A2 Honorifics & Register 3 min read かんたん

タイ語の依頼を丁寧にする方法

Softening particles turn direct commands into polite requests, making you sound friendly and culturally aware.
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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Use 'khrap' (male) or 'kha' (female) at the end of sentences to turn any statement or request into a polite, soft version.

  • Add 'khrap' (male) or 'kha' (female) to the end of any sentence: 'Gin khao khrap' (I am eating).
  • Use 'noi' to soften a command: 'Kho nam noi khrap' (May I have some water, please?).
  • Use 'dai mai' for polite questions: 'Pai dai mai kha?' (Can we go?).
Sentence + (noi) + (khrap/kha)

Overview

...

Politeness Particle Usage

Gender Particle Usage Example
Male
khrap
All sentences
Sawadee khrap
Female
kha
All sentences
Sawadee kha
Neutral
noi
Softening requests
Kho nam noi

Common Variations

Full Spoken/Text Note
khrap
krap
Commonly dropped 'h'
kha
ka
Commonly dropped 'h'

Meanings

These particles function as social lubricants, transforming direct statements into polite requests or respectful assertions.

1

Politeness Marker

Indicates respect for the listener.

“Sawadee khrap.”

“Sabai dee mai kha?”

2

Softening Request

Reduces the bluntness of a command.

“Pai tee nee noi.”

“Kho nam plao noi.”

Reference Table

Reference table for タイ語の依頼を丁寧にする方法
Particle Gender Function Vibe
ka
Female
Polite ending
Soft/Sweet
krub
Male
Polite ending
Formal/Respectful
na
Neutral
Softens request
Friendly/Suggestive
si
Neutral
Emphasis/Suggestion
Casual
jai
Neutral
Encouragement
Warm
thoe
Casual
Friendly
Close

フォーマル度スペクトル

フォーマル
Kho nam plao khrap.

Kho nam plao khrap. (Ordering in a restaurant)

ニュートラル
Kho nam noi khrap.

Kho nam noi khrap. (Ordering in a restaurant)

カジュアル
Ao nam noi.

Ao nam noi. (Ordering in a restaurant)

スラング
Nam noi.

Nam noi. (Ordering in a restaurant)

The Softening Web

Request

Politeness

  • ka female
  • krub male

Direct vs. Softened

Direct
Pai Go
Softened
Pai na ka Please go

Choosing your Particle

1

Are you female?

YES
Use 'ka'
NO
Use 'krub'
2

Need to soften?

YES
Add 'na'
NO ↓

Particle Categories

👤

Gender

  • • ka
  • • krub
😊

Mood

  • • na
  • • si
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レベル別の例文

1

Sawadee khrap.

Hello.

2

Khob khun kha.

Thank you.

3

Chai khrap.

Yes.

4

Mai chai kha.

No.

1

Kho nam noi khrap.

May I have some water?

2

Pai nai kha?

Where are you going?

3

Gin khao mai khrap?

Have you eaten?

4

Chai dai mai kha?

Is this possible?

1

Chuay phom noi khrap.

Please help me.

2

Mai pen rai kha.

It's okay.

3

Kho thot khrap.

I'm sorry.

4

Pai dai kha.

Yes, we can go.

1

Rop kuan noi khrap.

Sorry to bother you.

2

Mai tong kangwon kha.

Don't worry.

3

Khun chue arai khrap?

What is your name?

4

Yin dee tee dai roo jak kha.

Nice to meet you.

1

Phom kho anuyat khrap.

May I have permission?

2

Kha, dichan khao jai laew.

Yes, I understand now.

3

Chuay check bin noi khrap.

Please check the bill.

4

Mai dai kha, khun tong ro.

No, you must wait.

1

Rop kuan khun chuay pai tee nee noi khrap.

Could you please go to this place?

2

Kha, dichan ja pai.

Yes, I will go.

3

Khob khun mak khrap.

Thank you very much.

4

Mai pen rai kha, yindee.

You're welcome, my pleasure.

間違えやすい

Softening Requests in Thai (`ka`/`krub` & `na`) 対 Khrap/Kha vs Ja

Learners often use 'ja' with everyone.

よくある間違い

✗

Sawadee.

✓

Sawadee khrap/kha.

Missing the particle sounds incomplete.
✗

Pai nai?

✓

Pai nai kha?

Missing the particle in a question is rude.
✗

Kho nam ja.

✓

Kho nam noi khrap.

Using 'ja' for a request to a stranger is inappropriate.
✗

Khrap khrap.

✓

Khrap.

Repeating the particle is redundant.

文型パターン

___ khrap/kha

Kho ___ noi khrap/kha

___ dai mai khrap/kha

Phom/Dichan ___ khrap/kha

Real World Usage

Street food stall constant

Kho pad thai noi khrap.

Taxi very common

Pai Siam noi khrap.

Texting common

Ok krub.

Job interview constant

Dichan chue... kha.

Hotel check-in common

Khob khun khrap.

Asking directions occasional

Pai nai kha?

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💡

The Smile Factor

Thai culture values a smile. Pair these particles with a smile for maximum effect.
⚠️

Don't Overuse

Using a particle after every single word sounds unnatural. Use them at the end of the sentence.
💬

Gender Matters

Always check your gender particle. It’s a key part of Thai social etiquette.

Smart Tips

Always add 'noi khrap/kha' to your order.

Kho nam. → Kho nam noi khrap.

Use 'Rop kuan' + 'noi'.

Chuay noi. → Rop kuan chuay noi khrap.

End with 'khrap/kha'.

Sawadee. → Sawadee khrap.

Use 'krub/ka'.

Ok. → Ok krub.

発音

krap

Khrap

The 'r' is often dropped in casual speech.

ka

Kha

The tone is high and flat.

Question

Pai mai kha? ↑

Rising intonation for questions.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Khrap is for the King (men), Kha is for the Queen (women).

視覚的連想

Imagine a man bowing (khrap) and a woman smiling (kha).

Rhyme

For a polite chat, add khrap or kha to the end of that.

Story

John walked into a shop. He said 'Hello' without a particle. The shopkeeper looked confused. John added 'khrap' and the shopkeeper smiled. Now John always uses particles.

Word Web

khrapkhanoikhomaikhob khun

チャレンジ

Say 'Khob khun khrap/kha' to everyone you interact with for 24 hours.

文化メモ

Particles are used constantly in professional and social settings.

They use 'jao' instead of 'kha'.

They use 'phuean' or other local markers.

These particles evolved from ancient honorifics used in the royal court.

会話のきっかけ

“

Khun chue arai khrap?

“

Pai nai kha?

“

Kho menu noi khrap.

“

Khun thum ngan arai khrap?

日記のテーマ

Write about your day using polite particles.
Describe a restaurant visit.
Write a dialogue with a stranger.
Explain why politeness matters in Thailand.

よくある間違い

Incorrect

正解

Incorrect

正解

Incorrect

正解

Incorrect

正解

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Test Yourself

Fill in the blank with the correct particle (for a female speaker).

Please wait here ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: na ka
na ka is the standard way for females to soften a request.
Which sentence sounds more polite? 選択問題

Choose the best option:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Kin khao na krub.
Adding na krub transforms a command into a polite suggestion.
Find and fix the mistake (assume male speaker). Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Pai ka.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Pai krub.
Male speakers should use krub instead of ka.

Score: /3

練習問題

8 exercises
Add the correct particle.

Sawadee ___

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: khrap
Standard polite greeting.
Which is polite? 選択問題

How to order water?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Kho nam noi khrap.
Includes request and particle.
Fix the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Pai nai ja? (to a stranger)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Pai nai khrap?
Use khrap for strangers.
Order the words. Sentence Building

khrap / noi / Kho / nam

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Kho nam noi khrap.
Correct structure.
True or False? True False Rule

Particles are optional.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
They are essential.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Sawadee. B: ___

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Sawadee khrap.
Polite response.
Select the correct particle. Conjugation Drill

Female speaker: ___

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: kha
Female particle.
Match the word to its usage. Match Pairs

noi -> ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Softener
Noi softens requests.

Score: /8

Practice Bank

3 exercises
Add the correct male polite particle. 穴埋め問題

Chuea chan ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: krub
Fix the tone to be softer. Error Correction

Ao nam. (Make it polite for a female)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ao nam na ka.
Which particle is used for suggestions? 選択問題

Select the correct particle:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: na

Score: /3

よくある質問 (8)

Yes, they are essential for polite Thai.

No, only with close friends.

It's okay, but try to correct it.

Only for requests.

Use full sentences and particles.

Yes, in texts and emails.

Historical social roles.

Practice saying them out loud.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

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In Other Languages

Japanese high

Desu/Masu

Thai particles are gendered.

Spanish low

Usted

Thai uses particles, not conjugation.

French low

Vous

Thai uses particles.

German low

Sie

Thai uses particles.

Chinese low

Nin

Thai uses sentence-final particles.

Arabic low

Honorific titles

Thai uses particles.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Previous
タイ語の命令形をマスターしよう
Next
タイ語の基本命令形（指示動詞）

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