A complication is a secondary medical problem that arises during the course of a primary disease.
30秒でわかる単語
- A secondary disease occurring during the course of a primary illness.
- Often used in medical contexts to discuss risks and outcomes.
- Distinguish clearly from sequelae or co-existing conditions.
Overview
- 1概览：并发症（Complication）是医学术语，指在某种疾病的过程中，又出现了另一种与原发病相关的病理现象。这种现象并非原发病直接导致的病症，而是由于病情演变、治疗手段或患者自身体质等多种因素共同作用的结果。例如，糖尿病患者因血糖控制不佳，可能引发视网膜病变或肾病，这些就是糖尿病的并发症。
- 1使用模式：该词通常与“预防”、“治疗”、“引发”、“导致”等动词搭配使用。在临床诊断中，医生会评估患者出现并发症的风险（Risk of complications）。它是一个中性词，主要用于描述客观存在的病理关联，而非对疾病严重程度的主观评价。
常见语境：并发症常出现在医生与患者的沟通、病历记录、医疗新闻报道以及健康科普文章中。例如，在手术前，医生必须告知患者手术可能存在的并发症；在慢性病管理中，医生会强调监测并发症的重要性。
- 1近义词辨析：与“后遗症”（Sequela）不同，“并发症”指在患病过程中同时发生的病理变化，而“后遗症”是指疾病治愈后留下的长期损害。与“合并症”（Comorbidity）的区别在于，合并症是指同时存在且不一定有因果关系的两种疾病，而并发症强调的是因果联系。
例文
医生提醒我们，术后要密切观察是否出现并发症。
everydayThe doctor reminded us to closely monitor for any complications after the surgery.
该药物临床试验中未发现明显的严重并发症。
formalNo significant serious complications were observed in the clinical trial of this drug.
他因为并发症不得不再次住院。
informalHe had to be hospitalized again due to complications.
慢性肾脏病的并发症包括高血压和贫血。
academicComplications of chronic kidney disease include hypertension and anemia.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
急性并发症
acute complications
并发症风险
risk of complications
よく混同される語
Sequelae refer to chronic conditions remaining after the primary disease has been cured or stabilized.
Side effects typically refer to unintended effects of medication, whereas complications relate to the disease process itself.
文法パターン
How to Use It
使い方のコツ
The term '并发症' is formal and primarily used in medical or health-related contexts. It is not used to describe non-medical negative outcomes. Ensure you distinguish it from '副作用' (side effects) and '后遗症' (sequelae).
よくある間違い
Learners often use this word for non-medical situations, like 'complications in a project'. In Chinese, '并发症' is strictly reserved for medical contexts. For project issues, use '复杂情况' or '难题' instead.
Tips
Use with verbs like 'prevent' or 'reduce'
Always pair '并发症' with verbs like '预防' (prevent) or '减少' (reduce) to sound more professional in medical discussions.
Avoid confusing with 'comorbidity'
Do not use '并发症' to describe two unrelated diseases existing at the same time; use '合并症' for that purpose.
Medical transparency in China
In Chinese hospitals, explaining complications is a standard legal requirement to ensure patient trust and medical safety.
語源
The term is a direct translation of the medical concept of 'complication'. It combines the Chinese characters for 'together', 'happen', and 'symptom/disease'.
文化的な背景
In Chinese healthcare culture, family members often take a very active role in monitoring patient symptoms for potential complications. This reflects the collectivist approach to health management in China.
覚え方のコツ
Think of '并' (together) + '发' (happen) + '症' (disease). It literally means 'the disease that happens together with the main one'.
よくある質問
4 問并发症是在患病期间出现的，而受损程度可能随病情变化；后遗症则是疾病治愈或稳定后留下的长期身体损伤。
这是医疗告知义务的一部分，旨在让患者了解手术可能带来的风险，从而做出知情同意的决定。
并非所有并发症都能避免，但通过科学的治疗方案和良好的生活习惯管理，可以显著降低其发生的概率。
是的，感冒如果处理不当，可能引发鼻窦炎、中耳炎或肺炎等并发症。
自分をテスト
如果糖尿病患者不注意饮食，很可能会导致严重的___。
因为糖尿病引发的是由于原发病导致的继发性病理状态，属于并发症。
スコア： /1
Summary
A complication is a secondary medical problem that arises during the course of a primary disease.
- A secondary disease occurring during the course of a primary illness.
- Often used in medical contexts to discuss risks and outcomes.
- Distinguish clearly from sequelae or co-existing conditions.
Use with verbs like 'prevent' or 'reduce'
Always pair '并发症' with verbs like '预防' (prevent) or '减少' (reduce) to sound more professional in medical discussions.
Avoid confusing with 'comorbidity'
Do not use '并发症' to describe two unrelated diseases existing at the same time; use '合并症' for that purpose.
Medical transparency in China
In Chinese hospitals, explaining complications is a standard legal requirement to ensure patient trust and medical safety.
例文
4 / 4医生提醒我们，术后要密切观察是否出现并发症。
The doctor reminded us to closely monitor for any complications after the surgery.
该药物临床试验中未发现明显的严重并发症。
No significant serious complications were observed in the clinical trial of this drug.
他因为并发症不得不再次住院。
He had to be hospitalized again due to complications.
慢性肾脏病的并发症包括高血压和贫血。
Complications of chronic kidney disease include hypertension and anemia.
