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B1 verb 9分で読める

멍들다

meongdeulda

練習する例文メモとヒント 멍들다 30秒で

解説 멍들다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know '멍들다' as a simple way to describe a physical injury. Imagine you are playing and you fall down. You might see a blue or purple mark on your skin. That is a '멍' (bruise). When that mark appears, we say '멍들다.' In basic Korean, you will mostly use this in the past tense: '멍들었어요' (I got a bruise). You can use it with body parts like '다리' (leg), '팔' (arm), or '무릎' (knee). For example, '무릎에 멍들었어요' means 'I got a bruise on my knee.' It is helpful for explaining why you are in a little bit of pain or why your skin looks different. You don't need to worry about the deep emotional meanings yet. Just focus on the physical mark you get after bumping into something. Remember that '멍' is the noun and '들다' is the verb part. Together, they mean 'a bruise forms.'

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At the A2 level, you can start using '멍들다' more specifically with particles and simple adverbs. You should know that '멍이 들다' is the full phrase, where '멍' is the subject. You can describe the color, like '파랗게 멍들다' (to bruise blue/purple). You might also use it when talking about food. If you drop a fruit, like an apple (사과) or a peach (복숭아), and it gets a soft, dark spot, you can say '사과가 멍들었어요.' This is very useful for daily life and shopping. You should also be able to ask others if they are okay if you see a bruise: '괜찮아요? 팔에 멍들었네요.' (Are you okay? You have a bruise on your arm.) At this level, you are moving from just stating a fact to describing the condition of things and people around you using this verb.

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable with both the physical and the basic metaphorical uses of '멍들다.' You will start to see this word in stories or songs to describe feelings. The phrase '가슴에 멍이 들다' (to have a bruise on one's heart/chest) is a common way to express deep sadness or being hurt by someone's words. You should also understand the grammar better: '멍들다' is an intransitive verb, so you cannot 'bruise something' directly; instead, the bruise 'forms' on a location. If you want to say someone caused a bruise, you use '멍들게 하다.' You might also encounter this word in news reports about minor accidents or in conversations about health and recovery. You should be able to explain how you got the bruise and how long it has been there using time expressions like '며칠 전에' (a few days ago).

At the B2 level, you should recognize '멍들다' in more complex social and economic contexts. It is frequently used in editorials or news broadcasts to describe damage to abstract concepts. For example, '사교육비 때문에 가계 경제가 멍들고 있다' (Household finances are being bruised by private education costs). This level of usage requires you to understand that '멍들다' implies internal, non-bleeding damage that weakens a system or a person's spirit. You should also be familiar with the formal alternative '타박상' (contusion) and be able to switch between them depending on the setting (colloquial vs. professional). You can use '멍들다' to add descriptive flair to your writing, using it to personify objects or institutions that are suffering from neglect or bad policy.

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At the C1 level, you should appreciate the literary and nuanced shades of '멍들다.' It is often used in poetry and high-level literature to describe the 'bruised' history of Korea or the collective trauma of a generation. You should understand how it differs from '상처' (wound) or '흉터' (scar)—'멍' is often hidden, internal, and fades over time, but it can also leave a lasting 'inner bruise' that never truly heals. You should be able to use it in sophisticated debates about social issues, perhaps discussing how certain cultural norms 'bruise' the individuality of young people. Your mastery should include knowing fixed expressions and being able to use the word to create evocative imagery in your speech and writing.

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At the C2 level, '멍들다' becomes a tool for philosophical and highly abstract expression. You can use it to discuss the 'bruised' state of human nature or the ethical 'bruising' of a society that has lost its way. You understand the etymological roots and how the verb '들다' (to enter/permeate) suggests that the pain has seeped deep into the subject. You can distinguish between the physical reality of a bruise and the myriad of ways it can represent systemic failure, historical grief, or existential pain. At this level, you can also play with the word in creative writing, using it in unexpected ways to describe landscapes, colors, or complex psychological states, showing a native-like grasp of its evocative power.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

멍들다 30秒で

Physical bruising on skin.
Damage to fruit/vegetables.
Deep emotional or psychological pain.
Societal or economic damage.

The Korean verb 멍들다 is a compound word formed from the noun 멍 (bruise) and the verb 들다 (to enter, to form, or to take hold). At its most basic level, it describes the physiological process where capillaries under the skin break due to impact, resulting in the discoloration we call a bruise. However, in the Korean language, the scope of 멍들다 extends far beyond the physical realm, often touching upon deep emotional trauma and societal damage.

Physical Manifestation: When you bump your leg against a table or fall while playing sports, the resulting purple or blue mark is described as 멍이 들었다. It is an intransitive verb, meaning the subject is usually the body part or the bruise itself.

넘어져서 무릎에 멍들다. (I fell and got a bruise on my knee.)

In a medical or daily context, Koreans use this word to track the healing process. A bruise that is 'fresh' is often described as 'blue' (파랗게 멍들다), while one that is healing might be 'yellowish' (누렇게 멍이 빠지다). It is a vital word for describing minor injuries that don't necessarily involve open wounds or bleeding (피가 나다).

Emotional Resonance: Metaphorically, 멍들다 is used to describe a heart or soul that has been deeply hurt by betrayal, grief, or hardship. This is often paired with the word 가슴 (chest/heart) to form the expression 가슴에 멍이 들다.

Culturally, this word connects to the Korean concept of Han (한), a collective feeling of oppression and unavenged injustice. When a community or a nation suffers, writers often describe the 'bruised history' or 'bruised hearts' of the people. It implies a lingering pain that doesn't go away quickly, much like a physical bruise needs time to fade.

그의 모진 말에 내 가슴은 멍들다. (My heart was bruised by his harsh words.)

Abstract Social Usage: You will also see this in news headlines regarding the economy or society. If a policy hurts small business owners, the media might say 'The livelihoods of the people are bruised' (서민 경제가 멍들고 있다).

In summary, 멍들다 is a versatile verb that bridges the gap between physical injury and emotional suffering. Whether you are talking about a sports injury or a heartbreak, this word captures the essence of internal damage that manifests as a visible or invisible mark of pain.

Understanding the syntax of 멍들다 is crucial because it is an intransitive verb. This means it does not take a direct object with the particles -을/를. Instead, the person or the body part that receives the bruise is usually the subject or is marked with a locative particle.

The 'Subject' Pattern: The most common way to say 'I have a bruise' is 멍이 들다. Here, 멍 (bruise) is the subject. You can specify the location using -에.

팔에 멍이 들었어요. (A bruise formed on my arm / I got a bruise on my arm.)

When you want to emphasize the state of being bruised, you use the past tense 멍들었다. In Korean, the past tense often functions like an adjective describing a current state (like 'is bruised' in English).

Describing Intensity: To describe how bad the bruise is, Koreans use adverbs like 새파랗게 (deep blue/vividly) or 심하게 (severely).

눈 주위가 새파랗게 멍들었다. (The area around the eye turned deep blue with a bruise.)

In metaphorical contexts, the structure remains similar. 가슴에 멍들다 is the standard phrase for emotional pain. If you want to say someone 'bruised' your heart (causative), you would use 멍들게 하다 (to make someone/something bruise).

Causative Usage: Since 멍들다 is intransitive, you cannot 'bruise something' directly. You must use the -게 하다 construction or the noun form 멍을 들게 하다.

너의 행동이 부모님 마음을 멍들게 했다. (Your actions bruised your parents' hearts.)

When talking about fruit or vegetables, 멍들다 is also used. A bruised apple is 멍든 사과. This is very common in grocery shopping or cooking contexts.

The 'Passive' Feeling: Even though it's technically an active verb (to form a bruise), it functions semantically as a passive experience. It's something that 'happens' to you rather than something you 'do.'

Mastering the nuance between the physical '멍이 들다' and the metaphorical '마음이 멍들다' will allow you to express a wide range of human experiences, from a simple trip on the sidewalk to the complexities of a broken relationship.

If you live in Korea or consume Korean media, you will encounter 멍들다 in four primary environments: the household, the sports field, the doctor's office, and the world of K-Dramas.

1. Daily Life and Parenting: Parents often use this word when checking on their children. '어디서 멍들어 왔니?' (Where did you get that bruise?) is a common question after a child comes home from playing. It's also used when checking groceries: '사과가 다 멍들었네.' (The apples are all bruised.)

부딪힌 데 멍들지 않게 조심해. (Be careful not to get a bruise where you bumped yourself.)

In a pharmacy (약국), you might ask for '멍 빼는 약' (medicine to remove bruises). This is a very common request, and the pharmacist will understand exactly what you need.

2. Sports and Physical Activity: Athletes use 멍들다 constantly. In Taekwondo, soccer, or even just gym workouts, bruises are seen as a sign of hard work or a minor mishap. You'll hear teammates asking each other, '멍든 거 아니야?' (Isn't that bruised?).

3. K-Dramas and Lyrics: This is where the metaphorical usage shines. In a dramatic breakup scene, a character might say, '내 가슴에 멍든 거 안 보여?' (Can't you see the bruise on my heart?). K-Pop lyrics also use this to describe the pain of unrequited love or the struggles of youth.

사랑 때문에 멍든 가슴을 안고... (Holding a heart bruised by love...)

The word adds a layer of 'silent suffering.' It's not a loud, bleeding wound; it's a quiet, internal ache that stays with the character for a long time.

4. News and Social Commentary: News anchors often use 멍들다 to describe damage to the environment or the economy. For example, '산불로 멍든 산하' (The mountains and rivers bruised by forest fires) or '고물가에 멍드는 서민들' (The common people being bruised by high prices).

By paying attention to these contexts, you'll see that 멍들다 is a word that connects physical sensation with deep social and emotional meaning in everyday Korean life.

For English speakers learning Korean, 멍들다 presents a few tricky areas, mostly related to its grammar and its distinction from other 'injury' words.

Mistake 1: Using it as a Transitive Verb: In English, 'to bruise' can be transitive (e.g., 'I bruised my arm'). In Korean, you cannot say 나는 내 팔을 멍들었다. Instead, you must say 내 팔에 멍이 들었다 (A bruise formed on my arm).

Wrong: 팔을 멍들다 (X)
Right: 팔에 멍이 들다 (O)

This is a common error because English speakers are used to being the 'doer' of the action. In Korean, the 'bruise' is the subject that 'enters' or 'occurs.'

Mistake 2: Confusing '멍들다' with '다치다': 다치다 is a general word for 'to get hurt.' While all bruises are injuries, not all injuries are bruises. If you have a cut or a broken bone, 멍들다 is too specific and incorrect.

Mistake 3: Misusing the Tense: If you see a bruise on someone now, you should use the past tense 멍들었다 or the noun-modifying form 멍든. Using the present tense 멍든다 sounds like the bruise is appearing right before your eyes at this very second.

너 눈이 멍들었어! (Your eye is bruised! - Correct state)
너 눈이 멍든다! (Your eye is [currently] bruising! - Rare/Odd)

Furthermore, beginners often forget that 멍들다 is a verb, not an adjective. You cannot say 멍들한 팔. You must say 멍든 팔 (the arm that has become bruised).

Mistake 4: Overusing it for 'Emotional Pain': While metaphorical use is common, 멍들다 implies a deep, lasting hurt. For minor annoyance or slight sadness, use 서운하다 or 슬프다. Using 멍들다 for a small disagreement makes you sound overly dramatic.

By avoiding these common pitfalls—especially the transitive verb error—you will sound much more natural and precise in your Korean communication.

While 멍들다 is the most common way to talk about bruising, there are several related terms and alternatives that offer different nuances or levels of formality.

타박상을 입다 (To receive a contusion): This is the medical and formal version of 'getting a bruise.' You will see this in hospital records or news reports. 타박상 (contusion) + 입다 (to receive/suffer).

환자는 전신에 타박상을 입었습니다. (The patient suffered contusions all over their body.)

Comparison: 멍들다 is colloquial; 타박상을 입다 is professional.

상처(가) 나다 (To get a wound/scar): This is a broader term. While a bruise is a type of 상처 (wound), 상처 나다 usually implies something more visible, like a scrape or a cut. It is also used metaphorically for emotional hurt (마음에 상처를 입다).

붓다 (To swell): Bruises often come with swelling. If the primary issue is the puffiness rather than the color, use 붓다. You might say, '멍들고 부었어' (It's bruised and swollen).

발목이 퉁퉁 부었어요. (My ankle is swollen up thick.)

Another interesting alternative is 욱신거리다, which describes the throbbing pain that often accompanies a bruise. It's an onomatopoeic verb that captures the physical sensation.

Comparison Table

멍들다: Focus on discoloration (blue/purple mark).
다치다: General term for any injury.
까이다: Slang/Colloquial for getting a scrape or being hit (often used by kids).
해어지다: Used for things like clothes or hearts being worn out/torn (very literary).

Choosing the right word depends on whether you want to emphasize the color (멍들다), the event (다치다), the medical condition (타박상), or the physical sensation (욱신거리다).

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The verb '들다' is used in many Korean compound verbs to mean a state or quality has 'entered' something, such as '잠들다' (sleep enters = to fall asleep) or '병들다' (illness enters = to get sick).

発音ガイド

UK mʌŋ.dɯl.da

US mʌŋ.dʊl.dɑ

The stress is generally even, but the first syllable '멍' is slightly emphasized as it carries the core meaning.

韻が合う語

힘들다 (him-deul-da) 잠들다 (jam-deul-da) 병들다 (byeong-deul-da) 물들다 (mul-deul-da) 길들다 (gil-deul-da) 멍들다 (meong-deul-da) 정들다 (jeong-deul-da) 깃들다 (git-deul-da)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'eo' (ㅓ) like 'o' (ㅗ).
Making the 'l' (ㄹ) too strong like an English 'L' at the end of a word.

難易度

読解 3/5

The word is easy to recognize, but metaphorical meanings in literature can be complex.

ライティング 4/5

Requires understanding of intransitive verb structures and particles (-에 vs -이).

スピーキング 3/5

Common in daily life; pronunciation is straightforward.

リスニング 3/5

Easily heard in dramas and daily conversations.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

다치다 아프다 피부 가슴 들다

次に学ぶ

타박상 상처 치유하다 흉터 어혈

上級

한(恨) 정서적 학대 내면의 상처

知っておくべき文法

Intransitive Verbs (자동사)

멍이 들다 (The bruise forms) - No object marker -을/를.

Causative Construction (-게 하다)

마음을 멍들게 하다 (To make the heart bruise).

Resultative State (-어 있다)

멍들어 있다 (To be in a bruised state).

Adverbializer (-게)

새파랗게 멍들다 (To bruise blue-ly).

Noun Modifying Form (-(으)ㄴ)

멍든 무릎 (Bruised knee).

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レベル別の例文

무릎에 멍들었어요.

I got a bruise on my knee.

Uses the past tense '-었어요' to describe a completed action/state.

팔이 멍들었어?

Is your arm bruised?

Informal question ending '-어?'.

넘어져서 멍이 들었어요.

I fell and got a bruise.

'-어서' shows the reason for the bruise.

어디에 멍들었어요?

Where did you get a bruise?

'어디에' asks for the location.

멍이 조금 들었어요.

I got a small bruise.

'조금' acts as an adverb for intensity.

여기에 멍들었어.

I got a bruise here.

'여기에' indicates the specific spot.

아이가 멍들었어요.

The child got a bruise.

Subject '아이가' with the verb.

공에 맞아서 멍들었어요.

I got a bruise from being hit by a ball.

'맞아서' explains the cause.

사과가 다 멍들었네요.

The apples are all bruised.

'-네' expresses a new discovery or realization.

멍이 파랗게 들었어요.

The bruise turned blue.

'파랗게' (adverb) describes how it bruised.

부딪힌 곳이 멍들었어요.

The place I bumped is bruised.

'부딪힌 곳' (the place that was bumped) as the subject.

멍든 데에 약을 발라요.

Apply medicine to the bruised area.

'멍든' is the adjective form modifying '데' (place).

복숭아가 멍들지 않게 조심하세요.

Be careful not to bruise the peaches.

'-지 않게' means 'so that it doesn't...'.

어제보다 멍이 더 심해졌어요.

The bruise got worse than yesterday.

'-아/어지다' shows a change in state.

멍들어서 아파요.

It hurts because it's bruised.

'-어서' connects the cause and the feeling.

다리에 멍이 잘 들어요.

I get bruises on my legs easily.

'잘' indicates frequency or tendency.

그의 말에 가슴이 멍들었다.

My heart was bruised by his words.

Metaphorical usage for emotional pain.

멍든 가슴을 달래고 있어요.

I am comforting my bruised heart.

'달래다' (to comfort) used with '멍든 가슴'.

부모님 마음을 멍들게 하지 마세요.

Don't bruise your parents' hearts.

'-게 하다' is the causative form.

상처는 나았지만 아직 멍이 남아 있어요.

The wound has healed, but the bruise still remains.

'남아 있다' describes a remaining state.

심하게 멍들어서 걷기가 힘들어요.

It's so badly bruised that it's hard to walk.

'심하게' (severely) increases intensity.

멍이 노랗게 빠지기 시작했어요.

The bruise has started to fade to yellow.

'빠지다' means the bruise is going away.

그 영화는 내 마음에 멍을 남겼다.

That movie left a bruise on my heart.

'멍을 남기다' (to leave a bruise) as a metaphor.

운동하다가 팔이 새파랗게 멍들었어요.

I got a deep blue bruise on my arm while exercising.

'새파랗게' emphasizes the vivid color.

잘못된 정책으로 서민 경제가 멍들고 있다.

The common people's economy is being bruised by wrong policies.

Societal/Economic metaphorical usage.

환경 오염으로 지구가 멍들어 가고 있습니다.

The Earth is becoming bruised due to environmental pollution.

'-어 가다' shows a continuing process.

그녀의 영혼은 오랜 고통으로 멍들어 있었다.

Her soul was bruised from long-standing suffering.

Abstract usage for the 'soul'.

멍든 사과는 잼을 만드는 데 사용하세요.

Use the bruised apples to make jam.

Practical usage in cooking/instructions.

입시 경쟁 속에서 아이들의 동심이 멍들고 있다.

Children's innocence is being bruised in the competition for entrance exams.

'동심' (childlike innocence) as the subject.

폭력적인 언어는 아이의 정서에 멍을 들게 합니다.

Violent language causes bruises in a child's emotions.

'정서' (emotions/sentiment) as the location.

오랜 가뭄으로 대지가 멍들었다.

The earth was bruised by the long drought.

Personification of '대지' (the earth/ground).

기업의 비리로 인해 브랜드 이미지가 멍들었다.

The brand image was bruised due to corporate corruption.

Business context for 'image'.

역사의 소용돌이 속에서 민족의 가슴은 멍들었다.

In the whirlpool of history, the heart of the nation was bruised.

Literary/Nationalistic metaphor.

시인은 멍든 노을을 바라보며 시를 썼다.

The poet wrote a poem while looking at the bruised sunset.

Artistic use of '멍든' to describe color.

가난은 소년의 꿈을 시퍼렇게 멍들게 했다.

Poverty bruised the boy's dreams deep blue.

'시퍼렇게' adds a more intense, cold feeling.

그의 침묵은 멍든 그리움을 자극했다.

His silence stimulated a bruised longing.

Abstract psychological usage.

전쟁의 상흔은 여전히 사람들의 기억 속에 멍들어 있다.

The scars of war remain bruised in people's memories.

Describing a state that persists over time.

배신감에 멍든 마음은 쉽게 치유되지 않는다.

A heart bruised by betrayal is not easily healed.

Focus on the difficulty of recovery.

도시의 소음으로 자연의 평화가 멍들고 있다.

The peace of nature is being bruised by city noise.

Environmental personification.

그녀의 눈빛에는 멍든 세월의 흔적이 역력했다.

The traces of bruised years were evident in her eyes.

'세월' (time/years) as the subject of bruising.

존재의 근원이 멍드는 고통 속에서도 그는 웃었다.

He laughed even amidst the pain that bruised the very source of his existence.

Existential/Philosophical depth.

이념의 갈등으로 멍든 사회를 치유하는 것이 급선무다.

Healing a society bruised by ideological conflict is the top priority.

Political/Sociological analysis.

인간의 탐욕이 멍들게 한 생태계의 비명.

The scream of an ecosystem bruised by human greed.

Poetic personification of the ecosystem.

부조리한 현실에 멍든 정의를 다시 세워야 한다.

We must re-establish justice bruised by an absurd reality.

Legal/Ethical context.

그 소설은 멍든 현대인의 소외감을 탁월하게 묘사했다.

The novel excellently depicted the bruised alienation of modern people.

Literary criticism context.

시간의 흐름 속에 멍든 기억들은 퇴색되어 갔다.

The memories bruised in the flow of time faded away.

Temporal metaphor.

권력의 횡포에 멍든 민초들의 삶.

The lives of the common people bruised by the tyranny of power.

Historical/Political terminology ('민초').

고독이라는 멍은 보이지 않기에 더욱 아프다.

The bruise called loneliness is more painful because it is invisible.

Treating '멍' as a metaphor for a condition.

よく使う組み合わせ

새파랗게 멍들다

가슴에 멍들다

심하게 멍들다

멍이 빠지다

멍이 들기 쉽다

사과가 멍들다

멍이 남다

시퍼렇게 멍들다

멍을 지우다

속으로 멍들다

よく使うフレーズ

멍든 가슴

— A heart that has been deeply hurt.

멍든 가슴을 안고 고향으로 돌아왔다.

멍 빼는 약

— Medicine or ointment to treat bruises.

약국에서 멍 빼는 약 좀 사다 줘.

눈에 멍이 들다

— To get a black eye.

싸움을 하다가 눈에 멍이 들었다.

멍든 자국

— A bruise mark.

팔에 멍든 자국이 선명하다.

멍이 가시다

— For a bruise to fade away.

이제야 멍이 좀 가시는 것 같다.

피멍이 들다

— To get a severe, blood-red bruise.

문에 손이 끼어서 피멍이 들었다.

멍이 번지다

— For a bruise to spread.

시간이 지나니 멍이 옆으로 번졌다.

멍이 오르다

— For a bruise to surface/show up.

부딪힌 직후보다 다음 날 멍이 더 올랐다.

멍투성이

— Covered in bruises.

넘어져서 온몸이 멍투성이가 되었다.

멍들 대로 멍들다

— To be bruised to the point of no return (usually metaphorical).

우리 관계는 이미 멍들 대로 멍들었다.

よく混同される語

멍들다 vs 다치다

'다치다' is general (to get hurt), '멍들다' is specific (to bruise).

멍들다 vs 붓다

'붓다' is to swell. Often happen together, but they are different processes.

멍들다 vs 상처

'상처' is a wound or scar. '멍' is specifically a bruise.

慣用句と表現

"가슴에 멍이 들다"

— To be deeply hurt or traumatized emotionally.

자식의 불효에 부모님 가슴에 멍이 들었다.

Common

"눈에 피멍이 들다"

— To be extremely determined or angry (literally: eyes turning red/bruised).

그는 눈에 피멍이 들 정도로 열심히 공부했다.

Metaphorical

"사과가 멍들 듯이"

— To describe someone getting easily hurt or fragile.

그녀는 사과가 멍들 듯이 마음이 약하다.

Poetic

"멍든 가슴에 대못을 박다"

— To hurt someone who is already suffering even more.

가슴에 멍든 사람에게 그런 말은 대못을 박는 일이다.

Common

"속이 멍들다"

— To suffer internally while appearing fine.

겉은 멀쩡해 보여도 속은 멍들 대로 멍들었다.

Common

"멍든 달빛"

— A poetic way to describe a faint, sad-looking moon.

멍든 달빛 아래서 그녀를 기다렸다.

Literary

"하늘이 멍들다"

— To describe a dark, stormy, or purplish evening sky.

노을이 지며 하늘이 멍든 것처럼 보였다.

Literary

"멍든 세월"

— A life full of hardships.

할머니의 손등에는 멍든 세월이 묻어 있었다.

Literary

"멍든 자리를 어루만지다"

— To comfort someone's pain.

그는 나의 멍든 자리를 따뜻하게 어루만져 주었다.

Common

"멍든 돈"

— Money earned through great hardship or sacrifice.

이건 내 피땀과 멍든 사연이 담긴 돈이다.

Metaphorical

間違えやすい

멍들다 vs 멍하다

Sounds similar to '멍들다'.

'멍하다' means to be blank-minded or dazed, while '멍들다' is to bruise.

정신이 멍하다 (My mind is blank).

멍들다 vs 물들다

Both end in '들다'.

'물들다' means to be dyed or influenced, '멍들다' is to be bruised.

단풍이 빨갛게 물들었다 (The leaves turned red).

멍들다 vs 정들다

Both end in '들다'.

'정들다' means to become fond of someone, '멍들다' is to be bruised.

그 친구와 정들었다 (I became fond of that friend).

멍들다 vs 잠들다

Both end in '들다'.

'잠들다' means to fall asleep.

아기가 잠들었다 (The baby fell asleep).

멍들다 vs 철들다

Both end in '들다'.

'철들다' means to become mature.

동생이 이제 철들었네 (My brother has become mature now).

文型パターン

[Body Part]에 멍들었어요.

다리에 멍들었어요.

[Noun]이/가 멍들다.

사과가 멍들었다.

[Adverb] 멍들다.

심하게 멍들었다.

가슴에 멍이 들다.

슬픈 소식에 가슴에 멍이 들었다.

[Noun]을/를 멍들게 하다.

아이의 마음을 멍들게 했다.

[Abstract Noun]이/가 멍들고 있다.

경제가 멍들고 있다.

멍든 [Noun].

멍든 노을이 아름답다.

[Noun]에 멍든 [Noun].

세월에 멍든 기억.

語族

名詞

멍 (bruise)

피멍 (blood bruise/severe bruise)

타박상 (contusion)

動詞

멍들게 하다 (to cause to bruise)

멍들다 (to develop a bruise)

形容詞

멍든 (bruised - past participle form)

使い方

frequency

Very common in daily life and media.

よくある間違い

나는 팔을 멍들었다. → 내 팔에 멍이 들었다.
'멍들다' is intransitive; you can't 'bruise' an object directly in Korean.
멍들한 사과 → 멍든 사과
'멍들다' is a verb, so it uses the '-(으)ㄴ' modifier, not '-한'.
마음이 멍들어요 (for a small joke) → 속상해요 / 서운해요
'멍들다' is too heavy for minor emotional slights.
멍이 들다 (for a cut with blood) → 상처가 나다 / 피가 나다
'멍들다' only refers to internal bleeding under the skin (bruises).
멍이 들었어요 (for a swollen ankle without color) → 발목이 부었어요
If there's no discoloration, '붓다' (to swell) is more accurate.

ヒント

Watch the Particle

Always use '-에' for the location of the bruise and '-이/가' for the bruise itself. '무릎에 멍이 들다'.

Bruised Fruit

Use '멍들다' for soft fruits like apples and peaches. It helps you sound like a native shopper.

The Egg Myth

Knowing about rubbing a bruise with an egg will help you understand many K-drama scenes.

Metaphorical Depth

Use '가슴에 멍들다' when you want to express deep, lingering sorrow in your writing.

The 'EO' Sound

Make sure '멍' (meong) doesn't sound like '몽' (mong). Keep your mouth more open.

멍 빼는 약

Remember this phrase for the pharmacy. It's very useful for travelers who trip often!

Social Bruising

When you hear '멍들다' on the news, look for the 'victim'—usually the economy or the environment.

Blue or Black?

English says 'black and blue,' Korean emphasizes 'blue' (파랗다/시퍼렇다).

State vs Action

'멍들었다' (past) describes the bruise you see now. '멍든다' (present) is the act of it appearing.

Wallet Bruising

You can humorously say your '통장' (bank account) is '멍들었다' when you spend too much.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Meong' (멍) as the sound a 'Mung' bean makes when it hits the floor—it leaves a little dark spot. 'Deul-da' (들다) is like 'Dull' pain that 'enters' your body.

視覚的連想

Imagine a purple 'M' shaped bruise on your arm. The 'M' stands for 'Meong'.

Word Web

Skin Purple Pain Heartbreak Fall Fruit Medicine Healing

チャレンジ

Try to find three things in your house that could '멍들다' (e.g., an old banana, your knee, a sad character in a book) and write a sentence for each.

語源

A compound of '멍' (noun: bruise) and '들다' (verb: to enter/form).

元の意味： For a bruise to enter or take residence in the body.

Koreanic (Native Korean)

文化的な背景

Be careful when using '멍들다' in a medical context; if the injury is serious, use '타박상' or '부상' to ensure clarity.

English speakers use 'bruise' both physically and emotionally, but Korean uses '멍들다' more frequently in dramatic or poetic contexts.

The song 'Bruise' (멍) by Kim Hyun-jung (a famous 90s K-pop hit). Various K-Dramas where 'heart bruising' is a central theme of suffering.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

At the Hospital/Pharmacy

멍 빼는 연고 주세요.
멍이 언제쯤 빠질까요?
타박상이 심합니다.
여기에 멍이 들었어요.

Grocery Shopping

사과가 다 멍들었잖아요.
멍든 과일은 할인해 주세요.
배송 중에 멍이 들었나 봐요.
이 복숭아는 멍이 없네요.

Sports Practice

축구하다가 다리에 멍들었어.
보호대 안 하면 멍들어.
멍든 데가 욱신거려.
파랗게 멍이 올라왔네.

Relationship Talk

너 때문에 내 가슴에 멍들었어.
우리 관계는 이미 멍들었어.
상처받고 멍든 마음.
마음을 멍들게 하는 말.

News/Society

서민 경제가 멍들고 있습니다.
학교 폭력으로 멍든 아이들.
환경 오염으로 멍든 강산.
정치적 갈등에 멍든 민심.

会話のきっかけ

"팔에 멍들었는데 무슨 일 있었어요?"

"멍 빨리 빼는 방법 알아요?"

"가슴에 멍든 적이 있나요?"

"과일 살 때 멍든 거 잘 확인해요?"

"어릴 때 멍투성이로 놀았던 기억 나요?"

日記のテーマ

오늘 하루 중 내 마음을 조금이라도 멍들게 한 일이 있었나요?

최근에 몸에 멍이 든 적이 있다면 그 이유는 무엇인가요?

'멍든 사과'를 보고 느낀 점을 서술해 보세요.

누군가의 마음을 멍들게 했던 기억이 있나요? 어떻게 사과했나요?

한국의 '멍 빼는 달걀' 문화에 대해 어떻게 생각하나요?

よくある質問

10 問

No, you cannot use '멍들다' transitively. You must say 'My arm got bruised' (팔에 멍이 들었다). If you want to say you caused it, you say '팔을 멍들게 했다'.

Yes, '멍' is the noun for 'bruise'. '멍들다' is the verb 'to bruise'.

You use the verb '빠지다' (to come out/fade). Example: '멍이 빠지고 있어요'.

Koreans usually describe a fresh bruise as '파란색' (blue) or '새파랗다' (vividly blue/purple).

No, for clothes that are worn out, use '해어지다' or '낡다'.

It sounds a bit dramatic. Use it for significant emotional pain.

'피멍들다' is a more severe bruise where blood seems to have pooled more intensely (a 'blood bruise').

Metaphorically, maybe in a poem, but usually, you'd just say '깨졌다' (broken/cracked).

Usually yes, but it can also be from a deliberate hit. The word itself just describes the result.

Textbooks prefer '타박상' (contusion), but doctors will use '멍' when talking to patients.

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