航天 30秒で
- 航天 (hángtiān) is spaceflight and astronautics.
- It covers travel and technology beyond Earth's atmosphere.
- Think rockets, satellites, and exploring space.
- Used in news, science, and discussions about space programs.
- Core Meaning
- The term 航天 (hángtiān) refers to the field of spaceflight and space exploration. It encompasses the engineering, science, and technology involved in designing, building, and operating spacecraft, as well as the activities related to traveling into and operating within outer space.
- Scope
- It covers everything from launching rockets and satellites to human space missions, space stations, and the exploration of other planets. It's a broad term that signifies humanity's endeavor to venture beyond Earth's atmosphere.
- Usage Contexts
- You'll commonly hear 航天 when discussing national space programs, technological advancements in aerospace, scientific discoveries made in space, or the future of space travel. It's often used in news reports, scientific articles, government announcements, and discussions about technological innovation and national prestige.
- Example Sentences
- China's 航天 industry has made significant strides in recent years. The country is investing heavily in 航天 technology for both scientific research and potential resource exploration. The recent manned 航天 mission was a testament to their capabilities.
The development of 航天 is crucial for scientific progress.
We are learning about the history of 航天.
- Etymological Insight
- The character 航 (háng) means 'to navigate' or 'to sail,' while 天 (tiān) means 'sky' or 'heaven.' Together, they literally suggest 'navigating the heavens,' which perfectly captures the essence of space travel.
- Basic Structure
- 航天 is a noun, typically used as the subject or object of a sentence, or as part of a descriptive phrase. It often appears with verbs related to development, research, exploration, and achievement.
- With Verbs of Development and Research
- When discussing the progress or advancements in space technology, you can use verbs like 发展 (fāzhǎn - develop), 研究 (yánjiū - research), or 进步 (jìnbù - progress) with 航天. For example:
中国在航天领域取得了巨大进步。 (Zhōngguó zài hángtiān lǐngyù qǔdéle jùdà jìnbù.) - China has made great progress in the field of spaceflight.
我们正在研究新的航天技术。 (Wǒmen zhèngzài yánjiū xīn de hángtiān jìshù.) - We are researching new spaceflight technologies.
航天事业的发展离不开国家的投入。 (Hángtiān shìyè de fāzhǎn lìbùkāi guójiā de tóurù.) - The development of the spaceflight industry cannot be separated from national investment. - With Verbs of Exploration and Mission
- When talking about actual space missions or exploration, verbs like 探索 (tànsuǒ - explore), 任务 (rènwù - mission), or 飞行 (fēixíng - fly) are common. For instance:
航天员们成功完成了航天任务。 (Hángtiānyuánmen chénggōng wánchéngle hángtiān rènwù.) - The astronauts successfully completed the space mission.
未来的航天探索将更加深入。 (Wèilái de hángtiān tànsuǒ jiāng gèngjiā shēnrù.) - Future space exploration will be more profound.
这架航天飞机准备升空。 (Zhè jià hángtiān fēijī zhǔnbèi shēngkōng.) - This space shuttle is preparing for launch. (Note: 航天飞机 - hángtiān fēijī is 'space shuttle') - As Part of Compound Nouns
- 航天 is frequently used as the first part of compound nouns to specify something related to spaceflight.
航天员 (hángtiān yuán) - astronaut
航天器 (hángtiān qì) - spacecraft
航天工程 (hángtiān gōngchéng) - aerospace engineering
航天技术 (hángtiān jìshù) - spaceflight technology
航天飞机 (hángtiān fēijī) - space shuttle
Example: 航天员是人类探索太空的先锋。 (Hángtiānyuán shì rénlèi tànsuǒ tàikōng de xiānfēng.) - Astronauts are the vanguards of humanity's exploration of space. - In Phrases Indicating Field or Domain
- It's common to see 航天 used with phrases like 领域 (lǐngyù - field) or 产业 (chǎnyè - industry).
这个国家在航天产业方面实力雄厚。 (Zhège guójiā zài hángtiān chǎnyè fāngmiàn shílì xiónghòu.) - This country is strong in the spaceflight industry.
她在航天领域的成就令人瞩目。 (Tā zài hángtiān lǐngyù de chéngjiù lìng rén zhǔmù.) - Her achievements in the aerospace field are remarkable.
The new 航天 museum is very informative.
- News and Media
- When there are significant events in space exploration, such as rocket launches, satellite deployments, or manned space missions, news outlets will extensively use 航天. You'll hear it in reports about national space agencies like CNSA (China National Space Administration), NASA, ESA, or Roscosmos. Headlines often feature phrases like 'China's latest 航天 achievement' or 'new era of 航天 exploration.' This is perhaps the most common place for learners to encounter the word.
- Scientific and Academic Discussions
- In university lectures, scientific conferences, and academic papers related to physics, engineering, astronomy, and aerospace, 航天 is a fundamental term. Discussions about astrophysics, orbital mechanics, spacecraft design, and the challenges of space travel will invariably involve this word. You might hear professors explaining the importance of 航天 research for future technological advancements.
- Government and Policy Announcements
- Government officials and policymakers discussing national priorities, technological development, and international cooperation in space will use 航天. Speeches about investing in future technologies, or international collaborations on space projects, will frequently mention the term. It's often linked to national strategy and economic development.
- Documentaries and Educational Programs
- Educational programs and documentaries focusing on space, astronomy, or the history of technological innovation will use 航天. These programs often aim to inspire younger generations towards STEM fields, and the excitement surrounding 航天 missions is a key part of that. You might hear narrators describing the daring feats of 航天 pioneers.
- Science Fiction and Related Media
- While not strictly academic, Chinese science fiction literature, films, and games that deal with space travel often incorporate the term 航天. It lends an authentic and technical feel to narratives about venturing into the cosmos.
The documentary featured the history of 航天.
He works in the 航天 industry.
- Confusing with General 'Sky' or 'Air' Terms
- Learners might mistakenly use 航天 when referring to the general sky (天空 - tiānkōng) or air travel (航空 - hángkōng). While 航 (háng) is present in both, 航天 specifically denotes activities beyond Earth's atmosphere. 航空 (hángkōng) is about aviation, i.e., travel by airplanes within the atmosphere. For example, saying 'I took a 航天 flight' would be incorrect; it should be a 航空 flight.
- Overuse in Everyday Contexts
- Since 航天 is a specialized term, it's not used for everyday activities. Using it to describe something mundane, like 'my 航天 hobby' when you mean model rockets, or 'a 航天 meal' for a space-themed restaurant, would be inappropriate. The context must clearly relate to outer space exploration or technology.
- Incorrectly Combining Characters
- Sometimes, learners might try to create new words by combining 航天 with unrelated terms, assuming it broadly means 'travel.' For instance, '航天旅游' (hángtiān lǚyóu) might be mistakenly thought to mean space tourism if not used in the correct context. While space tourism is a real concept, the term itself is specific, and simply adding 'tourism' might not always form a standard or recognized phrase without further context or clarification.
- Confusing with 宇航 (yǔháng)
- 宇航 (yǔháng) is another term for spaceflight or astronautics, and it is largely interchangeable with 航天 in many contexts. However, 航天 has become more prevalent in official and broader public discourse, especially in mainland China. While not strictly an error, relying solely on 宇航 might make one's language sound slightly less current or official in certain contexts. It's good to be aware of both.
- Grammatical Misplacement
- As a noun, 航天 needs to be used correctly within sentence structures. For example, incorrectly placing it as an adjective or verb would be a mistake. Ensuring it functions as a subject, object, or part of a noun phrase is key. For instance, 'The 航天 is very advanced' is grammatically awkward; it should be 'The 航天 technology is very advanced' or 'The 航天 program is very advanced.'
He confused 航天 with 航空.
- 航天 (hángtiān) vs. 航空 (hángkōng)
- 航天 (hángtiān): Refers to spaceflight, activities beyond Earth's atmosphere, space exploration, and related technology. It's about going into outer space.
航空 (hángkōng): Refers to aviation, air travel, and aircraft operations within Earth's atmosphere. It's about flying in airplanes.
Usage Comparison:
航天: 航天器 (spacecraft), 航天员 (astronaut).
航空: 航空母舰 (aircraft carrier), 航空管制 (air traffic control), 航空里程 (frequent flyer miles).
Example: 中国在航天和航空领域都有重要发展。 (Zhōngguó zài hángtiān hé hángkōng lǐngyù dōu yǒu zhòngyào fāzhǎn.) - China has important developments in both spaceflight and aviation. - 航天 (hángtiān) vs. 航海 (hánghǎi)
- 航天 (hángtiān): Spaceflight.
航海 (hánghǎi): Navigation at sea, seafaring, maritime voyages.
Usage Comparison:
航天: 航天探索 (space exploration).
航海: 航海日志 (ship's log), 航海学校 (nautical school).
Example: 人类既要发展航天，也要保护海洋，这都是重要的探索领域。 (Rénlèi jì yào fāzhǎn hángtiān, yě yào bǎohù hǎiyáng, zhè dōu shì zhòngyào de tànsuǒ lǐngyù.) - Humanity needs to develop spaceflight and also protect the oceans; these are both important areas of exploration. - 航天 (hángtiān) vs. 宇宙 (yǔzhòu)
- 航天 (hángtiān): The activity, science, and technology of spaceflight and travel beyond Earth's atmosphere.
宇宙 (yǔzhòu): The universe, cosmos; it refers to the entirety of space, time, matter, and energy.
Usage Comparison:
航天: 航天技术 (spaceflight technology), 航天计划 (space program).
宇宙: 宇宙的奥秘 (mysteries of the universe), 宇宙飞船 (spaceship - often used interchangeably with 航天器, but 宇宙 emphasizes the destination).
Example: 航天技术使我们能够探索宇宙。 (Hángtiān jìshù shǐ wǒmen nénggòu tànsuǒ yǔzhòu.) - Spaceflight technology enables us to explore the universe. - 航天 (hángtiān) vs. 空间 (kōngjiān)
- 航天 (hángtiān): Spaceflight, the act of traveling in space.
空间 (kōngjiān): Space, in a general sense; it can refer to physical space, room, or abstract space.
Usage Comparison:
航天: 航天实验 (space experiment).
空间: 空间站 (space station - a place in space), 空间维度 (spatial dimension), 个人空间 (personal space).
Example: 国际空间站是人类在近地空间的重要航天设施。 (Guójì kōngjiānzhàn shì rénlèi zài jìndì kōngjiān de zhòngyào hángtiān shèshī.) - The International Space Station is an important spaceflight facility for humanity in near-Earth space. - 宇航 (yǔháng) vs. 航天 (hángtiān)
- 航天 (hángtiān): Often preferred in mainland China for official contexts, broader public discourse, and technological development.
宇航 (yǔháng): Also means spaceflight or astronautics. It might sound slightly more academic or traditional, but is largely interchangeable.
Usage Comparison:
航天: 航天强国 (space power).
宇航: 宇航学 (astronautics).
Example: 航天和宇航都是指探索宇宙的科学。 (Hángtiān hé yǔháng dōu shì zhǐ tànsuǒ yǔzhòu de kēxué.) - Both hángtiān and yǔháng refer to the science of exploring the universe.
He is studying aerospace engineering, which is related to 航天.
How Formal Is It?
"本国在航天科技领域取得了举世瞩目的成就。"
"他们正在开发一种新的航天器。"
"看！火箭要飞上天了！"
"航天员叔叔阿姨要去太空探险！"
豆知識
The concept of 'navigating the heavens' has ancient roots in Chinese culture, with early astronomers and astrologers charting the stars. However, the modern term 航天 specifically emerged with the advent of rocket technology and space exploration in the 20th century, paralleling similar developments in other languages like 'astronautics' or 'cosmonautics.'
発音ガイド
- Incorrect tone on 'háng' (航): Learners might use a flat or falling tone instead of the required high, rising tone.
- Mispronouncing the 'tiān' (天) tone: The falling-then-rising tone can be tricky; it's not a simple flat or falling tone.
- Confusing with 'hángkōng' (航空) pronunciation: While related, the tones and specific sounds differ slightly.
難易度
CEFR B1 level. The word itself is technical but commonly encountered in news and science contexts. Understanding its nuances requires familiarity with related concepts like space exploration and technology. Recognizing its compound forms is key for comprehension.
CEFR B1 level. Learners should be able to use 航天 correctly in sentences describing space-related activities, technology, or programs. Producing varied and complex sentences might require higher proficiency.
CEFR B1 level. Pronouncing the tones correctly and using the word in appropriate conversational contexts related to space news or interests is achievable at this level.
CEFR B1 level. Recognizing 航天 in spoken Chinese, especially in news reports or documentaries about space, should be manageable. Distinguishing it from similar-sounding words like 航空 requires careful listening.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
次に学ぶ
上級
知っておくべき文法
The use of 的 (de) to form possessives or descriptive phrases.
航天技术 (hángtiān jìshù) - spaceflight technology. Here, '航天' describes '技术'.
Compound nouns formed by combining two or more characters.
航天员 (hángtiān yuán) - astronaut. '航天' (spaceflight) + '员' (person/member).
Using location phrases like 在...里 (zài...lǐ - inside) or 在...上 (zài...shàng - on/above).
航天员在空间站里工作 (Hángtiānyuán zài kōngjiānzhàn lǐ gōngzuò.) - Astronauts work inside the space station.
Using aspect particles like 了 (le) for completed actions or 正在 (zhèngzài) for ongoing actions.
他们已经完成了航天任务 (Tāmen yǐjīng wánchéngle hángtiān rènwù.) - They have already completed the space mission.
Using prepositions like 和 (hé - and) to connect related concepts.
中国在航天和航空领域都有重要发展。(Zhōngguó zài hángtiān hé hángkōng lǐngyù dōu yǒu zhòngyào fāzhǎn.) - China has important developments in both spaceflight and aviation.
レベル別の例文
飞船去太空。
Spaceship goes to space.
星星在天上。
Stars are in the sky.
人去月亮。
People go to the moon.
火箭飞很高。
Rocket flies very high.
太空很远。
Space is very far.
我们看星星。
We look at the stars.
月亮是圆的。
The moon is round.
这是一个飞机。
This is an airplane.
这个火箭要飞到太空。
This rocket will fly to space.
Use '要' (yào) for future action.
宇航员在飞船里工作。
Astronauts work inside the spaceship.
'在...里' (zài...lǐ) indicates location inside.
中国有很多关于航天的新闻。
China has a lot of news about spaceflight.
'关于' (guānyú) means 'about'.
他们正在研究太空技术。
They are researching space technology.
'正在' (zhèngzài) indicates an ongoing action.
这次航天任务非常成功。
This spaceflight mission was very successful.
'这次' (zhè cì) means 'this time'.
月球是离我们最近的星球。
The moon is the closest planet to us.
'最近的' (zuìjìn de) means 'closest'.
我们可以从太空看到地球。
We can see Earth from space.
'从...看到' (cóng...kàndào) means 'see from'.
他们建造了一个新的航天博物馆。
They built a new spaceflight museum.
'建造' (jiànzào) means 'to build'.
中国在航天领域取得了显著的成就。
China has achieved remarkable accomplishments in the field of spaceflight.
'领域' (lǐngyù) means 'field' or 'domain'.
航天技术的发展对于人类探索宇宙至关重要。
The development of spaceflight technology is crucial for humanity's exploration of the universe.
'至关重要' (zhì guān zhòngyào) means 'extremely important'.
这次航天发射任务的目标是部署一颗新的通信卫星。
The objective of this spaceflight launch mission is to deploy a new communication satellite.
'部署' (bùshǔ) means 'to deploy'.
未来的航天探索将更加注重可持续性和国际合作。
Future spaceflight exploration will focus more on sustainability and international cooperation.
'可持续性' (kě chíxù xìng) means 'sustainability'.
航天员在国际空间站进行的科学实验，为我们带来了宝贵的数据。
The scientific experiments conducted by astronauts on the International Space Station have brought us valuable data.
'进行' (jìnxíng) means 'to carry out' or 'to conduct'.
航天工程是一个涉及多学科的复杂领域。
Aerospace engineering is a complex field involving multiple disciplines.
'多学科' (duō xuékē) means 'multidisciplinary'.
我们对火星上的航天探测结果感到非常兴奋。
We are very excited about the results of the space exploration on Mars.
'探测' (tàncè) means 'exploration' or 'detection'.
这家公司致力于开发下一代航天运输系统。
This company is dedicated to developing the next generation of space transportation systems.
'致力于' (zhìlì yú) means 'to be dedicated to'.
随着技术的不断进步，载人航天已经成为可能，并正在逐步拓展其边界。
With continuous technological advancement, manned spaceflight has become possible and is gradually expanding its boundaries.
'载人航天' (zàirén hángtiān) means 'manned spaceflight'.
中国的航天战略不仅着眼于近地轨道活动，还包括深空探测和月球基地的建设。
China's spaceflight strategy not only focuses on near-Earth orbit activities but also includes deep space exploration and the construction of lunar bases.
'深空探测' (shēnkōng tàncè) means 'deep space exploration'.
商业航天公司的兴起为太空探索带来了新的活力和机遇。
The rise of commercial spaceflight companies has brought new vitality and opportunities to space exploration.
'商业航天' (shāngyè hángtiān) means 'commercial spaceflight'.
在评估一项新的航天项目时，必须充分考虑其科学价值、技术可行性以及潜在的经济回报。
When evaluating a new spaceflight project, its scientific value, technical feasibility, and potential economic returns must be fully considered.
'技术可行性' (jìshù kěxíng xìng) means 'technical feasibility'.
航天器在穿越行星际空间时，会面临严峻的辐射和微重力环境挑战。
Spacecraft face severe radiation and microgravity environmental challenges when traversing interplanetary space.
'行星际空间' (xíngxīngjì kōngjiān) means 'interplanetary space'.
对地观测卫星在现代航天体系中扮演着不可或缺的角色，为气象预报、资源管理等提供数据支持。
Earth observation satellites play an indispensable role in modern spaceflight systems, providing data support for weather forecasting, resource management, etc.
'对地观测卫星' (duì dì guāncè wèixīng) means 'Earth observation satellite'.
国际社会正积极探讨建立太空交通管理体系，以规范日益增长的航天活动。
The international community is actively discussing the establishment of a space traffic management system to regulate increasingly growing spaceflight activities.
'太空交通管理体系' (tàikōng jiāotōng guǎnlǐ tǐxì) means 'space traffic management system'.
尽管面临诸多挑战，但航天领域的研究成果对推动科学进步和技术创新具有深远影响。
Despite facing numerous challenges, the research achievements in the field of spaceflight have a profound impact on promoting scientific progress and technological innovation.
'深远影响' (shēnyuǎn yǐngxiǎng) means 'profound impact'.
人类的航天事业，从最初的简单探测到如今复杂的载人任务和深空探索，展现了不懈的求知欲和技术革新能力。
Humanity's spaceflight endeavor, from initial simple probes to today's complex manned missions and deep space exploration, demonstrates relentless curiosity and technological innovation capability.
'不懈的求知欲' (bùxiè de qiúzhī yù) means 'relentless curiosity'.
地缘政治因素对国际航天合作构成了复杂的影响，使得在某些领域达成共识变得尤为困难。
Geopolitical factors exert a complex influence on international spaceflight cooperation, making it particularly difficult to reach consensus in certain areas.
'地缘政治因素' (dìyuán zhèngzhì yīnsù) means 'geopolitical factors'.
未来，人工智能和自主导航技术将极大提升航天器的自主运行能力，从而降低任务风险并拓展探索范围。
In the future, artificial intelligence and autonomous navigation technologies will greatly enhance the autonomous operational capabilities of spacecraft, thereby reducing mission risks and expanding the scope of exploration.
'自主运行能力' (zìzhǔ yùnxíng nénglì) means 'autonomous operational capability'.
对太阳系外行星的搜寻和研究，是当前天文学和航天科学领域最具前沿性的课题之一。
The search for and study of exoplanets is one of the most cutting-edge topics in the fields of astronomy and spaceflight science today.
'太阳系外行星' (tàiyángxì wài xíngxīng) means 'exoplanets'.
全球气候变化的研究高度依赖于持续的对地观测航天任务所提供的数据。
Research on global climate change relies heavily on data provided by continuous Earth observation spaceflight missions.
'全球气候变化' (quánqiú qìhòu biànhuà) means 'global climate change'.
太空资源的开发利用，如小行星采矿，是未来航天产业发展的重要方向，但其技术和法律挑战不容忽视。
The development and utilization of space resources, such as asteroid mining, is an important direction for the future development of the spaceflight industry, but its technical and legal challenges cannot be ignored.
'太空资源开发利用' (tàikōng zīyuán kāifā lìyòng) means 'development and utilization of space resources'.
航天工程的伦理考量，尤其是在涉及地外生命接触或行星改造时，需要审慎的研究和广泛的社会讨论。
Ethical considerations in spaceflight engineering, especially when involving contact with extraterrestrial life or planetary modification, require careful study and broad societal discussion.
'伦理考量' (lúnlǐ kǎoliáng) means 'ethical considerations'.
通过远程操控和先进的机器人技术，人类得以在极端恶劣的航天环境中进行复杂的科学探索。
Through remote control and advanced robotics, humanity is able to conduct complex scientific exploration in extremely harsh spaceflight environments.
'极端恶劣' (jíduān èliè) means 'extremely harsh'.
人类的航天宏图，从仰望星空到迈向星际，是一部关于勇气、智慧与不屈精神的史诗。
Humanity's grand spaceflight vision, from gazing at the stars to venturing into interstellar space, is an epic of courage, wisdom, and indomitable spirit.
'航天宏图' (hángtiān hóngtú) means 'grand spaceflight vision'.
在后冷战时代，国际航天合作的范式正在经历深刻的演变，多极化趋势与商业力量的崛起共同塑造着未来太空格局。
In the post-Cold War era, the paradigm of international spaceflight cooperation is undergoing profound evolution, with multipolar trends and the rise of commercial forces jointly shaping the future space landscape.
'后冷战时代' (hòu lěngzhàn shídài) means 'post-Cold War era'.
对宇宙起源和演化的探究，不仅是基础科学的终极目标，更是驱动航天技术不断突破的根本动力。
The inquiry into the origin and evolution of the universe is not only the ultimate goal of basic science but also the fundamental driving force behind the continuous breakthroughs in spaceflight technology.
'宇宙起源和演化' (yǔzhòu qǐyuán hé yǎnhuà) means 'origin and evolution of the universe'.
太空军事化与航天商业化的双重趋势，对现有的国际空间法体系提出了前所未有的挑战，亟待全球性的法律框架来加以规范。
The dual trends of space militarization and commercialization of spaceflight present unprecedented challenges to the existing international space law system, urgently requiring a global legal framework for regulation.
'太空军事化' (tàikōng jūnshì huà) means 'space militarization'.
随着人类活动范围的扩展，星际尘埃、宇宙射线等潜在威胁对长期航天任务的风险评估提出了更为严苛的要求。
As the scope of human activity expands, potential threats such as interstellar dust and cosmic rays impose more stringent requirements on the risk assessment for long-term spaceflight missions.
'星际尘埃' (xīngjì chén'āi) means 'interstellar dust'.
对地外文明信号的搜寻，即SETI项目，是人类探索自身在宇宙中地位的宏伟航天科学实践。
The search for extraterrestrial intelligence signals, namely the SETI project, is a grand spaceflight scientific endeavor for humanity to explore its place in the universe.
'对地外文明信号的搜寻' (duì dìwài wénmíng xìnhào de sōuxún) means 'search for extraterrestrial intelligence signals'.
航天技术的发展不仅推动了基础科学的边界，也催生了众多衍生技术，深刻地重塑了人类的生产生活方式。
The development of spaceflight technology has not only pushed the boundaries of basic science but also spawned numerous spin-off technologies, profoundly reshaping human ways of production and life.
'衍生技术' (yǎnshēng jìshù) means 'spin-off technologies'.
未来的载人航天将不再局限于近地轨道，而是朝着月球、火星乃至更遥远的星系迈进，这需要全新的推进系统和生命维持技术。
Future manned spaceflight will no longer be confined to near-Earth orbit but will advance towards the Moon, Mars, and even more distant galaxies, requiring entirely new propulsion systems and life support technologies.
'生命维持技术' (shēngmìng wéichí jìshù) means 'life support technology'.
類義語
反対語
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— Spaceflight technology. Refers to the specific technologies and systems used for space missions.
中国的航天技术近年来发展迅速。
— Spaceflight industry or space program. The collective efforts and development in space exploration.
国家大力支持航天事业的发展。
— Space mission. A specific operation or journey undertaken in space.
这次航天任务的目标是探测火星。
— The field of spaceflight/aerospace. The domain of study and practice related to space.
她在航天领域是一位杰出的科学家。
— Manned spaceflight. Space missions that carry human astronauts.
载人航天是中国航天发展的重要里程碑。
— Deep spaceflight. Missions that travel far beyond Earth's orbit.
深空航天将是未来的主要发展方向。
— Commercial spaceflight. Space activities undertaken by private companies.
商业航天的兴起正在改变太空探索的格局。
— Aerospace engineering. The branch of engineering dealing with aircraft and spacecraft.
他正在攻读航天工程的博士学位。
よく混同される語
While both use the character 航 (háng - to fly/navigate), 航空 refers specifically to aviation within Earth's atmosphere (airplanes, air travel), whereas 航天 refers to spaceflight beyond the atmosphere.
天空 simply means 'sky.' 航天 involves activities that go *beyond* the sky into outer space.
Largely synonymous with 航天, referring to spaceflight. 航天 is generally more prevalent in official Chinese discourse today.
間違えやすい
Both words start with the character 航 (háng), meaning 'to fly' or 'to navigate,' and relate to travel through the air or space.
航空 specifically deals with aviation within Earth's atmosphere, such as airplanes and air travel. 航天, on the other hand, refers to spaceflight, the science and technology of travel beyond the atmosphere into outer space. Think of 航空 as 'air travel' and 航天 as 'space travel.'
飞机是航空的产物，而火箭是航天的工具。
航天 is the activity of going into or operating in 太空 (space). The concepts are closely linked.
太空 (tàikōng) is the noun referring to outer space itself – the vast expanse beyond Earth's atmosphere. 航天 (hángtiān) is the noun referring to the *activity*, science, or technology of traveling within or exploring that space. You engage in 航天 to explore 太空.
航天任务的目的是探索太空。
Both words involve the character 天 (tiān - sky/heaven), and 航 (háng) can mean 'to fly.'
天空 (tiānkōng) refers to the sky as we see it from Earth – the atmosphere above us. 航天 (hángtiān) involves going *beyond* the sky, into outer space. So, airplanes operate in the 天空 (sky) using 航空 (aviation), while rockets and spacecraft operate in 航天 (spaceflight).
鸟儿在天空飞翔，而航天器飞向遥远的宇宙。
航天 is the means by which we explore the 宇宙 (universe).
宇宙 (yǔzhòu) is the universe in its entirety – all of space, time, matter, and energy. 航天 (hángtiān) is the human endeavor of traveling into and exploring parts of that universe, particularly through spaceflight. 航天 is the method, and 宇宙 is the vast destination.
航天技术帮助我们了解宇宙的奥秘。
Both 航天 and 宇航 mean spaceflight or astronautics and are often used interchangeably.
While largely synonymous, 航天 has become more prominent and is the preferred term in official and mainstream contexts in mainland China for 'spaceflight' or 'aerospace.' 宇航 can sometimes sound slightly more academic or traditional, but both are understood to refer to the same concept of space exploration and travel.
如今，我们更多地听到关于中国航天事业的报道，而不是宇航。
文型パターン
Subject + [关于 (guānyú) / 在...方面 (zài...fāngmiàn)] + 航天 + Verb/Adjective.
我喜欢关于航天的新闻。
Subject + [正在 (zhèngzài) / 要 (yào)] + Verb + [航天 (as object/part of phrase)].
他们正在研究航天技术。
Subject + 在 + 航天领域/行业/方面 + Verb/Adjective.
中国在航天领域取得了显著成就。
航天 + Noun (e.g., 技术, 员, 器, 任务) + Verb/Adjective.
航天任务非常复杂。
随着 (suízhe) + [Noun Phrase related to 航天] + 的 + [Noun Phrase], + [Consequence/Development].
随着航天技术的进步，人类的探索范围更广了。
Subject + [致力于 (zhìlì yú) / 关注 (guānzhù)] + [Noun Phrase including 航天].
科学家们致力于航天探索。
Noun Phrase (including 航天) + [体现 (tǐxiàn) / 象征 (xiàngzhēng)] + Noun Phrase.
航天事业体现了人类的智慧和勇气。
无论 (wúlùn) + [Condition related to 航天] + 还是 (háishi) + [Another Condition], + [Result].
无论是在近地轨道还是深空，航天活动都面临挑战。
語族
名詞
関連
使い方
High, especially in contexts related to science, technology, news, and national development.
-
Using 航天 for air travel.
→
航空 (hángkōng)
Learners often confuse 航天 (spaceflight) with 航空 (aviation) because both start with 航 (háng). 航天 is for beyond Earth's atmosphere, while 航空 is for within the atmosphere (airplanes).
-
Confusing 'space' (太空) with 'spaceflight' (航天).
→
太空 (tàikōng) for the place, 航天 (hángtiān) for the activity/science.
太空 is the noun for outer space itself. 航天 is the noun for the activity, science, or technology of traveling in or exploring that space. You engage in 航天 to reach and explore 太空.
-
Incorrect tones on 航天 (hángtiān).
→
háng (high, rising tone) tiān (high, falling-then-rising tone).
The tones are crucial for Mandarin. Mispronouncing them can lead to misunderstanding. Practice listening to and imitating native speakers' pronunciation.
-
Using 航天 for general 'sky' related activities.
→
天空 (tiānkōng) or specific terms like 航空 (hángkōng).
航天 means going beyond the sky. If the context is about birds flying, clouds, or airplanes, it's not 航天. It's about venturing into outer space.
-
Treating 航天 as a verb.
→
Use verbs like 发展 (fāzhǎn - develop), 研究 (yánjiū - research), or 探索 (tànsuǒ - explore) with 航天 as the object or part of a phrase.
航天 is primarily a noun. You don't 'hángtiān' something; you 'do' 航天 (e.g., engage in spaceflight) or you 'develop' 航天 technology.
ヒント
Mastering the Tones
The tones for 航天 (hángtiān) are crucial. Practice the 'háng' with a rising tone and 'tiān' with a falling-then-rising tone. Listen to native speakers and mimic them. Incorrect tones can significantly alter the meaning or make the word difficult to understand.
Learn Compound Words
Many useful words are formed by combining 航天 with other characters, such as 航天员 (astronaut), 航天器 (spacecraft), and 航天技术 (spaceflight technology). Learning these compounds will greatly expand your vocabulary related to space.
Visual Association
Picture a powerful rocket (航) blasting off towards the starry heavens (天). This visual link between the characters and the concept of space travel can aid memorization.
Use it in Sentences
Actively try to use 航天 in your own sentences, whether writing or speaking. Create sentences about space missions, technology, or astronauts. This active recall solidifies your understanding and usage.
Listen to Space News
Watch Chinese news reports or documentaries about space exploration. This provides authentic exposure to how 航天 is used in real-world contexts and helps improve your listening comprehension.
Distinguish from Similar Terms
Make sure you understand the difference between 航天 (spaceflight), 航空 (aviation), and 太空 (space). Recognizing these distinctions is vital for accurate communication.
Appreciate its Significance
Understand that 航天 is often linked to national pride and technological advancement in China. This cultural context can help you grasp why the term is frequently discussed and emphasized.
Read About Space Programs
Read articles or books about China's space program (中国航天) or general space exploration. This will expose you to 航天 in a variety of contexts and usage patterns.
Engage with Exercises
Utilize the practice exercises provided, focusing on fill-in-the-blanks, sentence ordering, and translation tasks that involve 航天. Consistent practice is key to mastery.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Think of 'Han Geng' (a Chinese celebrity) flying a 'plane' (天 - tiān, which sounds like 'ten' or 'plane' in a simplified way) to the moon. Or, 'Hang' like hanging in space, and 'Tian' like 'ten' stars you see. The more you hang out in space, the more you see 'ten' stars!
視覚的連想
Imagine a large, powerful rocket (航) ascending into the vast, starry sky (天). The rocket is navigating its way through the heavens.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to explain the difference between 航天 (hángtiān) and 航空 (hángkōng) to someone using only gestures and single words. This forces you to focus on the core concepts.
語源
The term 航天 (hángtiān) is a modern Chinese compound word formed by combining two characters. The character 航 (háng) means 'to navigate,' 'to sail,' or 'to fly.' The character 天 (tiān) means 'sky,' 'heaven,' or 'day.'
元の意味： Literally, 'navigating the heavens' or 'flying in the sky.' This metaphorical meaning evolved to specifically denote travel and activities beyond Earth's atmosphere.
Sino-Tibetan languages (Chinese)文化的な背景
While generally a positive and inspiring topic, discussions about space exploration can sometimes touch upon the immense costs involved and the prioritization of resources. However, the overall sentiment surrounding 航天 in China is one of pride and forward-looking ambition.
In English-speaking countries, terms like 'space exploration,' 'astronautics,' 'aerospace,' and 'spaceflight' are used. The concept is similar, focusing on scientific discovery, technological innovation, and the human drive to explore the unknown.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
News reports about space missions and achievements.
- 航天发射 (hángtiān fāshè)
- 航天成就 (hángtiān chéngjiù)
- 航天计划 (hángtiān jìhuà)
Discussions about science and technology.
- 航天技术 (hángtiān jìshù)
- 航天工程 (hángtiān gōngchéng)
- 航天发展 (hángtiān fāzhǎn)
Educational materials about space and astronomy.
- 航天员 (hángtiān yuán)
- 航天器 (hángtiān qì)
- 太空探索 (tàikōng tànsuǒ)
Government policy and national strategy related to space.
- 航天事业 (hángtiān shìyè)
- 航天强国 (hángtiān qiángguó)
- 国家航天局 (guójiā hángtiān jú)
Science fiction or futuristic discussions.
- 深空航天 (shēnkōng hángtiān)
- 星际航行 (xīngjì hángxíng)
- 未来航天 (wèilái hángtiān)
会話のきっかけ
"Have you heard about China's latest achievements in spaceflight (航天)?"
"What do you find most fascinating about space exploration (航天)?"
"If you could be an astronaut (航天员), where would you want to go?"
"How do you think spaceflight technology (航天技术) will change our lives in the future?"
"What are your thoughts on the development of commercial spaceflight (商业航天)?"
日記のテーマ
Write about a fictional space mission using the term 航天. Describe the spacecraft (航天器) and the astronauts (航天员).
Reflect on the importance of space exploration (航天) for humanity's future. What are the potential benefits and risks?
Imagine you are a scientist working in the field of aerospace engineering (航天工程). Describe a typical day and the challenges you face.
Write a short story about the first human settlement on Mars, incorporating the concept of 航天. What kind of technologies (航天技术) would be needed?
Discuss the role of national pride and international cooperation in the context of spaceflight (航天) programs.
よくある質問
10 問The literal meaning of 航天 (hángtiān) breaks down into 航 (háng), meaning 'to navigate' or 'to sail,' and 天 (tiān), meaning 'sky' or 'heaven.' So, it literally translates to 'navigating the heavens,' which metaphorically represents traveling or operating in outer space.
No, 航天 (hángtiān) is not the same as 'aviation.' Aviation refers to travel within Earth's atmosphere using aircraft like airplanes, and this is called 航空 (hángkōng) in Chinese. 航天 specifically refers to spaceflight, travel beyond Earth's atmosphere.
Examples of 航天 activities include launching rockets, sending satellites into orbit, sending astronauts to space stations, exploring planets like the Moon and Mars with probes and rovers, and developing new spacecraft technologies.
航天员 (hángtiān yuán) are astronauts, people who are trained to travel and work in space. They are the individuals who pilot spacecraft, conduct experiments, and perform various tasks during space missions.
While 航天 (hángtiān) is a significant and widely recognized term, it's not used in casual, everyday conversation about mundane topics. You'll hear it most frequently in news reports, discussions about science and technology, government announcements, or when people express interest in space exploration.
Certainly. A sentence could be: '中国在航天领域取得了举世瞩目的成就。' (Zhōngguó zài hángtiān lǐngyù qǔdéle jǔshì zhǔmù de chéngjiù.) which means 'China has achieved globally recognized accomplishments in the field of spaceflight.'
宇宙 (yǔzhòu) refers to the entire universe, encompassing all of space, time, matter, and energy. 航天 (hángtiān) is the human activity, science, and technology of traveling within or exploring parts of that universe, particularly through spaceflight. Think of 航天 as the means and 宇宙 as the vast destination.
Yes, 航天 (hángtiān) is the core term used when discussing China's space program, its missions, technologies, and achievements. It's a key word in understanding China's advancements in space exploration.
Common phrases include 航天技术 (spaceflight technology), 航天员 (astronaut), 航天器 (spacecraft), 航天任务 (space mission), and 航天领域 (field of spaceflight).
The pronunciation is háng (high, rising tone) tiān (high, falling-then-rising tone). It's important to get the tones correct for clear communication.
自分をテスト 10 問
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
航天 (hángtiān) is the comprehensive term for spaceflight, encompassing the science, technology, and activities involved in exploring and traveling beyond Earth's atmosphere. It's a prominent field in scientific and national development.
- 航天 (hángtiān) is spaceflight and astronautics.
- It covers travel and technology beyond Earth's atmosphere.
- Think rockets, satellites, and exploring space.
- Used in news, science, and discussions about space programs.
Mastering the Tones
The tones for 航天 (hángtiān) are crucial. Practice the 'háng' with a rising tone and 'tiān' with a falling-then-rising tone. Listen to native speakers and mimic them. Incorrect tones can significantly alter the meaning or make the word difficult to understand.
Context is Key
Remember that 航天 is specifically about space beyond Earth's atmosphere. If you're talking about airplanes or the sky, use 航空 (hángkōng) or 天空 (tiānkōng) respectively. Using 航天 in the wrong context can lead to confusion.
Learn Compound Words
Many useful words are formed by combining 航天 with other characters, such as 航天员 (astronaut), 航天器 (spacecraft), and 航天技术 (spaceflight technology). Learning these compounds will greatly expand your vocabulary related to space.
Visual Association
Picture a powerful rocket (航) blasting off towards the starry heavens (天). This visual link between the characters and the concept of space travel can aid memorization.
例文
中国的航天事业在过去十年中取得了巨大进步。
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