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B2 adjective 8分で読める

पतनशील

patansheel
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解説 पतनशील in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'Patanasheel' is a bit too difficult. You should focus on simpler words like 'Bura' (Bad) or 'Girna' (To fall). Imagine a toy falling down; that is 'Girna.' But 'Patanasheel' is not for toys. It is for big things like a kingdom or a very old building that is slowly breaking. You won't need to use this word in daily life, but if you see it, just remember it means 'getting worse' or 'going down' in a serious way. For example, if you see a picture of an old, broken castle, a teacher might say it is in a 'Patanasheel' state. Think of it as 'Super-formal falling.'
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At A2, you can start to recognize 'Patanasheel' as a formal adjective. You know the word 'Patan' means 'fall' from history lessons (like the fall of an empire). The 'Sheel' part means it's the nature of the thing. So, 'Patanasheel' describes something that is naturally declining. You might see this in a simple news headline about a 'Patanasheel economy.' Instead of just saying the economy is 'bad' (kharab), the news uses this word to sound more professional. It's a good word to know if you want to read Hindi newspapers or watch the news, even if you don't use it in your own speaking yet.
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For B1 learners, 'Patanasheel' is a great 'bridge' word to more advanced Hindi. You should understand that it is used for abstract things. If you are writing an essay about 'Modern Society,' you can use 'Patanasheel Mulya' (declining values) to impress your readers. It shows that you understand the difference between a physical fall and a metaphorical decline. At this level, you should be able to distinguish between 'Girta hua' (which you use for prices or rain) and 'Patanasheel' (which you use for systems and ethics). It’s about choosing the right 'flavor' of decline for the right situation.
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At B2, you are expected to use 'Patanasheel' accurately in formal writing and discussions. You should understand its Sanskrit roots and how it fits into the 'Tatsama' vocabulary of Hindi. You can use it to discuss historical trends, political decay, or literary themes. For example, when analyzing a story by Premchand, you might discuss the 'Patanasheel feudal system.' You should also be aware of its synonyms like 'Adhogami' or 'Kshaykari' and know that 'Patanasheel' is the most common choice for describing a general state of systemic deterioration. Your usage should be grammatically correct, placing it before the noun without changing its form.
C1 learners should appreciate the philosophical and socio-political weight of 'Patanasheel.' It is not just a descriptor; it often carries a critique. When a scholar uses this word, they are often implying a loss of original glory or a deviation from an ideal state. You should be able to use it in complex sentence structures and pair it with other high-level vocabulary. For instance, 'Aadhunikta ke naam par patanasheel sanskriti ka anukaran' (Imitating a declining culture in the name of modernity). You should also recognize its use in specific academic fields like Marxist criticism or Indology, where it has specific theoretical connotations.
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At C2, you have a near-native grasp of 'Patanasheel.' You can use it with precision to denote the 'decadence' of an era or the 'entropy' of a system. You understand its rhythmic and aesthetic value in poetry or high-prose. You might use it to discuss the 'Patanasheel pravritti' (declining tendency) of human nature in a philosophical debate. You are also aware of how the word has evolved in modern Hindi discourse—sometimes used ironically or in very specific political contexts. Your mastery allows you to use it naturally, ensuring the register of the surrounding words matches its high-level, Sanskritized tone perfectly.
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पतनशील 30秒で

  • Patanasheel is a formal Hindi adjective meaning 'declining' or 'deteriorating.'
  • It comes from Sanskrit roots 'Patan' (fall) and 'Sheel' (nature/habit).
  • Commonly used for abstract concepts like morality, economies, and civilizations.
  • It is a high-register word used in news, literature, and academic discussions.

The Hindi word पतनशील (patanaśīla) is a sophisticated adjective that translates most accurately to 'declining,' 'decaying,' or 'deteriorating.' It is derived from two Sanskrit roots: पतन (patan), meaning 'fall' or 'decline,' and the suffix शील (sheel), which denotes a tendency, nature, or habit. When you describe something as पतनशील, you are not just saying it is 'bad' or 'broken'; you are implying a process of downward movement, either physically, morally, or economically. This word is a staple of formal Hindi, often appearing in academic discussions, historical analyses, and news reports regarding societal shifts.

Etymological Essence
The root 'Patan' implies a gravity-led descent. When combined with 'Sheel,' it creates a characterization of an entity whose very nature at that moment is to fall. It is often used to describe empires, moral values, or architectural structures that have passed their prime.

इतिहासकारों ने इस साम्राज्य को पतनशील संस्कृति का उदाहरण माना है। (Historians have considered this empire an example of a declining culture.)

In everyday conversation, you might not use this word to describe a 'declining' battery on your phone; that would be too formal. Instead, you use it when discussing 'declining values' (पतनशील मूल्य) or a 'deteriorating society' (पतनशील समाज). It carries a weight of seriousness and often a hint of tragedy. It suggests that the glory days are over and the current state is one of inevitable or ongoing loss. For an English speaker, think of words like 'decadent' (in the historical sense) or 'in decline.'

Moral Connotation
Often used in a judgmental sense to describe a person or group losing their ethical compass. If a society ignores the poor, a critic might call it a 'Patanasheel Samaj.'

आज की पतनशील राजनीति में ईमानदारी दुर्लभ है। (In today's declining politics, honesty is rare.)

To master this word, one must understand that it describes a state of being rather than a sudden action. A 'falling' leaf is girta hua, but a 'declining' economy that has been struggling for years is patanasheel. It provides a panoramic view of a situation, looking at the trajectory over time. It is a 'high-register' word, meaning it elevates your Hindi to a professional or literary level.

Physical vs. Metaphorical
While it can describe a building that is physically falling apart, it is 90% of the time used for abstract concepts like morality, power, and influence.

यह इमारत अब एक पतनशील अवस्था में है। (This building is now in a deteriorating state.)

Using पतनशील correctly requires placing it before the noun it modifies, as it acts as a descriptive adjective. Because it is a Tatsama word (derived directly from Sanskrit), it pairs best with other formal Hindi words. You wouldn't usually pair it with English loanwords or very casual slang. It remains unchanged regardless of the gender or number of the noun it qualifies in most standard uses, though its context defines its weight.

Describing Systems
When talking about an economy or a political system that is losing its strength, 'Patanasheel' is the perfect choice. It suggests a systemic failure.

देश की पतनशील अर्थव्यवस्था को सुधारने के लिए कड़े कदम उठाने होंगे। (Strict steps must be taken to improve the country's declining economy.)

In literature, you will see it used to describe the moral decay of a protagonist or a community. It adds a layer of inevitability. If a character is losing their virtues, they are becoming patanasheel. Note how it sounds more tragic than simply saying they are 'becoming bad.' It implies they were once high up and are now sliding down.

Describing Morality
Moral decline is perhaps the most common abstract use. It refers to the loss of values like honesty, integrity, and compassion.

समाज में पतनशील मूल्यों के प्रति चिंता बढ़ रही है। (Concern is growing towards declining values in society.)

You can also use it in a more physical sense, though less frequently. For example, a forest that is dying due to pollution or a building that is crumbling. However, even here, the focus is on the *process* of decline. If the building has already fallen, you wouldn't use this word; you would use dhvast (destroyed).

Historical Context
Historians use it to describe the 'Late' period of an empire, like the 'Patanasheel Mughal Kaal' (The declining Mughal era).

उसने एक पतनशील राजवंश की कहानी लिखी। (He wrote the story of a declining dynasty.)

You will rarely hear पतनशील in a vegetable market or while hanging out with friends at a cafe. It is a word of the 'intellectual sphere.' You will encounter it in news editorials (especially in Hindi newspapers like 'Dainik Jagran' or 'The Hindu' Hindi edition), in university lectures, and in high-quality literature (Sahitya).

In News and Media
News anchors or political analysts use it to criticize the state of affairs. If the judicial system is being criticized for being slow or corrupt, an analyst might call it 'Patanasheel Nyaypalika.'

समाचार पत्र ने शहर की पतनशील कानून-व्यवस्था पर लेख छापा। (The newspaper published an article on the city's deteriorating law and order.)

In Bollywood, you might hear it in period dramas or movies centered around social activism. Characters playing poets, professors, or stern fathers often use such heavy Sanskritized vocabulary to establish their authority or depth of character. For instance, a character might lament the patanasheel state of the youth.

In Literature (Sahitya)
Hindi novels of the Chhayavad or Pragativad eras are full of this word. It is used to describe the 'rotting' of old feudal systems to make way for the new.

प्रेमचंद की कहानियों में अक्सर पतनशील सामंतवाद का चित्रण मिलता है। (Premchand's stories often depict declining feudalism.)

Religious and philosophical discourses (Pravachans) also use this word. Gurus might talk about the patanasheel nature of the material world (Sansar), suggesting that everything in the physical realm is constantly in a state of decay and one should look for the eternal truth instead.

Academic Lectures
Professors of Sociology or History use this to describe the 'decline' phase of any cycle, like the 'Patanasheel avastha' (declining stage) of a civilization.

व्याख्यान में प्रोफेसर ने पतनशील आदर्शों की चर्चा की। (In the lecture, the professor discussed declining ideals.)

One of the most common mistakes learners make with पतनशील is using it for simple, physical downward movements. For instance, if you drop a glass, it is not patanasheel. That is a 'falling' object. Patanasheel is reserved for a process or a state of being. It is an internal quality of decline, not just a physical trajectory.

Confusion with 'Patit'
'Patit' (पतित) means 'fallen' (past tense). 'Patanasheel' means 'in the process of falling/declining' (adjective describing nature). A 'Patit' person has already sinned; a 'Patanasheel' person is in a state where their morals are currently eroding.

Incorrect: वह गेंद पतनशील है। (That ball is declining - sounds weird in Hindi). Correct: वह गेंद गिर रही है। (That ball is falling.)

Another mistake is overusing it in casual settings. If you tell your friend their phone's battery life is patanasheel, they might laugh because the word is too 'heavy' and academic for such a trivial matter. It would be like saying 'The energy storage of your telecommunication device is in a state of systemic deterioration' instead of 'Your battery is dying.'

Register Mismatch
Pairing it with slang or English words often feels jarring. 'Patanasheel vibe' sounds awkward. Stick to 'Patanasheel avastha' (declining state) or 'Patanasheel sanskriti' (declining culture).

Incorrect: उसकी पतनशील हेल्थ। (His declining health - 'Health' is English). Better: उसका गिरता हुआ स्वास्थ्य। (His declining health - using 'Girta hua' for health is more common, though 'Patanasheel' can work for 'Swasthya' in very formal medical reports.)

Lastly, remember that Patanasheel is an adjective, not a verb. You cannot say 'Vah patanasheel raha hai.' You must say 'Vah patanasheel avastha mein hai' (He is in a declining state). It describes the quality of the subject, not the action itself.

Hindi has several words that touch upon the concept of decline, but each has a slightly different flavor. Understanding these nuances will help you choose the right word for the right context. पतनशील is the most formal and systemic of the bunch.

Patanasheel vs. Girta hua
'Girta hua' (गिरता हुआ) is the literal 'falling.' It is common, used for prices, health, or rain. 'Patanasheel' is for civilizations, morals, and grand systems.
Patanasheel vs. Kshaykari
'Kshaykari' (क्षयकारी) means 'causing erosion' or 'wasting away.' It is often used in biological or environmental contexts, like 'Kshaykari bimari' (a wasting disease).

आर्थिक मंदी के कारण बाजार पतनशील है। (The market is declining due to economic recession.)

Another alternative is Adhogami (अधोगामी). This word literally means 'going downwards.' It is often used in technical or philosophical texts to describe the downward movement of energy or status. While Patanasheel describes the *nature* of the decline, Adhogami describes the *direction*.

Patanasheel vs. Bhrashta
'Bhrashta' (भ्रष्ट) means 'corrupt.' While a 'Patanasheel' person might be 'Bhrashta,' the former describes the process of their decline, while the latter describes their current broken state.

भ्रष्ट अधिकारियों ने पतनशील व्यवस्था का लाभ उठाया। (Corrupt officials took advantage of the declining system.)

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

In Sanskrit grammar, 'Sheel' is often used as a suffix to turn a noun or verb into an adjective describing a habitual quality. For example, 'Danasheel' means someone whose nature is to give (charitable). So, 'Patanasheel' literally means someone or something whose nature is to fall.

発音ガイド

UK /pə.t̪ən.ʃiːl/
US /pə.tən.ʃil/
Stress is evenly distributed, with a slight emphasis on the first syllable 'Pa' and the long vowel 'ee' in 'sheel'.
韻が合う語
शील (Sheel - nature) नील (Neel - blue) मील (Meel - mile) झील (Jheel - lake) कील (Keel - nail) अपील (Appeal - appeal) वकील (Vakeel - lawyer) ज़लील (Zaleel - insulted)
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing 'Patan' as 'Patten' (like the English word).
  • Using a retroflex 'T' instead of a dental 'T'.
  • Shortening the 'ee' in 'sheel' to a short 'i'.
  • Replacing 'sh' with 's' (Satan-seel instead of Patan-sheel).
  • Mumbling the 'n' in the middle.

難易度

読解 7/5

Common in newspapers and literature but requires knowledge of Sanskrit roots.

ライティング 8/5

Hard to use correctly without sounding overly formal or out of place.

スピーキング 8/5

Rarely used in casual speech; reserved for debates or formal presentations.

リスニング 6/5

Easy to recognize once you know 'Patan' (Fall).

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

पतन (Patan) शील (Sheel) अवस्था (Avastha) समाज (Samaj) मूल्य (Mulya)

次に学ぶ

अधोगामी (Adhogami) क्षयकारी (Kshaykari) पुनरुत्थान (Punarutthan) ह्रास (Hraas) उत्थान (Utthan)

上級

विनाशोन्मुख (Vinashonmukh) अवनतिग्रस्त (Avanatigrast) सामंतवाद (Samantvad) बुर्जुआ (Burjua) विमर्श (Vimarsh)

知っておくべき文法

Tatsama Adjectives

Words like 'Patanasheel' follow Sanskrit rules and usually don't change for gender/number in Hindi.

Compound Suffix '-sheel'

Adding '-sheel' to nouns to create adjectives (e.g., Karunasheel, Danasheel).

Genitive 'Ki' with Abstract Nouns

Samaj ki patanasheel avastha (The declining state of society).

Adjective Placement

Always place 'Patanasheel' before the noun it modifies.

Conjunctive Participles with State

Patanasheel hote hue bhi (Despite being in a declining state).

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レベル別の例文

1

यह पुराना घर पतनशील है।

This old house is declining (deteriorating).

Simple subject + adjective + verb structure.

2

पतनशील साम्राज्य की कहानी सुनो।

Listen to the story of the declining empire.

Adjective 'Patanasheel' modifying the noun 'Samrajya'.

3

वह एक पतनशील इमारत है।

That is a deteriorating building.

Use of 'vah' as a demonstrative pronoun.

4

पतनशील मूल्यों से बचो।

Stay away from declining values.

Imperative sentence using 'bacho' (stay away/save yourself).

5

राजा का किला पतनशील था।

The king's fort was declining (in ruins).

Past tense 'tha' used with the adjective.

6

यह पतनशील समाज की निशानी है।

This is a sign of a declining society.

Genitive construction 'Samaj ki nishani'.

7

पतनशील पेड़ गिर गया।

The decaying tree fell down.

Adjective modifying the subject 'ped'.

8

उसकी हालत पतनशील है।

His condition is declining.

Abstract noun 'halat' (condition) modified by the adjective.

1

इतिहास में कई पतनशील सभ्यताएं हैं।

There are many declining civilizations in history.

Plural noun 'sabhyatayein' with the adjective.

2

पतनशील अर्थव्यवस्था एक बड़ी समस्या है।

A declining economy is a big problem.

Noun phrase as the subject.

3

गाँव की पतनशील हालत देखकर दुख हुआ।

It was sad to see the deteriorating condition of the village.

Using 'dekhkar' (having seen) as a conjunctive participle.

4

पतनशील नैतिकता समाज को नष्ट करती है।

Declining morality destroys society.

Habitual present tense 'nasht karti hai'.

5

यह पतनशील परंपरा अब खत्म होनी चाहिए।

This declining tradition should end now.

Use of 'honi chahiye' (should be).

6

पतनशील महलों में अब कोई नहीं रहता।

No one lives in the decaying palaces anymore.

Locative case 'mahalon mein'.

7

उसने पतनशील मूल्यों के खिलाफ आवाज़ उठाई।

He raised his voice against declining values.

Postposition 'ke khilaf' (against).

8

पतनशील स्वास्थ्य के कारण वह काम नहीं कर सका।

He could not work due to declining health.

Reasoning using 'ke karan' (due to).

1

रोमन साम्राज्य के पतनशील काल का अध्ययन करें।

Study the declining period of the Roman Empire.

Imperative 'karein' (do/study).

2

पतनशील राजनीति ने जनता का विश्वास तोड़ दिया।

Declining politics broke the public's trust.

Transitive verb 'tod diya' with an object.

3

साहित्य में पतनशील नायक अक्सर दुखद होते हैं।

Declining heroes in literature are often tragic.

Adjective 'dukhad' (tragic).

4

पतनशील शिक्षा व्यवस्था में सुधार की ज़रूरत है।

The deteriorating education system needs reform.

Noun phrase 'shiksha vyavastha'.

5

क्या हम एक पतनशील युग में जी रहे हैं?

Are we living in a declining era?

Interrogative sentence.

6

पतनशील सामंतवाद ने नए वर्गों को जन्म दिया।

Declining feudalism gave birth to new classes.

Historical analysis register.

7

इस पतनशील ढांचे को सहारा देना मुश्किल है।

It is difficult to support this deteriorating structure.

Infinitive 'sahara dena' (to support).

8

पतनशील आदर्शों को बचाना हमारी ज़िम्मेदारी है।

It is our responsibility to save declining ideals.

Possessive 'hamari zimmedari'.

1

लेखक ने पतनशील बुर्जुआ संस्कृति पर तीखा प्रहार किया।

The author made a sharp attack on declining bourgeois culture.

Academic terms like 'burjua' (bourgeois) and 'prahaar' (attack).

2

पतनशील मूल्यों के इस दौर में हमें अपनी जड़ों को नहीं भूलना चाहिए।

In this era of declining values, we must not forget our roots.

Complex sentence with 'ke is daur mein'.

3

पतनशील अर्थव्यवस्था के बावजूद, कुछ क्षेत्र फल-फूल रहे हैं।

Despite the declining economy, some sectors are flourishing.

Concessive phrase 'ke bawajood' (despite).

4

सिनेमा अक्सर समाज की पतनशील प्रवृत्तियों का आईना होता है।

Cinema is often a mirror of society's declining tendencies.

Metaphorical use of 'aaina' (mirror).

5

पतनशील शासन के अंत में अराजकता फैल जाती है।

Anarchy spreads at the end of a declining rule.

Abstract noun 'arajakta' (anarchy).

6

पतनशील नैतिकता का प्रभाव युवा पीढ़ी पर स्पष्ट दिख रहा है।

The impact of declining morality is clearly visible on the younger generation.

Subject-verb agreement with 'dikha raha hai'.

7

उसकी पतनशील मानसिक स्थिति चिंता का विषय है।

His deteriorating mental state is a matter of concern.

Compound noun 'chinta ka vishay'.

8

पतनशील साम्राज्यों का इतिहास हमें बहुत कुछ सिखाता है।

The history of declining empires teaches us a lot.

Transitive verb 'sikhata hai'.

1

पतनशील सामंती व्यवस्था के अवशेष आज भी ग्रामीण अंचलों में देखे जा सकते हैं।

The remnants of the declining feudal system can still be seen in rural areas today.

Passive voice 'dekhe ja sakte hain'.

2

वैश्वीकरण ने कई पारंपरिक उद्योगों को पतनशील बना दिया है।

Globalization has made many traditional industries declining.

Causative construction with 'bana diya hai'.

3

पतनशील मूल्यों के विरुद्ध संघर्ष ही वास्तविक प्रगति है।

Struggle against declining values is the real progress.

Abstract philosophical statement.

4

आलोचक ने उपन्यास में वर्णित पतनशील मध्यम वर्ग की आलोचना की।

The critic criticized the declining middle class described in the novel.

Participial phrase 'varnit' (described).

5

पतनशील अवस्था में भी, उस पुरानी इमारत की भव्यता झलकती है।

Even in a deteriorating state, the grandeur of that old building is evident.

Concessive 'bhi' (even).

6

नैतिक रूप से पतनशील समाज लंबे समय तक जीवित नहीं रह सकता।

A morally declining society cannot survive for long.

Adverbial phrase 'Naitik roop se'.

7

पतनशील राजवंशों के आंतरिक कलह ही उनके विनाश का कारण बनते हैं।

The internal strifes of declining dynasties become the cause of their destruction.

Complex subject with genitive 'ke'.

8

यह पतनशील विचारधारा आधुनिक युग के लिए अनुपयुक्त है।

This declining ideology is unsuitable for the modern era.

Adjective 'anupyukt' (unsuitable).

1

पतनशील संस्कृतियों का मोह अक्सर पुनरुत्थान की संभावनाओं को अवरुद्ध कर देता है।

Attachment to declining cultures often blocks the possibilities of revival.

High-level vocabulary like 'punarutthan' (revival) and 'avaruddh' (blocked).

2

इतिहासकार गिब्बन ने रोमन साम्राज्य के पतनशील स्वरूप का विस्तृत विवरण दिया है।

Historian Gibbon has given a detailed account of the declining nature of the Roman Empire.

Perfective aspect 'diya hai'.

3

पतनशील मूल्यों की गर्त में गिरता हुआ समाज आत्म-चिंतन की क्षमता खो देता है।

A society falling into the abyss of declining values loses the capacity for self-reflection.

Metaphorical use of 'gart' (abyss).

4

साहित्यिक विमर्श में पतनशील नायक की त्रासदी को मानवीय नियति से जोड़ा जाता है।

In literary discourse, the tragedy of the declining hero is linked to human destiny.

Passive voice in academic discourse.

5

पतनशील राजनीतिक संस्थाएं अक्सर दमनकारी नीतियों का सहारा लेती हैं।

Declining political institutions often resort to oppressive policies.

Adjective 'damankari' (oppressive).

6

पतनशील अवस्था का मनोवैज्ञानिक प्रभाव व्यक्ति के आत्मविश्वास को झकझोर देता है।

The psychological impact of a deteriorating state shakes a person's self-confidence.

Verb 'jhakjhor dena' (to shake violently).

7

क्या पतनशील कला हमेशा एक पतनशील समाज का ही प्रतिबिंब होती है?

Is declining art always a reflection of a declining society only?

Complex interrogative with 'hamesha' and 'hi'.

8

पतनशील पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र को पुनर्जीवित करना एक वैश्विक चुनौती है।

Reviving a deteriorating ecosystem is a global challenge.

Scientific register 'paaristhitiki tantra' (ecosystem).

類義語

क्षयकारी अधोगामी अवनतिग्रस्त भ्रष्ट ह्रासमान गिरता हुआ जर्जर विनाशोन्मुख

反対語

उन्नतिशील प्रगतिशील विकासशील उत्थानशील

よく使う組み合わせ

पतनशील मूल्य
पतनशील अर्थव्यवस्था
पतनशील साम्राज्य
पतनशील संस्कृति
पतनशील अवस्था
पतनशील राजनीति
पतनशील समाज
पतनशील विचारधारा
पतनशील स्वास्थ्य
पतनशील राजवंश

よく使うフレーズ

पतनशील दौर

— An era or period of decline. It describes a time when things are getting worse.

यह मानवता के लिए एक पतनशील दौर है।

पतनशील प्रवृत्तियाँ

— Declining tendencies. Habits or trends that lead to a downfall.

समाज में पतनशील प्रवृत्तियाँ बढ़ रही हैं।

पतनशील मानसिकता

— A declining or decadent mindset. Thinking that lacks growth or ethics.

पतनशील मानसिकता प्रगति में बाधक है।

पतनशील ढांचा

— A deteriorating structure. Can be physical or organizational.

संस्था का पतनशील ढांचा सुधारना होगा।

पतनशील आदर्श

— Declining ideals. Values that are no longer respected.

पतनशील आदर्शों पर कोई गर्व नहीं करता।

पतनशील सभ्यता

— A declining civilization. Used in history to describe the end of eras.

पतनशील सभ्यता का अंत निश्चित है।

पतनशील नैतिकता

— Declining morality. A loss of ethical standards.

पतनशील नैतिकता भ्रष्टाचार को जन्म देती है।

पतनशील साहित्य

— Decadent literature. Literature that focuses on decay or lacks purpose.

आलोचक ने इसे पतनशील साहित्य कहा।

पतनशील परंपरा

— A declining tradition. A custom that is losing its relevance or purity.

यह एक पतनशील परंपरा का हिस्सा है।

पतनशील नायक

— A declining hero. A protagonist who is losing their status or virtue.

वह कहानी का पतनशील नायक है।

よく混同される語

पतनशील vs पतित (Patit)

Patit means 'fallen' (already happened), while Patanasheel means 'in a state of falling/declining'.

पतनशील vs गिरना (Girna)

Girna is the common verb for physical falling; Patanasheel is an intellectual adjective for systemic decline.

पतनशील vs जर्जर (Jarjar)

Jarjar is specifically for physically dilapidated things like old houses; Patanasheel is broader and more abstract.

慣用句と表現

"पतन की ओर अग्रसर"

— Moving towards a fall. Similar to 'Patanasheel' but emphasizes the movement.

उसका व्यापार अब पतन की ओर अग्रसर है।

Formal
"साख गिरना"

— Loss of reputation or credit. Often happens in a 'Patanasheel' state.

पतनशील राजनीति के कारण पार्टी की साख गिर गई।

Neutral
"दिन लद जाना"

— The glory days are over. Describes a 'Patanasheel' entity.

उस साम्राज्य के दिन अब लद गए हैं।

Informal
"मिट्टी में मिलना"

— To be ruined or destroyed. The end result of being 'Patanasheel'.

उसका सारा घमंड मिट्टी में मिल गया।

Informal
"अधोगति को प्राप्त होना"

— To reach a state of decline or hellish condition.

अनैतिक कार्यों से मनुष्य अधोगति को प्राप्त होता है।

Very Formal
"दीमक लगना"

— To be eaten from within (like by termites). Metaphor for decline.

भ्रष्टाचार ने व्यवस्था को दीमक की तरह लगा दिया है।

Informal
"उल्टी गिनती शुरू होना"

— The countdown to the end has begun.

इस पतनशील सरकार की उल्टी गिनती शुरू हो गई है।

Neutral
"खंडहर में तब्दील होना"

— To turn into ruins. The physical version of 'Patanasheel'.

महल अब खंडहर में तब्दील हो रहा है।

Neutral
"रसातल में जाना"

— To go to the bottom/hell. Extreme decline.

अर्थव्यवस्था रसातल में जा रही है।

Informal/Slangy
"दीया बुझना"

— The lamp going out. Metaphor for the end of a lineage or power.

राजवंश का आखिरी दीया भी बुझ गया।

Literary

間違えやすい

पतनशील vs पतन (Patan)

It's the root noun.

Patan is the 'fall' (noun), Patanasheel is the 'declining' (adjective).

साम्राज्य का पतन (Fall of the empire) vs पतनशील साम्राज्य (Declining empire).

पतनशील vs भ्रष्ट (Bhrasht)

Both imply something is wrong.

Bhrasht is 'corrupt' (ethical brokenness); Patanasheel is 'declining' (process of decay).

भ्रष्ट नेता (Corrupt leader) vs पतनशील राजनीति (Declining politics).

पतनशील vs अधोगामी (Adhogami)

Both mean going down.

Adhogami is technical/directional; Patanasheel is qualitative/systemic.

अधोगामी गति (Downward motion) vs पतनशील समाज (Declining society).

पतनशील vs क्षय (Kshaya)

Both mean decay.

Kshaya is often biological or physical erosion; Patanasheel is more socio-political.

दांतों का क्षय (Tooth decay) vs पतनशील संस्कृति (Declining culture).

पतनशील vs अवनति (Avanati)

They are synonyms.

Avanati is the noun 'decline'; Patanasheel is the adjective 'declining'.

उसकी अवनति हुई (His decline happened) vs वह पतनशील है (He is declining).

文型パターン

B1

[Noun] पतनशील है।

यह किला पतनशील है।

B2

पतनशील [Noun] के कारण [Result] हुआ।

पतनशील अर्थव्यवस्था के कारण गरीबी बढ़ी।

C1

[Noun] की पतनशील अवस्था में [Observation] झलकती है।

समाज की पतनशील अवस्था में असुरक्षा झलकती है।

C2

क्या [Noun] का पतनशील होना [Concept] का परिणाम है?

क्या मूल्यों का पतनशील होना आधुनिकता का परिणाम है?

B2

वह एक पतनशील [Noun] का उदाहरण है।

वह एक पतनशील संस्कृति का उदाहरण है।

B1

हमें पतनशील [Noun] को सुधारना होगा।

हमें पतनशील शिक्षा व्यवस्था को सुधारना होगा।

C1

लेखक ने पतनशील [Noun] पर तीखी टिप्पणी की।

लेखक ने पतनशील राजनीति पर तीखी टिप्पणी की।

B2

पतनशील [Noun] का अंत निकट है।

पतनशील साम्राज्य का अंत निकट है।

語族

名詞

पतन (Patan - Fall/Decline)
शीलता (Sheelta - Nature/Quality)
अवनति (Avanati - Decline/Downfall)

動詞

पतित होना (Patit hona - To fall/be fallen)
गिरना (Girna - To fall)

形容詞

पतित (Patit - Fallen)
अधोगामी (Adhogami - Downward-moving)

関連

विनाश (Vinash - Destruction)
ह्रास (Hraas - Reduction/Decline)
क्षय (Kshaya - Decay)
भ्रष्ट (Bhrasht - Corrupt)
अधोगति (Adhogati - Downfall)
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使い方

frequency

Common in written formal Hindi; rare in spoken casual Hindi.

よくある間違い
  • Using it for physical falling. → वह गिर रहा है (He is falling).

    Patanasheel describes a state of decline, not the action of falling through the air.

  • Confusing it with 'Patit'. → पतit (Fallen) vs पतनशील (Declining).

    Patit is the result; Patanasheel is the ongoing process.

  • Using it for prices. → गिरती कीमतें (Falling prices).

    Prices 'ghat-ti' or 'gir-ti', they aren't 'patanasheel' unless the whole system is dying.

  • Over-Sanskritizing casual speech. → बुरी हालत (Bad condition).

    Don't use 'Patanasheel' to describe a messy room; it's too formal.

  • Using it as a verb. → पतनशील अवस्था में होना (To be in a declining state).

    It's an adjective, so it needs a noun or the verb 'to be' (hona).

ヒント

Pair with Abstract Nouns

Always pair 'Patanasheel' with abstract nouns like 'values', 'morality', or 'systems' for the most natural formal sound.

Keep it Formal

Use this word in essays, speeches, or formal debates. Avoid it in casual chats unless you want to sound like a professor.

Adjective Stability

Remember that 'Patanasheel' doesn't change its form for plural or feminine nouns. It remains 'Patanasheel' always.

Root Knowledge

Knowing that 'Patan' means 'fall' helps you unlock many other words like 'Patit' (fallen) and 'Adhopatan' (downfall).

Historical Context

In history essays, use 'Patanasheel' to describe the later, weaker years of a dynasty.

News Keywords

When you hear 'Patanasheel' on the news, the reporter is likely criticizing a government or a social trend.

The 'Fall' Nature

Think: Patan (Fall) + Sheel (Nature). It's in its nature to fall!

Avoid Slang

Don't mix this with English slang like 'Patanasheel bro'—it sounds very awkward.

Literature Clues

In Hindi stories, if a house is described as 'Patanasheel', expect something tragic to happen there soon.

Patanasheel vs Jarjar

Use 'Jarjar' for a shaky old chair, but 'Patanasheel' for a shaky old government.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'Pattern' (Patan) of 'Sheel' (nature). If the pattern of something is always going down, it is Patanasheel. Or, imagine a 'Button' (sounds like Patan) 'Falling' off a 'Shield' (sounds like Sheel). A falling button from a shield is a sign of decline.

視覚的連想

Visualize the Roman Colosseum or a crumbling castle. These are iconic images of a 'Patanasheel' state. Also, imagine a line graph in red color pointing downwards.

Word Web

History Morality Economy Decay Empire Values Ruins Decline

チャレンジ

Try to write three sentences about a historical empire using the word 'Patanasheel' and its synonym 'Avanati'. Then, explain why you used 'Patanasheel' instead of 'Girna'.

語源

The word is a 'Tatsama' word, meaning it is borrowed directly from Sanskrit into Hindi without any phonetic changes. It is a compound word formed by two distinct Sanskrit elements.

元の意味： 'Patan' (पतन) comes from the Sanskrit root 'pat', meaning to fall, fly down, or descend. 'Sheel' (शील) refers to a person's character, disposition, or a tendency towards a certain behavior.

Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit origin).

文化的な背景

Be careful when using this word to describe contemporary cultures or groups, as it can be seen as highly judgmental or elitist.

English speakers might find 'Patanasheel' similar to 'decadent' or 'deteriorating.' However, 'decadent' in English can sometimes mean 'luxuriously self-indulgent,' whereas 'Patanasheel' is almost always negative and serious.

The 'Patan' of the Mughal Empire is a standard chapter in Indian history books. Premchand's novel 'Godan' depicts the Patanasheel state of the Indian peasantry. Harivansh Rai Bachchan's poetry sometimes touches on the Patanasheel nature of time.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

History

  • पतनशील साम्राज्य
  • पतनशील राजवंश
  • पतनशील काल
  • पतनशील सभ्यता

Economics

  • पतनशील अर्थव्यवस्था
  • पतनशील बाजार
  • पतनशील दर
  • आर्थिक पतन

Ethics/Sociology

  • पतनशील मूल्य
  • पतनशील नैतिकता
  • पतनशील समाज
  • पतनशील प्रवृत्तियाँ

Architecture

  • पतनशील इमारत
  • पतनशील ढांचा
  • पतनशील किला
  • जर्जर और पतनशील

Politics

  • पतनशील राजनीति
  • पतनशील शासन
  • पतनशील संस्थाएं
  • राजनीतिक पतन

会話のきっかけ

"क्या आपको लगता है कि आधुनिक समाज पतनशील मूल्यों का शिकार हो रहा है?"

"इतिहास में आपके अनुसार सबसे प्रसिद्ध पतनशील साम्राज्य कौन सा था?"

"पतनशील अर्थव्यवस्था को सुधारने के लिए सरकार को क्या करना चाहिए?"

"क्या साहित्य हमेशा समाज की पतनशील प्रवृत्तियों को दर्शाता है?"

"पतनशील इमारतों के संरक्षण के लिए आपकी क्या राय है?"

日記のテーマ

आज के दौर में आपको कौन सी चीज़ सबसे अधिक 'पतनशील' लगती है और क्यों?

एक ऐसी कहानी लिखें जिसका नायक एक पतनशील राजवंश का अंतिम वारिस हो।

क्या नैतिक पतन ही आर्थिक पतन का मुख्य कारण है? अपने विचार विस्तार से लिखें।

अपने आसपास की किसी ऐसी पुरानी इमारत का वर्णन करें जो पतनशील अवस्था में है।

पतनशील और उन्नतिशील समाज के बीच के मुख्य अंतरों पर एक लेख लिखें।

よくある質問

10 問

No, that would sound very strange. Use 'girtee hui' (falling) for physical objects in motion. 'Patanasheel' is for a state of decay or systemic decline, like an old building or a failing economy.

Yes, it almost always carries a negative connotation, as it implies that something is losing its value, power, or moral standing.

'Patan' is a noun meaning 'a fall' or 'downfall.' 'Patanasheel' is an adjective meaning 'declining' or 'in the process of falling.' Example: 'The fall (Patan) of Rome' vs 'The declining (Patanasheel) Roman Empire.'

Yes, but it's very formal. You might say 'Patanasheel vyakti' to describe someone whose morals are decaying. In daily life, it's better to use more specific words like 'bhrasht' (corrupt).

While you can say 'Patanasheel swasthya' in a very formal medical report, it's much more common to say 'girta hua swasthya' or 'bigadta swasthya'.

Only in very serious, period, or intellectual films. You won't hear it in a typical romantic comedy or action movie song.

The most common opposites are 'Unnatisheel' (progressive/rising) or 'Pragatisheel' (progressive).

No, for prices use 'girtee hui' (falling) or 'ghattee hui' (decreasing). 'Patanasheel' is too heavy for financial data unless you are talking about the total collapse of a currency.

Yes, it is a 'Tatsama' word, which means it's a Sanskrit word used in Hindi without any change.

Only if you are discussing serious topics like history, social issues, or economic trends. Don't use it to describe your own weaknesses!

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自分をテスト 170 問

writing

Write a sentence in Hindi about a declining economy using 'पतनशील'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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speaking

Pronounce 'Patanasheel' correctly and use it in a phrase.

Read this aloud:

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listening

If a news reporter says 'Patanasheel rajniti', are they praising or criticizing the politics?

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writing

Translate: 'The declining glory of the palace.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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speaking

Use 'Patanasheel' to describe a corrupt system.

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listening

Identify the adjective in: 'Patanasheel sanskriti ka vinash nishchit hai.'

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writing

Write a short note on 'Patanasheel Mulya'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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speaking

Describe a ruined fort using the word.

Read this aloud:

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listening

Listen to: 'Patanasheel rajvansh ka ant.' What does it mean?

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writing

Translate: 'The declining state of the city.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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speaking

Say: 'This is a declining tradition.'

Read this aloud:

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listening

Is 'Patanasheel' used for positive growth?

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writing

Write a sentence about a crumbling building.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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speaking

Say: 'Declining morality leads to crime.'

Read this aloud:

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listening

If you hear 'Patanasheel avastha', what is the state of the object?

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writing

Translate: 'Historians study declining eras.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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speaking

Use 'Patanasheel' in a question.

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listening

What is the opposite of 'Patanasheel' in a speech?

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writing

Translate: 'The declining standards of education.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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speaking

Pronounce the 'sh' in 'Sheel'.

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listening

Does 'Patanasheel' sound formal or informal?

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writing

Use 'Patanasheel' in a sentence about politics.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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speaking

Explain 'Patanasheel' in simple Hindi.

Read this aloud:

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listening

Listen to: 'Patanasheel vyavastha'. What is being described?

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writing

Translate: 'The declining era of the Mughals.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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speaking

Say: 'Patanasheel Mulya' three times fast.

Read this aloud:

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listening

In 'Patanasheel Avastha', which word is the noun?

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writing

Translate: 'A deteriorating law and order situation.'

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speaking

Use 'Patanasheel' in a sentence about history.

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listening

Which part of 'Patanasheel' means 'fall'?

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writing

Translate: 'The declining era of feudalism.'

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speaking

Describe a failing company using 'Patanasheel'.

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listening

Does 'Patanasheel' have 3 or 4 syllables?

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writing

Translate: 'A declining mental state.'

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speaking

Say 'Patanasheel' with a dental 'T'.

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listening

Is the first vowel in 'Patanasheel' long or short?

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writing

Translate: 'The declining values of today's youth.'

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speaking

Say: 'Samajik Patan' (Social decline).

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listening

Does 'Patanasheel' end with a vowel sound?

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writing

Translate: 'A declining political system.'

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speaking

Use 'Patanasheel' to describe a crumbling wall.

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listening

Is 'Patanasheel' a long word or a short word?

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writing

Translate: 'The declining era of humanity.'

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speaking

Say: 'Naitik Patan' (Moral decline).

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listening

Identify the word: 'Patanasheel'.

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writing

Translate: 'A declining culture is a threat.'

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speaking

Say: 'Patanasheel Avastha'.

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listening

How many 'a' sounds are in 'Patanasheel'?

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writing

Translate: 'The declining glory of Rome.'

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speaking

Say: 'Patanasheel Mulya' clearly.

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listening

Is 'Patanasheel' used in science?

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/ 170 correct

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