A2 verb ニュートラル 2分で読める

agire

/aˈdʒire/

Overview

The Italian verb 'agire' is a regular verb of the -ire conjugation, but it belongs to the group of verbs that add the interfix '-isc-' in some forms, specifically in the present indicative, present subjunctive, and imperative (except for the 'noi' and 'voi' forms). This makes it slightly different from purely regular -ire verbs. The core meaning of 'agire' revolves around the idea of performing an action, taking initiative, or behaving in a particular manner.

Key Usages and Nuances:

  1. 1To Act/Take Action (General Sense): This is the most common and direct translation. It implies performing an action, often with a purpose or intent.
  • È ora di agire. (It's time to act.)
  • Dobbiamo agire subito. (We must act immediately.)
  1. 1To Operate/Function (of a machine, system, or abstract concept): 'Agire' can describe how something works or functions.
  • Il motore non agisce correttamente. (The engine isn't operating correctly.)
  • La legge agisce su tutti i cittadini. (The law applies to all citizens/The law acts upon all citizens.)
  1. 1To Behave (of a person): When referring to people, it can mean to conduct oneself or to behave in a certain way.
  • Ha agito con molta prudenza. (He/She acted with great caution.)
  • Agisci bene e non temere. (Act well and do not fear.)
  1. 1To Influence/Affect (transitive or intransitive with 'su'): 'Agire' can also express the idea of having an effect or influence on something or someone.
  • Il farmaco agisce rapidamente. (The medicine acts quickly.)
  • Le sue parole hanno agito sulla mia decisione. (His/Her words influenced my decision.)
  1. 1To Act as/Play a Role (with 'da'): When followed by 'da' + a noun, it means to act as or serve as something.
  • Ha agito da mediatore. (He/She acted as a mediator.)

Grammatical Considerations:

  • Auxiliary Verb: 'Agire' always uses 'avere' (to have) as its auxiliary verb for compound tenses (e.g., passato prossimo, trapassato prossimo, futuro anteriore). This is standard for most transitive and many intransitive verbs in Italian.
  • Intransitive: 'Agire' is primarily an intransitive verb, meaning it does not directly take a direct object. When it affects something, it typically uses prepositions like 'su' (on/upon).

Understanding the various contexts in which 'agire' is used is crucial for mastering its application. Its versatility makes it a fundamental verb in everyday Italian communication, encompassing both physical actions and more abstract influences or behaviors.

例文

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よく使う組み合わせ

agire d'impulso
agire d'astuzia
agire in fretta
agire bene

よく混同される語

agire 対 agire su

Refers to acting upon something or someone.

agire 対 agire per

Refers to acting for a purpose or on behalf of someone.

文法パターン

agire + [preposition] + [noun/pronoun] agire da + [role/capacity] agire in modo + [adverb]

使い方

使い方のコツ

'Agire' is a regular -ire verb in Italian, meaning 'to act,' 'to take action,' or 'to do something.' It's often used when there's a sense of purpose or intention behind the action. For example, 'Dobbiamo agire subito per risolvere il problema' means 'We must act immediately to solve the problem.' It can also be used in a more general sense, such as 'La giustizia deve agire' (Justice must act). When followed by a preposition, its meaning can be further nuanced: 'agire contro' means 'to act against,' 'agire per' means 'to act for,' and 'agire da' means 'to act as.' It's important to distinguish 'agire' from 'fare,' which is a more general verb meaning 'to do' or 'to make.' While 'fare' can describe any action, 'agire' specifically implies a conscious decision to take a step or perform an action with a particular goal or effect in mind.

よくある間違い

A common mistake is confusing 'agire' with verbs like 'fare' (to do/make) when the context specifically requires 'to act' or 'to take action'. 'Agire' implies a more deliberate and impactful action than 'fare'.

ヒント

💡

Use 'agire' for deliberate actions.

'Agire' often implies a conscious decision to do something, especially when faced with a situation or problem. It suggests a more purposeful and thoughtful action rather than a spontaneous or reflexive one.

💡

Avoid using 'agire' for routine or simple actions.

For everyday, simple actions like 'eating' or 'walking', verbs like 'mangiare' or 'camminare' are more appropriate. 'Agire' typically refers to more significant or impactful actions.

💡

Consider context for nuances.

While 'agire' generally means 'to act' or 'to take action,' its precise nuance can vary with context. For instance, 'agire in fretta' means 'to act quickly,' and 'agire per il bene comune' means 'to act for the common good.' Pay attention to prepositions and adverbs used with 'agire' to fully grasp its meaning.

語源

The Italian verb 'agire' originates from the Latin verb 'agere'. 'Agere' had a very broad range of meanings in Latin, including 'to drive, lead, do, act, perform, manage, conduct'. It is a highly frequent and fundamental verb in Latin, and its roots can be traced even further back to the Proto-Indo-European root '*ag-', which also meant 'to drive, draw out or forth, move'. This ancient root has given rise to a multitude of words across various Indo-European languages. In Latin, 'agere' was used in many contexts. For instance, 'agere gratias' meant 'to give thanks', 'agere vitam' meant 'to live a life', and 'agere causam' meant 'to plead a case'. The sense of 'to do' or 'to act' was central to its meaning. As Latin evolved into the Romance languages, 'agere' developed into different forms. In Italian, it became 'agire'. The 'ire' ending is typical of third conjugation verbs in Italian, often deriving from Latin verbs with the '-ere' or '-ire' endings. The core meaning of 'to act' or 'to take action' has been well-preserved from its Latin ancestor. Over the centuries, 'agire' has maintained its prominence in the Italian language, often appearing in philosophical, legal, and everyday contexts. It implies intentionality and the execution of a deed or process. Its semantic field overlaps with other Italian verbs like 'fare' (to do, to make), but 'agire' often carries a stronger connotation of active engagement, intervention, or the commencement of an action. For example, 'agire d'impulso' means 'to act on impulse', and 'agire in giudizio' means 'to take legal action'. The word's long history underscores its fundamental role in expressing human agency and the initiation of events.

文化的な背景

In Italian culture, 'agire' often carries a connotation of proactiveness and responsibility. It's not just about performing an action, but about taking initiative, making a decision, and following through. This can be seen in phrases like 'agire d'impulso' (to act on impulse) or 'agire con cautela' (to act with caution), where the emphasis is on the manner and intent behind the action. In a society that values strong family ties and community, 'agire' can also imply a sense of duty or solidarity, where individuals are expected to 'agire' for the good of their loved ones or their community. It's a word that suggests agency and influence, reflecting a cultural appreciation for individuals who are not passive but actively engage with their circumstances.

覚え方のコツ

Think of an 'agent' who 'acts'. 'Agire' sounds like 'agent' and means 'to act'.

よくある質問

4 問

'Agire' is an Italian verb that primarily means 'to act,' 'to take action,' or 'to do something.' It implies performing an action, behaving in a certain way, or exerting an influence. It's a versatile verb that can be used in various contexts to describe different types of actions, from personal conduct to professional activities. Understanding its nuances is key to mastering Italian verb usage and conveying precise meanings in conversation.

In the present indicative tense, 'agire' is conjugated as follows: - io agisco (I act) - tu agisci (you act - informal singular) - lui/lei agisce (he/she acts) - noi agiamo (we act) - voi agite (you act - informal plural) - loro agiscono (they act) This conjugation follows the typical pattern for -ire verbs in Italian, specifically those that add '-isc' to the stem in certain forms.

Certainly! Here are a few examples: 1. 'Dobbiamo agire subito per risolvere il problema.' (We must act immediately to solve the problem.) 2. 'L'avvocato ha promesso di agire nel nostro interesse.' (The lawyer promised to act in our interest.) 3. 'Come agiresti in questa situazione?' (How would you act in this situation?) 4. 'È importante agire con prudenza.' (It is important to act with caution.) These examples demonstrate the verb's use in various scenarios, highlighting its meaning of taking initiative or behaving in a particular manner.

Yes, 'agire' appears in several common Italian phrases. For instance: - 'Agire d'impulso' means 'to act on impulse,' describing a spontaneous and often unplanned action. - 'Agire di conseguenza' translates to 'to act accordingly' or 'to act in consequence,' implying a response based on previous events or information. - 'Agire per conto di qualcuno' means 'to act on someone's behalf,' indicating that one is representing another person or entity. These phrases offer more idiomatic ways to express actions and behaviors in Italian.

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