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韓国語
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한정적이다

B1 adjective #5,000 よく出る 13分で読める

한정적이다

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한정적이다 30秒で

Describes something with boundaries in size, amount, or extent.
Means limited, restricted, or finite.
Used for budgets, time, resources, and scope.
Implies constraints that require careful planning.

Core Meaning: The Korean adjective '한정적이다' (hanjeongjeogida) translates directly to 'to be limited,' 'restricted,' or 'finite.' It describes something that has boundaries or constraints in its scope, quantity, extent, or availability. It implies that something is not boundless or infinite, and its nature or circumstances impose limitations.
Usage Contexts: This word is frequently used in various contexts to describe limitations. For instance, it can refer to a limited budget ('한정적인 예산'), a restricted time frame ('한정적인 시간'), a specific or narrow scope ('한정적인 범위'), or a finite resource ('한정적인 자원'). In academic or technical discussions, it might describe a limited sample size in research or a restricted field of study. In everyday conversation, it can be used to explain why something cannot be done on a larger scale or for an indefinite period. The concept of '한정적이다' is crucial for understanding constraints and planning within those boundaries.
Nuance and Implication: The implication of '한정적이다' is that decisions or actions must be made considering these limitations. It's not inherently negative, but it highlights the reality of constraints. For example, a company might have a '한정적인 마케팅 예산' (limited marketing budget), which means they need to be strategic about their advertising. Similarly, a scientist might state that their findings are based on a '한정적인 실험 데이터' (limited experimental data), suggesting that further research with a larger dataset would be beneficial. Understanding this word helps in grasping the practical realities of situations where resources, time, or scope are not unlimited.

우리의 지원은 한정적이다.

Scope and Application: The concept of being limited applies to many aspects of life and work. In business, it can refer to market share, production capacity, or available personnel. In personal life, it could be about financial resources, free time, or even the scope of one's knowledge. When something is described as '한정적이다', it signals that one needs to be mindful of these constraints and plan accordingly. For example, if a concert has '한정적인 좌석' (limited seating), attendees must purchase tickets early. This adjective helps in setting realistic expectations and making informed decisions within given parameters.
Illustrative Scenarios: Consider a student preparing for an exam. If they have '한정적인 공부 시간' (limited study time), they must prioritize which topics to focus on. Similarly, a government might implement policies with '한정적인 효과' (limited effect) due to budgetary constraints or the complexity of the issue. In technology, a device might have '한정적인 배터리 수명' (limited battery life), requiring users to manage their usage. The word '한정적이다' is a fundamental concept for understanding practical limitations in any system or situation.
Related Concepts: '한정적이다' is closely related to concepts like scarcity, finiteness, and boundaries. It contrasts with ideas of abundance, infinity, or limitlessness. When you hear '한정적이다', think about what is being limited and why. This understanding helps in interpreting the statement's full meaning and its implications for further action or analysis. It's a word that encourages practical thinking and careful planning in the face of constraints.

Basic Sentence Structure: The most common way to use '한정적이다' is by attaching it to a noun phrase that describes what is limited. The basic structure is: [Noun Phrase] + 은/는 + 한정적이다. For example: '이 지역의 자원은 한정적이다.' (The resources in this region are limited.) Here, '자원' (resources) is the noun phrase, and '은' is the topic marker. The sentence directly states the limited nature of the resources.
Explaining the Reason for Limitation: To provide more context, you can explain *why* something is limited. This is often done using the particle '때문에' (ttaemune - because of) or '으로 인해' (euro inhae - due to). Example: '예산이 부족하기 때문에 우리의 활동 범위는 한정적이다.' (Because the budget is insufficient, our scope of activities is limited.) In this sentence, '예산이 부족하기 때문에' explains the reason for the limited scope of activities.
Using it with Modifiers: You can modify the degree of limitation. For instance, '매우 한정적이다' (very limited) or '다소 한정적이다' (somewhat limited). Example: '이 정보는 매우 한정적이어서 더 많은 조사가 필요합니다.' (This information is very limited, so more investigation is needed.) Using adverbs like '매우' (very), '상당히' (considerably), or '다소' (somewhat) adds nuance to the statement.
In Past Tense: When referring to a past situation, you would use the past tense form '한정적이었다' (hanjeongjeogieotda). Example: '과거에는 그 기술의 적용 범위가 매우 한정적이었다.' (In the past, the application range of that technology was very limited.) This allows you to describe historical limitations.

이번 프로젝트의 예산은 한정적이다.

Describing Future Possibilities: You can also use '한정적이다' to describe future possibilities or plans that are constrained. For example: '다음 분기에는 신규 채용이 한정적일 것으로 예상됩니다.' (New hires are expected to be limited in the next quarter.) This indicates a projected limitation.
As a Predicate Adjective: '한정적이다' functions as a predicate adjective, meaning it describes the subject of the sentence. It does not typically take an object. The sentence structure focuses on the characteristic of the subject being limited. For example, '그의 지식은 한정적이다.' (His knowledge is limited.)
Connecting Clauses: You can connect clauses where the limitation is a premise for something else. For instance, using '-기 때문에' (gi ttaemune - because) or '-어서/아서' (eoseo/aseo - so/because). Example: '시간이 한정적이어서 모든 것을 다 할 수는 없었습니다.' (Because time was limited, we couldn't do everything.)
Formal vs. Informal: The base form '한정적이다' is generally neutral and can be used in most situations. For more formal contexts, you might see it in written reports or academic papers. In very informal speech, while still understood, speakers might opt for slightly more colloquial phrasing if available, though '한정적이다' is widely acceptable across registers.

Business and Economics: In the corporate world, '한정적이다' is a very common adjective. You'll hear it in discussions about budgets ('한정적인 예산'), resources ('한정적인 자원'), market share ('한정적인 시장 점유율'), and production capacity ('한정적인 생산 능력'). For instance, a manager might explain why a new initiative cannot be fully funded by saying, '신규 사업에 투입할 수 있는 예산이 한정적입니다.' (The budget we can allocate to new projects is limited.) Economists also use it to describe finite resources or market limitations.
Academic and Research Settings: In universities and research institutions, '한정적이다' is frequently used when discussing study limitations. Researchers might state that their findings are based on '한정적인 연구 대상' (a limited study group) or '한정적인 데이터' (limited data), indicating that their conclusions may not be universally applicable. For example, a paper might include a section stating, '본 연구의 표본 크기가 한정적이어서 일반화에는 신중해야 합니다.' (Since the sample size of this study is limited, we must be cautious about generalization.)
News and Public Discourse: News reports often use '한정적이다' to describe situations where availability or scope is restricted. This could be about limited vaccine supplies ('한정적인 백신 공급'), restricted access to certain areas ('한정적인 접근'), or a limited timeframe for a government program ('한정적인 사업 기간'). A news anchor might report, '기상 악화로 인해 항공편 운항이 한정적일 것으로 예상됩니다.' (Due to worsening weather, flight operations are expected to be limited.)
Everyday Conversations: In daily life, people use '한정적이다' to explain constraints. If you ask for something that isn't readily available, someone might say, '죄송합니다만, 저희가 보유한 재고가 한정적입니다.' (I'm sorry, but our inventory is limited.) Or, when discussing plans, '주말에 시간이 한정적이어서 집에서 쉬려고 합니다.' (My time on the weekend is limited, so I plan to rest at home.) It's a practical word for explaining why certain things are not possible or are done on a small scale.

이 지역의 개발은 한정적이다.

Technology and Product Descriptions: In tech reviews or product manuals, you might see '한정적이다' used to describe features or capabilities. For example, a phone's storage might be described as '한정적인 저장 공간' (limited storage space), or a software's functionality might be '한정적인 기능' (limited functions) in its basic version. This helps users understand what to expect from a product.
Legal and Contractual Language: In legal documents or contracts, precision is key, and '한정적이다' is used to define specific boundaries. For example, a contract might state that '본 계약의 효력 범위는 한정적이다' (The scope of effect of this contract is limited), clearly outlining what is and is not covered.
Personal Planning and Goals: When people talk about their personal goals or plans, they often acknowledge limitations. '내년 목표는 한정적이다' (My goals for next year are limited) might be said if someone is focusing on a few key areas due to time or energy constraints. It's a way of being realistic about what can be achieved.
Art and Design: In artistic contexts, '한정적이다' can refer to deliberate creative choices. An artist might use a '한정적인 색상 팔레트' (limited color palette) as a stylistic element, or a writer might impose '한정적인 등장인물' (a limited cast of characters) to focus the narrative. This usage highlights how limitations can sometimes enhance creativity.

Confusing with '제한적이다' (Jehansjeogida): A common mistake is confusing '한정적이다' with '제한적이다' (jehansjeogida), which also means 'limited' or 'restricted.' While often interchangeable, '제한적이다' sometimes carries a stronger sense of being actively imposed upon or regulated by an external rule or law, whereas '한정적이다' can describe inherent limitations or boundaries. For instance, '통행이 제한적이다' (traffic is restricted) might imply a traffic law, while '자원이 한정적이다' (resources are limited) describes a natural scarcity. However, in many contexts, they are used synonymously, and learners should be aware of this overlap.
Overuse or Underuse: Learners might overuse '한정적이다' when a simpler or more specific adjective would suffice, or conversely, underuse it when it's the most appropriate term. For example, instead of saying '시간이 한정적이다' (time is limited), one might say '시간이 부족하다' (there is not enough time), which is also correct but less formal and specific about the nature of the constraint. Conversely, if a product has a very specific, small number of units available, saying '수량이 매우 한정적이다' (the quantity is very limited) is more precise than just saying '수량이 적다' (the quantity is small).
Incorrect Grammatical Endings: Like any adjective, '한정적이다' needs correct grammatical endings when used in sentences. A mistake could be using it without a proper verb ending or incorrectly conjugating it. For example, saying '그의 지원은 한정적' instead of '그의 지원은 한정적이다' (His support is limited) or '한정적일 것이다' (will be limited). Ensure it functions as a predicate adjective by attaching appropriate endings like '-이다', '-이었다', '-일 것이다', etc.
Misinterpreting the Scope of Limitation: Sometimes, learners might not fully grasp what aspect is being limited. If a sentence says '이 혜택은 한정적입니다,' it means the benefit itself is limited in scope, duration, or availability, not necessarily that the number of people who can receive it is limited (though that's a common interpretation). Understanding the context is crucial to correctly interpret what '한정적이다' refers to: the quantity, extent, duration, or nature of something.

이 정보는 한정적이다.

Using it as a Verb: '한정적이다' is an adjective, not a verb. A mistake would be to treat it as an action. For instance, saying '그는 예산을 한정한다' (He limits the budget) is incorrect. The correct way to express this would be '그는 예산을 한정적으로 사용한다' (He uses the budget limitedly/restrictively) or '그는 예산을 제한한다' (He limits the budget - using a verb meaning 'to limit').
Ignoring Contextual Nuances: While 'limited' is the core translation, the specific nuance can vary. For example, '한정적인 기회' (limited opportunity) implies scarcity, while '한정적인 범위' (limited scope) implies boundaries. Misinterpreting these nuances can lead to using the word in slightly inappropriate contexts. Always consider what kind of limitation is being described.
Incorrect Placement in a Sentence: As a predicate adjective, '한정적이다' typically comes at the end of the clause or sentence, describing the subject. Placing it elsewhere without proper grammatical structure can lead to errors. For example, '한정적이다 예산' is incorrect; it should be '예산이 한정적이다'.

제한적이다 (Jehansjeogida): This is the most common synonym for '한정적이다'. Both mean 'limited' or 'restricted.' '제한적이다' can sometimes imply a more active restriction imposed by rules or external forces, whereas '한정적이다' might refer to more inherent or natural limitations. However, they are often used interchangeably.
Example: '이 지역은 개발이 제한적이다.' (Development in this area is restricted.) vs. '이 지역의 자원은 한정적이다.' (The resources in this area are limited.)
한정되다 (Hanjeongdoeda): This is the passive verb form of '한정하다' (to limit). It means 'to be limited' or 'to become limited.' While '한정적이다' is an adjective describing the state of being limited, '한정되다' describes the process or state of being confined.
Example: '그의 활동은 회사 규정에 의해 한정되었다.' (His activities were limited by company regulations.) This is about the act of being limited, not just the state.
얼마 없다 (Eolma eopda): This phrase literally means 'there is not much' or 'there is little.' It's a more colloquial and direct way to express scarcity or limited quantity. It's less formal than '한정적이다' and usually refers to tangible quantities.
Example: '지금 남은 케이크가 얼마 없다.' (There is little cake left now.) This is simpler than saying '남은 케이크의 양이 한정적이다.' (The amount of cake left is limited.)
부족하다 (Bujokhada): This verb means 'to be insufficient' or 'to lack.' It focuses on the lack of something rather than the inherent limitation of its scope or quantity.
Example: '우리의 자금은 부족하다.' (Our funds are insufficient.) This highlights a deficit, whereas '우리의 자금은 한정적이다' (Our funds are limited) describes the nature of the funds themselves.

우리의 시간은 한정적이다.

한정된 (Hanjeongdoen): This is the past participle form of '한정되다', often used as a modifier before a noun. It means 'limited' or 'restricted.'
Example: '한정된 자원으로 프로젝트를 완료해야 한다.' (We must complete the project with limited resources.) This modifies '자원' (resources).
제한된 (Jehanedoen): Similar to '한정된', this is the past participle of '제한되다', meaning 'restricted' or 'limited.'
Example: '제한된 시간 안에 보고서를 작성했다.' (I wrote the report within the restricted time.)
단량적이다 (Dallyangjeogida): This adjective means 'quantitative' or 'limited in quantity.' It specifically refers to limitations in amount.
Example: '그의 경험은 단량적이다.' (His experience is quantitative/limited in quantity.) This is more specific than '한정적이다' which can refer to scope, time, etc., as well.
고정적이다 (Gojeongjeogida): This adjective means 'fixed' or 'static.' While something fixed is often limited in its variability, '고정적이다' emphasizes immutability rather than a boundary of scope or quantity.
Example: '그의 생각은 고정적이다.' (His thinking is fixed.) This implies a lack of flexibility, which can be a form of limitation.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The character '限' (han) appears in many words related to limits and restrictions, such as '한계' (hangye - limit, boundary) and '한정' (hanjeong - limitation). The character '定' (jeong) is found in words like '결정' (gyeoljeong - decision) and '안정' (anjeong - stability), both implying a fixed state.

発音ガイド

UK /hɑn.dʑʌŋ.dɛ.da/

US /hɑn.dʑʌŋ.dɛ.da/

The primary stress typically falls on the second syllable: 한정적이다 (han-JEONG-jeogida).

韻が合う語

적이다 (jeogida) 정적이다 (jeongjeogida) 특정이다 (teukjeongida) 정확이다 (jeonghwagida) 긍정이다 (geungjeongida) 부정이다 (bujeongida) 안정이다 (anjeongida) 방향이다 (banghyangida) 성능이다 (seongneungida) 결정이다 (gyeoljeongida)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing '정' (jeong) too softly.
Not clearly distinguishing the palatalized 'j' sound.
Incorrect vowel sounds in syllables.

難易度

読解 3/5

Understanding '한정적이다' in written texts requires grasping the context of what is being limited. Texts in business, academic, or news genres often use this word, making it moderately challenging for B1 learners to fully comprehend the implications without prior exposure.

ライティング 3/5

Using '한정적이다' correctly in writing involves accurate grammatical construction and appropriate contextual application. Learners might struggle with choosing the right nuance compared to synonyms or ensuring correct sentence structure.

スピーキング 3/5

Producing '한정적이다' spontaneously in speech requires confidence in its meaning and grammatical usage. Common errors might include incorrect conjugation or choosing it when a simpler word is more natural for informal conversation.

リスニング 3/5

Recognizing '한정적이다' in spoken Korean relies on clear pronunciation and contextual cues. While the pronunciation is relatively straightforward, understanding the specific limitation being discussed can be challenging depending on the speaker's speed and clarity.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

이다 (ida - to be) 있다 (itda - to exist, to have) 명사 (myeongsa - noun) 형용사 (hyeongyongsa - adjective) 시간 (sigan - time) 돈 (don - money) 자원 (jawon - resource)

次に学ぶ

제한적이다 (jehansjeogida - to be limited/restricted) 무한하다 (muhanhada - infinite) 부족하다 (bujokhada - to be insufficient) 결핍되다 (gyeolpipdoeda - to be deficient) 넉넉하다 (neokneokada - to be ample/plentiful)

上級

유한성 (yuhanseong - finiteness) 무한성 (muhanseong - infiniteness) 희소성 (huisoseong - scarcity) 자원 관리 (jawon gwalli - resource management) 전략적 사고 (jeollyakjeok sago - strategic thinking)

知っておくべき文法

Using Korean Adjectives as Predicates

'한정적이다' is a predicate adjective, meaning it describes the subject and typically comes at the end of a sentence. Example: '이것은 한정적이다.' (This is limited.)

Particles for Cause and Effect (-때문에, -어서/아서)

You can explain why something is limited. Example: '돈이 부족해서 우리의 활동은 한정적이다.' (Because money is insufficient, our activities are limited.)

Modifying Adjectives with Adverbs

Adverbs like '매우' (very) or '다소' (somewhat) can modify '한정적이다'. Example: '그의 지식은 매우 한정적이다.' (His knowledge is very limited.)

Using Past Participles as Modifiers (-ㄴ/은/는)

'한정된' (limited) can modify nouns. Example: '한정된 자원' (limited resources).

Contrast with Antonyms

Understanding opposites like '무한하다' (infinite) helps solidify the meaning of '한정적이다'. Example: '시간은 한정적이지만, 우주는 무한하다.' (Time is limited, but the universe is infinite.)

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レベル別の例文

이것은 한정된 수량입니다.

This is a limited quantity.

'한정된' is the adjective form modifying '수량' (quantity).

시간이 한정적이에요.

Time is limited.

'한정적이에요' is a polite informal ending.

돈이 한정적이에요.

Money is limited.

'돈' (money) is the subject.

이것은 한정된 공간이에요.

This is a limited space.

'공간' (space) is the noun being described.

자원이 한정적입니다.

Resources are limited.

'자원' (resources) is the subject, '한정적입니다' is the formal ending.

이것은 한정된 기회입니다.

This is a limited opportunity.

'기회' (opportunity) is the noun.

우리의 선택은 한정적이에요.

Our choices are limited.

'선택' (choices) is the subject.

이것은 한정된 제품이에요.

This is a limited product.

'제품' (product) is the noun.

이번 행사는 한정된 인원만 참석할 수 있습니다.

Only a limited number of people can attend this event.

'한정된 인원' (limited number of people) acts as a modifier.

제 건강 상태가 한정적이어서 오래 걷기 힘들어요.

My health condition is limited, so it's hard to walk for a long time.

'건강 상태' (health condition) is the subject.

이 정보는 매우 한정적이어서 더 많은 조사가 필요합니다.

This information is very limited, so more investigation is needed.

'매우' (very) modifies '한정적이다'.

그의 의견은 한정적이라고 생각해요.

I think his opinion is limited.

'의견' (opinion) is the subject.

예산이 한정적이어서 모든 것을 살 수는 없었어요.

Because the budget was limited, I couldn't buy everything.

'-이어서' connects the reason (limited budget) to the result.

그는 한정된 지식으로 문제를 풀려고 했다.

He tried to solve the problem with limited knowledge.

'한정된 지식' (limited knowledge) modifies '지식'.

우리의 여행 기간은 한정적입니다.

Our travel period is limited.

'여행 기간' (travel period) is the subject.

이 프로그램은 한정된 기능만 제공합니다.

This program offers only limited functions.

'한정된 기능' (limited functions) modifies '기능'.

그 회사의 마케팅 예산은 매우 한정적이어서 공격적인 광고는 어렵습니다.

The company's marketing budget is very limited, making aggressive advertising difficult.

'마케팅 예산' (marketing budget) is the subject; '매우' intensifies the limitation.

이 연구의 결과는 한정적인 표본 크기 때문에 일반화하기 어렵습니다.

The results of this study are difficult to generalize due to the limited sample size.

'표본 크기' (sample size) is the reason for limitation, connected by '때문에'.

새로운 기술의 적용 범위는 아직 한정적입니다.

The scope of application for the new technology is still limited.

'적용 범위' (scope of application) is the subject.

저는 시간이 한정적이어서 이 제안을 당장 받아들이기 어렵습니다.

As my time is limited, it's difficult for me to accept this proposal right away.

'시간이 한정적이어서' explains the reason for difficulty.

그는 한정된 정보에 의존하여 결정을 내렸습니다.

He made a decision relying on limited information.

'한정된 정보' (limited information) modifies '정보'.

이번 기회는 한정적이며, 곧 사라질 것입니다.

This opportunity is limited and will soon disappear.

The sentence emphasizes the transient nature of the limitation.

우리의 현재 기술력으로는 한정적인 성과밖에 기대할 수 없습니다.

With our current technological capabilities, we can only expect limited results.

'한정적인 성과' (limited results) modifies '성과'.

그는 한정적인 어휘를 사용하여 자신의 생각을 표현했다.

He expressed his thoughts using a limited vocabulary.

'한정적인 어휘' (limited vocabulary) modifies '어휘'.

이러한 경제적 제약 하에서 혁신은 필연적으로 한정적일 수밖에 없습니다.

Under these economic constraints, innovation is inevitably bound to be limited.

'필연적으로 ~일 수밖에 없다' (inevitably has no choice but to be) emphasizes the unavoidable nature of the limitation.

그의 정치적 입지는 그의 발언으로 인해 매우 한정적으로 변모했습니다.

His political standing became very limited due to his remarks.

'입지' (standing/position) is the subject, '변모했습니다' (transformed) indicates a change.

우리가 가진 시간은 물리적으로 한정적이며, 이를 효율적으로 사용해야 합니다.

The time we have is physically limited, and we must use it efficiently.

'물리적으로' (physically) specifies the type of limitation.

그 지역의 문화유산 보존 노력은 재정적인 지원이 한정적이어서 어려움을 겪고 있습니다.

Efforts to preserve the cultural heritage of that region are facing difficulties due to limited financial support.

'재정적인 지원' (financial support) is the cause of difficulty.

이것은 고정관념에 기반한 한정적인 사고방식이며, 새로운 관점을 수용해야 합니다.

This is a limited way of thinking based on stereotypes, and we need to embrace new perspectives.

'사고방식' (way of thinking) is described as '한정적인'.

그의 전문성은 특정 분야에 한정적이며, 광범위한 적용에는 무리가 있습니다.

His expertise is limited to a specific field, and broad application is difficult.

'특정 분야에 한정적이며' (limited to a specific field) sets the context.

한정적인 자원으로 최대의 효과를 내기 위한 전략이 요구됩니다.

A strategy is required to achieve maximum effect with limited resources.

'한정적인 자원' (limited resources) is the condition for the strategy.

그의 주장은 매우 한정적인 증거에 기반하고 있어 신뢰하기 어렵습니다.

His argument is based on very limited evidence, making it difficult to trust.

'한정적인 증거' (limited evidence) is the basis of the argument.

현대 사회에서 개인의 자유는 법률적, 사회적 규범에 의해 필연적으로 한정적일 수밖에 없습니다.

In modern society, individual freedom is inevitably bound to be limited by legal and social norms.

'법률적, 사회적 규범' (legal and social norms) are the factors causing limitation.

그의 비판은 특정 이념에 경도되어 있어 객관적인 분석보다는 한정적인 시각을 반영합니다.

His criticism leans towards a specific ideology, reflecting a limited perspective rather than objective analysis.

'한정적인 시각' (limited perspective) is contrasted with '객관적인 분석' (objective analysis).

인간의 인지 능력은 본질적으로 한정적이며, 이는 과학적 탐구의 한계로 작용합니다.

Human cognitive abilities are essentially limited, which acts as a boundary for scientific inquiry.

'인지 능력' (cognitive abilities) are described as '본질적으로 한정적이며' (essentially limited).

그 예술가의 작품은 제한된 재료와 기법에 대한 탐구를 통해 독창성을 발현합니다.

The artist's work expresses originality through the exploration of limited materials and techniques.

'제한된 재료와 기법' (limited materials and techniques) are the means of expression.

정치적 이상과 현실적 제약 사이의 괴리는 필연적으로 정책의 실행 범위를 한정시킵니다.

The gap between political ideals and practical constraints inevitably limits the scope of policy implementation.

'실행 범위' (scope of implementation) is what is limited.

그의 논리는 지나치게 단순화되어 있어 복잡한 현실을 반영하기에는 한정적입니다.

His logic is overly simplified, making it limited in reflecting complex realities.

'한정적입니다' describes the inadequacy of the logic.

한정된 정보로 미래를 예측하는 것은 불가능에 가깝습니다.

Predicting the future with limited information is close to impossible.

'한정된 정보' (limited information) is the condition making prediction difficult.

인류의 역사에서 과학적 진보는 종종 기존의 패러다임에 의해 한정되어 왔습니다.

In human history, scientific progress has often been limited by existing paradigms.

'기존의 패러다임' (existing paradigms) are the limiting factors.

그 사상가는 인간 존재의 근본적인 유한성을 강조하며, 우리의 인식과 경험은 본질적으로 한정적이라고 주장했다.

The philosopher emphasized the fundamental finiteness of human existence, arguing that our perception and experience are inherently limited.

'본질적으로 한정적' (inherently limited) describes perception and experience.

현실 세계의 복잡성을 고려할 때, 어떠한 이론적 모델도 그 설명력에 있어 필연적으로 한정적일 수밖에 없다.

Considering the complexity of the real world, any theoretical model is inevitably bound to be limited in its explanatory power.

'설명력' (explanatory power) is the aspect that is limited.

그의 작품은 특정 시대의 사회적, 문화적 맥락에 대한 깊이 있는 탐구를 보여주지만, 그 해석의 폭은 다소 한정적이다.

His work shows a deep exploration of the social and cultural context of a specific era, but the breadth of its interpretation is somewhat limited.

'해석의 폭' (breadth of interpretation) is described as '다소 한정적이다' (somewhat limited).

자연계의 자원은 재생 가능성에도 불구하고 절대적으로 한정적이므로, 지속 가능한 발전 모델이 필수적이다.

Despite their renewability, the resources in the natural world are absolutely limited, making sustainable development models essential.

'절대적으로 한정적' (absolutely limited) emphasizes the degree of limitation.

인간의 언어가 가진 기호적 한계는 우리가 세계를 인식하고 표현하는 방식에 근본적인 제약을 가한다.

The symbolic limitations of human language impose fundamental constraints on how we perceive and express the world.

This sentence uses '한계' (limit) and implies a limited nature of language.

그의 윤리적 프레임워크는 특정 도덕률에 깊이 뿌리내리고 있어, 보편적인 적용에는 한정적인 측면이 있다.

His ethical framework is deeply rooted in specific moral codes, thus having limited aspects for universal application.

'한정적인 측면' (limited aspects) refers to the applicability.

역사적 사건에 대한 해석은 당대의 기록과 자료의 한정성으로 인해 종종 논쟁의 여지가 있다.

Interpretations of historical events are often debatable due to the limited nature of contemporary records and data.

'한정성' (limited nature) of records is the cause of debate.

우리가 가진 기술력은 우주 탐사의 범위를 아직은 한정적인 수준에 머물게 하고 있다.

Our current technological capabilities are keeping the scope of space exploration at a still limited level.

'한정적인 수준' (limited level) describes the current state of exploration.

よく使う組み合わせ

한정적인 예산

한정적인 시간

한정적인 자원

한정적인 범위

한정적인 수량

한정적인 기회

한정적인 정보

한정적인 기능

한정적인 선택

한정적인 지원

よく使うフレーズ

시간이 한정적이다

— Time is limited.

시간이 한정적이어서 빨리 결정해야 합니다.

예산이 한정적이다

— The budget is limited.

예산이 한정적이어서 모든 것을 구매할 수는 없습니다.

자원이 한정적이다

— Resources are limited.

우리의 자원이 한정적이므로 절약해야 합니다.

수량이 한정적이다

— The quantity is limited.

이 상품은 수량이 한정적이니 서둘러 구매하세요.

선택이 한정적이다

— The choices are limited.

선택이 한정적이어서 원하는 것을 고르기 어렵습니다.

범위가 한정적이다

— The scope is limited.

이 프로젝트의 범위는 한정적입니다.

기회가 한정적이다

— Opportunities are limited.

이 기회는 한정적이니 놓치지 마세요.

정보가 한정적이다

— Information is limited.

정보가 한정적이어서 결론을 내리기 어렵습니다.

기능이 한정적이다

— The functions are limited.

이 앱은 기능이 한정적이어서 아쉽습니다.

지원 대상이 한정적이다

— The target recipients of support are limited.

이번 지원은 특정 계층에게만 제공되어 대상이 한정적입니다.

よく混同される語

한정적이다 vs 제한적이다

Both mean 'limited' or 'restricted'. '제한적이다' can sometimes imply external rules or active imposition, while '한정적이다' might suggest inherent boundaries. However, they are often used interchangeably.

한정적이다 vs 부족하다

'부족하다' means 'insufficient' or 'lacking', focusing on a deficit. '한정적이다' describes the nature of being limited in scope or quantity, not necessarily a deficit.

한정적이다 vs 얼마 없다

This informal phrase means 'there is little' or 'there is not much', typically for quantities. It's less formal and more specific to amount than '한정적이다'.

慣用句と表現

"시간이 금이다"

— Time is gold. This idiom emphasizes the value of time, implying that it is a precious and limited resource that should not be wasted. While not directly using '한정적이다', it conveys a similar sentiment about time's value due to its limitation.

바쁘더라도 시간을 낭비하지 마세요. 시간이 금입니다.

General

"손안의 떡"

— A cake in hand (meaning something that is certain or easily attainable). This idiom is often used ironically when something that seems easy turns out to be difficult or limited, contrasting with the expectation of easy availability.

처음에는 쉬워 보였지만, 알고 보니 손안의 떡이 아니었어요. (It seemed easy at first, but it turned out not to be a cake in hand.)

General

"쥐꼬리만 하다"

— To be as small as a mouse's tail. This idiom describes something that is very small in quantity or amount, similar to how '한정적이다' can refer to limited quantity.

월급이 쥐꼬리만 해서 생활하기 힘들어요.

Informal

"바늘 구멍 통과하기"

— Passing through a needle's eye. This idiom describes something that is extremely difficult to achieve or obtain, often due to severe limitations or strict conditions.

그 시험은 합격하기가 바늘 구멍 통과하기만큼 어렵다.

General

"손에 꼽히다"

— To be countable on one's fingers. This idiom is used to describe something that is very few in number or quantity, similar to '한정적인 수량'.

그 학교의 우등생은 손에 꼽힐 정도였다.

General

"그림의 떡"

— A cake in a picture (meaning something desirable but unattainable or out of reach). This idiom highlights a situation where something is seen but cannot be obtained, often due to limitations.

비싼 차가 너무 갖고 싶지만, 지금 나에게는 그림의 떡이다.

General

"하늘의 별 따기"

— To pick stars from the sky. This idiom signifies an impossible task or something extremely difficult to achieve, similar to a situation with severe limitations.

로또에 당첨되는 것은 하늘의 별 따기만큼 어렵다.

General

"모래성 쌓기"

— Building a sandcastle. This idiom describes something that is unstable, temporary, or ultimately futile, often implying a lack of solid foundation or limited potential for permanence.

그의 계획은 모래성 쌓기처럼 금방 무너졌다.

General

"바람 앞의 등불"

— A lamp in the wind. This idiom describes something or someone in a very precarious or unstable situation, facing imminent danger or destruction, highlighting extreme limitation and vulnerability.

그 회사는 지금 바람 앞의 등불과 같다.

General

"찬물 끼얹기"

— Pouring cold water. This idiom means to dampen someone's enthusiasm or ruin a good mood, often by introducing a negative or limiting factor.

좋은 분위기였는데, 그의 말 한마디가 찬물 끼얹기였다.

General

間違えやすい

한정적이다 vs 제한적이다

Both words translate to 'limited' or 'restricted' and are often used in similar contexts.

'한정적이다' often implies inherent or natural boundaries of scope, quantity, or existence. '제한적이다' can suggest limitations imposed by external rules, laws, or active restrictions. For example, '한정적인 자원' (limited resources due to scarcity) versus '통행이 제한적이다' (traffic is restricted by a law). However, the distinction can be subtle and they are frequently interchangeable.

이 숲은 한정적인 동식물만 서식합니다. (This forest is inhabited by limited flora and fauna.) vs. 이 도로는 공사 중이라 통행이 제한적입니다. (This road is under construction, so passage is restricted.)

한정적이다 vs 부족하다

Both indicate a lack of something.

'부족하다' means 'insufficient' or 'lacking', highlighting a deficit or inadequacy. '한정적이다' describes something as having a finite scope or quantity. You can have '한정적인 자원' (limited resources) which are not necessarily insufficient, but just not unlimited. However, if those limited resources are not enough for a task, then they are '부족하다'.

우리의 예산은 한정적이다. (Our budget is limited - it has a set amount.) vs. 우리의 예산은 부족하다. (Our budget is insufficient - it's not enough for what we need.)

한정적이다 vs 얼마 없다

Both refer to a small quantity.

'얼마 없다' is an informal phrase meaning 'there is little' or 'there is not much', typically used for tangible amounts. '한정적이다' is an adjective that can describe quantity, but also scope, time, or extent, and is more formal.

남은 사탕이 얼마 없어. (There are few candies left - informal.) vs. 이 제품은 한정 수량만 판매됩니다. (This product is sold in limited quantities - more formal and can refer to scope/availability.)

한정적이다 vs 무한하다

It's the direct antonym, so understanding it helps define '한정적이다' by contrast.

'무한하다' means 'infinite' or 'boundless', having no limits. '한정적이다' means 'limited' or 'finite', having defined boundaries.

하늘은 무한해 보이지만, 실제로는 한정적인 공간이다. (The sky looks infinite, but in reality, it's a limited space.)

한정적이다 vs 고정적이다

Both can imply a lack of change or variability.

'고정적이다' means 'fixed' or 'static', emphasizing immutability. '한정적이다' refers to limitations in scope, quantity, or extent. Something '고정적' might also be '한정적', but not always. For example, a fixed price might be considered limited in its variability, but '한정적이다' could describe the limited number of items available at that price.

그의 생각은 고정적이어서 변화를 받아들이기 어렵다. (His thinking is fixed, making it hard to accept change.) vs. 이 상품은 고정된 가격으로 한정된 수량만 판매됩니다. (This product is sold in limited quantities at a fixed price.)

文型パターン

Beginner

[Noun] + 은/는 + 한정적이다.

이것은 한정적이다. (This is limited.)

Beginner

[Noun] + 이/가 + 한정적이다.

시간이 한정적이다. (Time is limited.)

Intermediate

[Noun] + 은/는 + [Adverb] + 한정적이다.

예산은 매우 한정적이다. (The budget is very limited.)

Intermediate

[Reason] + 때문에 + [Noun] + 이/가 + 한정적이다.

자원이 부족하기 때문에 우리의 계획은 한정적이다. (Because resources are insufficient, our plans are limited.)

Intermediate

[Noun] + 은/는 + 한정적이었다.

과거에는 이 기술이 한정적이었다. (In the past, this technology was limited.)

Advanced

[Noun] + 은/는 + 한정적일 것이다.

미래에는 이러한 기회가 한정적일 것이다. (In the future, these opportunities will be limited.)

Advanced

[Noun] + 은/는 + 한정적인 + [Another Noun].

우리는 한정적인 정보를 가지고 있다. (We have limited information.)

Advanced

한정적인 + [Noun] + 으로/로 + [Verb/Adjective].

한정된 자원으로 최선을 다했다. (We did our best with limited resources.)

語族

名詞

한정 (hanjeong - limitation, restriction)

한정판 (hanjeongpan - limited edition)

動詞

한정하다 (hanjeonghada - to limit, to restrict)

한정되다 (hanjeongdoeda - to be limited, to be restricted)

形容詞

한정적이다 (hanjeongjeogida - to be limited, restricted)

使い方

frequency

Common

よくある間違い

Using '한정적이다' when '부족하다' (insufficient) is more appropriate. → 우리의 예산은 한정적이다. (Our budget is limited - it has a set amount.)
While a limited budget might lead to insufficiency, '한정적이다' describes the nature of the budget itself being finite, not necessarily that it's not enough for a specific purpose. '부족하다' directly states it's not enough.
Confusing '한정적이다' with '제한적이다' in contexts implying external rules. → 이 구역은 출입이 제한적입니다. (Entry into this area is restricted.)
While often interchangeable, '제한적이다' more strongly implies an externally imposed restriction or rule. '한정적이다' can lean towards inherent limitations. Using '제한적이다' for rules is often more precise.
Incorrectly conjugating '한정적이다' or omitting the copula. → 그의 지식은 한정적이다. (His knowledge is limited.)
'한정적이다' is an adjective that needs a copula like '이다' (or its conjugations) to form a complete predicate. Simply saying '그의 지식은 한정적' is grammatically incomplete.
Treating '한정적이다' as a verb. → 그는 자신의 시간을 한정적으로 사용한다. (He uses his time limitedly.)
'한정적이다' is an adjective. To express the action of limiting something, you'd use verbs like '한정하다' (to limit) or '제한하다' (to restrict), or an adverbial form like '한정적으로' (limitedly).
Overusing '한정적이다' when a simpler term like '적다' (few/small) would suffice. → 이것은 적은 양입니다. (This is a small amount.)
For simple statements about small quantities, '적다' is often more natural and less formal than '한정적이다'. '한정적이다' is better for describing scope, time, or inherent limitations.

ヒント

Predicate Adjective

'한정적이다' functions as a predicate adjective. Ensure it's used at the end of a clause or sentence to describe the subject, often with appropriate particles like '은/는' or '이/가'.

Synonym Awareness

Be aware of synonyms like '제한적이다' and '부족하다'. While similar, they carry slightly different nuances. Understanding these differences will help you choose the most precise word for your intended meaning.

Syllable Stress

Pay attention to the stress on the second syllable: 한정적이다 (han-JEONG-jeogida). Clear pronunciation helps in both speaking and understanding this word.

Visual Association

Create a mental image of something being confined or having a boundary, like a small box or a fenced area, to remember the core meaning of 'limited'.

Sentence Creation

Actively try to create sentences using '한정적이다' in various contexts. Describe your daily limitations, news headlines, or hypothetical scenarios.

Cultural Relevance

Understand that acknowledging limitations is a practical and often necessary aspect of life in many cultures, including Korean culture. This word is frequently used to explain practical constraints.

Modifier Form

Remember the modifier form '한정된' (limited) which can be placed before nouns to describe them, like '한정된 자원' (limited resources).

Antonym Contrast

Contrast '한정적이다' with its antonyms like '무한하다' (infinite) or '무제한적이다' (unlimited) to solidify its meaning by understanding what it is not.

Real-World Use

Listen for '한정적이다' in real-world conversations, news, and media. Noticing how native speakers use it will greatly improve your understanding and application.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine a 'hand' (한-) reaching out to 'judge' (-정-) something, but it can only judge a 'deck' (-적-) of cards, not the whole casino. This emphasizes the limited nature of what the hand can assess.

視覚的連想

Picture a small, fenced-off area labeled 'Limited Area' with a person inside looking out wistfully at a vast open space. The fence represents the limitation ('한정').

Word Web

Limited Restricted Finite Boundaries Scarcity Constraints Budget Time Resources Scope

チャレンジ

Try to describe five things in your daily life that are '한정적이다'. For instance, your daily screen time, the number of snacks you have, or the available parking spots.

語源

The word '한정적이다' is derived from the Sino-Korean words '限定' (hanjeong) and '的' (jeok), combined with the Korean verb ending '-이다'. '限定' itself breaks down into '限' (han - limit, restrict) and '定' (jeong - fix, set). The suffix '-적' (jeok) forms adjectives, and '-이다' is the copula.

元の意味： The core meaning stems from 'limiting' and 'fixing' something within a certain boundary.

Sino-Korean (derived from Hanja)

文化的な背景

The term itself is neutral. However, the context in which it's used can carry emotional weight. For example, stating that 'opportunities are limited' might be discouraging, while saying 'our budget is limited' is a practical statement for planning.

In English, the concept is conveyed by words like 'limited,' 'restricted,' 'finite,' or 'scarce.' The nuance of '한정적이다' often leans towards an inherent limitation or a set boundary, rather than an externally imposed restriction, though it can encompass both.

The concept of 'limited resources' is frequently discussed in economic theories and environmental studies, which are relevant globally. In traditional Korean philosophy, the idea of balance and moderation often implies an understanding of inherent limitations. Many Korean proverbs touch upon the value of time and resources, indirectly relating to the concept of '한정적이다'.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Discussing budgets and financial planning.

한정적인 예산
예산 부족
재정적 제약

Managing time and schedules.

시간이 한정적이다
촉박한 시간
마감 기한

Describing available resources.

한정적인 자원
자원 고갈
희소 자원

Explaining limitations in products or services.

한정된 수량
한정적인 기능
기간 한정

Academic research and study limitations.

한정적인 표본
연구 범위 제한
데이터 부족

会話のきっかけ

"What are some things in your life that feel particularly limited right now?"

"How do you deal with situations where resources are limited?"

"Can you think of a time when limited options led to a creative solution?"

"What's something you wish you had more of, and why?"

"How important is it to be aware of limitations when making plans?"

日記のテーマ

Reflect on a recent situation where you faced limitations. How did you adapt, and what did you learn?

Describe a goal you have. What are the potential limitations you might encounter, and how can you plan for them?

Think about a time when you had to make a difficult choice due to limited resources. What was the outcome?

Consider the concept of 'limited time'. How does this awareness affect your daily decisions and priorities?

Write about something you appreciate more because it is limited or scarce.

よくある質問

10 問

While often interchangeable, '한정적이다' tends to describe inherent or natural limitations (e.g., limited resources, limited time), whereas '제한적이다' can imply restrictions imposed by external rules or active control (e.g., restricted access, limited movement due to regulations). However, in many everyday contexts, they mean the same thing: 'limited' or 'restricted'.

Yes, absolutely. '한정적이다' can be used for abstract concepts like 'knowledge' (한정적인 지식), 'perspective' (한정적인 시각), 'opportunity' (한정적인 기회), or 'understanding' (한정적인 이해). It signifies that these abstract concepts have boundaries or are not all-encompassing.

Typically, you place the noun that is limited before '한정적이다' with a subject or topic marker (e.g., '시간이 한정적이다' - Time is limited). It functions as a predicate adjective, describing the subject. You can also use the modifier form '한정된' before a noun, like '한정된 예산' (limited budget).

It is generally a neutral word. It simply describes a state of limitation. Whether it's perceived positively or negatively depends entirely on the context. For instance, 'limited edition' (한정판) can be a positive marketing strategy, while 'limited resources' might be a negative constraint.

Common nouns include '시간' (time), '예산' (budget), '자원' (resources), '수량' (quantity), '범위' (scope), '기회' (opportunity), '정보' (information), '기능' (function), '선택' (choice), and '인원' (personnel/number of people).

Try describing things around you that are limited. For example, 'My phone's battery is limited' (제 휴대폰 배터리가 한정적이에요), or 'The parking spaces are limited' (주차 공간이 한정적이에요). Also, try writing sentences explaining why something is limited.

The related verb form is '한정되다' (hanjeongdoeda), which means 'to be limited' or 'to become limited'. It's the passive verb. For example, '그의 활동은 한정되었다' (His activities were limited).

Yes, it can describe a person's limitations in a specific context, such as '그는 한정적인 지식을 가지고 있다' (He has limited knowledge) or '그의 의견은 한정적이다' (His opinion is limited). It's not usually used to describe a person's character in a broad sense unless referring to specific traits or abilities.

Direct antonyms include '무한하다' (infinite), '무궁무진하다' (inexhaustible), and '무제한적이다' (unlimited). Words like '광범위하다' (extensive) also describe the opposite of being limited in scope.

'적다' specifically refers to a small quantity. '한정적이다' is broader; it can mean limited in quantity, but also limited in scope, time, extent, or availability. For example, '적은 양' (small amount) vs. '한정적인 시간' (limited time) or '한정적인 범위' (limited scope).

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