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A2 noun #7,000 よく出る 10分で読める

रीढ़

reedh 上位7,000

練習する例文メモとヒント रीढ़ 30秒で

解説 रीढ़ in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should focus on 'रीढ़' as a basic body part. Think of it like learning 'हाथ' (hand) or 'पैर' (leg). You will mostly use it in simple sentences like 'मेरी रीढ़ सीधी है' (My spine is straight). It is important to remember that it is a feminine word, so you use 'मेरी' and not 'मेरा.' You might hear this word in a physical education class or when someone tells you to sit up straight. Don't worry about the metaphorical meanings yet; just focus on the physical bone in the middle of your back. Practice the pronunciation of the 'dh' sound at the end, as it is a bit different from English. You can also learn the phrase 'रीढ़ की हड्डी' (reeḍh kī haḍḍī) which simply means 'the bone of the spine.' This is the most common way to refer to it in simple conversations about health or posture. Just remember: keep it straight and keep it feminine!

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'रीढ़' in more descriptive contexts, such as talking about health, yoga, or simple metaphors. You should be comfortable using it with adjectives, like 'मजबूत रीढ़' (strong spine) or 'कमजोर रीढ़' (weak spine). At this stage, you might encounter the word when discussing daily routines or health problems, such as 'मेरी रीढ़ में दर्द है' (I have pain in my spine). You can also start to use it in basic metaphorical sentences, like calling someone the 'backbone' of a family. 'माँ परिवार की रीढ़ है' (Mother is the backbone of the family). This shows you understand that the word isn't just about anatomy but also about support. Pay attention to how it changes in plural contexts, though the singular form is used much more frequently. You should also be able to distinguish 'रीढ़' from 'पीठ' (back), knowing that 'रीढ़' is more specific to the bone structure.

At the B1 level, you should be able to use 'रीढ़' in complex sentences and understand its role in formal and informal registers. You will likely see this word in news articles or hear it in documentaries. For example, 'कृषि भारत की अर्थव्यवस्था की रीढ़ है' (Agriculture is the backbone of India's economy). You should be able to explain *why* something is called a 'रीढ़' using connecting words like 'क्योंकि' (because) or 'इसलिए' (therefore). Your vocabulary should expand to include more technical terms associated with it, like 'मेरुदंड' (the formal Sanskrit version). You should also be able to use the word in the context of moral character, such as 'उसमें रीढ़ की कमी है' (He lacks a backbone/courage). At this level, you are expected to handle the grammatical nuances perfectly, ensuring gender agreement with verbs and adjectives in past, present, and future tenses.

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At the B2 level, you should have a nuanced understanding of 'रीढ़' and its various idiomatic uses. You can discuss the word in professional contexts, such as medicine, engineering, or sociology. You should be able to understand and use phrases like 'रीढ़ टूटना' (to have one's backbone broken), which means to lose all support or strength. For instance, 'महंगाई ने आम आदमी की रीढ़ तोड़ दी है' (Inflation has broken the backbone of the common man). You can also engage in debates about the 'रीढ़' of various systems, such as the legal system or the education system. Your ability to switch between 'रीढ़' and its synonyms like 'आधार' or 'स्तंभ' depending on the desired tone (poetic vs. clinical) should be well-developed. You should also be able to recognize the word in classical Hindi literature or academic papers where its formal counterpart 'मेरुदंड' might be used alongside it.

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At the C1 level, you are expected to use 'रीढ़' with the precision of a native speaker. This includes using it in sophisticated literary metaphors and understanding its deeper cultural connotations in Indian philosophy (like its role in Kundalini Yoga or Pranayama). You should be able to analyze texts where the word is used to symbolize structural integrity or existential strength. For example, you might analyze a political speech where the 'रीढ़' of the nation is discussed in terms of its youth or its values. You should be comfortable with all grammatical permutations, including oblique cases and complex compound sentences. Your pronunciation should be flawless, capturing the subtle aspiration of the 'dh' sound. You should also be able to contrast the word with more obscure synonyms and understand the subtle differences in connotation between them in various regional dialects of Hindi.

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At the C2 level, 'रीढ़' is a tool for creative and highly specialized expression. You can use it in poetry, advanced medical discourse, or complex philosophical arguments. You understand the historical evolution of the word and its roots in Sanskrit. You can use it to describe the 'spine' of a book, the 'backbone' of a computer network, or the 'central axis' of a philosophical thought with equal ease. You are sensitive to the word's rhythm in a sentence and can use it to create specific rhetorical effects. For example, you might use it in a critique of modern architecture or in a deep dive into the socio-economic 'backbone' of ancient civilizations. At this level, you don't just know the word; you possess it, using it to convey layers of meaning that go far beyond its dictionary definition. You can also teach others the nuances of this word, including its common misuses and its powerful metaphorical potential.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

रीढ़ 30秒で

रीढ़ is a feminine noun meaning 'spine' or 'backbone,' essential for describing body posture and health in Hindi.
It is frequently used in the compound phrase 'रीढ़ की हड्डी' to refer specifically to the spinal cord or vertebral column.
Metaphorically, it signifies the core support or foundation of an organization, economy, or a person's moral character.
Grammatically, it requires feminine agreement (e.g., 'मेरी रीढ़', 'सीधी रीढ़') and is distinct from 'पीठ' (the whole back).

The Hindi word रीढ़ (pronounced as 'Reeḍh') is a fundamental feminine noun that translates primarily to 'spine' or 'backbone' in English. Anatomically, it refers to the complex structure of vertebrae that supports the human body, but its linguistic reach extends deep into metaphorical and structural contexts. In everyday Hindi, you will most frequently encounter it in the compound phrase रीढ़ की हड्डी (reeḍh kī haḍḍī), which literally means 'the bone of the spine.' Understanding this word is crucial for learners because it bridges the gap between basic biological vocabulary and advanced socio-economic discourse.

Anatomical Context: In a medical or biological sense, 'रीढ़' is used to describe the vertebral column. If someone is complaining of back pain specifically related to their posture or a structural issue, they might mention their 'रीढ़.' It is the central pillar of the skeletal system.
Metaphorical Strength: Just as the spine supports the body, 'रीढ़' is used to describe the most important part of an organization, economy, or family. If a person is called the 'रीढ़' of a team, it implies they provide the essential support and strength without which the team would collapse.
Moral Integrity: In a more abstract sense, having a 'spine' in Hindi culture, much like in English, refers to having courage and moral character. A person without a 'रीढ़' is seen as weak-willed or easily manipulated.

योग करते समय अपनी रीढ़ को सीधा रखना बहुत महत्वपूर्ण है। (It is very important to keep your spine straight while doing yoga.)

When you use this word, remember it is feminine. Therefore, any adjectives or verbs associated with it must agree with its feminine gender. For example, 'सीधी रीढ़' (straight spine) uses the feminine form of the adjective 'सीधा.' This word is essential for A2 learners who are beginning to talk about health, the body, and basic descriptions of structural importance in various fields.

कृषि भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था की रीढ़ है। (Agriculture is the backbone of the Indian economy.)

In the sentence above, the word is used to highlight the foundational role of agriculture. This is a very common way to see the word used in newspapers and news broadcasts. Whether you are discussing the 'रीढ़' of a building (its main pillars) or the 'रीढ़' of a story (its central plot), the concept remains the same: the indispensable core support.

उसकी रीढ़ में चोट लग गई थी। (He suffered an injury in his spine.)

Common Usage: Used in medical reports, fitness instructions, and political speeches to denote strength or the core of a system.

बिना रीढ़ के इंसान समाज में बदलाव नहीं ला सकता। (A person without a backbone cannot bring change in society.)

भारी सामान उठाने से आपकी रीढ़ पर दबाव पड़ता है। (Lifting heavy items puts pressure on your spine.)

Using 'रीढ़' correctly involves understanding its grammatical gender and the common collocations it forms. As a feminine noun, it dictates the behavior of surrounding words. Let's explore how to integrate it into your Hindi speaking and writing through various contexts, from physical health to abstract concepts of support.

Physical Health and Anatomy: When talking about the body, 'रीढ़' is often followed by 'की हड्डी'. Example: 'डॉक्टर ने मेरी रीढ़ की हड्डी का एक्स-रे किया' (The doctor took an X-ray of my spinal cord). Notice the use of 'मेरी' (feminine possessive) and 'की' (feminine linker).
Describing Posture: Posture is central to yoga and general well-being. You might say, 'बैठते समय अपनी रीढ़ को झुकाएं नहीं' (Do not bend your spine while sitting). Here, 'झुकाएं' is the verb, and 'रीढ़' is the object.

शिक्षक ने बच्चों को रीढ़ सीधी रखकर बैठने के लिए कहा। (The teacher told the children to sit with their spines straight.)

In metaphorical sentences, 'रीढ़' signifies the essential component. For instance, 'मध्यम वर्ग किसी भी देश की अर्थव्यवस्था की रीढ़ होता है' (The middle class is the backbone of any country's economy). Despite 'मध्यम वर्ग' being masculine, the phrase 'अर्थव्यवस्था की रीढ़' maintains its feminine structure because 'रीढ़' is the head of that specific phrase.

इस पुल की रीढ़ लोहे के खंभे हैं। (The backbone of this bridge is the iron pillars.)

In literature and formal writing, you might see 'रीढ़' used to describe a person's character. 'उसमें अन्याय के खिलाफ खड़े होने की रीढ़ नहीं है' (He doesn't have the backbone to stand up against injustice). This usage is very similar to the English idiom 'to have a backbone' or 'to be spineless.'

क्या आपकी रीढ़ में दर्द है? (Do you have pain in your spine?)

Social and Economic Discourse: In news reports: 'पर्यटन इस राज्य की अर्थव्यवस्था की मुख्य रीढ़ है।' (Tourism is the main backbone of this state's economy.)

एक मजबूत रीढ़ अच्छे स्वास्थ्य का आधार है। (A strong spine is the foundation of good health.)

उसने अपनी मेहनत से परिवार की रीढ़ को संभाला। (He supported the backbone of the family with his hard work.)

The word 'रीढ़' is ubiquitous in Hindi-speaking environments, appearing in contexts ranging from the clinical to the conversational. Understanding where you are likely to hear it will help you recognize its nuances and frequency in daily life. From the doctor's office to the political rally, 'रीढ़' is a word that carries weight and significance.

Medical and Wellness Centers: At a clinic, you'll hear 'रीढ़ की हड्डी' when discussing posture, injuries, or chronic pain. Physiotherapists often use it when giving instructions for exercises. 'अपनी रीढ़ को ढीला छोड़ें' (Relax your spine) is a common command in therapy sessions.
Educational Settings: In biology class, students learn about the 'रीढ़' as part of the human anatomy. It is also used in physical education (PE) when teachers correct students' standing or sitting positions.
News and Media: News anchors frequently use 'रीढ़' metaphorically. You might hear phrases like 'छोटे उद्योग हमारी अर्थव्यवस्था की रीढ़ हैं' (Small industries are the backbone of our economy). This usage emphasizes the importance of a sector or group.

समाचार में कहा गया कि किसान देश की रीढ़ हैं। (The news stated that farmers are the backbone of the country.)

In sports commentary, particularly in cricket or football, 'रीढ़' describes the most reliable player in a team. 'विराट कोहली भारतीय बल्लेबाजी की रीढ़ हैं' (Virat Kohli is the backbone of the Indian batting line-up). Here, it signifies that the player provides the essential support that keeps the innings together.

आजकल के युवाओं की रीढ़ गलत बैठने की वजह से कमजोर हो रही है। (Nowadays, the spines of youth are becoming weak due to wrong sitting posture.)

In literature and drama, the word appears in titles and dialogues to represent strength. There is a famous Hindi one-act play titled 'रीढ़ की हड्डी' (Reeḍh kī Haḍḍī) by Jagdish Chandra Mathur, which critiques social issues through the metaphor of a 'backbone.' Hearing this title in academic circles is very common.

डॉक्टर ने कहा कि रीढ़ का ऑपरेशन सफल रहा। (The doctor said the spine surgery was successful.)

Everyday Conversation: In gym settings: 'अपनी रीढ़ को सीधा रखें जब आप वजन उठाएं।' (Keep your spine straight when you lift weights.)

वह अपनी टीम की रीढ़ है। (He is the backbone of his team.)

पुरानी इमारत की रीढ़ अब कमजोर हो चुकी है। (The backbone/structure of the old building has now become weak.)

Learning 'रीढ़' presents a few specific challenges for English speakers, ranging from grammatical gender confusion to pronunciation errors. By identifying these common pitfalls early, you can ensure your use of the word is both accurate and natural. Let's break down the most frequent mistakes learners make when using this word.

Gender Confusion: The most common mistake is treating 'रीढ़' as a masculine noun. Learners often say 'मेरा रीढ़' instead of the correct 'मेरी रीढ़.' Because it's a bone/structure, many assume it's masculine like 'हाथ' (hand) or 'पैर' (leg), but in Hindi, 'रीढ़' is strictly feminine. Always use feminine modifiers.
Confusing 'रीढ़' with 'पीठ': Learners often use 'पीठ' (pīṭh - back) when they specifically mean 'रीढ़' (spine). While 'पीठ' refers to the entire back area, 'रीढ़' refers specifically to the spinal column. If you have a skeletal issue, use 'रीढ़'; if your muscles are sore, use 'पीठ.'

गलत: मेरा रीढ़ सीधा है।
सही: मेरी रीढ़ सीधी है। (My spine is straight.)

Another mistake involves the pronunciation of the 'ड़' (ṛ) and 'ढ़' (ṛh) sounds. The word 'रीढ़' ends with a retroflex aspirated 'ढ़'. Many learners pronounce it as a simple 'd' or 'dh', which changes the character of the word. The tongue must curl back and strike the roof of the mouth with a puff of air.

गलत: वह देश का रीढ़ है।
सही: वह देश की रीढ़ है। (He/She is the backbone of the country.)

In writing, the dot (bindu) under the 'ढ़' is often forgotten. Without the dot, 'ढ' is a different sound (used in words like 'ढक्कन'). In 'रीढ़', the dot is mandatory for the correct retroflex flap sound. Omitting it is a common spelling error even among native speakers in casual text.

सावधानी: रीढ़ की हड्डी बहुत नाजुक होती है। (Caution: The spinal cord is very delicate.)

Metaphorical Overuse: Sometimes learners use 'रीढ़' for any kind of support. While it means backbone, for minor supports like a 'table leg' or a 'tent pole,' different words like 'पाया' or 'खंभा' are more appropriate.

क्या आपने अपनी रीढ़ की जांच करवाई? (Did you get your spine checked?)

गलत मुद्रा से रीढ़ टेढ़ी हो सकती है। (Wrong posture can make the spine crooked.)

While 'रीढ़' is the most common word for spine, Hindi offers several alternatives depending on the register (formal, informal, or technical). Understanding these synonyms will help you choose the right word for the right context and broaden your vocabulary.

मेरुदंड (Merudand): This is a highly formal, Sanskrit-derived word for spine. You will find it in academic textbooks, medical journals, and high-register literature. It is the anatomical equivalent of 'vertebral column.' It is masculine.
आधार (Aadhar): While it literally means 'base' or 'foundation,' it is a common alternative for the metaphorical sense of 'backbone.' For example, 'शिक्षा समाज का आधार है' (Education is the foundation/backbone of society).
मुख्य स्तंभ (Mukhya Stambh): Meaning 'main pillar,' this is often used in organizational or architectural contexts where 'backbone' might be used in English. 'वह इस प्रोजेक्ट का मुख्य स्तंभ है' (He is the main pillar/backbone of this project).

विज्ञान की पुस्तक में मेरुदंड शब्द का प्रयोग किया गया है। (The word 'Merudand' is used in the science book.)

Comparing 'रीढ़' and 'मेरुदंड' is like comparing 'backbone' and 'vertebral column' in English. 'रीढ़' is more versatile and common in speech, whereas 'मेरुदंड' is clinical. Another word often confused is 'पीठ' (back), but as mentioned, 'पीठ' is the surface area, while 'रीढ़' is the internal structure.

अनुशासन सफलता की रीढ़ है। (Discipline is the backbone of success.)

In some poetic contexts, 'स्तंभ' (pillar) is preferred over 'रीढ़' to avoid the clinical connotation of bones. However, 'रीढ़' remains the strongest way to express that something is the essential, supporting core of a larger whole.

सत्य और अहिंसा गांधीजी के दर्शन की रीढ़ थे। (Truth and non-violence were the backbone of Gandhiji's philosophy.)

क्या रीढ़ का झुकना बुढ़ापे की निशानी है? (Is the bending of the spine a sign of old age?)

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The formal Sanskrit synonym 'Merudand' comes from 'Meru' (the mythical mountain at the center of the universe) and 'Dand' (stick/staff), implying the spine is the central pillar of the human universe.

発音ガイド

UK /riːɽʱ/

US /riːɽʱ/

The stress is primarily on the long vowel 'ee'.

韻が合う語

भीड़ (Bhīḍ - crowd) नीड़ (Nīḍ - nest) क्रीड़ (Krīḍ - play/root) पीड़ (Pīḍ - pain/root) सीढ़ (Sīḍh - as in stairs) खीझ (Khījh - irritation, near rhyme) दीठ (Dīṭh - sight, near rhyme) बींध (Bīndh - pierce, near rhyme)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'ḍh' as a simple 'd'.
Pronouncing 'ḍh' as 'dh' (dental) without curling the tongue back.
Shortening the 'ee' sound to a short 'i'.
Forgetting the aspiration (the 'h' sound) at the end of 'ḍh'.
Confusing the sound with 'r' at the end.

難易度

読解 2/5

The word is short and easy to recognize, though the dot under 'ḍh' is important.

ライティング 3/5

Writing 'ढ़' with the bindu (dot) correctly can be tricky for beginners.

スピーキング 4/5

The retroflex aspirated 'ḍh' sound is one of the hardest for English speakers.

リスニング 3/5

Distinguishing it from 'पीठ' or 'रीति' in fast speech requires practice.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

हड्डी (Bone) पीठ (Back) सीधा (Straight) शरीर (Body) दर्द (Pain)

次に学ぶ

गर्दन (Neck) कंधा (Shoulder) मांसपेशी (Muscle) ढांचा (Structure) आधार (Foundation)

上級

मेरुदंड (Vertebral column) कशेरुका (Vertebra) तंत्रिका तंत्र (Nervous system) अक्षय (Imperishable/Axis) स्थायित्व (Stability)

知っておくべき文法

Feminine Noun Agreement

मेरी रीढ़ (My spine) - use 'मेरी' not 'मेरा'.

Possessive 'kī'

रीढ़ की हड्डी (Spinal cord) - use 'की' because 'हड्डी' and 'रीढ़' are feminine.

Oblique Case

रीढ़ में (In the spine) - 'रीढ़' doesn't change form in singular oblique.

Adjective Agreement

सीधी रीढ़ (Straight spine) - 'सीधी' is feminine.

Compound Noun Formation

रीढ़ की हड्डी - often functions as a single unit meaning 'backbone'.

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レベル別の例文

मेरी रीढ़ सीधी है।

My spine is straight.

'मेरी' is feminine to match 'रीढ़'.

रीढ़ की हड्डी कहाँ है?

Where is the spinal cord?

'की' connects 'रीढ़' and 'हड्डी'.

अपनी रीढ़ को मत झुकाओ।

Do not bend your spine.

Imperative negative 'मत झुकाओ'.

यह रीढ़ है।

This is the spine.

Simple demonstrative sentence.

क्या आपकी रीढ़ में दर्द है?

Do you have pain in your spine?

Interrogative sentence with 'क्या'.

रीढ़ मजबूत होनी चाहिए।

The spine should be strong.

Use of 'होनी चाहिए' for feminine 'रीढ़'.

बच्चे की रीढ़ को सहारा दो।

Support the baby's spine.

'सहारा दो' is the verb phrase.

साफ बैठो, रीढ़ सीधी रखो।

Sit properly, keep your spine straight.

Compound imperative.

वह अपने परिवार की रीढ़ है।

She is the backbone of her family.

Metaphorical use of 'रीढ़'.

भारी बैग उठाने से रीढ़ में समस्या हो सकती है।

Lifting a heavy bag can cause problems in the spine.

Use of 'हो सकती है' for possibility.

योग आपकी रीढ़ को लचीला बनाता है।

Yoga makes your spine flexible.

'लचीला' (flexible) modifies 'रीढ़'.

डॉक्टर ने मेरी रीढ़ की जांच की।

The doctor examined my spine.

Past tense 'की' (did/examined).

रीढ़ की हड्डी में चोट लगना खतरनाक है।

Injuring the spinal cord is dangerous.

Gerundial phrase as subject.

अच्छी कुर्सी रीढ़ को सहारा देती है।

A good chair supports the spine.

Present simple 'देती है'.

उसकी रीढ़ बचपन से ही टेढ़ी थी।

His spine was crooked since childhood.

Past tense with 'थी'.

हमें अपनी रीढ़ का ध्यान रखना चाहिए।

We should take care of our spine.

'का ध्यान रखना' is a common expression.

पर्यटन इस छोटे से देश की अर्थव्यवस्था की रीढ़ है।

Tourism is the backbone of this small country's economy.

Complex possessive structure.

रीढ़ की हड्डी के बिना मनुष्य खड़ा नहीं हो सकता।

Without the spinal cord, a human cannot stand.

Use of 'के बिना' (without).

उसने अपनी टीम की रीढ़ बनकर मैच जिताया।

He won the match by becoming the backbone of his team.

'बनकर' (having become) conjunctive participle.

मजदूर समाज की रीढ़ होते हैं।

Laborers are the backbone of society.

Plural general truth.

रीढ़ की हड्डी में नस दबने से बहुत दर्द होता है।

A pinched nerve in the spine causes a lot of pain.

Causal phrase with 'से'.

उसकी बातों में कोई रीढ़ नहीं है, वह कभी भी बदल जाता है।

There is no backbone in his words; he changes anytime.

Metaphorical use for reliability.

आधुनिक तकनीक व्यापार की रीढ़ बन गई है।

Modern technology has become the backbone of business.

Present perfect 'बन गई है'.

क्या आपने कभी रीढ़ के विशेषज्ञ से सलाह ली है?

Have you ever consulted a spine specialist?

Interrogative present perfect.

महंगाई ने मध्यम वर्ग की आर्थिक रीढ़ तोड़ दी है।

Inflation has broken the economic backbone of the middle class.

Idiomatic use of 'रीढ़ तोड़ना'.

एक मजबूत न्यायपालिका लोकतंत्र की रीढ़ होती है।

A strong judiciary is the backbone of democracy.

Abstract political concept.

रीढ़ की हड्डी का ऑपरेशन बहुत ही जटिल और जोखिम भरा होता है।

Spine surgery is very complex and risky.

Compound adjectives 'जटिल और जोखिम भरा'.

वैज्ञानिकों ने रीढ़ की मरम्मत के लिए नई तकनीक खोजी है।

Scientists have discovered a new technique for spine repair.

Purpose clause with 'के लिए'.

इस कहानी की रीढ़ इसका अनोखा कथानक है।

The backbone of this story is its unique plot.

Literary analysis usage.

रीढ़ की हड्डी के रोगों का इलाज अब संभव है।

Treatment of spinal diseases is now possible.

Possessive plural 'रोगों का'.

वह भ्रष्टाचार के खिलाफ खड़ा हुआ, क्योंकि उसमें रीढ़ है।

He stood up against corruption because he has a backbone.

Causal conjunction 'क्योंकि'.

डिजिटल ढांचा आज की शिक्षा प्रणाली की रीढ़ है।

Digital infrastructure is the backbone of today's education system.

Noun phrase as subject.

संविधान हमारे राष्ट्र की नैतिक और कानूनी रीढ़ है।

The Constitution is the moral and legal backbone of our nation.

High-register political vocabulary.

रीढ़ की हड्डी में मौजूद मेरुदंड तंत्रिका तंत्र का मुख्य हिस्सा है।

The spinal cord present in the spine is the main part of the nervous system.

Technical anatomical description.

लेखक ने अपनी रचना में रीढ़ की हड्डी के रूपक का बखूबी इस्तेमाल किया है।

The author has brilliantly used the metaphor of the backbone in his work.

Literary criticism terminology.

बिना एक मजबूत रीढ़ के, कोई भी संगठन संकटों का सामना नहीं कर सकता।

Without a strong backbone, no organization can face crises.

Conditional abstract thought.

रीढ़ की हड्डी का क्षरण बुढ़ापे की एक सामान्य प्रक्रिया है।

Degeneration of the spinal cord is a common process of aging.

Formal noun 'क्षरण' (degeneration).

उसकी राजनीतिक विचारधारा की रीढ़ सामाजिक न्याय है।

The backbone of his political ideology is social justice.

Complex ideological sentence.

योग दर्शन के अनुसार, रीढ़ ऊर्जा का मुख्य केंद्र है।

According to Yoga philosophy, the spine is the main center of energy.

Philosophical reference 'अनुसार'.

इस शोध पत्र ने रीढ़ की हड्डी के पुनर्जीवन पर नए तथ्य प्रस्तुत किए हैं।

This research paper has presented new facts on spinal cord regeneration.

Academic present perfect.

वैश्वीकरण ने विकासशील देशों की पारंपरिक आर्थिक रीढ़ को झकझोर कर रख दिया है।

Globalization has shaken the traditional economic backbone of developing countries.

Complex verbal phrase 'झकझोर कर रख देना'.

रीढ़ की हड्डी की जैव-यांत्रिकी को समझना आधुनिक चिकित्सा के लिए एक चुनौती है।

Understanding the bio-mechanics of the spinal cord is a challenge for modern medicine.

Technical compound noun 'जैव-यांत्रिकी'.

कवि ने 'रीढ़' को केवल एक हड्डी नहीं, बल्कि अडिग संकल्प का प्रतीक माना है।

The poet has considered 'Reeḍh' not just a bone, but a symbol of unwavering resolve.

Sophisticated literary analysis.

यदि रीढ़ की अखंडता बाधित होती है, तो संपूर्ण शरीर की कार्यप्रणाली प्रभावित होती है।

If the integrity of the spine is compromised, the functioning of the entire body is affected.

Conditional 'यदि... तो' with formal vocabulary.

मध्यकालीन किलों की रीढ़ उनकी मजबूत नींव और मोटी दीवारें थीं।

The backbone of medieval forts was their strong foundations and thick walls.

Historical architectural context.

तर्कसंगतता ही किसी भी वैज्ञानिक सिद्धांत की रीढ़ होती है।

Rationality itself is the backbone of any scientific theory.

Abstract philosophical assertion.

रीढ़ की हड्डी के तंत्रिका-मार्गों का मानचित्रण अभी भी पूर्णतः संभव नहीं हुआ है।

Mapping the neural pathways of the spinal cord is still not fully possible.

Highly technical academic Hindi.

उसकी कविताओं की रीढ़ मानवीय संवेदनाओं का गहरा चित्रण है।

The backbone of his poems is the deep depiction of human emotions.

Aesthetic and literary register.

よく使う組み合わせ

रीढ़ की हड्डी

अर्थव्यवस्था की रीढ़

समाज की रीढ़

रीढ़ सीधी रखना

रीढ़ का ऑपरेशन

रीढ़ में चोट

नैतिक रीढ़

रीढ़ का झुकना

रीढ़ विहीन

मजबूत रीढ़

よく使うフレーズ

रीढ़ की हड्डी होना

— To be the most important part or support system of something.

वह इस कंपनी की रीढ़ की हड्डी है।

रीढ़ सीधी करके बैठना

— To sit up straight, often associated with attentiveness or yoga.

ध्यान के दौरान रीढ़ सीधी करके बैठें।

रीढ़ पर जोर पड़ना

— To put pressure or strain on the spine.

गलत तरीके से झुकने पर रीढ़ पर जोर पड़ता है।

रीढ़ की हड्डी का टूटना

— Can be literal (broken spine) or metaphorical (loss of total support).

कर्ज ने उसकी रीढ़ की हड्डी तोड़ दी।

रीढ़ की हड्डी का विशेषज्ञ

— A spine specialist or orthopedic surgeon.

हमें रीढ़ की हड्डी के विशेषज्ञ से मिलना चाहिए।

बिना रीढ़ का

— Spineless; someone who lacks courage or conviction.

वह बिना रीढ़ का आदमी है, डरपोक है।

रीढ़ की हड्डी का विकास

— Development of the spine, usually in children.

बच्चों में रीढ़ की हड्डी का विकास तेजी से होता है।

रीढ़ का दर्द

— Back pain specifically located in the spine.

रीढ़ का दर्द बहुत कष्टदायक होता है।

रीढ़ की बनावट

— The structure or anatomy of the spine.

इंसानी रीढ़ की बनावट बहुत जटिल है।

रीढ़ की सुरक्षा

— Protection of the spine.

वाहन चलाते समय रीढ़ की सुरक्षा का ध्यान रखें।

よく混同される語

रीढ़ vs पीठ (Pīṭh)

Pīṭh refers to the entire back area, while Reeḍh is specifically the spine.

रीढ़ vs रीति (Rīti)

Rīti means custom or method, which sounds similar but has no relation to anatomy.

रीढ़ vs रद्द (Radd)

Radd means cancelled or rejected; beginners might confuse the 'r' and 'd' sounds.

慣用句と表現

"रीढ़ की हड्डी तोड़ना"

— To destroy someone's main source of strength or support; to ruin someone financially or emotionally.

युद्ध ने उस देश की रीढ़ की हड्डी तोड़ दी।

Metaphorical

"रीढ़ होना"

— To be the indispensable core of something.

ईमानदारी उसके चरित्र की रीढ़ है।

Formal

"बिना रीढ़ की हड्डी का होना"

— To be weak-willed; to lack the courage to stand up for oneself.

वह बिना रीढ़ की हड्डी का नेता है।

Informal/Insult

"रीढ़ कांपना"

— To be terrified (similar to 'shivers down the spine').

उस डरावनी आवाज को सुनकर मेरी रीढ़ कांप गई।

Literary

"रीढ़ में सनसनी दौड़ना"

— To feel a sudden thrill or chill of fear.

जीत की खबर सुनकर उसकी रीढ़ में सनसनी दौड़ गई।

Neutral

"रीढ़ की हड्डी का झुकना"

— To surrender or lose one's pride/strength.

दुश्मन के सामने उसकी रीढ़ कभी नहीं झुकी।

Poetic

"रीढ़ की हड्डी मजबूत करना"

— To strengthen one's foundation or support system.

नया निवेश कंपनी की रीढ़ की हड्डी मजबूत करेगा।

Business/Formal

"रीढ़ के बल खड़ा होना"

— To stand firm on one's principles.

वह हमेशा अपनी रीढ़ के बल खड़ा रहा।

Literary

"रीढ़ में दर्द होना"

— Often used to describe a person or task that is a constant nuisance (similar to 'pain in the neck').

यह काम मेरे लिए रीढ़ का दर्द बन गया है।

Informal

"रीढ़ की हड्डी का काम करना"

— To act as the primary support.

शिक्षा किसी भी राष्ट्र के लिए रीढ़ की हड्डी का काम करती है।

Formal

間違えやすい

रीढ़ vs पीठ

Both refer to the back of the body.

पीठ is the surface/external back; रीढ़ is the internal bone structure/spine.

मेरी पीठ पर खुजली है, लेकिन मेरी रीढ़ में दर्द है।

रीढ़ vs हड्डी

The spine is made of bones.

हड्डी is any bone; रीढ़ is the specific column of bones in the back.

रीढ़ शरीर की सबसे महत्वपूर्ण हड्डी है।

रीढ़ vs आधार

Both can mean 'backbone' metaphorically.

रीढ़ implies a structural/central support; आधार is a more general term for foundation.

यह कानून हमारे समाज की रीढ़ है, जो न्याय के आधार पर बना है।

रीढ़ vs स्तंभ

Both mean 'pillar' or 'backbone'.

स्तंभ is more architectural or metaphorical for a person; रीढ़ is more anatomical or systemic.

वह परिवार का स्तंभ है और व्यापार की रीढ़ है।

रीढ़ vs मेरुदंड

They are synonyms.

मेरुदंड is highly formal/Sanskritized; रीढ़ is common/standard Hindi.

डॉक्टर ने मेरुदंड शब्द का प्रयोग किया, लेकिन मैंने उसे रीढ़ कहा।

文型パターン

मेरी [Body Part] [Adjective] है।

मेरी रीढ़ सीधी है।

[Person] [Group] की रीढ़ है।

वह परिवार की रीढ़ है।

[Sector] [Country] की अर्थव्यवस्था की रीढ़ है।

कृषि भारत की अर्थव्यवस्था की रीढ़ है।

[Action] से रीढ़ पर [Effect] पड़ता है।

भारी वजन उठाने से रीढ़ पर दबाव पड़ता है।

[Concept] ही [System] की रीढ़ होती है।

ईमानदारी ही प्रशासन की रीढ़ होती है।

यदि रीढ़ की [Quality] [Change] होती है, तो...

यदि रीढ़ की अखंडता बाधित होती है, तो शरीर का संतुलन बिगड़ जाता है।

[Problem] ने [Subject] की रीढ़ तोड़ दी है।

कर्ज ने किसान की रीढ़ तोड़ दी है।

[Exercise] रीढ़ के लिए [Benefit] है।

योग रीढ़ के लिए अच्छा है।

語族

名詞

रीढ़ (Spine)

रीढ़ की हड्डी (Spinal cord)

मेरुदंड (Vertebral column)

形容詞

रीढ़ विहीन (Spineless/Weak)

रीढ़दार (Having a spine/Vertebrate)

使い方

frequency

Very common in both physical health and socio-economic discussions.

よくある間違い

Using 'मेरा रीढ़' instead of 'मेरी रीढ़'. → मेरी रीढ़
'रीढ़' is a feminine noun, so the possessive pronoun must also be feminine.
Pronouncing 'रीढ़' as 'Reed' (like the English word). → Reeḍh (with retroflex flap)
The 'dh' in Hindi is aspirated and retroflex, requiring the tongue to curl back. 'Reed' sounds like a different word or just incorrect.
Using 'पीठ' when referring to a spinal injury. → रीढ़ की हड्डी
'पीठ' is the general back area. For a specific skeletal injury, 'रीढ़' or 'रीढ़ की हड्डी' is more accurate.
Forgetting the bindu (dot) under the 'ढ़' when writing. → रीढ़ (with dot)
Without the dot, the letter is 'ढ' (dh), which is a different sound used in words like 'dholak'. The dot is essential for 'Reeḍh'.
Treating 'रीढ़' as masculine in metaphorical contexts. → अर्थव्यवस्था की रीढ़ (Feminine)
Even when referring to a masculine concept like 'business' or 'economy', the word 'रीढ़' itself remains feminine and dictates the 'की'.

ヒント

Gender Agreement

Always treat 'रीढ़' as feminine. This is the most common mistake for learners. Remember: 'मेरी रीढ़', 'अच्छी रीढ़', 'रीढ़ झुकी हुई है'.

The Retroflex Flap

Practice the 'ḍh' sound by itself. It’s unique to Indian languages and adds a lot of authenticity to your Hindi if you get it right.

Compound Power

Learn 'रीढ़ की हड्डी' as a single phrase. It is used more often than just 'रीढ़' when talking about medical or physical issues.

Use it for Support

Don't be afraid to use 'रीढ़' for abstract things like an economy, a team, or a family. It makes your Hindi sound more advanced and native-like.

Don't Forget the Dot

In Devanagari, the dot under 'ढ' to make it 'ढ़' is crucial. It represents the flap sound. Always include it when writing 'रीढ़'.

Medical vs. Casual

Use 'रीढ़' in casual and health contexts. Use 'मेरुदंड' if you are writing a formal report or studying biology in Hindi.

Posture and Word

Associate the word 'रीढ़' with the action of sitting up straight. Every time you correct your posture, say 'मेरी रीढ़ सीधी है' to yourself.

News keywords

Listen for 'रीढ़' in economic news. It's a keyword for identifying the main topic of discussion regarding a country's strength.

Reeḍh vs Pīṭh

Remember: Spine = Reeḍh, Back = Pīṭh. If you can feel the individual bones, it's Reeḍh. If it's just the flat area, it's Pīṭh.

Character Check

If you want to say someone is spineless, use 'रीढ़ विहीन' or 'बिना रीढ़ का'. It’s a powerful idiomatic expression.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of the word 'REED'. A reed is a long, thin plant stem. Your 'REE-ḍh' is like a long, strong reed that keeps you standing up.

視覚的連想

Imagine a tall building with a central steel pillar. That pillar is the 'रीढ़' of the building. Now visualize that same pillar inside your back.

Word Web

Spine Backbone Support Foundation Vertebrae Courage Anatomy Posture

チャレンジ

Try to use 'रीढ़' in three different ways today: once for your posture, once for someone you rely on, and once for a news topic.

語源

The word 'रीढ़' is derived from the Sanskrit word 'रीढ़' or 'मेरु'. It has evolved through Prakrit and Apabhramsha to its modern Hindi form. It shares roots with other Indo-Aryan languages referring to structural supports.

元の意味： Backbone, support, or central axis.

Indo-Aryan

文化的な背景

No specific sensitivities, but avoid calling someone 'रीढ़ विहीन' (spineless) unless intended as a strong criticism, as it is quite insulting.

The metaphorical use of 'backbone' in English is almost identical to 'रीढ़' in Hindi, making it an easy transition for learners.

The play 'Reeḍh kī Haḍḍī' by Jagdish Chandra Mathur. Common use in Hindi political slogans regarding the 'farmers as the backbone of the nation'. Yoga sutras emphasizing the alignment of the 'Merudand' (spine).

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

At the Doctor

मेरी रीढ़ में दर्द है।
रीढ़ का एक्स-रे।
रीढ़ की हड्डी में चोट।
झुकने पर रीढ़ में खिंचाव।

Yoga Class

रीढ़ को सीधा करें।
अपनी रीढ़ को ढीला छोड़ें।
रीढ़ को धीरे से मोड़ें।
रीढ़ की हड्डी पर ध्यान दें।

Economic News

विकास की रीढ़।
अर्थव्यवस्था की रीढ़।
उद्योगों की रीढ़।
आर्थिक रीढ़ टूटना।

Character Description

बिना रीढ़ का आदमी।
मजबूत रीढ़ वाला व्यक्ति।
उसकी बातों में रीढ़ नहीं है।
नैतिक रीढ़ की कमी।

School/Biology

मानव रीढ़ की बनावट।
रीढ़ के कार्य।
हड्डियों का ढांचा।
कशेरुकाओं की संख्या।

会話のきっかけ

"क्या आपको कभी रीढ़ में दर्द महसूस हुआ है? (Have you ever felt pain in your spine?)"

"आपके विचार में भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था की असली रीढ़ क्या है? (In your opinion, what is the real backbone of the Indian economy?)"

"योग में रीढ़ को सीधा रखना क्यों जरूरी है? (Why is it important to keep the spine straight in Yoga?)"

"क्या आप किसी ऐसे व्यक्ति को जानते हैं जो अपनी टीम की रीढ़ है? (Do you know someone who is the backbone of their team?)"

"आजकल के बच्चों की रीढ़ कमजोर होने का मुख्य कारण क्या है? (What is the main reason for the weakening of children's spines nowadays?)"

日記のテーマ

लिखिए कि आपके जीवन की 'रीढ़' (मुख्य आधार) कौन या क्या है और क्यों? (Write about who or what is the 'backbone' of your life and why?)

एक स्वस्थ रीढ़ के लिए आप अपनी जीवनशैली में क्या बदलाव कर सकते हैं? (What changes can you make in your lifestyle for a healthy spine?)

किसी ऐसी घटना के बारे में बताएं जब आपने अपनी 'नैतिक रीढ़' का प्रदर्शन किया। (Describe an incident where you demonstrated your 'moral backbone'.)

क्या तकनीक हमारी शिक्षा प्रणाली की नई रीढ़ बन गई है? अपने विचार लिखें। (Has technology become the new backbone of our education system? Write your thoughts.)

रीढ़ की हड्डी के महत्व पर एक छोटा निबंध लिखें। (Write a short essay on the importance of the spinal cord.)

よくある質問

10 問

'रीढ़' is a feminine noun. You should always use feminine adjectives and verbs with it. For example, 'मेरी रीढ़' (my spine) and 'रीढ़ सीधी है' (the spine is straight).

There is practically no difference in general usage. 'रीढ़' is the spine, and 'रीढ़ की हड्डी' literally means 'the bone of the spine.' The latter is more common when talking about physical injuries or anatomy.

Yes, in formal publishing contexts, 'रीढ़' can refer to the spine of a book, though 'जिल्द' (binding) or 'पीठ' (back) are also used.

It is a retroflex aspirated flap. Curl your tongue back to the roof of your mouth and flap it forward quickly while releasing a bit of air. It's like the 'd' in 'ladder' but much further back and with an 'h' sound.

Yes, 'मेरुदंड' is the formal, Sanskritized synonym for 'रीढ़.' You'll see it in science books or very formal speeches, while 'रीढ़' is used in daily life.

It means to destroy the main source of strength or support. For example, 'भारी टैक्स ने व्यापार की रीढ़ तोड़ दी' (Heavy taxes broke the backbone of the business).

Yes, just like in English, if you say someone has no 'रीढ़,' it means they are cowardly or lack moral strength.

Common adjectives include 'मजबूत' (strong), 'कमजोर' (weak), 'सीधी' (straight), 'टेढ़ी' (crooked), and 'लचीली' (flexible).

The dot (nukta) changes the sound from a hard 'ḍ' to a flapped 'ṛh'. Without the dot, the word would be pronounced incorrectly and might not be understood.

Absolutely. It is a central concept in Yoga. Keeping the 'रीढ़' (or 'Merudand') straight is considered vital for energy flow and successful meditation.

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