an unauthorized drone.
Technical use: disabling a drone.
Les tensions géopolitiques actuelles menacent d'immobiliser le commerce international.
Current geopolitical tensions threaten to immobilize international trade.
Figurative use: geopolitical issues halting global trade.
La bureaucratie excessive a souvent pour effet d'immobiliser l'innovation et la prise de risque.
Excessive bureaucracy often has the effect of immobilizing innovation and risk-taking.
Figurative use: bureaucracy stifling innovation.
Il est crucial d'immobiliser le véhicule à l'aide de cales avant de soulever la carrosserie.
It is crucial to immobilize the vehicle using chocks before lifting the bodywork.
Literal use: specific mechanical safety procedure.
La crise financière a temporairement immobilisé l'investissement dans le secteur technologique.
The financial crisis temporarily immobilized investment in the technology sector.
Figurative use: financial crisis halting investment.
Après l'impact, les deux voitures furent immobilisées, rendant la circulation impossible.
After the impact, both cars were immobilized, making traffic impossible.
Literal use: cars stopped due to an accident, causing a traffic jam.
La peur de représailles a eu tendance à immobiliser toute tentative de dénonciation.
The fear of reprisals tended to immobilize any attempt at denunciation.
Figurative use: fear preventing whistleblowing.
Les mesures de confinement ont effectivement immobilisé la population pendant la pandémie.
The lockdown measures effectively immobilized the population during the pandemic.
Figurative use: lockdown preventing movement.
La complexité des lois a conduit à immobiliser le développement de nouvelles infrastructures.
The complexity of laws has led to immobilizing the development of new infrastructure.
Figurative use: legal complexity halting infrastructure projects.
L'inertie des structures établies risque d'immobiliser toute velléité de réforme profonde.
The inertia of established structures risks immobilizing any desire for deep reform.
Figurative use: established systems preventing significant change.
La stratégie de déstabilisation visait à immobiliser l'économie adverse par un embargo total.
The destabilization strategy aimed to immobilize the adversary's economy through a total embargo.
Figurative use: economic warfare to halt an economy.
Le protocole de sécurité exige que l'appareil soit complètement immobilisé avant le démontage.
The safety protocol requires the device to be completely immobilized before disassembly.
Literal use: strict safety procedure for equipment.
Une paralysie décisionnelle chronique a fini par immobiliser l'élan réformateur.
Chronic decision-making paralysis ended up immobilizing the reformist momentum.
Figurative use: chronic indecision halting reform.
Les mouvements de protestation ont réussi à immobiliser le flux logistique du pays.
The protest movements succeeded in immobilizing the country's logistical flow.
Figurative use: protests disrupting national logistics.
La rigidité dogmatique de l'institution a pu immobiliser son développement doctrinal.
The dogmatic rigidity of the institution may have immobilized its doctrinal development.
Figurative use: rigid ideology preventing intellectual growth.
Les conditions climatiques extrêmes ont immobilisé les opérations militaires dans la région.
The extreme climatic conditions immobilized military operations in the region.
Literal use: weather preventing military action.
L'incapacité à anticiper les changements du marché a immobilisé l'entreprise dans une stratégie obsolète.
The inability to anticipate market changes immobilized the company in an obsolete strategy.
Figurative use: poor foresight leading to outdated strategies.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— To immobilize and tow a vehicle to an impound lot, typically because of a parking violation or being involved in a crime.
La voiture mal garée a été immobilisée et mise en fourrière.
— To immobilize for safety reasons, often in a technical or medical context.
Il est essentiel d'immobiliser le patient par mesure de sécurité avant de le déplacer.
— To obstruct or hinder the administration of justice.
Tenter d'immobiliser le cours de la justice est un crime grave.
— To completely prevent any attempt at something.
Les mesures de sécurité ont immobilisé toute tentative d'intrusion.
— To halt or block the process of making decisions.
Le conflit interne a réussi à immobiliser le processus décisionnel de l'entreprise.
よく混同される語
Immobile is an adjective meaning 'not moving' or 'stationary'. 'Immobiliser' is the verb meaning 'to make something immobile'.
Mobiliser means 'to mobilize', 'to gather', or 'to bring into action'. It is the direct opposite of immobiliser.
Stagner means 'to stagnate' and is primarily used for abstract concepts like economies or projects that are not progressing. While it implies a lack of movement, 'immobiliser' suggests a more complete and often deliberate stop.
慣用句と表現
— To be rooted to the spot, unable to move due to surprise, fear, or shock. It's a strong figurative immobilization.
En entendant la nouvelle, il est resté cloué sur place, incapable de réagir.
Figurative— To be completely restrained or unable to act due to circumstances or restrictions. Similar to being figuratively immobilized.
Avec toutes ces contraintes, j'ai l'impression d'avoir les pieds et poings liés.
Figurative— To be in a deadlock or a situation where no progress can be made. This is a figurative immobilization of a situation.
Les négociations sont dans une impasse depuis des semaines.
Figurative— To be frozen by fear, unable to move or act.
Elle était figée par la peur devant le chien menaçant.
Figurative— To leave land fallow, unused. Figuratively, it can mean to put something on hold or leave it inactive, thus immobilizing it.
Le projet a été mis en jachère faute de financements.
Figurative間違えやすい
Both verbs relate to stopping movement.
'Arrêter' is a more general term for stopping. It can imply a brief pause or a complete stop. 'Immobiliser' specifically implies making something unable to move, often for a longer duration or with a sense of being completely halted. For example, you 'arrêter' a car at a red light, but a car with a broken engine is 'immobilisée'.
J'ai arrêté la musique. Le pneu crevé a immobilisé la voiture.
Both verbs describe preventing movement.
'Bloquer' suggests an obstruction or a blockage that prevents movement. 'Immobiliser' implies making something unable to move, often by securing it or disabling it. A jammed door is 'bloquée', but a car with its wheels clamped is 'immobilisée'. Figuratively, 'bloquer' often means to obstruct a process, while 'immobiliser' means to halt it completely.
Le rocher bloque le passage. La police a immobilisé le suspect.
Both verbs can be used figuratively to describe a complete lack of action or progress.
'Paralyser' often implies a severe inability to act, often due to shock, fear, or a debilitating condition (literally or figuratively). 'Immobiliser' is more about causing a state of being unable to move or function. A person can be 'paralysé' by fear, and a system can be 'immobilisé' by lack of funding.
La peur l'a paralysé. Le manque de fonds a immobilisé le projet.
Both verbs can imply a halt or cessation of activity.
'Geler' literally means 'to freeze' (like water). Figuratively, it means to halt or suspend something temporarily, such as budgets, salaries, or projects. 'Immobiliser' implies making something unable to move or function, often more permanently or thoroughly than 'geler'. 'Geler' often suggests a temporary suspension, while 'immobiliser' suggests a more complete stop.
Le gouvernement a gelé les prix. La panne a immobilisé la production.
Both relate to a lack of progress or movement.
'Stagner' specifically refers to a lack of development or growth, particularly in abstract contexts like economies, markets, or careers. It implies a state of being stuck and not improving. 'Immobiliser' is a more active verb, meaning to cause something to stop moving or functioning. An economy can stagnate naturally, but a project might be deliberately 'immobilisé' by a decision.
L'économie stagne. Les sanctions ont immobilisé le commerce.
文型パターン
Sujet + immobiliser + objet.
La neige a immobilisé les voitures.
Être + immobilisé(e)(s).
Mon pied est immobilisé.
Sujet + immobiliser + objet + à cause de + cause.
La panne a immobilisé le train à cause d'un problème technique.
Se + immobiliser.
Il s'est immobilisé devant la porte.
Immobiliser + objet + par + moyen.
Il faut immobiliser le véhicule par des cales.
Figurative use: Sujet (abstract) + immobiliser + objet (abstract).
Les conflits ont immobilisé le commerce international.
Être immobilisé + par + cause (abstract).
Le projet est immobilisé par la bureaucratie.
Il faut + immobiliser + objet + pour + raison.
Il faut immobiliser l'équipement pour maintenance.
語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
使い方
High
-
Using 'immobiliser' when 'arrêter' would be more appropriate.
→
J'ai arrêté la voiture au feu rouge.
For a simple, temporary stop like at a traffic light, 'arrêter' is more natural and common than 'immobiliser'. 'Immobiliser' implies a more complete and prolonged stop.
-
Forgetting agreement of the past participle 'immobilisé' with 'être'.
→
La moto a été immobilisée par la police.
Since 'immobiliser' uses 'avoir' as the auxiliary verb in the active voice, the participle doesn't agree. However, in the passive voice ('être immobilisé'), it must agree with the subject. 'Moto' is feminine singular, so 'immobilisée'.
-
Using 'immobiliser' for a minor obstruction.
→
Le rocher bloque la route.
If something is simply blocking a path, 'bloquer' is often more suitable than 'immobiliser'. 'Immobiliser' suggests a more complete inability to move or function.
-
Confusing 's'immobiliser' (to become immobilized) with immobiliser (to immobilize someone/something else).
→
Le choc l'a immobilisé. Il s'est immobilisé de peur.
The first sentence shows the direct object 'l'' being immobilized. The second shows the reflexive form, where the subject ('Il') becomes immobilized.
-
Using 'immobiliser' for a state of stagnation without a clear cause of stoppage.
→
L'économie stagne depuis plusieurs années.
'Stagner' is better for describing a lack of growth or progress over time. 'Immobiliser' implies a more active stopping of movement or function, usually by an external factor or decision.
ヒント
Mastering the Stress
The word 'immobiliser' has the stress on the second syllable: im-MO-bi-li-ser. Practice saying it aloud to get the rhythm right. This will help native speakers understand you more easily.
Literal vs. Figurative
Always consider the context. If you're talking about a car breakdown or a broken bone, it's literal. If you're discussing stalled projects or economic downturns, it's figurative. This distinction is key to using the word correctly.
Past Participle Agreement
Remember that when 'immobiliser' is used in the passive voice or reflexively (with 'être'), the past participle 'immobilisé' must agree in gender and number with the subject. For example, 'la voiture est immobilisée' (feminine singular), 'les machines sont immobilisées' (feminine plural).
Synonym Spectrum
Understand that 'immobiliser' is a strong term. While 'arrêter' or 'bloquer' can mean to stop, 'immobiliser' implies a more complete and often longer-lasting halt. Use it when you want to emphasize the severity of the stoppage.
Reflexive Form 'S'immobiliser'
The reflexive form 's'immobiliser' means 'to become immobilized' or 'to freeze'. It's often used when someone is stopped by emotion like fear or surprise. For example, 'Il s'est immobilisé de choc'.
Link to 'Immobile'
Connect the verb 'immobiliser' to the adjective 'immobile' (immovable). If something is 'immobile', it cannot move. The verb is the action of making it so.
Sentence Building
Create sentences using 'immobiliser' in different tenses and contexts. Try using it with direct objects, in the passive voice, and reflexively to solidify your understanding.
Impact of Stoppage
In French culture, disruption to daily life (like transport strikes) or economic stagnation is often discussed using strong terms. 'Immobiliser' fits well into these discussions to convey the significant negative impact of such events.
Key Collocations
Familiarize yourself with common phrases like 'immobiliser un véhicule', 'immobiliser la circulation', and 'immobiliser un projet'. These will help you use the word more naturally.
Opposite Actions
Knowing the antonyms like 'mettre en mouvement' (to set in motion) or 'faire avancer' (to make progress) helps define 'immobiliser' by contrast.
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記憶術
Imagine a knight trying to immobiliser a dragon. He uses his shield to immobiliser the dragon's legs, preventing it from moving. The 'im' at the start sounds like 'him', and 'mobiliser' sounds like 'mobile', so think of 'him not mobile'.
視覚的連想
Picture a car with its wheels completely locked or blocked by large wedges, unable to move an inch. The word 'immobiliser' visually represents this complete halt.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to use 'immobiliser' in three different sentences: one literal, one figurative, and one using the reflexive form 's'immobiliser'.
語源
The word 'immobiliser' originates from the Latin word 'immobilis', meaning 'immovable'. This is formed from 'in-' (not) and 'mobilis' (movable). The French verb was formed by adding the common verb suffix '-iser' to the root.
元の意味： Not movable.
Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > French文化的な背景
While the term itself is neutral, its application can carry negative connotations, implying a lack of progress, stagnation, or being trapped. Care should be taken when using it figuratively, ensuring the context is clear and not overly dramatic unless intended.
In English-speaking cultures, the concept is similar, with words like 'immobilize', 'halt', 'freeze', and 'block' conveying related meanings. The frustration with bureaucracy or political gridlock leading to 'immobilization' is a universal theme.
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実際の使用場面
Traffic and Transportation
- immobiliser la circulation
- immobiliser un véhicule
- la voiture est immobilisée
Business and Economics
- immobiliser les fonds
- immobiliser le marché
- l'économie est immobilisée
Politics and Administration
- immobiliser le gouvernement
- immobiliser un projet
- les procédures ont immobilisé le processus
Medicine and Health
- immobiliser un membre
- le patient est immobilisé
Technology and Mechanics
- immobiliser une machine
- immobiliser le moteur
- le système est immobilisé
会話のきっかけ
"Have you ever experienced a situation where you felt completely immobilized by fear or indecision?"
"What are some common reasons why traffic gets immobilized in your city?"
"How do you think excessive bureaucracy can immobilize innovation in companies?"
"When a country's economy is immobilized, what are the typical consequences?"
"Can you think of a time when a medical condition immobilized you or someone you know?"
日記のテーマ
Describe a time when a physical object or situation completely immobilized you. What was it, and how did you feel?
Reflect on a project or goal you had that became immobilized. What were the reasons for this, and what did you learn from it?
Imagine you are a government official. What measures would you take to avoid immobilizing the economy during a crisis?
Write a short story where a character is literally immobilized by something unexpected. How do they cope?
Discuss the difference between being temporarily stopped and being permanently immobilized. Provide examples for each.
よくある質問
10 問While both verbs mean 'to stop', 'immobiliser' implies a more complete and often prolonged cessation of movement or function. 'Arrêter' can be a temporary stop, like stopping at a traffic light, whereas 'immobiliser' suggests being rendered unable to move, like a car with a flat tire or a project halted by financial issues.
Yes, 'immobiliser' can be used for people, usually in a figurative sense or when referring to medical necessity. For example, 'La peur l'a immobilisé' (Fear immobilized him) or 'Il faut immobiliser la jambe blessée' (The injured leg must be immobilized). The reflexive form 's'immobiliser' (to become immobilized) is also common for people.
To 'immobiliser les fonds' means to freeze or block funds, preventing them from being accessed or used. This is often done by banks or financial institutions for legal or security reasons, such as during an investigation.
Generally, 'immobiliser' is used in a negative context, as it implies a stop, a blockage, or a lack of progress. However, in specific contexts like security or medical treatment, it can be a necessary and therefore neutral or positive action (e.g., immobilizing a suspect's vehicle for evidence, or immobilizing a broken bone to aid healing).
As an '-er' verb, 'immobiliser' uses 'avoir' as its auxiliary verb in the passé composé. The past participle is 'immobilisé'. For example: 'J'ai immobilisé le véhicule.' (I immobilized the vehicle).
'Bloquer' implies an obstruction that prevents movement, like a traffic jam. 'Immobiliser' suggests making something unable to move or function, often by securing it or disabling it. For instance, a road can be 'bloquée' by snow, but a car with a faulty engine is 'immobilisée'.
Yes, 'immobiliser' is frequently used for abstract concepts like projects, economies, negotiations, or even political bodies. In these cases, it means to halt progress or development completely. For example, 'Les négociations sont immobilisées' (The negotiations are immobilized).
The main opposites are 'mettre en mouvement' (to set in motion), 'faire avancer' (to make progress), 'dynamiser' (to energize), and 'activer' (to activate).
The past participle is 'immobilisé'. It needs to agree in gender and number with the subject when used with the auxiliary verb 'être' (in passive voice or reflexive form), e.g., 'la voiture est immobilisée', 'les projets sont immobilisés'.
Yes, the main noun form is 'immobilisation', which means the act of immobilizing or the state of being immobilized. There is also 'immobilisme', which refers to a policy or attitude of resistance to change or progress.
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Summary
To immobilize means to completely stop something from moving or functioning, whether it's a physical object, a person, a process, or an economy. It implies a state of being stuck or halted, often for a significant period.
- To stop movement completely.
- To bring to a standstill, literally or figuratively.
- To prevent any further progress or action.
- To render immobile.
Mastering the Stress
The word 'immobiliser' has the stress on the second syllable: im-MO-bi-li-ser. Practice saying it aloud to get the rhythm right. This will help native speakers understand you more easily.
Literal vs. Figurative
Always consider the context. If you're talking about a car breakdown or a broken bone, it's literal. If you're discussing stalled projects or economic downturns, it's figurative. This distinction is key to using the word correctly.
Past Participle Agreement
Remember that when 'immobiliser' is used in the passive voice or reflexively (with 'être'), the past participle 'immobilisé' must agree in gender and number with the subject. For example, 'la voiture est immobilisée' (feminine singular), 'les machines sont immobilisées' (feminine plural).
Synonym Spectrum
Understand that 'immobiliser' is a strong term. While 'arrêter' or 'bloquer' can mean to stop, 'immobiliser' implies a more complete and often longer-lasting halt. Use it when you want to emphasize the severity of the stoppage.
関連コンテンツ
travelの関連語
à bord de
B1船、飛行機、またはその他の乗り物に乗っていること。
à destination de
B1～行きの、～を目的地とする。
à l'étranger
A2海外で、または海外へ。
à pied
A2乗り物を使わずに、自分の足で歩いて移動すること。
à quel prix
B1「いくらで」または「どんな犠牲を払って」を意味し、金額または必要な犠牲について尋ねます。
à vélo
B1自転車で移動すること。交通手段として自転車を使うこと。
aboutissement
B1長い旅やプロジェクトの最終地点。
accès
A2建物の入り口（accès）はあちらです。
accès à bord
B1バス、電車、飛行機などの乗り物に乗る行為。 / 乗客が交通手段に乗ることを許可される瞬間。
accès internet
B1インターネットアクセス。
