A2 · 初中級 チャプター 20

Stepping into the Past: The Imperfect Tense

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Chapter in 30 Seconds

Unlock the power to share your childhood stories and describe past habits with the Armenian Imperfect tense.

  • Identify the difference between ongoing past actions and completed ones.
  • Conjugate regular and irregular Armenian verbs in the Imperfect tense.
  • Describe scenery and habitual routines from your personal history.
Bring your past to life with the Imperfect tense.

学べること

Introduce yourself to past tenses with the Imperfect, describing ongoing or habitual actions in the past. Learn its conjugation and usage in narrative.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Conjugate any regular verb in the Imperfect to describe ongoing past actions.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Use irregular verbs like 'to have' and 'to be' in the past context.
  3. 3
    By the end you will be able to: Narrate a short paragraph describing your childhood home or school routine.

ヒントとコツ (4)

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The 'Video' Trick

Whenever you are unsure, ask yourself: 'Was this a video clip or a snapshot?' If it's a clip, use the Imperfect.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Imperfect Tense: I Was Doing
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Focus on the stem

Always find the stem first. It makes conjugation much easier.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Conjugating Imperfect Verbs: Regular Patterns
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Focus on the stem

Don't worry about the auxiliary, focus on the stem first.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Irregular Imperfect Verbs: Exceptions to the Rule
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Focus on the 'um'

Always check for the -um suffix. If it's missing, it's not the Imperfect.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Using Imperfect for Habitual Actions in the Past

重要な語彙 (8)

սովորել to study/learn խաղալ to play ապրել to live միշտ always հաճախ often մանկություն childhood երբ when ունենալ to have

Real-World Preview

coffee

Reminiscing with a Friend

Review Summary

  • Root + ում + Past Auxiliary (էի, էիր, էր...)
  • ունե + endings (ի, իր, էր...)
  • Adverb + Imperfect Verb

よくある間違い

Using the present auxiliary 'եմ' instead of the past 'էի'. Always match the auxiliary to the time frame.

Wrong: Ես սովորում եմ երեկ: (I am studying yesterday.)
正解: Ես սովորում էի երեկ: (I was studying yesterday.)

Applying regular -ում rules to the irregular verb 'ունենալ'. It uses a special stem 'ունե-'.

Wrong: Ես ունում էի շուն: (Incorrect form of have)
正解: Ես ունեի շուն: (I had a dog.)

Failing to conjugate the auxiliary verb to match the plural subject 'նրանք'.

Wrong: Նրանք խաղում էր: (They was playing.)
正解: Նրանք խաղում էին: (They were playing.)

Next Steps

You've just unlocked a huge part of the Armenian language. Being able to talk about your history makes your conversations so much deeper. Keep practicing those 'էի' endings!

Write a diary entry about your typical day 5 years ago.

Find an old photo and describe what people were doing in it.

Continue to: The Simple Past: Aorist Tense

クイック練習 (10)

Fill in the correct form.

Ես ___ (աշխատել) երեկ։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: աշխատում էի
Ongoing past action.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Conjugating Imperfect Verbs: Regular Patterns

Fill in the correct form.

Yes ___ ei (gnal).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Gnum is the correct stem.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Irregular Imperfect Verbs: Exceptions to the Rule

Fill in the correct form.

Նրանք ___ (խաղալ) ամեն օր։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: խաղում էին
Habitual past.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Conjugating Imperfect Verbs: Regular Patterns

Fill in the blank with the correct Imperfect form.

Ես ___ (կարդալ) գիրքը։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: կարդում էի
First person singular Imperfect.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Imperfect in Narrative: Setting the Scene

Conjugate 'gnal' (to go) for 'Es'.

Es ___ ei.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: gnum
The stem is gnum.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Using Imperfect for Habitual Actions in the Past

Choose the correct tense.

Երբ նա եկավ, ես ___ (աշխատում էի / աշխատեցի)։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: աշխատում էի
Background action.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Imperfect in Narrative: Setting the Scene

Correct the mistake.

Find and fix the mistake:

Ես կարդացի էի։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ես կարդում էի
Use the participle stem.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Imperfect Tense: I Was Doing

Fix the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Na kardum ei.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Na kardum er.
Na requires er.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Using Imperfect for Habitual Actions in the Past

Correct the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Նա գնացի էր դպրոց։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Նա գնում էր դպրոց
Incorrect auxiliary usage.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Imperfect in Narrative: Setting the Scene

Select the correct verb.

___ ei (linel).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Linum is the stem.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Irregular Imperfect Verbs: Exceptions to the Rule

Score: /10

よくある質問 (6)

Verbs ending in -el take -eci, and verbs ending in -al take -aci.
No, Imperfect is for duration. Use Aorist for single events.
No, the Imperfect is strictly for the past. For future, use the future tense.
The Imperfect is very regular. Just find the stem and add '-ում'.
Use Imperfect for ongoing/habitual actions and Aorist for completed actions.
No, it is strictly for the past.
次のチャプター
The Simple Past: Aorist Tense
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