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B2 noun 11分で読める

begränsning

例文 begränsning 30秒で
解説 begränsning in your Level:
At the A1 level, you don't need to use 'begränsning' very often, but you might see it in simple signs or rules. Think of it as a word for 'stop' or 'limit'. For example, if you see 'Hastighetsbegränsning 50', it means you cannot drive faster than 50 km/h. It is a big word, but it just means there is a rule that says 'only this much'. You might use it to talk about how much time you have or how much money you can spend. It's like a wall that says you cannot go further. In Swedish, many long words are made of smaller words. 'Begränsning' comes from 'gräns', which means 'border'. So, a 'begränsning' is like a border for what you are allowed to do. Even at this early stage, knowing that '-ning' at the end of a word often makes it a noun is very helpful. You can simply remember it as 'a limit'.
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At the A2 level, you can start using 'begränsning' to describe simple rules in your daily life. You might talk about a 'tidsbegränsning' (time limit) when you are doing a test or parking your car. You understand that this word is an 'en-word', so you say 'en begränsning'. You can also use it in the plural: 'begränsningar'. For example, 'Jag har många begränsningar i min budget' (I have many limitations in my budget). This level is about connecting the word to practical situations. You might hear it at the gym when a trainer talks about what you should not do, or at the library regarding how many books you can borrow. It's a useful word for explaining why you can't do something. Instead of just saying 'nej' (no), you can say 'det finns en begränsning' (there is a limitation). This makes your Swedish sound more polite and advanced.
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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'begränsning' in both spoken and written Swedish. You can use it to discuss more abstract concepts, like the limitations of a plan or the restrictions in a contract. You are starting to use compound words more naturally, such as 'åldersbegränsning' (age limit) or 'utrymmesbegränsning' (space limitation). You also understand how to use the word with prepositions like 'av' and 'för'. For example, 'En begränsning av mänskliga rättigheter' (A limitation of human rights). You can describe how you feel using the related adjective 'begränsad' (limited). At this stage, you are also becoming aware of synonyms like 'hinder' and 'restriktion', and you are starting to see the difference between them. 'Begränsning' is your 'go-to' word for any kind of boundary or rule that restricts action.
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At the B2 level, 'begränsning' is a core part of your vocabulary for discussing social, political, and professional issues. You can use it fluently to describe complex constraints. You understand the nuance between 'en begränsning' (a rule-based limit) and 'en inskränkning' (a more formal curtailment of rights). You can write reports or essays where you discuss the 'begränsningar' of a particular study or project. You are also able to use the word in more idiomatic ways, such as 'att arbeta inom vissa begränsningar' (to work within certain limitations). Your pronunciation is clear, and you correctly place the stress on the second syllable: be-GRÄNS-ning. You are also proficient at creating and understanding long compound nouns that include 'begränsning', which is very common in Swedish professional life. You can argue for or against certain 'begränsningar' in society with clear arguments.
At the C1 level, you use 'begränsning' with precision and stylistic variety. You are aware of the subtle connotations it carries in different registers. In legal or academic contexts, you might choose 'inskränkning' or 'förbehåll' for more specificity, but you use 'begränsning' as a powerful general term. You can discuss philosophical limitations, such as the 'begränsningar' of language or human perception. You are comfortable using the word in complex sentence structures, such as 'Trots de uppenbara begränsningarna i materialet lyckades konstnären skapa ett mästerverk' (Despite the obvious limitations in the material, the artist managed to create a masterpiece). You also recognize the word's role in bureaucratic Swedish (myndighetssvenska) and can navigate official documents that detail various 'begränsningar'. You use the word to add a level of sophistication and clarity to your formal communication.
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At the C2 level, your mastery of 'begränsning' is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. You use it to navigate the most complex linguistic landscapes, from legislative texts to high-level philosophical discourse. You understand the historical evolution of the word and its relationship to other Germanic languages. You can use it to express very fine distinctions, such as the difference between an 'extern begränsning' (external limitation) and an 'intern begränsning' (internal limitation) in psychological or systemic contexts. You are also adept at using the word ironically or metaphorically in literature or high-level journalism. For you, 'begränsning' is not just a vocabulary item but a tool for precise conceptual mapping. You can discuss the 'ontologiska begränsningar' (ontological limitations) of a theory or the 'konstitutionella begränsningarna' (constitutional limitations) of a government's power with ease and authority.
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例文

begränsning 30秒で

  • Begränsning means limitation or restriction in Swedish.
  • It is an 'en' noun (en begränsning) and is common in formal contexts.
  • It comes from the word 'gräns' (border) and the verb 'begränsa' (to limit).
  • Common examples include speed limits, budget constraints, and legal restrictions.
The Swedish word begränsning is a noun that translates most directly to 'limitation', 'restriction', or 'constraint' in English. At its core, it refers to a boundary or a rule that defines the extent of something, whether that be physical space, financial resources, or abstract rights. The word is derived from the verb begränsa (to limit), which in turn comes from the noun gräns (border or boundary). In the Swedish mindset, which often values the concept of 'lagom' (just right), understanding where a begränsning lies is essential for maintaining social and professional order.
Core Concept
A 'begränsning' acts as a fence, either literal or metaphorical, that prevents something from expanding beyond a specific point. It is the act of defining the periphery.

Det finns en tydlig begränsning för hur mycket bagage man får ta med på tåget.

This word is ubiquitous in formal documentation, legal texts, and everyday bureaucratic interactions. If you are applying for a permit, you will likely encounter a tidsbegränsning (time limit). If you are driving, you are subject to a hastighetsbegränsning (speed limit). The beauty of the word lies in its versatility; it can describe the tragic limitations of human existence or the mundane restrictions of a data plan.
Etymological Root
The prefix 'be-' is a common Germanic loan from Middle Low German, used to form verbs from nouns or other verbs, often indicating a focus on the object. 'Gräns' means border. Thus, 'begränsning' is the manifestation of the act of 'bordering' something.
In academic writing, researchers often discuss the begränsningar of their studies, acknowledging the factors that might have skewed the results. This transparency is a hallmark of Swedish intellectual culture.

Vi måste acceptera våra fysiska begränsningar när vi blir äldre.

Understanding this word helps learners navigate the nuance between a hard 'stop' and a soft 'boundary'. While a 'stopp' is absolute, a 'begränsning' implies a scope within which one can still operate.
Grammatical Gender
It is an 'en-word' (utrum). 'En begränsning', 'begränsningen', 'begränsningar', 'begränsningarna'. This is vital for adjective agreement, e.g., 'en stor begränsning'.

Budgeten sätter en strikt begränsning för projektets omfattning.

Den nya lagen innebär en begränsning av yttrandefriheten.

Utan en tydlig begränsning kan arbetet fortsätta i all oändlighet.

The word is also central to the concept of 'frihet under ansvar' (freedom under responsibility), where certain limitations are accepted to ensure the freedom of the collective. In summary, 'begränsning' is not just a word for 'no'; it is a word for 'this far and no further', which is a fundamental building block of organized society.
Using begränsning correctly requires an understanding of its noun declensions and how it pairs with prepositions. As an 'en' noun, it follows the standard pattern for nouns ending in '-ning'. The singular indefinite is en begränsning, the singular definite is begränsningen, the plural indefinite is begränsningar, and the plural definite is begränsningarna.
Prepositional Usage
Typically, 'begränsning' is followed by 'av' (of) or 'för' (for). For example, 'en begränsning av makten' (a limitation of power) or 'en begränsning för tillväxt' (a limitation for growth).

Vi ser en betydande begränsning i den nuvarande infrastrukturen.

When discussing rules or laws, you often hear the phrase 'införa en begränsning' (to introduce a restriction). This is a common collocation in political and legal discourse.
Common Verbs
Common verbs that take 'begränsning' as an object include 'innebära' (to imply/mean), 'skapa' (to create), 'ta bort' (to remove), and 'acceptera' (to accept).

De nya reglerna innebär en kraftig begränsning av rörligheten.

In Swedish, compound nouns are very frequent. 'Begränsning' often appears as the second part of a compound word. This is a very efficient way to specify what kind of limitation you are talking about.

Det råder en strikt åldersbegränsning på denna film.

Finns det någon begränsning för hur många gånger man får söka?

In more abstract or philosophical contexts, the plural form is often used to describe the inherent constraints of a situation.

Han kände sig kvävd av samhällets alla begränsningar.

Adjective Modification
Common adjectives used with 'begränsning' include 'naturlig' (natural), 'självvald' (self-chosen), 'teknisk' (technical), and 'ekonomisk' (economic).

Tekniska begränsningar gör att vi inte kan ladda upp filen.

Är detta en tillfällig begränsning eller en permanent regel?

By mastering these patterns, you can express complex ideas about boundaries and rules with the same precision as a native Swedish speaker. Remember that 'begränsning' is the result of the action (the limitation itself), whereas 'begränsande' is the adjective (limiting). Mixing these up is a common learner error.
You will hear begränsning in a wide variety of contexts in Sweden, from the news to the supermarket. One of the most common places is in public transport or traffic announcements. 'Hastighetsbegränsning' (speed limit) is a word every driver knows well. During the winter, you might hear about 'begränsningar i tågtrafiken' (limitations in train traffic) due to snow or technical issues.
In the Media
News reports frequently use 'begränsning' when discussing government policies, environmental regulations, or economic forecasts. For instance, 'begränsningar av koldioxidutsläpp' (limitations of carbon dioxide emissions) is a recurring topic in Swedish climate debate.

Regeringen föreslår en begränsning av vinstuttag i skolan.

In the workplace, 'begränsning' is used in project management. A manager might say, 'Vi har vissa budgetära begränsningar' (We have certain budgetary limitations). It is a professional way to say 'we don't have enough money'. It sounds less blunt than saying 'vi har inga pengar'.
Digital World
In the age of technology, you'll see 'begränsning' in terms of service, data plans, and software. 'Datamängdsbegränsning' (data limit) or 'åtkomstbegränsning' (access restriction) are common terms on websites and apps.

Det finns en begränsning på antalet tecken i meddelandet.

På grund av brandrisk införs en begränsning för grillning i skog och mark.

In health and fitness, personal trainers or doctors might talk about 'fysiska begränsningar' (physical limitations) when discussing an injury or an exercise plan. It’s a respectful way to acknowledge what the body can and cannot do.
Social Context
Swedes might use the word when discussing social norms or 'Jantelagen'. While not always explicitly said, the feeling of a 'begränsning' on one's individual expression to fit into the group is a common cultural theme.

Vi måste se möjligheter istället för begränsningar.

Detta abonnemang har ingen begränsning för surfmängd inom EU.

Kursen har en begränsning på tjugo deltagare.

Hearing the word 'begränsning' often signals a transition to a more serious or technical part of a conversation. It demands attention because it usually involves a rule that must be followed or a reality that must be accepted.
Even for advanced learners, begränsning can be tricky. One of the most frequent errors is confusing it with its root word gräns (border/limit). While they are related, they are not interchangeable. A gräns is the line itself, while a begränsning is the restriction created by that line or a rule. For example, 'Sveriges gräns' (Sweden's border) is correct, but 'Sveriges begränsning' would mean 'Sweden's limitation' (e.g., a lack of resources).
The 'Gräns' vs. 'Begränsning' Pitfall
Use 'gräns' for physical borders or absolute thresholds. Use 'begränsning' for constraints, rules, or the act of limiting something's potential.

Fel: Jag har en gräns av tid. Rätt: Jag har en tidsbegränsning.

Another mistake involves preposition choice. English speakers often want to use 'på' (on) because of 'limit on', but in Swedish, 'av' (of) or 'för' (for) is often more natural depending on the context. Saying 'en begränsning på makt' sounds slightly off; 'en begränsning av makt' is the standard way to express 'a limitation of power'.
The '-ning' vs. '-ande' Confusion
'Begränsning' is the noun (the limitation). 'Begränsande' is the present participle used as an adjective (limiting). Don't say 'Det är en mycket begränsning faktor'; say 'Det är en mycket begränsande faktor'.

Fel: Vi stötte på en begränsning på vägen. Rätt: Vi stötte på ett hinder på vägen.

Learners also struggle with pluralization. Since it's a long word, people sometimes forget to add the '-ar' for the plural. Remember: en begränsning -> många begränsningar.
Compound Word Construction
Swedish loves compounds. A common mistake is writing two separate words like 'hastighets begränsning' instead of the correct 'hastighetsbegränsning'. In Swedish, if it's one concept, it's one word.

Fel: Det finns en ålders begränsning. Rätt: Det finns en åldersbegränsning.

Fel: Jag känner mig begränsning. Rätt: Jag känner mig begränsad (I feel limited).

Finally, be careful with the word 'restriktion'. While similar, 'restriktion' is often more formal or medical (e.g., 'kostrestriktioner'). 'Begränsning' is the broader, more everyday term. By paying attention to these nuances, you will avoid the most common 'begränsningar' in your own Swedish development.
To truly enrich your Swedish vocabulary, it is helpful to look at words that occupy the same semantic space as begränsning. Depending on the context, you might want to use a word that is more specific or carries a different tone.
Inskränkning
This is a slightly more formal synonym, often used when talking about rights or freedoms being 'curtailed'. If the government reduces your right to travel, it is an 'inskränkning av rörelsefriheten'.

Den nya policyn innebär en betydande inskränkning av personalens förmåner.

Restriktion
This word is a direct cognate of 'restriction'. It is frequently used in medical, legal, or official contexts. For example, 'exportrestriktioner' (export restrictions) or 'dietära restriktioner' (dietary restrictions).

Läkaren gav honom strikta restriktioner efter operationen.

Hinder
While 'begränsning' is a boundary, 'hinder' is an obstacle or hurdle. You go around or over a 'hinder', but you stay within a 'begränsning'.
Förbehåll
This means 'reservation' or 'proviso'. It is a type of limitation you place on an agreement. 'Jag accepterar, men med vissa förbehåll' (I accept, but with certain reservations).

Avtalet undertecknades med förbehåll för framtida ändringar.

Vi måste arbeta inom projektets ramar (frames/framework).

Using 'ramar' (frames) is a very common idiomatic way to talk about limitations in a positive or constructive sense. Instead of saying 'we are limited by the budget', you might say 'vi arbetar inom budgetens ramar'. This sounds more professional and focused on the work itself rather than the lack of resources.

Det finns en spärr (block/barrier) för hur mycket man kan ta ut i bankomaten.

'Spärr' is often used for technical or mechanical limitations, like a speed governor on a vehicle or a limit on a credit card. By learning these alternatives, you can choose the word that fits the exact 'flavor' of the limitation you are describing.
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レベル別の例文

1

Det finns en begränsning på 50 km/h.

There is a limit of 50 km/h.

Simple noun usage.

2

Jag har en liten begränsning.

I have a small limitation.

Adjective + noun agreement.

3

Finns det en begränsning?

Is there a limit?

Basic question structure.

4

Här är en begränsning för väskor.

Here is a limit for bags.

Using 'för' for the object affected.

5

Ingen begränsning!

No limit!

Indefinite form.

6

Se begränsningen på skylten.

See the limit on the sign.

Definite singular form.

7

Vi har en tidsbegränsning.

We have a time limit.

Basic compound noun.

8

Det är en bra begränsning.

It is a good limit.

Adjective agreement.

1

Det finns många begränsningar i parken.

There are many restrictions in the park.

Plural indefinite form.

2

Jag förstår inte denna begränsning.

I don't understand this limitation.

Using 'denna' (this).

3

Är det en åldersbegränsning här?

Is there an age limit here?

Common compound noun.

4

Vi måste följa alla begränsningar.

We must follow all limitations.

Plural definite form.

5

Det finns en begränsning för hur mycket du får köpa.

There is a limit on how much you can buy.

Clause introduced by 'för hur mycket'.

6

Han har fysiska begränsningar.

He has physical limitations.

Adjective 'fysiska' in plural.

7

Denna begränsning är ny.

This limitation is new.

Subject-complement agreement.

8

Finns det en begränsning av surfmängden?

Is there a limit on the data amount?

Using 'av' for the limited object.

1

Projektet har vissa ekonomiska begränsningar.

The project has certain economic limitations.

Professional context usage.

2

Vi måste acceptera naturens begränsningar.

We must accept the limitations of nature.

Genitive 'naturens'.

3

Det finns en begränsning i systemet.

There is a limitation in the system.

Preposition 'i' for location/context.

4

De införde en ny begränsning för utsläpp.

They introduced a new restriction for emissions.

Verb 'införde' (introduced).

5

Utan begränsningar blir det kaos.

Without limitations, there will be chaos.

Abstract usage.

6

Hon kände en begränsning i sin frihet.

She felt a limitation in her freedom.

Reflexive possessive 'sin'.

7

Vilka är de tekniska begränsningarna?

What are the technical limitations?

Interrogative 'vilka'.

8

Detta är en begränsning av våra rättigheter.

This is a limitation of our rights.

Formal political context.

1

Budgeten utgör en betydande begränsning för vår forskning.

The budget constitutes a significant limitation for our research.

Formal verb 'utgör'.

2

Vi måste diskutera studiens begränsningar i rapporten.

We must discuss the study's limitations in the report.

Academic context.

3

Det finns en inbyggd begränsning i den här tekniken.

There is a built-in limitation in this technology.

Compound adjective 'inbyggd'.

4

Lagstiftningen sätter en begränsning för marknadskrafterna.

The legislation sets a limit on market forces.

Abstract systemic usage.

5

Kan vi överskrida denna begränsning?

Can we exceed this limitation?

Verb 'överskrida' (to exceed).

6

Det är en självvald begränsning för att spara tid.

It is a self-chosen limitation to save time.

Compound adjective 'självvald'.

7

Begränsningen av resurser tvingar oss att vara kreativa.

The limitation of resources forces us to be creative.

Subject as the cause of action.

8

Det råder en begränsning av yttrandefriheten i landet.

There is a limitation of freedom of speech in the country.

Formal 'det råder' (there exists).

1

Den ontologiska begränsningen är central i hans filosofi.

The ontological limitation is central to his philosophy.

High-level academic terminology.

2

Vi måste problematisera begreppet begränsning i detta sammanhang.

We must problematize the concept of limitation in this context.

Verb 'problematisera'.

3

Begränsningarna i dataunderlaget gör slutsatserna osäkra.

The limitations in the data material make the conclusions uncertain.

Scientific register.

4

Det finns en hårfin begränsning mellan mod och dårskap.

There is a razor-thin limitation between courage and folly.

Metaphorical usage with 'hårfin'.

5

Inskränkningar och begränsningar präglar den nya lagstiftningen.

Restrictions and limitations characterize the new legislation.

Using synonyms for emphasis.

6

Han lyckades vända sina begränsningar till styrkor.

He managed to turn his limitations into strengths.

Idiomatic expression.

7

En god design tar hänsyn till användarens kognitiva begränsningar.

Good design takes into account the user's cognitive limitations.

Psychological/Technical register.

8

Vi konfronteras dagligen med livets existentiella begränsningar.

We are daily confronted with life's existential limitations.

High-level abstract usage.

1

Analysen belyser de strukturella begränsningar som hämmar tillväxten.

The analysis highlights the structural limitations that hinder growth.

Advanced socio-economic register.

2

Att verka inom konstnärliga begränsningar kan ofta främja kreativitet.

Operating within artistic limitations can often promote creativity.

Infinitive phrase as subject.

3

Begränsningens estetik är ett återkommande tema i modernismen.

The aesthetics of limitation is a recurring theme in modernism.

Complex genitive construction.

4

Dessa begränsningar är inte absoluta utan socialt konstruerade.

These limitations are not absolute but socially constructed.

Sociological discourse.

5

Man kan inte bortse från de konstitutionella begränsningarna av monarkens makt.

One cannot ignore the constitutional limitations of the monarch's power.

Legal/Historical register.

6

Detta innebär en de facto begränsning av vår suveränitet.

This implies a de facto limitation of our sovereignty.

Latin loan phrase 'de facto'.

7

Vi måste navigera mellan teknisk innovation och etiska begränsningar.

We must navigate between technical innovation and ethical limitations.

Metaphorical verb 'navigera'.

8

Begränsningen i vår förståelse av universum är fundamental.

The limitation in our understanding of the universe is fundamental.

Philosophical depth.

類義語

Restriktion Inskränkning Förbehåll Spärr Hinder Ram Hämning Modifikation

反対語

Frihet Expansion Möjlighet Obegränsning

よく使う組み合わせ

hastighetsbegränsning
tidsbegränsning
budgetbegränsning
åldersbegränsning
utrymmesbegränsning
införa en begränsning
teknisk begränsning
fysisk begränsning
geografisk begränsning
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