elétrico 30秒で
- Elétrico primarily means 'electric' or 'electrical' in Portuguese, describing items powered by electricity like cars, guitars, or household appliances.
- In Portugal, 'o elétrico' is a common noun referring specifically to the iconic yellow trams found in cities like Lisbon and Porto.
- Figuratively, the word describes someone who is very energetic, hyperactive, or a situation that is tense and exciting (an 'electric' atmosphere).
- Grammatically, it must agree with the noun it modifies (elétrico/elétrica) and is distinct from 'eletrônico', which refers to data-processing devices.
The word elétrico is a versatile Portuguese term that primarily functions as an adjective meaning "electric" or "electrical." At its most fundamental level, it describes anything that is powered by, related to, or produces electricity. Whether you are talking about a carro elétrico (electric car) or a circuito elétrico (electrical circuit), this word is the standard descriptor for the phenomenon of electron flow and its applications in modern technology. However, the word carries significant cultural and linguistic weight beyond its scientific definition, particularly in European Portuguese and in figurative speech across the Lusophone world.
- Technical Utility
- Refers to devices like 'escova de dentes elétrica' or 'guitarra elétrica'.
- Public Transport
- In Portugal, 'o elétrico' is the specific noun for a tram or streetcar.
- Metaphorical Energy
- Describes a person who is hyperactive, restless, or extremely excited.
"Lisboa é famosa pelos seus elétricos amarelos que sobem as colinas íngremes." (Lisbon is famous for its yellow trams that climb the steep hills.)
In the figurative sense, calling someone elétrico suggests they have an internal battery that never runs out. It is often used to describe children who are constantly running around or an adult who is particularly high-strung or enthusiastic about a project. This usage mirrors the English "electrifying," but is more commonly applied to personality traits rather than just performances. In Brazil, while the tram is called a 'bonde', the adjective 'elétrico' remains the standard for electrical items and high-energy people.
"Este café é tão forte que me deixou elétrico!" (This coffee is so strong it made me hyper!)
From a grammatical standpoint, remember that 'elétrico' must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies. A 'guitarra' (feminine) is 'elétrica', while a 'carro' (masculine) is 'elétrico'. In the plural, they become 'elétricos' and 'elétricas'. This basic rule is essential for A1 learners to master early on, as electrical appliances are ubiquitous in daily life and household vocabulary.
- Gender Agreement
- O fogão elétrico (masculine) vs. A batedeira elétrica (feminine).
- Pluralization
- Os motores elétricos (masculine plural) vs. As trotinetes elétricas (feminine plural).
Using elétrico correctly requires understanding its role as both a descriptive adjective and a specific noun. In most contexts, it follows the noun it describes, which is the standard position for adjectives in Portuguese. For example, you would say "um carro elétrico" rather than "um elétrico carro." This placement emphasizes the specific type of car, distinguishing it from internal combustion vehicles. When used as a noun in Portugal, it usually takes the definite article 'o', as in "Vou apanhar o elétrico das cinco.".
"A instalação elétrica desta casa antiga precisa de ser renovada." (The electrical installation of this old house needs to be renovated.)
When applying the word figuratively, it often follows the verb 'estar' (to be in a temporary state) or 'ser' (to be as a permanent trait). If you say "O João está elétrico hoje," you mean he is unusually energetic right now, perhaps because he had too much sugar. If you say "O João é elétrico," you are describing his naturally high-energy personality. This distinction between 'ser' and 'estar' is crucial for conveying the correct nuance of someone's energy levels.
- Literal Usage
- Used for appliances, vehicles, and energy systems.
- Figurative Usage
- Used for people, moods, and atmospheres (e.g., 'um ambiente elétrico').
- Noun Usage
- Specifically for trams in Portugal (Lisbon, Porto).
In technical writing, 'elétrico' is paired with nouns like 'corrente' (current), 'tensão' (voltage), and 'campo' (field). In these cases, the word is strictly scientific. However, in marketing and modern sustainability discourse, 'elétrico' is a buzzword. You will see it in 'mobilidade elétrica' (electric mobility), a term used by governments and companies to discuss the transition away from fossil fuels. Understanding this word is therefore key to following news about climate change and technology in Portuguese-speaking countries.
You will encounter elétrico in a wide variety of environments, from the mundane to the professional. In a domestic setting, it's the word you use when shopping for kitchen gadgets or DIY tools at a store like Leroy Merlin or Worten. You'll hear phrases like "procura um corta-relva elétrico ou a gasolina?" (Are you looking for an electric or petrol lawnmower?). In the street, especially in Portugal, the sound of the 'elétrico' bell (the 'trim-trim') is a signature sound of the city, and you'll hear tourists and locals alike asking "Onde é a paragem do elétrico?" (Where is the tram stop?).
"Atenção: perigo de choque elétrico!" (Warning: danger of electric shock!)
In the business world, specifically within the automotive and energy sectors, 'elétrico' is ubiquitous. During news broadcasts (Jornal Nacional in Brazil or Telejornal in Portugal), you will hear about the 'mercado de veículos elétricos' or the 'crise no setor elétrico'. It is a formal word used by experts to discuss infrastructure and economy. Conversely, in a casual bar or at a party, you might hear someone describe the vibe as 'elétrico', meaning the music and the crowd are high-energy and exciting.
- In Stores
- Labeling appliances: 'ferro de engomar elétrico'.
- In News
- Discussing energy prices: 'fatura elétrica'.
- In Social Settings
- Describing people: 'Ele é um miúdo muito elétrico'.
One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing elétrico with eletrônico. While they are related, they are not interchangeable. 'Elétrico' refers to the power source and heavy machinery (motors, heaters, cables), while 'eletrônico' refers to devices that process data or use low-voltage circuits (computers, smartphones, digital watches). You wouldn't call a laptop an 'elétrico' device, even though it uses electricity; it is 'eletrônico'.
Incorrect: "O meu computador elétrico está avariado."
Correct: "O meu computador eletrônico (or just 'computador') está avariado."
Another common error is gender agreement. Because 'elétrico' ends in '-o', many beginners forget to change it to 'elétrica' when the noun is feminine. This is particularly common with words like 'guitarra' or 'energia'. Saying "energia elétrico" is a clear marker of a non-native speaker. Always check the gender of the noun first. Additionally, in Brazil, calling a tram an 'elétrico' will sound strange; use 'bonde'. Conversely, in Portugal, calling an 'elétrico' a 'bonde' will make you sound like you've spent too much time watching Brazilian soap operas.
- The 'Eletrônico' Trap
- Use 'elétrico' for power/heat; 'eletrônico' for data/chips.
- The Regional Trap
- Portugal = Elétrico; Brazil = Bonde (for the vehicle).
- The Stress Trap
- The accent is on the 'é'. Pronouncing it 'eletrico' without the stress on the second syllable is incorrect.
To expand your vocabulary, it's helpful to look at words related to elétrico. A very close relative is eletrizante. While 'elétrico' describes the nature of the energy, 'eletrizante' describes the effect it has on people—it means "thrilling" or "exciting." A football match can be 'eletrizante', but a car is 'elétrico'. Another related term is eletricidade (electricity), the noun representing the energy itself.
"O concerto foi eletrizante, a multidão não parava de gritar!" (The concert was electrifying, the crowd wouldn't stop screaming!)
In terms of synonyms for the figurative meaning, you might use inquieto (restless), dinâmico (dynamic), or hiperativo (hyperactive). For the technical side, eletrificado means something that has had electricity applied to it (like a fence). In the context of transport, bonde is the direct synonym for the vehicle in Brazil, while trólebus refers to an electric bus that stays connected to overhead wires.
- Eletrizante
- Used for events/emotions (Thrilling).
- Eletrificado
- Used for objects carrying a current (Electrified).
- Bonde
- The Brazilian term for the tram.
How Formal Is It?
""
""
""
難易度
知っておくべき文法
レベル別の例文
O carro é elétrico.
The car is electric.
Masculine singular agreement.
A guitarra é elétrica.
The guitar is electric.
Feminine singular agreement.
O elétrico é amarelo.
The tram is yellow.
Used as a noun (PT-PT).
Eu uso uma escova elétrica.
I use an electric brush.
Adjective modifying 'escova'.
A luz é elétrica.
The light is electric.
Basic A1 vocabulary.
O comboio é elétrico?
Is the train electric?
Interrogative sentence.
Eles têm bicicletas elétricas.
They have electric bicycles.
Feminine plural agreement.
O fogão não é elétrico.
The stove is not electric.
Negative sentence.
O elétrico 28 é muito famoso.
Tram 28 is very famous.
Specific noun usage.
Preciso de um cabo elétrico novo.
I need a new electric cable.
Noun-adjective pair.
A batedeira elétrica está na cozinha.
The electric mixer is in the kitchen.
Common household item.
Os vidros do carro são elétricos.
The car windows are electric.
Plural agreement.
Cuidado com o choque elétrico!
Watch out for the electric shock!
Safety vocabulary.
A cidade tem muitos elétricos.
The city has many trams.
Noun in plural.
Esta manta é elétrica e muito quente.
This blanket is electric and very warm.
Descriptive use.
O motor elétrico é silencioso.
The electric motor is silent.
Technical adjective.
O meu filho está muito elétrico hoje.
My son is very hyper today.
Figurative use with 'estar'.
A fatura elétrica aumentou este mês.
The electric bill increased this month.
Economic context.
A rede elétrica da cidade falhou.
The city's power grid failed.
Infrastructure term.
Prefiro ferramentas elétricas para o jardim.
I prefer electric tools for the garden.
Preference expression.
O circuito elétrico está sobrecarregado.
The electrical circuit is overloaded.
Technical description.
Ela comprou uma trotinete elétrica.
She bought an electric scooter.
Modern mobility.
O ambiente na reunião estava elétrico.
The atmosphere in the meeting was electric/tense.
Figurative use for atmosphere.
Não toques nos fios elétricos descascados.
Don't touch the stripped electric wires.
Imperative with safety.
A mobilidade elétrica é o futuro das cidades.
Electric mobility is the future of cities.
Abstract concept.
O sistema elétrico nacional é complexo.
The national electrical system is complex.
Formal/Technical.
Houve uma descarga elétrica durante a tempestade.
There was an electrical discharge during the storm.
Natural phenomenon.
O desempenho do motor elétrico superou as expectativas.
The electric motor's performance exceeded expectations.
Professional context.
A empresa investe em centrais elétricas solares.
The company invests in solar power plants.
Industrial vocabulary.
O orador deu um discurso elétrico e motivador.
The speaker gave an electric and motivating speech.
Metaphorical use.
A condutividade elétrica do cobre é alta.
The electrical conductivity of copper is high.
Scientific fact.
Eles instalaram um portão elétrico na garagem.
They installed an electric gate in the garage.
Home improvement.
A regulação do setor elétrico sofreu alterações.
The regulation of the electricity sector underwent changes.
Legal/Administrative.
O campo elétrico interfere nas comunicações.
The electric field interferes with communications.
Physics context.
Senti um calafrio elétrico percorrer-me a espinha.
I felt an electric shiver run down my spine.
Literary/Sensory.
A eficiência dos veículos elétricos é debatida.
The efficiency of electric vehicles is debated.
Academic discussion.
O transformador elétrico explodiu após o curto-circuito.
The electrical transformer exploded after the short circuit.
Specific technical event.
A sua personalidade elétrica cativa toda a gente.
Her electric personality captivates everyone.
Advanced metaphorical use.
O país aposta na descarbonização através do vetor elétrico.
The country bets on decarbonization through the electric vector.
Strategic/Political.
A manutenção preventiva da rede elétrica é vital.
Preventive maintenance of the electrical grid is vital.
Professional/Technical.
A sinergia entre o sistema elétrico e a rede digital é total.
The synergy between the electrical system and the digital network is total.
High-level technical synthesis.
O texto possui um ritmo elétrico, quase frenético.
The text has an electric, almost frenetic rhythm.
Stylistic analysis.
A volatilidade dos preços no mercado elétrico grossista preocupa.
The volatility of prices in the wholesale electricity market is worrying.
Specialized economic terminology.
O fenómeno elétrico foi analisado sob uma perspetiva quântica.
The electrical phenomenon was analyzed from a quantum perspective.
Scientific/Theoretical.
A tensão elétrica entre as duas nações era palpável.
The electric tension between the two nations was palpable.
Geopolitical metaphor.
A infraestrutura elétrica subjacente é obsoleta.
The underlying electrical infrastructure is obsolete.
Formal critique.
O autor utiliza a metáfora do choque elétrico para a epifania.
The author uses the metaphor of electric shock for epiphany.
Literary criticism.
A convergência tecnológica no setor elétrico é inevitável.
Technological convergence in the electrical sector is inevitable.
Futurist/Strategic.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
Apanhar o elétrico
Cadeira elétrica
Escova de dentes elétrica
Trovoada elétrica
Circuito elétrico
Quadro elétrico
Arame elétrico
Fusível elétrico
Aquecimento elétrico
Engenharia elétrica
よく混同される語
慣用句と表現
""
""
""
""
""
""
""
""
""
""
間違えやすい
文型パターン
使い方
Can be positive (energetic) or slightly negative (annoyingly hyper).
Bonde (BR) vs Elétrico (PT) for the vehicle.
- Using 'elétrico' for computers (should be eletrônico).
- Forgetting to change to 'elétrica' for feminine nouns.
- Using 'bonde' in Portugal (sounds Brazilian).
- Using 'elétrico' for the vehicle in Brazil (sounds Portuguese).
- Misplacing the stress on the first or third syllable.
ヒント
Gender Check
Always match 'elétrico' with the noun's gender. Masculine: carro elétrico. Feminine: escova elétrica. This is a common A1 mistake.
Electric vs Electronic
Use 'elétrico' for power and 'eletrônico' for data. A fridge is 'elétrico', but a tablet is 'eletrônico'. Knowing this avoids confusion.
Lisbon Trams
In Portugal, 'o elétrico' is the tram. It's a noun there. In Brazil, use 'bonde' for the vehicle to sound natural.
Figurative Fun
Call a high-energy friend 'elétrico'. It's a very common and natural way to describe someone hyper in Portuguese. It sounds very native.
Warning Signs
Look for 'Perigo Elétrico' signs. It's vital vocabulary for safety when traveling or working in Lusophone countries. It usually has a bolt symbol.
Appliance Shopping
When buying gadgets, look for 'eletrodomésticos'. These are all 'elétricos'. This helps you navigate stores like Worten or Magalu.
Stress the 'Lé'
The accent mark on 'é' tells you exactly where to put the stress. Don't say 'eletrico'; say 'e-LÉ-tri-co'. This makes you easier to understand.
Formal Contexts
In essays, use 'energia elétrica' instead of just 'eletricidade' for a more formal tone. It sounds more professional and precise.
News Keywords
Listen for 'setor elétrico' in the news. It's a hot topic regarding economy and climate change in Portugal and Brazil. It's a key B2+ term.
Atmosphere
Use 'ambiente elétrico' to describe a tense room. It's a great way to express that 'you could cut the tension with a knife'.
暗記しよう
語源
Latin 'electrum' via Greek 'ēlektron' (amber).
文化的な背景
Trio Elétrico is the heart of Bahian Carnival.
The tram is a central part of urban identity in Lisbon.
The 'carro elétrico' is a major topic in modern Lusophone politics.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
会話のきっかけ
"Já andaste no elétrico 28 em Lisboa?"
"O que achas dos carros elétricos?"
"Estás muito elétrico hoje, bebeste muito café?"
"A tua escova de dentes é elétrica?"
"Como está a fatura elétrica na tua casa?"
日記のテーマ
Descreve a tua viagem num elétrico antigo.
Quais são as vantagens de ter um carro elétrico?
Escreve sobre um dia em que te sentiste muito elétrico.
Como seria o mundo sem energia elétrica?
Descreve o ambiente elétrico de um concerto.
よくある質問
10 問Elétrico refere-se à energia e potência (motores, lâmpadas). Eletrônico refere-se a circuitos que processam informação (computadores, telemóveis). É uma distinção técnica importante em português.
No Brasil, o veículo de transporte sobre carris é chamado de 'bonde'. A palavra 'elétrico' é usada apenas como adjetivo para descrever algo que funciona com eletricidade.
Sim, é muito comum. Significa que a pessoa tem muita energia ou está muito agitada. Por exemplo: 'A criança está elétrica hoje'.
Sim, o plural masculino é 'elétricos' e o plural feminino é 'elétricas'. Ambos seguem as regras normais de pluralização dos adjetivos em português.
A pronúncia correta tem a tónica no 'lé'. O 'é' é aberto, como em 'café'. As outras sílabas são curtas e átonas.
É um camião equipado com um sistema de som potente e um palco, típico do Carnaval do Brasil, especialmente na Bahia.
Significa um ambiente com muita tensão, excitação ou energia, como antes de um grande jogo de futebol ou durante uma discussão.
Diz-se 'guitarra elétrica' porque 'guitarra' é um substantivo feminino. O adjetivo deve concordar sempre em género.
É a conta que pagamos todos os meses pelo consumo de eletricidade em casa ou no trabalho.
Não, o verbo correto é 'eletrizar' (dar carga elétrica ou entusiasmar) ou 'eletrificar' (instalar eletricidade num local).
自分をテスト 180 問
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The word 'elétrico' is essential for daily life (appliances), travel (trams in Portugal), and describing personalities (energetic people). Always remember to match the gender with the noun and use it to add dynamic energy to your descriptions.
- Elétrico primarily means 'electric' or 'electrical' in Portuguese, describing items powered by electricity like cars, guitars, or household appliances.
- In Portugal, 'o elétrico' is a common noun referring specifically to the iconic yellow trams found in cities like Lisbon and Porto.
- Figuratively, the word describes someone who is very energetic, hyperactive, or a situation that is tense and exciting (an 'electric' atmosphere).
- Grammatically, it must agree with the noun it modifies (elétrico/elétrica) and is distinct from 'eletrônico', which refers to data-processing devices.
Gender Check
Always match 'elétrico' with the noun's gender. Masculine: carro elétrico. Feminine: escova elétrica. This is a common A1 mistake.
Electric vs Electronic
Use 'elétrico' for power and 'eletrônico' for data. A fridge is 'elétrico', but a tablet is 'eletrônico'. Knowing this avoids confusion.
Lisbon Trams
In Portugal, 'o elétrico' is the tram. It's a noun there. In Brazil, use 'bonde' for the vehicle to sound natural.
Figurative Fun
Call a high-energy friend 'elétrico'. It's a very common and natural way to describe someone hyper in Portuguese. It sounds very native.
例文
Bonde histórico.
関連コンテンツ
transportationの関連語
bicicleta
A1ペダルで駆動する二輪車。移動やレジャーに使われます。
autocarro
A1O autocarro é um veículo de transporte coletivo, geralmente de grande dimensão, que circula em vias públicas para transportar passageiros entre diferentes pontos de uma cidade, região ou até mesmo entre países. É um meio de transporte comum, acessível e essencial para a mobilidade urbana e interurbana.
