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धिक्कार

B1 interjection #9,000 よく出る 7分で読める

धिक्कार

dhikkar 上位9,000

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解説 धिक्कार in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use 'Dhikkār' (धिक्कार) often. It is a very strong word. Think of it as a super-angry version of 'bad.' If someone does something very, very bad, you can say 'Dhikkār hai!' But usually, for small mistakes, A1 students should use 'Galat' (wrong) or 'Bura' (bad). 'Dhikkār' is like a 'verbal red card' in a game. You only use it for the biggest fouls. At this level, just recognize that if you hear this word in a movie, the character is extremely upset or angry about something that is not fair or honest. It is usually directed at a person who has done something mean or cowardly.

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For A2 learners, 'Dhikkār' (धिक्कार) can be understood as 'Shame on you.' You might start seeing it in simple stories or hearing it in dramatic TV shows. It is important to know that it is an interjection. You use it to show that you strongly dislike an action. For example, if a character in a story lies to their mother, another character might say 'Dhikkār hai!' It is more formal than 'Sharam' (shame). At A2, you should practice the structure '[Noun] + par + dhikkār hai.' This means 'Shame on [Noun].' It is a way to express a strong opinion about someone's bad behavior.

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At the B1 level, you should understand the moral context of 'Dhikkār' (धिक्कार). It is not just about being 'bad'; it is about 'moral failure.' This word is used when someone breaks a big rule of life, like being a coward or a traitor. You will encounter this word in intermediate Hindi literature and news reports. You should also learn the verb form 'Dhikkārnā' (to condemn/shame). For example, 'Sabhī log bhrashtāchār ko dhikkārte haiṃ' (All people condemn corruption). At this level, you should be able to distinguish between 'Sharam' (embarrassment/shame) and 'Dhikkār' (moral condemnation). Use 'Dhikkār' when you want to sound serious and principled.

At B2, you should appreciate the literary and historical weight of 'Dhikkār' (धिक्कार). This word is rooted in Sanskrit and carries a sense of 'curse' or 'reproach.' In B2 level texts, you might find it used to describe a social 'stigma' or 'ostracization.' You should be able to use it in essays or formal discussions about ethics, history, or social issues. It is a 'high-register' word, meaning it makes your Hindi sound more sophisticated and traditional. You should also understand its use in idiomatic expressions where it highlights the worthlessness of a life or action that lacks integrity. It is a tool for strong rhetoric and persuasive speaking.

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For C1 learners, 'Dhikkār' (धिक्कार) becomes a nuanced tool for literary analysis and high-level debate. You should explore its etymology and how it differs from Urdu-origin words like 'Lānat.' While 'Lānat' is often used in emotional outbursts, 'Dhikkār' often implies a more objective, almost divine or societal judgment. At this level, you can use the word to critique complex characters in Hindi literature (like those in Premchand’s stories) who face 'dhikkār' from their community. You should also be comfortable using it in various grammatical forms, including its usage as a noun in complex sentences involving transitive verbs and abstract concepts.

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At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of 'Dhikkār' (धिक्कार) and its place in the history of the Hindi language. You understand its resonance in classical poetry (Kavita) and its power to evoke a sense of 'Dharma' (duty/righteousness). You can distinguish between the subtle shades of 'Dhikkār,' 'Tiraskār' (rejection), and 'Bhartsanā' (official condemnation). You can use it with perfect tone—knowing exactly when to use it for dramatic effect, when to use it in a scholarly critique of social norms, and when to recognize its ironic usage in modern pop culture. Your understanding of the word is not just linguistic, but deeply cultural and philosophical.

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धिक्कार 30秒で

Dhikkār is a strong Hindi interjection meaning 'Shame on you.'
It is used for moral condemnation, not simple embarrassment.
Commonly found in literature, historical dramas, and formal speeches.
Grammatically, it often appears as '...par dhikkār hai' (Shame on...).

The Hindi word धिक्कार (Dhikkār) is a powerful interjection and noun used to express profound disapproval, condemnation, or a sense of 'shame on you.' Unlike the English word 'shame,' which can sometimes be lighthearted or empathetic, धिक्कार carries a heavy moral weight. It is often used when someone has violated a deep ethical code, betrayed a trust, or acted in a way that is perceived as cowardly or beneath human dignity. In the landscape of Hindi vocabulary, this word sits in a high-register, often appearing in literature, historical dramas, and formal oratory. When you use धिक्कार, you are not just saying someone did something wrong; you are suggesting that their very existence or actions deserve to be cursed or cast out from social respect.

The Moral Weight: It functions as a verbal slap. It is used to indicate that the subject's behavior is so reprehensible that it warrants a 'curse' of social or moral exclusion.
Literary Context: In ancient Indian epics like the Ramayana or Mahabharata, characters often use this word to denounce villains or those who have abandoned their duty (Dharma). It signifies a fall from grace.
Emotional Intensity: It is rarely used in casual conversation today, except when someone is genuinely outraged. Using it for a small mistake like spilling tea would be considered overly dramatic or ironic.

धिक्कार है तुम्हारी ऐसी सोच पर! (Dhikkār hai tumhārī aisī soc par!)
— Translation: Shame on such a way of thinking!

देशद्रोही को सारा समाज धिक्कारता है। (Deśdrohī ko sārā samāj dhikkārtā hai.)
— Translation: The entire society condemns/shames the traitor.

Understanding the nuances of धिक्कार requires an appreciation for the concept of 'Izzat' (honor). In South Asian culture, where collective honor is paramount, to be 'dhikkāred' is to be publicly stripped of that honor. It is the verbal equivalent of a community turning its back on an individual. In modern Hindi, you might hear this in political speeches where one leader denounces the actions of another, or in high-stakes family dramas on television where a parent disowns a child for a grave transgression. It is a word that demands attention and signals that the speaker has reached the limit of their tolerance.

Using धिक्कार correctly involves understanding its grammatical flexibility. It can function as a standalone exclamation, a noun that takes a verb like 'dena' (to give) or 'bhejna' (to send), or it can be transformed into a verb itself: धिक्कारना (dhikkārnā). When using it as an interjection, it is almost always followed by the postposition 'hai' (is) to create the phrase 'Dhikkār hai...' (Shame is...).

As an Interjection: Structure: [Subject/Action] + par + dhikkār hai. Example: 'Tumhārī kāyartā par dhikkār hai!' (Shame on your cowardice!)
As a Verb (Dhikkārnā): Structure: [Subject] + [Object] + ko + dhikkārtā hai. Example: 'Dunyā jhūṭhoṃ ko dhikkārtī hai.' (The world condemns liars.)
Formal Condemnation: Used in news headlines or formal writing to express a collective sense of outrage against a crime or social evil.

ऐसे जीवन पर धिक्कार है जिसमें कोई आदर्श न हो। (Aise jīvan par dhikkār hai jisme koī ādarś na ho.)
— Translation: Shame on a life that has no ideals.

When constructing sentences, consider the level of intensity. If you are translating 'Shame on you' for a small social gaffe, धिक्कार is likely too strong. However, if you are writing a story about a hero confronting a villain, or a citizen protesting against injustice, धिक्कार is the perfect choice. It suggests a total rejection of the other person's character. In poetic Hindi (Kavita), it is frequently used to challenge the conscience of the listener, asking them to feel the weight of their inaction or cruelty.

In contemporary urban India, you might not hear धिक्कार while buying vegetables or chatting in a cafe. However, it remains a staple in several specific domains of Indian life. Understanding these contexts will help you recognize the gravity of the word when it is used.

Mythological & Historical Media: Shows like 'Ramayan' or 'Mahabharat' are the primary places where modern speakers encounter this word. Characters use it to denounce treachery. 'Dhikkār hai tujhe, Duryodhan!' is a classic dramatic line.
Political Rallies: Politicians use 'Shuddh Hindi' (pure Hindi) to sound authoritative. They might say, 'Hum is bhrashtāchār ko dhikkārte haiṃ' (We condemn/shame this corruption).
Hindi Literature and Poetry: Poets like Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar' or Premchand used this word to stir the soul of the nation against colonial oppression or social evils like untouchability.

धिक्कार है उन लोगों को जो अन्याय देखकर भी चुप रहते हैं। (Dhikkār hai un logoṃ ko jo anyāy dekhkar bhī chup rahte haiṃ.)
— A common sentiment in social activism.

Because the word is so heavy, it is sometimes used sarcastically among friends who are well-versed in Hindi literature. If a friend refuses to share their snacks, another might jokingly cry 'Dhikkār hai tumhārī dosti par!' (Shame on your friendship!), mimicking the over-the-top style of old Bollywood movies. This usage highlights the word's transition from a serious curse to a cultural trope that carries both weight and a sense of historical drama. In news reporting, specifically in Hindi-language news channels, the term 'Dhikkār Divas' (Day of Condemnation) is sometimes used to describe organized protests against a particular event or policy.

For English speakers, the biggest mistake is using धिक्कार as a direct substitute for every instance of 'shame.' In English, 'shame' can mean 'embarrassment,' 'pity,' or 'disgrace.' धिक्कार only covers the 'disgrace' and 'condemnation' aspect.

Mistake 1: Using it for 'What a pity': In English, you say 'What a shame!' if it rains during a picnic. In Hindi, you should say 'Afsos' (अफ़सोस) or 'Buree baat' (बुरी बात). Saying 'Dhikkār hai' here would mean you are morally cursing the rain, which sounds absurd.
Mistake 2: Using it for Personal Embarrassment: If you forget someone's name, you feel 'sharam' (embarrassment). If you use 'dhikkār,' you are saying you deserve to be cursed for your bad memory. It's way too intense.
Mistake 3: Incorrect Postpositions: Learners often say 'Dhikkār tumko' (Shame you). The correct form is 'Tum par dhikkār hai' (Shame is ON you).

Another common error is confusing धिक्कार with तिरस्कार (Tiraskār). While related, 'Tiraskār' means 'rejection' or 'insult.' You might 'tiraskār' a gift (refuse it rudely), but you 'dhikkār' a person's character or a heinous act. One is an action of dismissal, the other is an emotional and moral judgment. Always gauge the 'moral temperature' of the situation before choosing this word. If the situation doesn't involve a breach of ethics or a serious betrayal, stick to 'sharam' or 'afsos.'

Hindi and its sister language Urdu offer a rich palette of words to express disapproval. Choosing the right one depends on the register (formal vs. informal) and the specific emotion you want to convey.

लानत (Lānat): The Urdu equivalent of Dhikkār. It is extremely common in Bollywood and daily speech. 'Lānat hai tum par!' is the exact synonym for 'Dhikkār hai tum par!' but feels slightly more conversational and less 'scriptural.'
शर्म (Sharam): The most common word for shame. It covers everything from being shy to feeling guilty. 'Sharam karo!' (Have some shame!) is much lighter than 'Dhikkār hai!'
भर्त्सना (Bhartsanā): A very formal Sanskritized word used in news and official statements to mean 'strong condemnation.' You will see this in newspapers: 'Sarkār ne is hamle kī bhartsanā kī' (The government condemned this attack).

Word	Vibe	Best For
Dhikkār	Epic / Moral	Betrayal, Cowardice
Lānat	Emotional / Sharp	Daily arguments, Bollywood drama
Sharam	General	Social mistakes, modesty

If you want to sound like a character from a period drama, use धिक्कार. If you want to express strong anger in a modern setting, लानत is often the go-to. If you're just disappointed, use अफ़सोस (Afsos). Understanding these levels of intensity allows you to navigate Hindi social dynamics more effectively, ensuring your emotional response matches the gravity of the situation.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The root 'dhik' has been used for over 3,000 years in Indian languages to express moral outrage. It appears frequently in the Bhagavad Gita and other classical texts.

発音ガイド

UK /d̪ʱɪk.kɑːr/

US /dɪk.kɑːr/

Primary stress is on the second syllable '-kār'.

韻が合う語

उपकार (upkār) अहंकार (ahankār) संस्कार (sanskār) प्रकार (prakār) साकार (sākār) विकार (vikār) नकार (nakār) अधिकार (adhikār)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'dh' as a simple 'd' (like 'dick-car').
Missing the gemination (doubling) of the 'k' sound.
Using a soft English 'r' instead of the Hindi tapped 'r'.

難易度

読解 3/5

Common in literature but requires understanding of abstract concepts.

ライティング 4/5

Requires correct use of postpositions ('par' vs 'ko').

スピーキング 4/5

Must be used with the right emotional tone to not sound weird.

リスニング 3/5

Easily recognizable in dramatic contexts.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

शर्म बुरा गलत पर है

次に学ぶ

तिरस्कार भर्त्सना अपमान कायर गद्दार

上級

जुगुप्सा निर्भर्त्सना विमुख अधर्मी

知っておくべき文法

Postposition 'Par' with Dhikkār

तुम पर धिक्कार है (Shame ON you).

Transitive Verb 'Dhikkārnā'

वह मुझे धिक्कारता है (He shames me).

Causative Verbs (Related)

धिक्कारवाना (To cause someone to be shamed).

Abstract Noun Formation

Dhikkār is already an abstract noun.

Oblique Case before 'Par'

उस (not वह) पर धिक्कार है।

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レベル別の例文

धिक्कार है!

Shame!

Standalone interjection.

झूठ बोलना बुरा है, धिक्कार है!

Lying is bad, shame!

Used after a statement of fact.

धिक्कार है तुम पर।

Shame on you.

Use 'par' (on) for the target.

धिक्कार है ऐसी बात पर।

Shame on such a thing.

'Aisī' means 'such'.

चोरी करना? धिक्कार है!

Stealing? Shame!

Used as a reaction.

धिक्कार है उस आदमी पर।

Shame on that man.

'Us' is the oblique form of 'voh'.

धिक्कार है तुम्हारी गंदी आदत पर।

Shame on your dirty habit.

Possessive adjective 'tumhārī'.

धिक्कार है, तुमने मेरी मदद नहीं की।

Shame, you didn't help me.

Simple past tense in the second clause.

तुम्हारी इस हरकत पर धिक्कार है!

Shame on this act of yours!

Focus on 'harkat' (act/mischief).

धिक्कार है उस बेटे पर जो माँ की बात नहीं मानता।

Shame on that son who doesn't listen to his mother.

Relative clause 'jo...' (who...).

धिक्कार है, तुमने फिर से झूठ बोला।

Shame, you lied again.

'Phir se' means 'again'.

ऐसे लालच पर धिक्कार है।

Shame on such greed.

'Lālach' is a noun meaning 'greed'.

धिक्कार है! तुम डरपोक हो।

Shame! You are a coward.

'Darpok' means coward.

समाज धोखेबाज़ों को धिक्कारता है।

Society shames/condemns cheaters.

Verb form 'dhikkārtā hai'.

धिक्कार है तुम्हारी दोस्ती पर!

Shame on your friendship!

Common dramatic expression.

क्या तुम्हें खुद पर धिक्कार नहीं आता?

Don't you feel shame on yourself?

Interrogative sentence.

देशद्रोही के जीवन पर धिक्कार है।

Shame on the life of a traitor.

'Deśdrohī' means traitor.

धिक्कार है उन लोगों पर जो गरीबों को सताते हैं।

Shame on those people who oppress the poor.

'Satāte haiṃ' means 'to oppress/tease'.

इतिहास ऐसे राजाओं को हमेशा धिक्कारेगा।

History will always condemn such kings.

Future tense 'dhikkāregā'.

धिक्कार है तुम्हारी इस कायरता पर! तुम भाग क्यों रहे हो?

Shame on your cowardice! Why are you running?

'Kāyartā' is the noun for cowardice.

उसकी बेईमानी के कारण उसे हर जगह धिक्कार मिला।

Due to his dishonesty, he received condemnation everywhere.

'Ke kāran' means 'because of'.

धिक्कार है, तुमने अपने देश का नाम मिट्टी में मिला दिया।

Shame, you dragged your country's name through the mud.

Idiom: 'miṭṭī meṃ milānā' (to ruin reputation).

सच्चा इंसान अन्याय को धिक्कारता है।

A true human condemns injustice.

'Anyāy' means injustice.

धिक्कार है उस शिक्षा पर जो इंसानियत न सिखाए।

Shame on that education which doesn't teach humanity.

Subjunctive mood 'sikhāe'.

धिक्कार है ऐसे ऐश्वर्य पर जो दूसरों के खून से बना हो।

Shame on such luxury that is built on the blood of others.

'Aiśvarya' means luxury/opulence.

गांधीजी ने छुआछूत की कुप्रथा को धिक्कारा था।

Gandhiji had condemned the evil practice of untouchability.

Past perfect tense.

धिक्कार है उस साहित्य पर जो समाज को सही रास्ता न दिखाए।

Shame on that literature which does not show the right path to society.

'Sāhitya' means literature.

क्या तुम्हें अपनी इस नीचता पर धिक्कार महसूस नहीं होता?

Do you not feel shame/condemnation for this baseness of yours?

'Nīchtā' means baseness/vile behavior.

पूरी दुनिया आज आतंकवाद को धिक्कार रही है।

The whole world is condemning terrorism today.

Present continuous tense.

धिक्कार है उस शक्ति पर जो निर्बलों को कुचलती है।

Shame on that power which crushes the weak.

'Nirbal' means weak.

उसके कृत्यों ने उसे समाज में धिक्कार का पात्र बना दिया।

His actions made him an object of condemnation in society.

'Pātra' means vessel/object/character.

धिक्कार है! तुमने अपनी आत्मा बेच दी।

Shame! You sold your soul.

Metaphorical usage.

धिक्कार है उस बौद्धिक दासता पर जो हमें सोचने से रोकती है।

Shame on that intellectual slavery which prevents us from thinking.

'Bauddhik dāstā' is intellectual slavery.

कवि ने अपनी कविता के माध्यम से सत्ता के अहंकार को धिक्कारा।

The poet condemned the ego of power through his poetry.

'Sattā' means power/regime.

धिक्कार है उस सभ्यता पर जहाँ केवल धन की पूजा होती है।

Shame on that civilization where only wealth is worshipped.

'Sabhyatā' means civilization.

यदि तुम आज चुप रहे, तो आने वाली पीढ़ियाँ तुम्हें धिक्कारेंगी।

If you remain silent today, future generations will condemn you.

Conditional sentence structure.

धिक्कार है उस संकीर्ण मानसिकता पर जो धर्म के नाम पर नफरत फैलाती है।

Shame on that narrow mindset that spreads hatred in the name of religion.

'Saṅkīrn mānasiktā' means narrow mindset.

नैतिकता की गिरावट को देखकर अंतरात्मा उसे धिक्कारने लगी।

Seeing the moral decline, his conscience began to condemn him.

'Antarātmā' means conscience.

धिक्कार है उस विज्ञान पर जो विनाश का कारण बने।

Shame on that science which becomes a cause of destruction.

'Vināś' means destruction.

लोकतंत्र में जनता भ्रष्ट नेताओं को धिक्कारने की शक्ति रखती है।

In a democracy, the public has the power to condemn corrupt leaders.

Political context.

धिक्कार है उस अस्तित्व पर जो परम सत्य से विमुख हो।

Shame on that existence which is turned away from the supreme truth.

Philosophical register.

महाकवि निराला ने अपनी रचनाओं में सामाजिक रूढ़ियों को कड़े शब्दों में धिक्कारा है।

The great poet Nirala strongly condemned social dogmas in his works.

Literary analysis.

धिक्कार है उस पुरुषार्थ पर जो केवल स्वार्थ सिद्धि के लिए हो।

Shame on that human effort which is only for the fulfillment of self-interest.

'Puruṣārth' is a complex term for human endeavor/effort.

तुलसीदास ने रामचरितमानस में अधर्म के मार्ग को बार-बार धिक्कारा है।

Tulsidas has repeatedly condemned the path of unrighteousness in the Ramcharitmanas.

Scriptural reference.

धिक्कार है उस वैयक्तिकता पर जो समष्टि के कल्याण का विरोध करे।

Shame on that individuality which opposes the welfare of the collective.

'Samashti' means the collective/totality.

जब राष्ट्र संकट में हो और नागरिक तटस्थ रहें, तो ऐसा मौन धिक्कार योग्य है।

When the nation is in crisis and citizens remain neutral, such silence is worthy of condemnation.

'Tatasth' means neutral; 'Yogya' means worthy.

धिक्कार है उस कला पर जो केवल मनोरंजन के लिए हो और जिसमें कोई संदेश न हो।

Shame on that art which is only for entertainment and has no message.

Aesthetic critique.

इतिहास के पन्नों में गद्दारों के नाम धिक्कार के साथ दर्ज किए जाते हैं।

In the pages of history, the names of traitors are recorded with condemnation.

Historical register.

よく使う組み合わせ

धिक्कार है

धिक्कार मिलना

धिक्कार का पात्र

धिक्कार भेजना

धिक्कारना

धिक्कार योग्य

धिक्कार की नज़र

धिक्कार स्वरूप

धिक्कार देना

धिक्कार भाव

よく使うフレーズ

धिक्कार है तुम्हारी ऐसी सोच पर

— Shame on this kind of thinking of yours.

जब उसने गरीबों का मजाक उड़ाया, तो मैंने कहा—धिक्कार है तुम्हारी ऐसी सोच पर!

धिक्कार है तुम्हारे जीवन पर

— Shame on your life (implying a wasted or immoral life).

अगर तुम सच नहीं बोल सकते, तो धिक्कार है तुम्हारे जीवन पर।

धिक्कार है तुम्हारी जवानी पर

— Shame on your youth (often used if a young person is lazy or cowardly).

तुम इतने ताकतवर होकर भी मेहनत नहीं करते? धिक्कार है तुम्हारी जवानी पर!

धिक्कार है तुम्हारी दोस्ती पर

— Shame on your friendship (used when a friend betrays you).

मुसीबत में तुमने मेरा साथ छोड़ दिया, धिक्कार है तुम्हारी दोस्ती पर।

धिक्कार है तुम्हारी कायरता पर

— Shame on your cowardice.

मैदान छोड़कर भागने वाले! धिक्कार है तुम्हारी कायरता पर।

धिक्कार है उस माँ पर

— Shame on that mother (extreme condemnation, usually in literature).

धिक्कार है उस माँ पर जिसने ऐसे दुष्ट को जन्म दिया।

धिक्कार है! तुम इंसान कहलाने लायक नहीं

— Shame! You are not worthy of being called a human.

इतनी क्रूरता? धिक्कार है! तुम इंसान कहलाने लायक नहीं हो।

धिक्कार है तुम्हारी पढ़ाई पर

— Shame on your education (if an educated person acts foolishly).

पढ़े-लिखे होकर भी अंधविश्वास मानते हो? धिक्कार है तुम्हारी पढ़ाई पर।

धिक्कार है तुम्हारे नाम पर

— Shame on your name.

तुमने अपने खानदान का नाम डुबो दिया, धिक्कार है तुम्हारे नाम पर।

धिक्कार है तुम्हारे वजूद पर

— Shame on your very existence.

गद्दार! धिक्कार है तुम्हारे वजूद पर।

よく混同される語

धिक्कार vs तिरस्कार (Tiraskār)

Tiraskār means to insult or reject; Dhikkār means to morally condemn.

धिक्कार vs शर्म (Sharam)

Sharam is general shame or shyness; Dhikkār is severe moral disgrace.

धिक्कार vs अफ़सोस (Afsos)

Afsos is regret or pity; Dhikkār is a curse-like disapproval.

慣用句と表現

"धिक्कार का टीका लगना"

— To be permanently disgraced or stigmatized.

उसकी चोरी ने उसके माथे पर धिक्कार का टीका लगा दिया।

Literary

"धिक्कार की आग में जलना"

— To suffer from intense guilt or public shame.

वह अपनी गलती के कारण धिक्कार की आग में जल रहा है।

Poetic

"धिक्कार की मार पड़ना"

— To face widespread public condemnation.

भ्रष्ट अधिकारी पर जनता के धिक्कार की मार पड़ी।

Neutral

"धिक्कार की धूल उड़ाना"

— To humiliate someone publicly.

भरी सभा में उसने विरोधी की धिक्कार की धूल उड़ा दी।

Archaic

"धिक्कार का पात्र बनना"

— To become a laughingstock or an object of shame.

झूठ बोलकर वह सबका धिक्कार पात्र बन गया।

Neutral

"धिक्कार की दृष्टि"

— A look of pure contempt or shame.

उसने अपने शत्रु को धिक्कार की दृष्टि से देखा।

Literary

"धिक्कार की वर्षा करना"

— To heap insults and shame upon someone.

जनता ने धोखेबाज़ नेता पर धिक्कार की वर्षा कर दी।

Metaphorical

"धिक्कार का कड़वा घूँट पीना"

— To have to endure public humiliation.

हारने के बाद उसे धिक्कार का कड़वा घूँट पीना पड़ा।

Neutral

"धिक्कार की गठरी"

— A burden of shame that one carries.

वह अपने साथ धिक्कार की गठरी लेकर घूम रहा है।

Poetic

"धिक्कार के स्वर"

— Voices of condemnation.

चारों ओर से धिक्कार के स्वर सुनाई दे रहे थे।

Formal

間違えやすい

धिक्कार vs अधिकार (Adhikār)

Sounds similar (rhymes).

Adhikār means 'right' or 'authority', while Dhikkār means 'shame'.

यह मेरा अधिकार (right) है, पर तुम्हारी हरकत पर धिक्कार (shame) है।

धिक्कार vs उपकार (Upkār)

Rhymes with Dhikkār.

Upkār means 'favor' or 'kindness'.

उसने मुझ पर उपकार किया।

धिक्कार vs अहंकार (Ahankār)

Rhymes with Dhikkār.

Ahankār means 'ego' or 'pride'.

तुम्हारे अहंकार पर धिक्कार है।

धिक्कार vs विकार (Vikār)

Rhymes with Dhikkār.

Vikār means 'defect' or 'change'.

मन के विकारों को दूर करो।

धिक्कार vs संस्कार (Sanskār)

Rhymes with Dhikkār.

Sanskār means 'values' or 'etiquette'.

तुम्हारे संस्कारों पर धिक्कार है।

文型パターン

धिक्कार है!

[X] पर धिक्कार है।

तुम पर धिक्कार है।

[Action] पर धिक्कार है।

झूठ बोलने पर धिक्कार है।

धिक्कार है ऐसी [Noun] पर!

धिक्कार है ऐसी सोच पर!

[Subject] [Object] को धिक्कारता है।

लोग चोर को धिक्कारते हैं।

धिक्कार है उस [Noun] को जो...

धिक्कार है उस आदमी को जो मदद नहीं करता।

धिक्कार योग्य [Noun]

यह एक धिक्कार योग्य कृत्य है।

आत्म-धिक्कार

वह आत्म-धिक्कार में डूबा है।

語族

名詞

धिक्कार (dhikkār) - shame/condemnation

動詞

धिक्कारना (dhikkārnā) - to condemn/shame

形容詞

धिक्कारित (dhikkārit) - condemned/shamed

धिक्कार योग्य (dhikkār yogya) - shameful/worthy of condemnation

使い方

frequency

Medium (High in media/lit, low in street slang).

よくある間違い

Using Dhikkār for 'pity'. → Afsos.
Dhikkār is for moral condemnation, not for feeling sorry about a situation.
Saying 'Dhikkār tum ko'. → तुम पर धिक्कार है।
The noun form requires the postposition 'par' (on).
Using it for small mistakes. → Sharam karo / Buri baat.
Dhikkār is too heavy for minor social gaffes.
Confusing it with Adhikār. → Adhikār (Right) vs Dhikkār (Shame).
One is positive/neutral (rights), the other is negative (condemnation).
Pronouncing it as 'Dikar'. → Dhikkār.
The 'Dh' must be aspirated and the 'kk' must be held.

ヒント

Tone Matters

When saying 'Dhikkār hai,' use a deep, serious voice. If said lightly, it loses its meaning.

The 'Par' Rule

Always remember the postposition 'par' (on). It's never 'Dhikkār tum', it's always 'Tum PAR dhikkār'.

Save for the Big Stuff

Keep this word in your 'emergency' vocabulary for when you are truly outraged by an injustice.

Synonym Choice

Use 'Lanat' if you want to sound like a movie character, and 'Dhikkār' if you want to sound like a scholar.

Honor Connection

Understand that using this word is an attack on someone's 'Izzat' (honor).

Formal Condemnation

In news writing, 'Dhikkār' is often used to headline a protest or a public outcry.

Epic Recognition

When reading the Ramayana or Mahabharata in Hindi, look for this word during heated dialogues.

Avoid with Seniors

Never use this word against your parents or teachers, even if you are right, as it is considered extremely disrespectful.

Aspirated 'Dh'

Practice the 'Dh' sound so you don't confuse it with 'D' in words like 'Dick'.

Rhyme Time

Remember it rhymes with 'Adhikār' (Right). To have the 'Right' (Adhikār) to 'Shame' (Dhikkār) someone.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Dhik' as 'Thick.' When someone has a 'thick' skin and does something bad, you need a 'Dhikkār' to pierce through and make them feel shame.

視覚的連想

Imagine a judge in an ancient Indian court pointing a stern finger and shouting 'Dhikkār!' at a criminal.

Word Web

Moral Shame Condemn Curse Literature Anger Ethics Honor

チャレンジ

Try to use 'Dhikkār' in a sentence about a historical villain or a social evil like pollution or corruption.

語源

Derived from the Sanskrit word 'धिक्' (dhik), which is an indeclinable used to express reproach, plus the suffix 'कार' (kāra) meaning 'making' or 'action.'

元の意味： The act of saying 'dhik' (shame/fie).

Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit root).

文化的な背景

This is a very strong word. Avoid using it with elders or in professional settings unless there is a very serious ethical breach. It can be seen as highly offensive or overly aggressive.

English speakers might find it similar to 'Fie!' in Shakespearean English, but much more common in modern Hindi than 'Fie' is in modern English.

The phrase 'Dhikkār hai!' is frequently used by the character Draupadi in the Mahabharata when she is insulted in the assembly. The poem 'Dhik! Dhik! Vo Vishwas' by Suryakant Tripathi 'Nirala'. Bollywood movie dialogues where a father disowns a son: 'Tujh par dhikkār hai!'

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Betrayal in Friendship

धिक्कार है तुम्हारी दोस्ती पर!
तुमने मुझे धोखा दिया।
मुझे तुम पर भरोसा नहीं रहा।
लानत है!

Political Protest

हम इस नीति को धिक्कारते हैं।
भ्रष्टाचार बंद करो!
धिक्कार है ऐसी सरकार पर!
जनता जाग चुकी है।

Moral Lecturing

धिक्कार है तुम्हारी ऐसी सोच पर।
इंसानियत सीखो।
क्या तुम्हें शर्म नहीं आती?
यह गलत है।

Watching a Drama

देखो उसने क्या किया! धिक्कार है!
कितना बुरा आदमी है।
इसे सजा मिलनी चाहिए।
धिक्कार!

Self-Reflection

मुझे खुद पर धिक्कार है।
मैंने ऐसा क्यों किया?
मैं अपनी गलती मानता हूँ।
आत्म-धिक्कार की भावना।

会話のきっかけ

"क्या आपने कभी किसी को 'धिक्कार है' कहते सुना है?"

"आपके देश में जब कोई बहुत बुरा काम करता है, तो आप क्या कहते हैं?"

"क्या आपको लगता है कि 'धिक्कार' शब्द आज भी इस्तेमाल होना चाहिए?"

"फिल्मों में 'धिक्कार' का इस्तेमाल कब किया जाता है?"

"क्या 'धिक्कार' और 'शर्म' में कोई अंतर है?"

日記のテーマ

किसी ऐसी घटना के बारे में लिखें जब आपने किसी अन्याय को धिक्कारा हो।

क्या 'धिक्कार' शब्द का प्रयोग समाज में अनुशासन बनाए रखने के लिए ज़रूरी है? अपने विचार लिखें।

एक कहानी लिखें जिसका शीर्षक 'धिक्कार' हो।

आज के युग में किन चीज़ों को धिक्कारा जाना चाहिए? (जैसे प्रदूषण, भ्रष्टाचार आदि)

हिंदी साहित्य में 'धिक्कार' के महत्व पर एक छोटा निबंध लिखें।

よくある質問

10 問

It is not a 'swear word' or profanity, but it is a very harsh moral insult. It's safe to use in formal writing but can be very offensive in personal arguments.

No. For 'What a shame' (meaning what a pity), use 'Kitne dukh ki baat hai' or 'Afsos.' 'Dhikkār' implies someone did something evil.

Yes, they are synonyms. 'Dhikkār' is from Sanskrit (Hindi), and 'Lanat' is from Arabic (Urdu). 'Lanat' is used more often in casual speech.

The verb is 'Dhikkārnā' (धिक्कारना), which means 'to condemn' or 'to shame someone.'

You can say 'Tum par dhikkār hai!' for something serious, or 'Tumhe sharam āni chāhiye' (You should feel shame) for something general.

No, that would be way too strong. Just say 'Buri baat' (Bad thing) or 'Aise nahi karte' (Don't do that).

Usually only sarcastically. Young people might use it to mock dramatic Bollywood scenes.

It means 'Self-condemnation' or feeling intense guilt for one's own actions.

Rarely. In business, you would use 'Bhartsanā' (condemnation) or 'Ninda' (criticism) in official letters.

As an interjection, no. As a noun, it's usually used in the singular, but you could say 'Dhikkāroṃ ki bauchār' (a shower of shames/condemnations).

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