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A2 verb ニュートラル 3分で読める

supor

/suˈpoɾ/
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Overview

The Portuguese verb 'supor' is a fascinating and frequently used verb that translates to 'to suppose,' 'to assume,' or 'to surmise' in English. It implies a belief or a guess that something is true or probable without definitive proof. Understanding its conjugation and usage is crucial for anyone learning Portuguese.

**Conjugation:**

'Supor' is an irregular verb, which means it doesn't follow the standard conjugation patterns. It belongs to the second conjugation verbs (those ending in -er), but its stem changes in several tenses and moods. Here's a breakdown of its conjugation in some key tenses:

* eu suponho (I suppose)

  • tu supões (you suppose - singular, informal)
  • ele/ela/você supõe (he/she/you suppose - singular, formal)

* nós supomos (we suppose)

  • vós supondes (you suppose - plural, informal, rarely used in Brazil)

* eles/elas/vocês suporão (they/you will suppose)

Subjunctive Mood (often used to express uncertainty, desires, or hypothetical situations):

**Usage and Nuances:**

'Supor' is often followed by 'que' (that) to introduce a subordinate clause, expressing the content of the assumption. For example:

  • 'Eu suponho que ele virá amanhã.' (I suppose that he will come tomorrow.)
  • 'Nós supusemos que ela já sabia da notícia.' (We supposed that she already knew the news.)

It can also be used in more informal contexts to express a guess or an educated assumption:

  • 'Quantos anos ele tem? Suponho que uns trinta.' (How old is he? I suppose about thirty.)

Another common construction is 'ao supor' (upon supposing), which indicates an action that occurs as a result of an assumption:

  • 'Ao supor o pior, ele se preparou para tudo.' (Upon supposing the worst, he prepared for everything.)

**Common Phrases:**

  • 'Supondo que...' (Supposing that... / Assuming that...)
  • 'É de supor que...' (It's to be supposed that... / It's reasonable to assume that...)
  • 'Suponho que sim/não.' (I suppose so/not.)

Understanding 'supor' allows for more nuanced communication in Portuguese, enabling speakers to express various levels of certainty and conjecture.

例文

1

Suponhamos que ele venha amanhã.

Used to express a hypothesis or a possibility.

Let's assume he comes tomorrow.

2

Eu suponho que você esteja cansado.

Used to express an opinion or a deduction based on some observation.

I suppose you are tired.

3

Ela supôs que a reunião seria cancelada.

Refers to making an assumption in the past.

She assumed the meeting would be canceled.

4

Não suponha o pior.

Used in an imperative form to advise against making negative assumptions.

Don't assume the worst.

5

É de supor que eles concordem.

Expresses a logical expectation or probability.

It is to be assumed that they agree.

よく使う組み合わせ

supor que
é de supor
façamos de conta
supondo que

よく混同される語

supor 対 saber

Saber means 'to know' with certainty, while supor means 'to assume' without proof.

文法パターン

Supor que + indicative Supor que + subjunctive Supor + direct object

使い方

使い方のコツ

When using 'supor,' it's important to consider the grammatical mood it triggers. Typically, when 'supor' introduces a subordinate clause expressing the assumption, the subjunctive mood is used in that clause, especially if the assumption is presented as hypothetical or uncertain. For example, 'Eu suponho que ele venha amanhã' (I suppose he comes tomorrow), where 'venha' is in the subjunctive. However, if the assumption is stated as a more direct or likely belief, the indicative mood might be employed, though this is less common with 'supor' itself and more with verbs like 'achar' (to think) or 'acreditar' (to believe). The tense of 'supor' will also affect the subordinate clause; if 'supor' is in the past tense, the subordinate clause will often reflect a past or conditional subjunctive. Pay attention to context: 'supor' can also imply a challenge or a rhetorical question, as in 'Supõe-se que você saiba disso' (It is assumed that you know this), which can subtly imply that the speaker expects you to know. Additionally, 'supor' can be used reflexively, 'supor-se,' to indicate self-assumption or general belief.

よくある間違い

A common mistake is confusing 'supor' with 'apoiar' (to support). While they both start with 's' and have 'p' and 'o', their meanings are quite different. 'Supor' is about making an assumption, while 'apoiar' is about providing support or backing. Another mistake can be incorrect conjugation, especially in irregular tenses. For example, the present tense conjugation is 'eu suponho', 'tu supões', 'ele/ela/você supõe', 'nós supomos', 'vós suponde' (less common), 'eles/elas/vocês supõem'. Pay close attention to the 'o' changing to 'oe' or 'oẽ' in some forms.

ヒント

💡

Use with 'que' for assumptions about facts or possibilities.

When 'supor' is used to express an assumption about something factual or a possibility, it's often followed by 'que' (that). For example: 'Eu suponho que ele virá.' (I suppose that he will come.) or 'Nós supomos que o projeto será um sucesso.' (We assume that the project will be a success.).

💡

Conjugation in the present tense can be irregular.

The verb 'supor' is a descendant of 'pôr' (to put), and as such, it shares some conjugation irregularities, especially in the present tense. For instance, 'eu suponho' (I suppose), 'tu supões' (you suppose - informal), 'ele/ela/você supõe' (he/she/you suppose), 'nós supomos' (we suppose), 'vós supondes' (you suppose - archaic/formal plural), 'eles/elas/vocês supõem' (they/you suppose). Pay attention to these variations to use it correctly.

💡

Distinguish from 'imaginar' (to imagine) or 'achar' (to think/find).

While 'supor' involves an assumption, it's not always interchangeable with 'imaginar' (to imagine) or 'achar' (to think/find). 'Imaginar' implies creating a mental image or idea, often without much basis in reality. 'Achar' can mean to think or find, but it can also imply a stronger conviction or personal opinion than 'supor'. 'Supor' specifically carries the nuance of assuming something without concrete proof, often as a starting point for discussion or planning.

語源

From Latin supponere, present active infinitive of suppono (“to put under; to substitute”), from sub (“under”) + pono (“to put, place”). Cognate with Spanish suponer, French supposer, Italian supporre.

文化的な背景

The verb 'supor' in Portuguese, meaning 'to assume' or 'to suppose,' carries a nuanced cultural weight that often reflects a degree of caution or uncertainty in communication. In many Portuguese-speaking cultures, direct confrontation or definitive statements without complete certainty can sometimes be seen as impolite or overly assertive. Therefore, 'supor' can be used as a linguistic softener, allowing speakers to express an idea or belief without committing entirely to its factual accuracy. This can be particularly evident in professional or formal settings, where maintaining harmony and avoiding definitive claims without solid evidence is valued. It can also imply a form of deference, suggesting that one is offering an idea for consideration rather than stating an undeniable truth. This contrasts with some other cultures where directness is highly prized, highlighting a subtle yet significant difference in communication styles.

覚え方のコツ

Associate 'supor' with 'suppose' in English, as they have similar meanings and spellings. Imagine 'supposing' something without concrete proof. You can also think of 'suponer' in Spanish, which means the same thing.

よくある質問

4 問

'Supor' is a Portuguese verb that translates to 'to assume' or 'to suppose' in English. It refers to the act of believing something to be true or probable without having definitive proof or evidence. When you 'supor' something, you are making a conjecture or a guess based on certain indications or personal reasoning, rather than established facts. It implies a degree of uncertainty, acknowledging that what you're assuming might not necessarily be the reality.

In the present tense, 'supor' is conjugated as follows: - Eu suponho (I assume) - Tu supões (You (informal) assume) - Ele/Ela/Você supõe (He/She/You (formal) assumes) - Nós supomos (We assume) - Vós supondes (You (plural informal) assume) - Eles/Elas/Vocês supõem (They/You (plural formal) assume) Notice the irregular conjugation in the first person singular, 'eu suponho'.

While both 'supor' and 'acreditar' involve a belief, they are not always interchangeable. 'Acreditar' means 'to believe' and often implies a stronger conviction or faith in something, with or without proof. 'Supor,' on the other hand, specifically emphasizes the lack of proof and the speculative nature of the belief. You might 'acreditar' in a religious doctrine, but you would 'supor' that your friend is late because of traffic. 'Supor' is about making an educated guess, whereas 'acreditar' is about holding a conviction.

Here are a few common phrases and expressions using 'supor': - 'Supondo que...' (Supposing that.../Assuming that...): Used to introduce a hypothetical situation. - 'É de supor que...' (It is to be assumed that...): Indicates a reasonable or likely assumption. - 'Faço suposições' (I make assumptions): Refers to the act of forming guesses or hypotheses. - 'Sem supor nada' (Without assuming anything): Used to emphasize that one is not making any prior judgments or assumptions.

自分をテスト

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Eu ______ que ele viria, mas ele não apareceu.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
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É difícil ______ a verdade sem todas as informações.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
fill blank

Nós sempre ______ o melhor das pessoas.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:

スコア： /3

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