A2 · 初中級 チャプター 22

The Dative Case Journey

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10 例文
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Chapter in 30 Seconds

Unlock the ability to give, show, and express your needs to others in Russian.

  • Identify the Dative case endings for nouns and pronouns.
  • Construct sentences to express indirect objects.
  • Use the Dative case to talk about needs and feelings.
Giving and feeling: Master the Dative connection.

学べること

Using the Dative case for indirect objects. Expressing needs and feelings.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Correctly identify and use the Dative case to indicate recipients of actions and express personal needs.

重要な例文 (2)

1

Я пишу сообщение `другу`.

I am writing a message to a friend.

ロシア語の与格：与えると受け手 (Дательный)
2

`Мне` нравится этот сериал на Netflix.

I like this series on Netflix.

ロシア語の与格：与えると受け手 (Дательный)

ヒントとコツ (1)

💡

The 'To Me' Trick

Whenever you can translate a sentence as 'To me it is...' (like 'To me it's cold' or 'To me it's 20 years'), you probably need the Dative case.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の与格：与えると受け手 (Дательный)

重要な語彙 (6)

давать to give помогать to help друг friend мама mom нужно need нравиться to like/please

Real-World Preview

gift

Giving a Gift

Review Summary

  • Noun + -у/-ю (masc/neut) or -е (fem)

よくある間違い

You forgot the Dative ending -у. Nouns must change to show they are the recipient.

Wrong: Я даю подарок друг.
正解: Я даю подарок другу.

Feminine nouns ending in -а change to -е in the Dative case.

Wrong: Я помогаю мама.
正解: Я помогаю маме.

Ensure the verb 'нравиться' matches the object, not the person in the Dative.

Wrong: Мне нравится книга.
正解: Мне нравится книга (This is actually correct, but check gender agreement).

Next Steps

You've mastered a major pillar of Russian grammar. Keep going!

Write a gratitude note to a Russian speaker using the Dative case.

Continue to: Motion Verbs Simplified

クイック練習 (3)

Find and fix the mistake.

Find and fix the mistake:

Я иду к доктор.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я иду к доктору.
The preposition 'к' requires the Dative case, so 'доктор' becomes 'доктору'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の与格：与えると受け手 (Дательный)

Fill in the blank with the correct Dative form of 'друг' (friend).

Я звоню (друг) ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: другу
Masculine nouns ending in a consonant take -у in the Dative case.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の与格：与えると受け手 (Дательный)

Which sentence correctly expresses age?

How do you say 'I am 25'?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Мне двадцать пять лет.
Russian uses the Dative pronoun 'Мне' (to me) to express age.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の与格：与えると受け手 (Дательный)

Score: /3

よくある質問 (2)

It's the case used for the recipient of an action. If you are giving, sending, or telling something to someone, that someone is in the Dative case.
You use the Dative pronoun + нравится. For example, Мне нравится кофе literally means 'To me, coffee is pleasing.'
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Motion Verbs Simplified
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