B2 verb ニュートラル 3分で読める

annullare

/an.nulˈla.re/
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Overview

The Italian verb 'annullare' is a versatile and commonly used word that translates primarily to 'to cancel,' 'to annul,' or 'to nullify' in English. Its usage extends across various contexts, from everyday situations to more formal or legal settings.

**Core Meanings and Nuances:**

  • To cancel: This is perhaps the most frequent translation. It implies calling off an event, an appointment, a reservation, an order, or a plan that was previously made or scheduled. For example, 'annullare un appuntamento' means 'to cancel an appointment,' and 'annullare una prenotazione' means 'to cancel a reservation.' The act of canceling often means that the event or item will not happen or be delivered.
  • To annul: This term carries a more formal or legal weight. It suggests making something legally invalid or void. For instance, 'annullare un matrimonio' means 'to annul a marriage,' implying that the marriage is declared as if it never legally existed. Similarly, 'annullare un contratto' means 'to annul a contract,' rendering it legally void.
  • To nullify: Similar to 'annul,' 'nullify' also implies rendering something ineffective or without legal force. This can apply to laws, agreements, or even results. 'Annullare una legge' would mean 'to nullify a law.'

**Grammar and Conjugation:**

'Annullare' is a regular first-conjugation verb ending in -are. Its conjugation follows the standard pattern for verbs of this type. Here are a few examples in the present tense (indicative mood):

* noi annulliamo (we cancel)

  • voi annullate (you cancel - informal plural/formal singular)

**Common Usages and Phrases:**

  • Annullare un ordine: To cancel an order.
  • Annullare un volo: To cancel a flight.
  • Annullare un evento: To cancel an event.
  • Annullare la lezione: To cancel the class.
  • Annullare il debito: To cancel (forgive) the debt.
  • Annullare una decisione: To reverse or nullify a decision.
  • Annullare l'effetto di qualcosa: To nullify the effect of something.

**Distinction from Similar Verbs:**

While 'annullare' is broad, it's useful to understand its distinction from related verbs:

  • Cancellare: While often interchangeable with 'annullare' for 'to cancel' (e.g., 'cancellare un appuntamento'), 'cancellare' also distinctly means 'to erase' or 'to delete' (e.g., 'cancellare una parola' - to erase a word; 'cancellare un file' - to delete a file). 'Annullare' doesn't carry this 'erase' meaning.

In summary, 'annullare' is a fundamental Italian verb for expressing the action of calling off, voiding, or making something invalid. Its precise translation depends on the specific context, ranging from casual cancellations to formal annulments.

例文

1

Se desideri annullare l'ordine, faccelo sapere il prima possibile.

e-commerce

If you wish to cancel the order, please let us know as soon as possible.

2

Il giudice ha deciso di annullare il contratto a causa di frode.

legal

The judge decided to annul the contract due to fraud.

3

La tempesta ha costretto la compagnia aerea ad annullare tutti i voli.

travel

The storm forced the airline to cancel all flights.

4

È necessario annullare la prenotazione entro 24 ore per evitare addebiti.

hospitality

It is necessary to cancel the reservation within 24 hours to avoid charges.

5

Il governo ha annunciato l'intenzione di annullare alcune leggi obsolete.

government/politics

The government announced its intention to nullify some obsolete laws.

よく使う組み合わせ

annullare un appuntamento
annullare un ordine
annullare un contratto
annullare un biglietto

よく混同される語

annullare vs w

80+ WORDS

文法パターン

p1 p2 p3

使い方

The verb 'annullare' is a regular -are verb in Italian, and its conjugation follows standard patterns. It is a transitive verb, meaning it generally takes a direct object. For example, 'Devo annullare l'appuntamento' (I need to cancel the appointment) or 'Hanno annullato il volo' (They canceled the flight). When referring to the cancellation of an event or agreement, it's often used with nouns like 'prenotazione' (reservation), 'appuntamento' (appointment), 'biglietto' (ticket), 'contratto' (contract), or 'ordine' (order). It can also be used in more abstract senses, such as 'annullare un effetto' (to nullify an effect) or 'annullare la validità' (to annul the validity). The past participle is 'annullato,' which is used with the auxiliary verb 'avere' in compound tenses (e.g., 'Ho annullato' - I have canceled). Pay attention to prepositional phrases that might follow, such as 'annullare per motivi di salute' (to cancel due to health reasons) or 'annullare senza penale' (to cancel without penalty). The choice of preposition can subtly alter the nuance of the cancellation.

よくある間違い

A common mistake is confusing 'annullare' with 'cancellare'. While both can mean 'to cancel', 'annullare' implies making something invalid or void (like a contract, a booking, or a decision), whereas 'cancellare' often refers to erasing or deleting something physical or from a list (like cancelling text, deleting a file, or crossing out a name). For example, you would 'annullare un appuntamento' (cancel an appointment) because you are making it void, but you might 'cancellare una parola' (erase a word) or 'cancellare un volo' (cancel a flight) because it's removed from a schedule. Another common mistake is incorrect conjugation, especially in compound tenses. 'Annullare' uses 'avere' as its auxiliary verb (e.g., 'ho annullato' - I have cancelled), and the past participle 'annullato' needs to agree in gender and number when used with 'essere' (which is not typically the case with 'annullare' unless in a passive construction). Be mindful of the double 'l' – 'annullare', not 'anulare'. Also, sometimes non-native speakers might try to use 'cancelare' as a direct translation from English 'to cancel', but the correct Italian verb is 'annullare' or 'cancellare' depending on the context.

ヒント

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Usage Tip

'Annullare' is a versatile verb in Italian, commonly used in various contexts such as canceling appointments ('annullare un appuntamento'), canceling a reservation ('annullare una prenotazione'), or canceling a trip ('annullare un viaggio'). It can also refer to the act of nullifying a document or a contract ('annullare un contratto'). When used reflexively, 'annullarsi' can mean to be canceled or to fade away, as in 'Il concerto si è annullato' (The concert was canceled). The past participle 'annullato' is frequently used in passive constructions.

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Common Pitfall

A common mistake for English speakers is to confuse 'annullare' with 'cancellare'. While both can mean 'to cancel', 'cancellare' often implies erasing or deleting something written or drawn (e.g., 'cancellare una parola' - to erase a word, 'cancellare un file' - to delete a file). 'Annullare' specifically refers to making something void, invalid, or calling off an event or agreement. For instance, you 'annullare' a flight, but you 'cancellare' a drawing. Pay attention to the context to choose the correct verb.

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Advanced Nuance

Beyond its basic meaning, 'annullare' can carry more nuanced implications. In a legal context, it signifies the act of rendering something legally void or invalid. In a more figurative sense, it can mean to negate or to make something ineffective, as in 'annullare l'effetto di un farmaco' (to nullify the effect of a drug). Furthermore, 'annullare' can be used in a psychological or emotional context to describe the feeling of being overwhelmed or made to feel insignificant, as in 'sentirsi annullato' (to feel nullified or insignificant). This depth of meaning adds to its richness in the Italian language.

語源

From Latin 'annullare', from 'ad-' ('to') + 'nullus' ('none, not any'). Meaning 'to make null' or 'to deprive of legal force'. First attested in Italian in the 13th century. It shares roots with English 'annul' and French 'annuler'. Over time, its usage expanded to common situations beyond legal contexts, encompassing the general sense of 'to cancel' or 'to revoke'. The infinitive form 'annullare' is commonly used, and it is a regular first conjugation verb in Italian.

文化的な背景

In Italy, the concept of 'annullare' (to cancel, annul, or nullify) carries practical weight across various daily scenarios and legal contexts. For instance, canceling a reservation ('annullare una prenotazione') for a restaurant or hotel is a common occurrence, often with specific policies regarding timing and potential fees. In the realm of public services, 'annullare un appuntamento' (to cancel an appointment) for things like medical visits or bureaucratic procedures is standard practice. Legally, 'annullare un contratto' (to annul a contract) or 'annullare un matrimonio' (to annul a marriage) involves formal processes and specific grounds, reflecting the seriousness of such actions within the Italian legal framework. The term also appears in more informal settings, like 'annullare una partita' (to cancel a game) due to bad weather. Understanding the context is key to appropriately using 'annullare,' as its implications can range from minor inconveniences to significant legal repercussions.

覚え方のコツ

Visualize 'annullare' as 'a null-are' – making something null or void, like canceling an appointment.

よくある質問

4 問

'Annullare' primarily means 'to cancel'. This can apply to various situations, such as canceling an appointment, a reservation, a contract, or an event. It implies making something null and void, as if it never happened or will not proceed as planned. For example, 'annullare un appuntamento' means to cancel an appointment, and 'annullare un volo' means to cancel a flight.

In a legal context, 'annullare' translates to 'to annul' or 'to nullify'. This refers to rendering something legally invalid. For instance, 'annullare un matrimonio' means to annul a marriage, indicating that the marriage is declared legally void. Similarly, 'annullare una legge' would mean to nullify a law, making it no longer effective or enforceable. This usage emphasizes the legal power to revoke or invalidate official documents or decisions.

Yes, 'annullare' can also be used in a more general sense to mean 'to abolish' or 'to revoke'. For example, one might 'annullare un ordine' (to cancel an order) or 'annullare una decisione' (to revoke a decision). It can also be used reflexively as 'annullarsi', meaning 'to cancel oneself out' or 'to become null and void', often implying a loss of significance or effectiveness. This versatility makes 'annullare' a frequently used verb in Italian.

Some common synonyms for 'annullare' include 'cancellare' (to cancel, erase), 'revocare' (to revoke, recall), 'invalidare' (to invalidate), and 'abolire' (to abolish). While 'cancellare' is often used interchangeably, 'annullare' tends to carry a stronger sense of making something legally or officially void. 'Revocare' specifically refers to taking back a decision or order, and 'invalidare' and 'abolire' are generally used in formal or legal contexts.

自分をテスト

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Dobbiamo ______ la prenotazione dell'hotel.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
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Il giudice ha deciso di ______ il contratto.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
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Non posso credere che abbiano dovuto ______ il concerto a causa del maltempo.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:

スコア： /3

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