At the A1 level, 'ვცხოვრობ' is one of the first verbs you learn to describe your basic identity. You use it in the present tense to state your current city or country. The focus is on the first-person singular ('მე ვცხოვრობ') and second-person singular ('შენ ცხოვრობ') for basic dialogue. You learn to attach the suffix '-ში' to city names. This level is about simple survival: being able to tell a taxi driver or a new acquaintance where you live. You don't need to worry about complex tenses or moods yet. Just focus on the pattern: Subject + Location-ში + ვცხოვრობ. For example, 'მე ამერიკაში ვცხოვრობ' (I live in America). You should also learn how to negate it: 'მე აქ არ ვცხოვრობ' (I don't live here). At this stage, the verb is a static fact-provider.
At A2, you expand your use of 'ვცხოვრობ' to include who you live with. You begin using the dative case with the postposition '-თან' (with). You might say 'მშობლებთან ვცხოვრობ' (I live with my parents) or 'მეგობართან ერთად ვცხოვრობ' (I live together with a friend). You also start using adverbs to describe your living situation, such as 'მარტო' (alone) or 'აქ' (here). You begin to use the plural forms: 'ჩვენ ვცხოვრობთ' (we live). You can also start using time expressions like 'ორი თვეა' (it's been two months) to indicate duration. The verb is now part of a more descriptive narrative about your daily life and social circle.
By B1, you can use 'ვცხოვრობ' in the past and future tenses (though the focus here is the present root). You understand the distinction between 'ვცხოვრობ' (permanent) and 'ვჩერდები' (temporary). You can describe your neighborhood and the quality of your life using more complex adjectives and adverbs. You might say 'წყნარ უბანში ვცხოვრობ' (I live in a quiet district). You also start to encounter the verb in different moods, such as the conditional ('აქ სიამოვნებით ვიცხოვრებდი' - I would live here with pleasure). You can handle more complex syntax, like 'იმ სახლში ვცხოვრობ, რომელიც პარკთან არის' (I live in that house which is near the park). Your use of the verb moves from simple facts to more nuanced descriptions.
At the B2 level, you use 'ვცხოვრობ' in metaphorical and abstract contexts. You might discuss living standards ('ცხოვრების დონე') or living a healthy lifestyle ('ჯანსაღი ცხოვრების წესით ვცხოვრობ'). You are comfortable with all screeves (tense-aspect-mood forms) of the verb. You can understand news reports or articles that use the verb to discuss demographic trends or social issues. You might use the verb to express opinions about urban versus rural living. Your vocabulary around the verb expands to include related nouns like 'ცხოვრება' (life/living) and 'საცხოვრებელი' (residential/dwelling). You can also use it in reported speech and complex conditional sentences.
At C1, you use 'ვცხოვრობ' with the precision of a native speaker, including literary and archaic nuances. You can appreciate the use of the verb in Georgian poetry and classical literature, where it might carry heavy existential weight. You understand the subtle differences between 'ვცხოვრობ,' 'ვსახლობ,' and 'ვბინადრობ' and can choose the one that fits the register of your writing or speech perfectly. You can participate in high-level discussions about sociology, urban planning, or philosophy where 'living' is a central theme. You are also familiar with idiomatic expressions and slang that might involve the root 'ცხოვრ-'. Your speech is fluid, and the conjugation is second nature, even in the most complex grammatical structures.
At the C2 level, you have complete mastery over the verb and its various derivations. You can use it to convey subtle ironies, double meanings, or specific cultural references. You might use archaic forms in a historical essay or very modern slang in a casual setting. You can navigate legal contracts regarding 'საცხოვრებელი ფართი' (living space) with ease. You understand the etymological connection of the verb to the broader Caucasian linguistic context. You can critique literature based on the 'lived experience' (ცხოვრებისეული გამოცდილება) of characters. Your use of 'ვცხოვრობ' is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker, adapting perfectly to any given communicative intent.

ვცხოვრობ 30秒で

  • Means 'I live' or 'I reside'.
  • Used with the suffix '-ში' for locations.
  • Used with '-თან' for people you live with.
  • Essential for basic self-introductions in Georgian.

The Georgian verb ვცხოვრობ (vtskhovrob) is a fundamental pillar of the Georgian language, primarily used to denote the act of residing or dwelling in a specific location. At its core, it translates to 'I live' or 'I am living.' This verb is essential for basic introductions, administrative tasks, and social interactions where one describes their home or current living situation. It is derived from the root ცხოვრ (tskhovr), which is intrinsically linked to the concept of life and existence (ცხოვრება - tskhovreba). Understanding this word requires more than just knowing a translation; it involves grasping the Georgian system of verb conjugation where the 'ვ-' (v-) prefix acts as the first-person marker.

Geographic Residence
This is the most common use. It indicates the city, country, or street where you stay. Example: 'მე თბილისში ვცხოვრობ' (I live in Tbilisi).
Domestic Arrangements
It describes who you live with. Using the postposition '-თან' (tan), you can say 'დედასთან ვცხოვრობ' (I live with mother).
State of Existence
While less common than 'ვარსებობ' (I exist), it can describe the quality of one's life or the act of 'living life' in a broad, philosophical sense.

ამჟამად საქართველოში ვცხოვრობ და ქართულს ვსწავლობ.

Translation: Currently, I live in Georgia and I am learning Georgian.

In everyday conversation, you will hear this word when people ask 'სად ცხოვრობ?' (Where do you live?). The response 'ვცხოვრობ...' sets the stage for your personal story. It is a 'Class 1' verb in many traditional Georgian grammars, meaning it follows a relatively predictable pattern in the present tense. The word encompasses both the physical act of being in a house and the social act of being a resident of a community. It is also used in more abstract contexts, such as 'living in the past' (წარსულში ვცხოვრობ), though this is more metaphorical. For a beginner, mastering 'ვცხოვრობ' is a major milestone because it allows you to anchor yourself in a Georgian-speaking environment. It is the bridge between being a visitor and being a resident. Whether you are filling out a form at a bank in Batumi or chatting with a neighbor in a 'Tbilisian yard,' this verb is your primary tool for self-identification regarding space and time.

მე ჩემს ოჯახთან ერთად ვცხოვრობ დიდ სახლში.

Translation: I live with my family in a big house.
Duration
When combined with time expressions like 'ორი წელია' (it has been two years), it describes how long you have been living somewhere: 'ორი წელია აქ ვცხოვრობ'.

Using ვცხოვრობ correctly involves understanding the cases of the nouns that accompany it. Most commonly, the place where you live is in the Adverbial case with the suffix -ში (in) or the Dative case with -თან (with/near). Because Georgian is an agglutinative language, these suffixes are attached directly to the end of the noun. For example, 'თბილისი' becomes 'თბილისში'. The verb itself remains stable in the present tense for 'I', but you must be prepared to change the prefix and suffix for other people (e.g., 'ცხოვრობ' for 'you live').

The 'In' Pattern
Noun + -ში + ვცხოვრობ. Example: 'საფრანგეთში ვცხოვრობ' (I live in France).
The 'With' Pattern
Person + -თან + ვცხოვრობ. Example: 'მეგობართან ვცხოვრობ' (I live with a friend).

მარტო ვცხოვრობ პატარა ბინაში.

Translation: I live alone in a small apartment.

When describing the *type* of dwelling, you use adjectives. In Georgian, adjectives usually precede the noun. So, 'in a modern house' becomes 'თანამედროვე სახლში'. If you want to say 'I live near the park,' you would use the postposition '-თან ახლოს' with the dative case: 'პარკთან ახლოს ვცხოვრობ'. This versatility makes 'ვცხოვრობ' a very powerful verb for spatial orientation. Furthermore, the verb can be used with adverbs of frequency or manner. For instance, 'ბედნიერად ვცხოვრობ' means 'I live happily.' It is important to note that Georgian does not have a separate 'present continuous' tense like English. Therefore, 'ვცხოვრობ' means both 'I live' (habitually) and 'I am living' (right now/temporarily).

უკვე ათი წელია, რაც ამ ქუჩაზე ვცხოვრობ.

Translation: It has been ten years already since I have been living on this street.

In more complex sentences, 'ვცხოვრობ' can be the main verb of a subordinate clause. For example, 'მინდა, რომ საქართველოში ვცხოვრობდე' (I want that I should be living in Georgia) uses a different mood (subjunctive), but the root 'ცხოვრ' remains the same. For beginners, focusing on the indicative 'ვცხოვრობ' is the first priority. You should practice combining it with different pronouns to see the patterns: მე ვცხოვრობ (I live), შენ ცხოვრობ (you live), ის ცხოვრობს (he/she lives). This verb is also central to the concept of 'lifestyle.' When you say 'ჯანსაღად ვცხოვრობ' (I live healthily), you are using the same verb to describe your habits rather than your physical location.

You will encounter ვცხოვრობ in a variety of real-world scenarios, ranging from the mundane to the official. In Georgia, the concept of home and neighborhood is deeply ingrained in the culture, so questions about residency are very common. Here are the most likely places you will hear or use this word:

Border Control & Immigration
Officers will ask 'სად აპირებთ ცხოვრებას?' (Where do you intend to live?) and you might reply 'თბილისში ვცხოვრობ' if you are already a resident.
Social Gatherings (Supras)
When meeting new people, the question 'სად ცხოვრობ?' is almost always in the top three questions, alongside your name and profession.
Real Estate & Renting
When looking for an apartment, you might tell a landlord 'ამ უბანში ცხოვრება მინდა' (I want to live in this district) or explain your current situation: 'ახლა ქირით ვცხოვრობ' (I live in a rental now).

ბავშვობიდან ამ სახლში ვცხოვრობ.

Translation: I have been living in this house since childhood.

In Georgian media, news reports often mention where certain figures 'ცხოვრობენ' (they live). In literature, the verb is used to set the scene of a character's life. For example, a novel might begin with: 'ის პატარა, მივიწყებულ სოფელში ცხოვრობდა' (He lived in a small, forgotten village). In music, lyrics often reflect on 'living' in a certain city or 'living' through a certain emotion. Pop songs might use the phrase 'შენით ვცხოვრობ' (I live through/by you) as a romantic expression. In cinema, dialogue frequently revolves around living arrangements, especially in comedies that highlight the quirks of Georgian apartment life.

მე და ჩემი მეუღლე ბათუმში ვცხოვრობთ.

Translation: Me and my spouse live in Batumi.

Learning Georgian verbs can be tricky, and ვცხოვრობ has its own set of pitfalls for English speakers. One of the most common errors is confusing 'living' (residing) with 'being alive.' While they share a root, they are used differently. If you want to say 'I am alive,' you should say 'ცოცხალი ვარ' (tsotskhali var), not 'ვცხოვრობ.' Using 'ვცხოვრობ' to mean 'I am not dead' sounds very strange in Georgian.

Wrong Case Suffix
Mistake: 'ვცხოვრობ თბილისი' (I live Tbilisi). Correct: 'ვცხოვრობ თბილისში' (I live IN Tbilisi). You must include the '-ში' suffix.
Confusion with 'To Be'
Mistake: 'მე ვარ ვცხოვრობ' (I am I live). Correct: 'მე ვცხოვრობ'. In Georgian, you don't use 'v-ar' (to be) as an auxiliary verb for the present tense.
The 'With' Postposition
Mistake: 'ვცხოვრობ ჩემი მეგობარი' (I live my friend). Correct: 'ჩემს მეგობართან ვცხოვრობ' (I live with my friend).

შეცდომა: მე ვცხოვრობ ლონდონი. სწორია: მე ვცხოვრობ ლონდონში.

Explanation: Always use the -ში suffix for cities.

Another subtle mistake involves the use of 'on' versus 'in.' In English, we live 'on' a street but 'in' a city. Georgian follows this logic but uses different suffixes. For a street, use '-ზე' (on): 'რუსთაველის გამზირზე ვცხოვრობ' (I live on Rustaveli Avenue). If you use '-ში' for a street, it sounds like you are living inside the asphalt of the road! Conversely, using '-ზე' for a city (e.g., 'თბილისზე ვცხოვრობ') would imply you are living on top of the entire city, perhaps in a giant hovering ship. It's also worth noting the word order. While Georgian is flexible, putting the location before the verb ('თბილისში ვცხოვრობ') is the most natural way to emphasize where you live. Putting the verb first ('ვცხოვრობ თბილისში') is also correct but often used when the focus is on the act of living itself or as a direct answer to a question.

ნუ იტყვით: 'ვცხოვრობ ჩემს მშობლებთან ერთად'. ეს ზედმეტია. უბრალოდ თქვით: 'მშობლებთან ვცხოვრობ'.

Note: 'ერთად' (together) is often redundant when using '-თან' (with).

While ვცხოვრობ is the general-purpose word for 'I live,' Georgian offers several alternatives depending on the level of formality or the specific context of habitation.

ვსახლობ (vsakhlob)
This comes from the root 'სახლი' (house). It specifically means 'I am settled' or 'I reside.' It is slightly more formal and often used in legal or historical contexts. Example: 'ამ სოფელში ბევრი ხალხი ვსახლობთ'.
ვბინადრობ (vbinadrob)
Derived from 'ბინა' (apartment/dwelling). It carries the sense of 'inhabiting.' This is frequently used for animals in their natural habitats (e.g., 'დათვები ტყეში ბინადრობენ'), but it can also be used for humans in a more formal or descriptive way.
ვჩერდები (vcherdebi)
Literally 'I am stopping' or 'I am staying.' This is used for temporary living, like staying at a hotel or a friend's house for a few days. Example: 'სასტუმროში ვჩერდები' (I am staying at a hotel).

შედარება: ვცხოვრობ (მუდმივად) vs. ვჩერდები (დროებით).

Comparison: Living (permanently) vs. Staying (temporarily).

Understanding the difference between these words helps you sound more like a native speaker. If you say 'სასტუმროში ვცხოვრობ,' it sounds like you have moved into the hotel permanently as your primary residence. If you are just there for a holiday, 'ვჩერდები' is much better. There is also the word 'ვარსებობ' (varsebob), which means 'I exist.' You might use this in a dramatic or philosophical way: 'მე კი არ ვცხოვრობ, ვარსებობ' (I'm not living, I'm just existing/surviving). In legal documents, you might see 'რეგისტრირებული ვარ' (I am registered), which refers to your official address of record. Finally, 'დავბინავდი' (davbinavdi) means 'I have settled in' or 'I have found a place to stay,' which is the result of the process of moving. For most A1-B1 learners, sticking to 'ვცხოვრობ' for residency and 'ვჩერდები' for short stays is the best strategy.

Synonym Comparison Table
  • ვცხოვრობ: General, neutral.
  • ვსახლობ: Formal, emphasis on the house.
  • ვბინადრობ: Formal/Scientific, emphasis on habitat.
  • ვჩერდები: Temporary, short-term stay.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

"ამჟამად ვსახლობ თბილისის ცენტრალურ უბანში."

ニュートラル

"თბილისში ვცხოვრობ."

カジュアル

"აქვე ვცხოვრობ, კუთხეში."

Child friendly

"მე და დეიკო დიდ სახლში ვცხოვრობთ."

スラング

"ვაკეში ვიჩითები (slang for staying/living)."

豆知識

The root 'tskhovr' is also found in the word 'tskhoveli' (animal), which literally means 'a living thing'.

発音ガイド

UK /vt͡sʰxovrob/
US /vt͡sʰxoʊvroʊb/
Stress is typically on the first syllable in Georgian, but it is very subtle.
韻が合う語
ვპოულობ (vpoulob) ვთხოულობ (vtxoulob) ვგულობ (vgulob) ვმკურნალობ (vmkurnalob) ვგალობ (vgalob) ვწვალობ (vtsvalob) ვგულაობ (vgulaob) ვთამაშობ (vtamashob)
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing 'v' and 'ts' as separate syllables.
  • Making the 'kh' sound like a 'k' instead of a raspy 'h'.
  • Over-stressing the final 'ob'.
  • Dropping the initial 'v' entirely.
  • Mispronouncing the 'o' as 'uh'.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize once the root is known.

ライティング 3/5

The 'v-ts-kh' cluster can be difficult to spell correctly.

スピーキング 4/5

The initial consonant cluster is very challenging for English speakers.

リスニング 3/5

The initial 'v' can be swallowed in fast speech.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

მე (I) სად (where) სახლი (house) ქალაქი (city) ში (in)

次に学ぶ

ვმუშაობ (I work) ვსწავლობ (I study) მქვია (My name is) მინდა (I want) მაქვს (I have)

上級

ბინადრობა (habitation) დასახლება (settlement) ყოფა-ცხოვრება (way of life) არსებობა (existence) მკვიდრი (native/resident)

知っておくべき文法

First person 'v-' prefix

ვ-ცხოვრობ (I live)

Adverbial case for 'in'

თბილის-ში (In Tbilisi)

Dative case with '-თან'

მეგობარ-თან (With a friend)

Present tense suffix '-ob'

ვ-ცხოვრ-ობ

Subject dropping

თბილისში ვცხოვრობ (instead of 'მე თბილისში ვცხოვრობ')

レベル別の例文

1

მე თბილისში ვცხოვრობ.

I live in Tbilisi.

Subject (Me) + City (Tbilisi) + -shi (in) + Verb (vtskhovrob).

2

სად ცხოვრობ?

Where do you live?

Question word (sad) + Verb (tskhovrob - 2nd person).

3

მე საქართველოში ვცხოვრობ.

I live in Georgia.

Country (Sakartvelo) + -shi (in).

4

ის ლონდონში ცხოვრობს.

He/she lives in London.

3rd person singular ends in -s.

5

აქ ვცხოვრობ.

I live here.

Adverb (ak) + Verb.

6

ბათუმში ვცხოვრობ.

I live in Batumi.

Subject 'Me' is omitted.

7

შენ სად ცხოვრობ?

Where do YOU live?

Emphatic use of 'shen' (you).

8

ჩვენ აქ ვცხოვრობთ.

We live here.

1st person plural ends in -t.

1

მშობლებთან ვცხოვრობ.

I live with (my) parents.

Noun (mshoblebi) + -tan (with).

2

მარტო ვცხოვრობ პატარა ბინაში.

I live alone in a small apartment.

Adverb (marto) + Noun + -shi.

3

ჩემს მეგობართან ერთად ვცხოვრობ.

I live together with my friend.

Possessive (chems) + Noun + -tan + ertad.

4

უკვე ერთი წელია აქ ვცხოვრობ.

I have been living here for one year already.

Time expression + Verb.

5

ვცხოვრობ დიდ სახლში ბაღით.

I live in a big house with a garden.

Adjective (did) + Noun + -shi.

6

ქირით ვცხოვრობ ამ უბანში.

I live by rent (renting) in this district.

Instrumental case (kirit) used for 'by rent'.

7

ჩემი და პარიზში ცხოვრობს.

My sister lives in Paris.

Possessive + Subject + Location + Verb.

8

ისინი სოფელში ცხოვრობენ.

They live in a village.

3rd person plural ends in -en.

1

მინდა, რომ მთაში ვცხოვრობდე.

I want to be living in the mountains.

Subjunctive mood (vtskhovrobde) after 'minda, rom'.

2

ძალიან წყნარ ქუჩაზე ვცხოვრობ.

I live on a very quiet street.

Use of -ze for streets.

3

აქ ცხოვრება ძალიან მომწონს.

I like living here very much.

Masdar (tskhovreba) used as a noun.

4

ადრე სხვა ქალაქში ვცხოვრობდი.

I used to live in another city before.

Imperfect tense (vtskhovrobdi).

5

მომავალში მინდა საზღვარგარეთ ვიცხოვრო.

In the future, I want to live abroad.

Aorist subjunctive (vitskhovro) for future desire.

6

ჩვენს მეზობლად ბევრი სტუდენტი ცხოვრობს.

Many students live in our neighborhood.

Adverbial 'mezoblad' (as neighbors/nearby).

7

ამ ბინაში უკვე მესამე თაობა ვცხოვრობთ.

We are the third generation living in this apartment.

Emphasis on continuity.

8

ვცდილობ ჯანსაღად ვიცხოვრო.

I try to live healthily.

Adverb (jansaghad) + Subjunctive.

1

ისეთი შეგრძნება მაქვს, თითქოს სიზმარში ვცხოვრობ.

I have a feeling as if I am living in a dream.

Metaphorical use with 'titkos' (as if).

2

ხალხი აქ საკმაოდ მოკრძალებულად ცხოვრობს.

People live quite modestly here.

Adverb (mokrdzalebulad) describing lifestyle.

3

ვცხოვრობთ ეპოქაში, სადაც ტექნოლოგია ყველაფერს ცვლის.

We live in an era where technology changes everything.

Abstract 'era' (epoka) as location.

4

ბევრი ადამიანი ილუზიებში ცხოვრობს.

Many people live in illusions.

Abstract plural 'iluziebi'.

5

ამ კანონით, თქვენ გაქვთ უფლება აქ იცხოვროთ.

By this law, you have the right to live here.

Formal right to reside.

6

ის საკუთარი პრინციპებით ცხოვრობს.

He lives by his own principles.

Instrumental case (prentsipebit) for 'by/with'.

7

ვერ წარმოიდგენ, რა პირობებში ვცხოვრობთ.

You cannot imagine in what conditions we live.

Noun 'pirobebi' (conditions).

8

მთელი ცხოვრება ამ იდეით ვცხოვრობდი.

I lived with this idea my whole life.

Abstract internal state.

1

მწერალი თავის ნაწარმოებებში აგრძელებს ცხოვრებას.

The writer continues to live in his works.

Existential/Literary use.

2

ჩვენ ვცხოვრობთ პოსტმოდერნისტულ რეალობაში.

We live in a postmodern reality.

Academic context.

3

ის ისე ცხოვრობს, თითქოს ხვალინდელი დღე არ არსებობდეს.

He lives as if tomorrow does not exist.

Complex comparative structure.

4

ამ ქალაქის ყოველი კუთხე მოგონებებით ცხოვრობს.

Every corner of this city lives with memories.

Personification of the city.

5

ვცხოვრობთ იმ იმედით, რომ ყველაფერი გამოსწორდება.

We live with the hope that everything will be fixed.

Instrumental 'imedit' (with hope).

6

ის სხვისი ხარჯზე ცხოვრობს.

He lives at someone else's expense.

Idiomatic expression.

7

ქართველი ხალხი საუკუნეების განმავლობაში ამ მიწაზე ცხოვრობს.

The Georgian people have lived on this land for centuries.

Historical continuity.

8

ვცხოვრობ და ვტკბები ყოველი წამით.

I live and enjoy every second.

Philosophical presence.

1

ადამიანი მხოლოდ პურითა არა ცხოვრობს.

Man does not live by bread alone.

Biblical/Archaic 'ara tskhovrobs'.

2

იგი თავისივე შექმნილ სამყაროში ცხოვრობს და რეალობას მოწყვეტილია.

He lives in a world of his own making and is detached from reality.

Psychological/Literary depth.

3

ვცხოვრობთ ეპოქაში, რომელსაც 'ციფრული დიქტატურა' შეიძლება ეწოდოს.

We live in an era that could be called a 'digital dictatorship'.

Sociopolitical critique.

4

იგი ასკეტურად ცხოვრობს, ყოველგვარ მიწიერ სიკეთეზე უარი თქვა.

He lives ascetically, having renounced all earthly goods.

High-level vocabulary (asketurad).

5

ჩვენს ცნობიერებაში ისევ ძველი სტერეოტიპები ცხოვრობენ.

Old stereotypes still live in our consciousness.

Abstract internal personification.

6

ვცხოვრობთ ისეთ დროს, როცა სიმართლე ფარდობითია.

We live in such a time when truth is relative.

Philosophical nuance.

7

იგი თავისი წინაპრების ადათ-წესებით ცხოვრობს.

He lives by the customs and traditions of his ancestors.

Cultural/Legal terminology.

8

ვცხოვრობ იმ განცდით, რომ ჩემი მისია ჯერ არ დასრულებულა.

I live with the feeling that my mission is not yet over.

Existential purpose.

よく使う組み合わせ

მარტო ვცხოვრობ
ქირით ვცხოვრობ
ოჯახთან ერთად ვცხოვრობ
თბილისში ვცხოვრობ
ბედნიერად ვცხოვრობ
ჯანსაღად ვცხოვრობ
სადმე ახლოს ვცხოვრობ
საზღვარგარეთ ვცხოვრობ
საკუთარ სახლში ვცხოვრობ
სტუდენტურ საცხოვრებელში ვცხოვრობ

よく使うフレーズ

სად ცხოვრობ?

— Where do you live? Standard question for residence.

გამარჯობა, სად ცხოვრობ?

აქ ვცხოვრობ.

— I live here. Simple statement of presence.

მე აქვე, ამ კორპუსში ვცხოვრობ.

ვისთან ერთად ცხოვრობ?

— Who do you live with? Inquiry about roommates or family.

მარტო ხარ თუ ვისთან ერთად ცხოვრობ?

დიდხანს ცხოვრობ აქ?

— Have you lived here long? Asking about duration.

უკვე დიდხანს ცხოვრობ ამ ქალაქში?

კარგად ვცხოვრობთ.

— We live well. Often means financially comfortable.

მადლობა, კარგად ვცხოვრობთ.

სადმე უნდა ვიცხოვრო.

— I need to live somewhere. Expressing a need for housing.

სამსახური მაქვს, ახლა სადმე უნდა ვიცხოვრო.

სოფელში მირჩევნია ცხოვრება.

— I prefer living in the village.

ხმაური არ მიყვარს, სოფელში მირჩევნია ცხოვრება.

მარტო ცხოვრება ძნელია.

— Living alone is difficult.

ხანდახან მარტო ცხოვრება ძნელია.

სხვაგან ვცხოვრობ.

— I live elsewhere. Used to clarify location.

არა, მე აქ არა, სხვაგან ვცხოვრობ.

ბავშვობიდან აქ ვცხოვრობ.

— I've lived here since childhood.

ეს ჩემი უბანია, ბავშვობიდან აქ ვცხოვრობ.

よく混同される語

ვცხოვრობ vs ვარსებობ

Means 'I exist'. Use 'ვცხოვრობ' for your address.

ვცხოვრობ vs ვჩერდები

Means 'I am staying (temporarily)'. Use 'ვცხოვრობ' for your permanent home.

ვცხოვრობ vs ვმუშაობ

Means 'I work'. Don't confuse 'where I live' with 'where I work'.

慣用句と表現

"ჰაერით ცხოვრობს"

— Lives on air. Used for someone who eats very little or has no income.

ეს ბიჭი არაფერს ჭამს, მგონი ჰაერით ცხოვრობს.

Informal
"წარსულით ცხოვრობს"

— Lives in the past. Someone who cannot move on from old events.

დაივიწყე ძველი ამბები, წარსულით ნუ ცხოვრობ.

Neutral
"სხვისი ჭკუით ცხოვრობს"

— Lives by someone else's wits. Someone who doesn't think for themselves.

საკუთარი აზრი არ გააჩნია, სხვისი ჭკუით ცხოვრობს.

Informal
"დღევანდელი დღით ცხოვრობს"

— Lives for today. Someone who doesn't plan for the future.

ფულს არ ზოგავს, მხოლოდ დღევანდელი დღით ცხოვრობს.

Neutral
"ოცნებებში ცხოვრობს"

— Lives in dreams. Someone unrealistic.

ჩამოვიდეს დედამიწაზე, სულ ოცნებებში ცხოვრობს.

Informal
"ფართო ფეხზე ცხოვრობს"

— Lives on a broad foot. Lives luxuriously/extravagantly.

დიდი შემოსავალი აქვს და ფართო ფეხზე ცხოვრობს.

Neutral
"საკუთარ ნაჭუჭში ცხოვრობს"

— Lives in their own shell. Someone introverted or isolated.

ძალიან ჩაკეტილია, საკუთარ ნაჭუჭში ცხოვრობს.

Informal
"სხვის ხარჯზე ცხოვრობს"

— Lives at another's expense. A moocher.

ორმოცი წლისაა და ისევ მშობლების ხარჯზე ცხოვრობს.

Informal
"ილუზიებში ცხოვრობს"

— Lives in illusions. Similar to living in dreams.

ნუ უსმენ, ეგ კაცი ილუზიებში ცხოვრობს.

Neutral
"ერთი დღით ცხოვრობს"

— Lives for one day. Living without regard for consequences.

არაფერზე დარდობს, ერთი დღით ცხოვრობს.

Neutral

間違えやすい

ვცხოვრობ vs ცოცხალი

Both relate to 'living'.

'ცოცხალი' is an adjective meaning 'alive'. 'ვცხოვრობ' is a verb meaning 'I reside'.

მე ცოცხალი ვარ (I am alive) vs მე აქ ვცხოვრობ (I live here).

ვცხოვრობ vs სახლი

Both relate to home.

'სახლი' is the noun (house). 'ვცხოვრობ' is the action (living).

ეს ჩემი სახლია. აქ ვცხოვრობ.

ვცხოვრობ vs ბინა

Both relate to residence.

'ბინა' is an apartment. 'ვცხოვრობ' is the verb.

ბინაში ვცხოვრობ.

ვცხოვრობ vs ცხოვრება

Same root.

'ცხოვრება' is the noun (life/living). 'ვცხოვრობ' is the conjugated verb (I live).

ცხოვრება რთულია. მე თბილისში ვცხოვრობ.

ვცხოვრობ vs გადასახლება

Relates to moving.

'გადასახლება' means 'exile' or 'resettlement'. 'ვცხოვრობ' is just 'living'.

ის აქ გადასახლდა.

文型パターン

A1

მე [Location]-ში ვცხოვრობ.

მე ბათუმში ვცხოვრობ.

A1

შენ სად ცხოვრობ?

შენ სად ცხოვრობ?

A2

[Person]-თან ვცხოვრობ.

ბებიასთან ვცხოვრობ.

A2

[Adverb] ვცხოვრობ.

მარტო ვცხოვრობ.

B1

[Time] არის, რაც აქ ვცხოვრობ.

ხუთი წელია, რაც აქ ვცხოვრობ.

B1

მინდა, რომ [Location]-ში ვცხოვრობდე.

მინდა, რომ ლონდონში ვცხოვრობდე.

B2

[Abstract Noun]-ით ვცხოვრობ.

იმედით ვცხოვრობ.

C1

[Clause], ამიტომაც ვცხოვრობ აქ.

აქაურობა მიყვარს, ამიტომაც ვცხოვრობ აქ.

語族

名詞

動詞

形容詞

関連

使い方

frequency

Extremely high; one of the top 50 most used verbs in Georgian.

よくある間違い
  • Me tskhovrob Me vtskhovrob

    You forgot the 'v-' prefix which indicates 'I'.

  • Vtskhovrob Tbilisi Tbilis-shi vtskhovrob

    You forgot the '-shi' (in) suffix for the location.

  • Vtskhovrob chemi megobari Chems megobartan vtskhovrob

    To say 'with' a person, you must use the '-tan' suffix.

  • Vtskhovrob Rustaveli kucha-shi Rustavelis kucha-ze vtskhovrob

    For streets, the correct suffix is '-ze' (on), not '-shi' (in).

  • Me var vtskhovrob Me vtskhovrob

    Don't use 'var' (am) with other verbs in the present tense.

ヒント

The Suffix Matters

Always remember to add '-ში' to cities and '-ზე' to streets. Georgian depends on these case markers to make sense.

Consonant Clusters

Don't be afraid of the 'vtskh' sound. Start by saying 'tskh' and then just lightly add a 'v' sound at the very beginning.

Hospitality

If you tell a Georgian where you live, they might ask you about your neighbors. Networking is very local in Georgia!

Root Recognition

Learn the root 'tskhovr'. It will help you recognize 'tskhovreba' (life), 'tskhoveli' (animal), and other related words.

Drop the Pronoun

You don't need to say 'Me' (I) every time. 'Vtskhovrob' already contains 'I'. Dropping 'Me' makes you sound more like a native.

Stay vs. Live

Use 'vtskhovrob' for your actual home. If you're just visiting for a week, 'vcherdebi' is the correct verb.

V-Shape

Imagine a 'V' for 'Village' - 'V-tskhovrob' in a 'Village'.

Ending 's'

If you hear 'tskhovrobs' (with an 's'), they are talking about someone else (he/she/it).

Icebreaker

'Sad tskhovrob?' is a perfectly polite and expected question when meeting someone in Georgia.

Subjunctive

If you want to say 'I want to live...', use 'minda vitskhovro'. The verb changes slightly in the future/desire form.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'v-tskhovrob' as 'V (I) + Tskhovr (Life) + Ob (Verb ending)'. Imagine a 'V' shape house where you live your 'Life'.

視覚的連想

Visualize a giant letter 'V' standing on top of a map of Georgia.

Word Web

Home Address City Family Roommate Rent Neighborhood Country

チャレンジ

Try to say 'vtskhovrob' five times fast without stumbling over the 'v-ts' cluster.

語源

Derived from the Old Georgian root 'ცხოვრ-' (tskhovr-), which is related to the concept of life and vitality. It has been the standard verb for 'to live' for over a millennium.

元の意味: To be alive, to exist, and later to reside in a place.

Kartvelian (South Caucasian).

文化的な背景

Be aware that asking 'where do you live' can sometimes be perceived as too personal in some cultures, but in Georgia, it is a standard, friendly icebreaker.

English speakers often distinguish between 'living' and 'staying' more sharply than Georgians do in casual speech, though 'vcherdebi' exists for 'staying'.

The song 'Tbiliso' mentions living in the city. Classic Georgian films like 'The Wishing Tree' explore village living. The poem 'I live' by various Georgian poets.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Meeting someone new

  • სად ცხოვრობ?
  • თბილისში ვცხოვრობ.
  • შენს ახლოს ვცხოვრობ.
  • დიდხანს ცხოვრობ აქ?

Renting an apartment

  • აქ ცხოვრება მინდა.
  • მარტო ვცხოვრობ.
  • ქირით ვცხოვრობ.
  • მშობლებთან ვცხოვრობ.

At the bank/office

  • ამ მისამართზე ვცხოვრობ.
  • საქართველოში ვცხოვრობ.
  • დროებით აქ ვცხოვრობ.
  • ჩემი ოჯახი აქ ცხოვრობს.

Describing lifestyle

  • ჯანსაღად ვცხოვრობ.
  • კარგად ვცხოვრობთ.
  • მშვიდად ვცხოვრობ.
  • აქტიურად ვცხოვრობ.

Talking about the past

  • ადრე აქ ვცხოვრობდი.
  • ბავშვობაში სოფელში ვცხოვრობდი.
  • სხვაგან ვცხოვრობდი.
  • სულ აქ ვცხოვრობ.

会話のきっかけ

"გამარჯობა, მე თბილისში ვცხოვრობ. შენ სად ცხოვრობ?"

"უკვე დიდი ხანია, რაც ამ ქუჩაზე ვცხოვრობ. შენ როდის გადმოხვედი?"

"მარტო ცხოვრობ თუ ოჯახთან ერთად?"

"საქართველოში ცხოვრება მოგწონს?"

"რომელ უბანში ცხოვრობ?"

日記のテーマ

აღწერე სახლი, სადაც ახლა ცხოვრობ. (Describe the house where you live now.)

ვისთან ერთად ცხოვრობ და როგორი ურთიერთობა გაქვთ? (Who do you live with and what is your relationship like?)

რომელ ქალაქში ისურვებდი ცხოვრებას მომავალში? (In which city would you wish to live in the future?)

რა არის შენთვის ყველაზე მნიშვნელოვანი იქ, სადაც ცხოვრობ? (What is most important for you in the place where you live?)

შეადარე ქალაქში ცხოვრება და სოფელში ცხოვრება. (Compare living in the city and living in the village.)

よくある質問

10 問

You say 'თბილისში ვცხოვრობ' (Tbilis-shi vtskhovrob). The '-shi' means 'in'.

'Vtskhovrob' is for living somewhere permanently or long-term. 'Vcherdebi' is for staying somewhere temporarily, like a hotel or a friend's house during a trip.

No, that would sound strange. To say 'I am alive,' use 'ცოცხალი ვარ' (tsotskhali var).

You say 'მშობლებთან ვცხოვრობ' (mshoblebtan vtskhovrob). The '-tan' suffix means 'with' in this context.

Yes, the 'v-' (ვ-) is the marker for 'I'. Without it, 'tskhovrob' means 'you live'.

Use the suffix '-ზე' (ze) for streets: 'რუსთაველის გამზირზე ვცხოვრობ'.

The imperfect (I used to live) is 'ვცხოვრობდი'. The aorist (I lived/stayed) is 'ვიცხოვრე'.

Ask 'სად ცხოვრობ?' (Sad tskhovrob?).

Yes, but 'vbinadrob' is more common in scientific or formal contexts for animal habitats.

It is a romantic expression meaning 'I live through you' or 'you are my life'.

自分をテスト 180 問

writing

Translate: 'I live in Tbilisi.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'Where do you live?'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'I live with my parents.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'I live alone.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'They live in Batumi.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'We live here.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'I live on Rustaveli Avenue.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'I have been living here for two years.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'I want to live in Georgia.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'He lives healthily.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'I live in a small apartment.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'My sister lives abroad.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'I live near the park.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'I don't live here.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'I used to live in London.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'Do you live alone?'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'We live in a big house.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'Who do you live with?'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'I live by my principles.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'It is good to live here.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
speaking

Say out loud: 'ვცხოვრობ'

Read this aloud:

正解! おしい! 正解:
speaking

Say out loud: 'თბილისში ვცხოვრობ'

Read this aloud:

正解! おしい! 正解:
speaking

Ask: 'Where do you live?'

Read this aloud:

正解! おしい! 正解:
speaking

Say: 'I live with my family.'

Read this aloud:

正解! おしい! 正解:
speaking

Say: 'I live alone.'

Read this aloud:

正解! おしい! 正解:
speaking

Say: 'I live in a big city.'

Read this aloud:

正解! おしい! 正解:
speaking

Say: 'I have lived here for a long time.'

Read this aloud:

正解! おしい! 正解:
speaking

Say: 'I live on the third floor.'

Read this aloud:

正解! おしい! 正解:
speaking

Say: 'I live near the station.'

Read this aloud:

正解! おしい! 正解:
speaking

Say: 'I live happily.'

Read this aloud:

正解! おしい! 正解:
speaking

Say: 'I live by rent.'

Read this aloud:

正解! おしい! 正解:
speaking

Say: 'They live in the mountains.'

Read this aloud:

正解! おしい! 正解:
speaking

Say: 'I want to live in London.'

Read this aloud:

正解! おしい! 正解:
speaking

Say: 'I live healthily.'

Read this aloud:

正解! おしい! 正解:
speaking

Say: 'We live together.'

Read this aloud:

正解! おしい! 正解:
speaking

Say: 'I live in Georgia.'

Read this aloud:

正解! おしい! 正解:
speaking

Say: 'I live on this street.'

Read this aloud:

正解! おしい! 正解:
speaking

Say: 'My parents live in a village.'

Read this aloud:

正解! おしい! 正解:
speaking

Say: 'I live in an old house.'

Read this aloud:

正解! おしい! 正解:
speaking

Say: 'I live in a quiet neighborhood.'

Read this aloud:

正解! おしい! 正解:
listening

Listen to 'თბილისში ვცხოვრობ' and identify the city.

正解! おしい! 正解:
正解! おしい! 正解:
listening

Listen to 'მარტო ვცხოვრობ' and identify if the speaker is with others.

正解! おしい! 正解:
正解! おしい! 正解:
listening

Listen to 'ბათუმში ცხოვრობენ' and identify who is living there.

正解! おしい! 正解:
正解! おしい! 正解:
listening

Listen to 'მშობლებთან ვცხოვრობ' and identify who the speaker lives with.

正解! おしい! 正解:
正解! おしい! 正解:
listening

Listen to 'ქირით ვცხოვრობ' and identify the living arrangement.

正解! おしい! 正解:
正解! おしい! 正解:
listening

Listen to 'სად ცხოვრობ?' and identify the intent.

正解! おしい! 正解:
正解! おしい! 正解:
listening

Listen to 'აქვე ვცხოვრობ' and identify the location.

正解! おしい! 正解:
正解! おしい! 正解:
listening

Listen to 'მთაში ცხოვრობს' and identify the location.

正解! おしい! 正解:
正解! おしい! 正解:
listening

Listen to 'ჯანსაღად ვცხოვრობთ' and identify the lifestyle.

正解! おしい! 正解:
正解! おしい! 正解:
listening

Listen to 'საზღვარგარეთ ვცხოვრობ' and identify the location.

正解! おしい! 正解:
正解! おしい! 正解:
listening

Listen to 'ადრე აქ ვცხოვრობდი' and identify the tense.

正解! おしい! 正解:
正解! おしい! 正解:
listening

Listen to 'ვცხოვრობთ' and identify the person.

正解! おしい! 正解:
正解! おしい! 正解:
listening

Listen to 'პარკთან ვცხოვრობ' and identify the landmark.

正解! おしい! 正解:
正解! おしい! 正解:
listening

Listen to 'ბედნიერად ვცხოვრობ' and identify the mood.

正解! おしい! 正解:
正解! おしい! 正解:
listening

Listen to 'ცხოვრობს' and identify the person.

正解! おしい! 正解:
正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'I live in a peaceful neighborhood with my friend.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:
writing

Translate: 'Where did you live when you were a child?'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解! おしい! 正解:

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

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