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B1 adjective #4,500 よく出る 8分で読める

强制性

qiangzhixing 上位4,500

練習する例文メモとヒント 强制性 30秒で

解説 强制性 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word '强制性' often, but you might see it on signs or in school. Think of it as a very strong 'must.' In English, we might say 'You have to do this.' In Chinese, at this level, you usually use '必须' (bìxū) or '一定要' (yīdìng yào). However, if you see '强制性' on a sign at a park or a school, it means there is a rule you cannot break. For example, '强制性穿校服' means you must wear a school uniform. It is a formal way to say 'no choice.' Just remember that the '性' at the end makes it like a noun, describing the 'must-do' quality of a rule. You don't use it to talk to your friends, only to talk about rules.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to learn about society and rules. '强制性' (qiángzhìxìng) is a word you will see when you read about laws or company rules. It means 'mandatory.' For example, if you have a job, some meetings might be '强制性' (mandatory), while others are '自愿' (zìyuàn - voluntary). You can remember it by looking at the first character '强' (qiáng), which means 'strong' or 'force.' This word is an adjective. You will often see it in the pattern '强制性的 + Noun.' For instance, '强制性的规则' (mandatory rules). It sounds very official. If you use it, people will think your Chinese is very formal and correct. It is mainly used for things like safety rules, school requirements, and government laws.

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At the B1 level, you should be able to distinguish between different types of requirements. '强制性' (qiángzhìxìng) specifically refers to the compulsory nature of a regulation. Unlike '必须' (must), which is an adverb used before a verb, '强制性' is often used with the verb '具有' (jùyǒu - to possess). For example, '这个规定具有强制性' (This regulation is mandatory). This is a common structure in formal writing and news. You will also see it in terms like '强制性认证' (mandatory certification) for products. At this level, you should start using it in your writing when discussing topics like education policy, environmental laws, or workplace safety. It shows you understand the difference between a personal 'must' and a legal 'requirement.'

At the B2 level, you should understand the nuance of '强制性' (qiángzhìxìng) in complex social and legal contexts. It is not just about 'having to do something,' but about the enforceability of a rule. In business and law, '强制性' implies that there are sanctions or penalties for non-compliance. You will encounter this in discussions about '强制性标准' (mandatory standards) versus '推荐性标准' (recommended standards). You should also be aware of its use in sensitive topics, such as '强制性劳动' (forced labor). When expressing opinions on public policy, using '强制性' allows you to discuss the role of the state and the limits of individual freedom. It is a key term for academic Chinese and professional communication in fields like law, HR, and international relations.

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At the C1 level, your mastery of '强制性' (qiángzhìxìng) should include its use in abstract philosophical and legal discourse. You should be able to discuss the '强制性权力' (coercive power) of the state or the '强制性规范' (peremptory norms) in international law (Jus Cogens). At this level, you understand that '强制性' is a neutral descriptor of a system's power to compel action. You can use it to analyze the effectiveness of policies—for example, arguing whether a '非强制性' (non-mandatory) approach like 'nudge theory' is better than '强制性' legislation. You should also be comfortable with related terms like '强制执行' (compulsory execution/enforcement) and '强制性平仓' (forced liquidation) in finance, using them accurately in professional debates and high-level writing.

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At the C2 level, you use '强制性' (qiángzhìxìng) with the precision of a native speaker or a legal professional. You understand its historical development and its role in the lexicon of modern Chinese governance. You can distinguish between '法律强制性' (legal mandatoriness) and '行政强制性' (administrative coerciveness) in the context of the Chinese legal system. You are able to critique the '强制性' of certain social norms and how they intersect with formal law. Your usage reflects an understanding that '强制性' is not just about force, but about the institutionalization of necessity. You can write sophisticated legal briefs, policy analyses, or academic papers where '强制性' is used to define the boundaries of authority and the mechanics of compliance within a complex society.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

强制性 30秒で

强制性 (qiángzhìxìng) means mandatory or compulsory, used to describe rules, laws, or requirements that people must follow without any choice or alternative.
It is a formal word, common in legal, business, and educational contexts, often appearing in the phrase '具有强制性' (to have a mandatory nature).
The word consists of 'force' (强), 'control' (制), and 'nature/suffix' (性), emphasizing the systemic power behind the requirement being discussed.
It differs from 'must' (必须) because it is an adjective or noun, not an adverb, and it describes the policy itself rather than the action.

The term 强制性 (qiángzhìxìng) is a cornerstone of formal Chinese communication, particularly within the realms of law, public policy, and institutional management. At its core, it describes a quality of being compulsory, mandatory, or coercive. While simple words like '必须' (must) indicate necessity, '强制性' elevates the concept to a systemic level, suggesting that the requirement is backed by authority, legal frameworks, or unavoidable consequences. It is composed of three characters: '强' (strong/force), '制' (control/system), and '性' (nature/property), literally translating to the 'nature of forceful control.'

Legal Context: In legal documents, this word defines statutes that are non-negotiable. For instance, '强制性标准' (mandatory standards) are technical requirements that products must meet to be sold legally in China.

这项法律规定具有强制性，所有公民都必须遵守。(This legal provision is mandatory; all citizens must comply.)

You will frequently encounter this word in news reports regarding government mandates, such as health regulations or environmental protocols. It is rarely used in casual conversation between friends unless discussing work policies or school requirements. For example, a student might complain that a specific course has '强制性' attendance, meaning the school leaves no room for choice. Understanding this word helps learners navigate the 'rules of the game' in Chinese society, distinguishing between suggestions and hard requirements.

Educational Context: Refers to '强制性教育' (compulsory education), highlighting the state's requirement for children to attend school.

接种疫苗在某些国家是强制性的。(Vaccination is compulsory in some countries.)

Business Context: Used when discussing '强制性保险' (compulsory insurance) like social security or third-party auto insurance.

公司实行了强制性的加班规定。(The company implemented mandatory overtime regulations.)

这些规定不具备强制性，只是建议。(These regulations are not mandatory; they are just suggestions.)

Using 强制性 effectively requires understanding its grammatical role as an adjective or an abstract noun. In most cases, it functions as an attributive adjective modifying a noun, or it follows the verb '具有' (to have/possess) to describe a policy or rule. Because of its formal tone, it is rarely used alone as a predicate in short, casual sentences like '这是强制性的' (though this is grammatically correct). Instead, it usually pairs with nouns like '措施' (measures), '要求' (requirements), or '规定' (regulations).

Structure: 具有 + 强制性: This is the most common formal way to say something is mandatory. Example: '该条约具有法律强制性' (The treaty has legal binding force/is mandatory under law).

合同的条款具有强制性约束力。(The terms of the contract have mandatory binding force.)

Another common pattern is 强制性 + Noun. This creates a compound noun phrase. For example, '强制性退休' (mandatory retirement) or '强制性检测' (compulsory testing). When using it this way, you are identifying a specific type of action that leaves the participant no choice. It is important to distinguish this from '强迫' (qiǎngpò), which means 'to force someone' in a more personal or physical sense. '强制性' is about the rule itself, whereas '强迫' is about the act of forcing.

Negative Form: 非强制性: To say something is optional or voluntary in a formal way, you can use '非强制性' (fēi qiángzhìxìng). Example: '这是一个非强制性的会议' (This is a non-mandatory meeting).

由于缺乏强制性，很多人选择了忽视。(Due to the lack of mandatoriness, many people chose to ignore it.)

In technical writing, you might see it paired with '执行' (zhíxíng - to execute/implement). For example, '强制性执行' means mandatory enforcement. This phrase emphasizes the power behind the rule. As you progress to higher CEFR levels, you will notice that '强制性' often appears in discussions about human rights, where '强制性劳动' (forced labor) is a critical term. Using the word correctly involves matching its gravitas with the appropriate context.

In daily life in China, you are most likely to encounter 强制性 in institutional settings. If you are an expat living in China, you will see it in the 'Terms and Conditions' of apps, in bank documents, or on signage in public spaces. For instance, during health crises, signs might state that wearing a mask is '强制性要求' (a mandatory requirement). In the workplace, HR manuals will use this word to describe the '强制性假期' (mandatory leave) or social insurance contributions that the company must make on your behalf.

News and Media: News anchors use this word when reporting on new legislation. If the government announces a new waste-sorting law, they will emphasize its '强制性' to signal that fines will be issued for non-compliance.

新闻报道：政府将对垃圾分类实施强制性管理。(News report: The government will implement mandatory management for waste sorting.)

In the academic world, students hear this word regarding their curriculum. '强制性课程' or '必修课' (required courses) are those they cannot opt out of. Similarly, in the financial sector, '强制性平仓' (forced liquidation) is a term used in stock trading when a broker closes a position because the margin has fallen below the required level. This highlights that '强制性' often implies an external force acting upon an individual's assets or choices.

Digital Environment: Software updates are sometimes '强制性更新' (mandatory updates), meaning you cannot use the app until you install the latest version.

这个软件需要进行强制性升级才能继续使用。(This software requires a mandatory upgrade to continue being used.)

One of the most frequent errors English speakers make is confusing 强制性 with the verb 强迫 (qiǎngpò). While both involve force, '强制性' is an attribute of a rule or system, whereas '强迫' is an action. You cannot '强制性' a person; you '强迫' a person. However, a rule can '具有强制性' (possess mandatoriness). Another common slip is using it in overly casual situations. Telling a friend '你来我家是强制性的' (Your coming to my house is mandatory) sounds unnervingly robotic or like a legal threat. In that context, '你一定要来' (You must come) is much more natural.

Mistake: Confusing with '必须' (bìxū): '必须' is an adverb meaning 'must.' '强制性' is a noun/adjective. You can say '你必须去' (You must go), but you cannot say '你强制性去'. You would say '这是强制性的要求' (This is a mandatory requirement).

错误用法：他强制性我吃蔬菜。(Wrong: He mandatory me to eat vegetables.)
正确用法：他强迫我吃蔬菜。(Correct: He forced me to eat vegetables.)

Another nuance is the difference between '强制性' and '义务性' (yìwùxìng). While '强制性' focuses on the external force or law, '义务性' focuses on the duty or responsibility of the individual. For example, '义务教育' (compulsory education) is the standard term for the school system, but '强制性教育' might be used in a legal discussion about the state's power to enforce it. Using '强制性' when you mean 'moral duty' makes you sound cold and authoritarian.

Mistake: Word Order: Learners often forget to use '的' when '强制性' modifies a noun. It should be '强制性的规定' (mandatory regulation), not just '强制性规定' (though the latter is acceptable in very formal titles).

这些措施不具有强制性。(These measures do not have a mandatory nature.)

To master 强制性, you must distinguish it from its synonyms. Each has a specific 'register' or context where it fits best. While '强制性' is formal and legalistic, other words might be more appropriate for social, moral, or practical situations. Below is a comparison of common alternatives.

强制性 vs. 必修 (bìxiū): '必修' is specifically for education. A '必修课' is a required course. While it is '强制性,' you would almost always use '必修' in a school context.
强制性 vs. 义务 (yìwù): '义务' means 'obligation' or 'duty.' It has a slightly more positive or moral connotation. '义务劳动' (voluntary labor/community service) is a duty, whereas '强制劳动' (forced labor) is a punishment or human rights violation.
强制性 vs. 约束力 (yuēshùlì): '约束力' means 'binding force.' A contract has '约束力.' While '强制性' says 'you must do it,' '约束力' says 'you are bound by this agreement.'

对比：
1. 强制性要求 (Mandatory requirement - Law)
2. 必修课程 (Required course - School)
3. 道德义务 (Moral obligation - Ethics)

In informal settings, simply use '非做不可' (fēi zuò bù kě), which means 'must do it no matter what.' This captures the feeling of 'mandatory' without the stiff, legalistic tone of '强制性.' For example, '这个聚会你非来不可' (You absolutely must come to this party).

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The character 强 (qiáng) contains the radical for 'bow' (弓), suggesting that strength was once measured by the ability to draw a powerful weapon. The suffix '-性' is the Chinese equivalent of '-ity' in English words like 'mandatory-ity' (mandatoriness).

発音ガイド

UK tɕʰjɑŋ˧˥ tʂɨ˥˩ ɕjɪŋ˥˩

US tɕʰjɑŋ˧˥ tʂɨ˥˩ ɕjɪŋ˥˩

In Chinese, syllables are generally given equal weight, but the falling tones on 'zhì' and 'xìng' give the word a forceful, punchy ending.

韻が合う語

强 (qiáng) rhymes with: 羊 (yáng), 忙 (máng), 场 (chǎng) 制 (zhì) rhymes with: 志 (zhì), 事 (shì), 日 (rì) 性 (xìng) rhymes with: 定 (dìng), 命 (mìng), 听 (tīng)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'qiang' with a flat tone (tone 1) instead of a rising tone (tone 2).
Failing to aspirate the 'q' sound.
Pronouncing 'zhi' like English 'zee' instead of a retroflex 'j-like' sound.
Mixing up the fourth tone on 'xing' with the first tone.
Treating 'xing' as a separate word instead of a suffix.

難易度

読解 3/5

The characters are common in formal texts, but the concept is abstract.

ライティング 4/5

Requires knowledge of formal sentence structures like '具有...性'.

スピーキング 3/5

Pronunciation is straightforward, but finding the right context to use it is tricky.

リスニング 3/5

Common in news and announcements; easy to identify once learned.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

强 (qiáng) 制 (zhì) 性 (xìng) 必须 (bìxū) 要求 (yāoqiú)

次に学ぶ

约束力 (yuēshùlì) 法律 (fǎlǜ) 政策 (zhèngcè) 规范 (guīfàn) 执行 (zhíxíng)

上級

强制执行 (qiángzhì zhíxíng) 行政强制 (xíngzhèng qiángzhì) 正当程序 (zhèngdāng chéngxù)

知っておくべき文法

The suffix '-性' (-xìng)

Adding '-性' to words like '可能' (possible) creates '可能性' (possibility).

Using '具有' (jùyǒu) for abstract qualities

这种方法具有科学性。(This method is scientific.)

Adjective + 的 + Noun

强制性的要求 (Mandatory requirement).

Prefix '非' (fēi) for negation

非强制性的建议 (Non-mandatory suggestion).

Subject + 是 + Adjective + 的

这项规则是强制性的。(This rule is mandatory.)

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レベル別の例文

学校有强制性的规定。

The school has mandatory regulations.

强制性的 (adjective) + 规定 (noun).

穿校服是强制性的。

Wearing school uniforms is mandatory.

Used as a predicate adjective here.

这不是强制性的。

This is not mandatory.

Negative form using 不是.

强制性教育很重要。

Compulsory education is very important.

Modifying the noun 'education'.

这个会议是强制性的吗？

Is this meeting mandatory?

Question form using 吗.

这里的检查是强制性的。

The inspection here is mandatory.

Describing the nature of the 'inspection'.

法律具有强制性。

Law is mandatory (possesses mandatoriness).

Standard '具有...性' structure.

这是一项强制性任务。

This is a mandatory task.

Measure word '项' used for tasks/rules.

所有员工必须参加强制性培训。

All employees must attend mandatory training.

强制性 modifies the noun 培训.

在公园里，牵狗绳是强制性的。

In the park, using a leash is mandatory.

Locative phrase + subject + adjective.

政府实施了强制性垃圾分类。

The government implemented mandatory waste sorting.

Subject + Verb + Adjective + Noun.

这种保险是强制性的，你必须买。

This insurance is mandatory; you must buy it.

Linking mandatory nature to an action.

有些课程是选修的，有些是强制性的。

Some courses are elective, some are mandatory.

Contrast between 选修 and 强制性.

这个规则没有强制性。

This rule is not mandatory (has no mandatoriness).

Negative '没有' with abstract noun.

强制性要求可能会让人不开心。

Mandatory requirements might make people unhappy.

Using the phrase as a subject.

我们需要遵守强制性标准。

We need to comply with mandatory standards.

Verb 遵守 + Object 强制性标准.

该政策具有法律强制性，不容忽视。

The policy has legal mandatoriness and cannot be ignored.

具有 + [Adjective] + 强制性.

强制性退休制度在某些行业仍然存在。

Mandatory retirement systems still exist in some industries.

Complex noun phrase as subject.

为了安全，这是强制性措施。

For safety, this is a mandatory measure.

Purpose clause + main clause.

公司对加班没有强制性要求。

The company has no mandatory requirements for overtime.

Negative possession of a specific requirement.

强制性捐款引发了社会的广泛讨论。

Mandatory donations sparked widespread social discussion.

Subject (noun phrase) + Verb (sparked).

这种认证是进入市场的强制性门槛。

This certification is a mandatory threshold for entering the market.

Metaphorical use of 'threshold' (门槛).

法律的强制性保证了社会的稳定。

The mandatory nature of law ensures social stability.

Using '强制性' as a noun subject.

非强制性建议往往被人们忽视。

Non-mandatory suggestions are often ignored by people.

Use of the prefix '非' (non-).

国家标准分为强制性标准和推荐性标准。

National standards are divided into mandatory and recommended standards.

Technical classification using 分为.

在特殊情况下，政府可以采取强制性手段。

In special circumstances, the government can take coercive measures.

Adverbial of time/condition + subject + verb + object.

该协议并不具备国际法上的强制性。

The agreement does not possess mandatoriness under international law.

Negative '并不具备' is very formal.

强制性公证是某些房产交易的必要步骤。

Mandatory notarization is a necessary step for some real estate transactions.

Identifying a specific legal procedure.

我们应当区分行政指导与强制性命令。

We should distinguish between administrative guidance and mandatory orders.

Verb 区分 (distinguish) + A 与 B.

强制性储蓄计划旨在保障公民的晚年生活。

Mandatory savings plans aim to protect citizens' lives in their later years.

Subject + 旨在 (aims to) + Purpose.

强制性执行程序已经启动，无法撤回。

The compulsory enforcement procedure has started and cannot be withdrawn.

Focus on the procedural aspect.

这种做法带有某种程度的强制性。

This practice carries a certain degree of coerciveness.

带有...程度的 (carries a degree of...).

法律的强制性不仅体现在惩罚，还体现在威慑。

The mandatoriness of law is reflected not only in punishment but also in deterrence.

不仅...还... (not only... but also...).

强制性规范是维护国际公共秩序的基石。

Peremptory norms are the cornerstone of maintaining international public order.

Academic definition of 'peremptory norms'.

该裁决具有终局性和强制性执行力。

The ruling has finality and mandatory enforceability.

Pairing two abstract nouns ending in '性'.

强制性权力如果缺乏监督，极易导致腐败。

Coercive power, if lacking oversight, easily leads to corruption.

Conditional clause + result clause.

合同法中的强制性条款不得由当事人合意排除。

Mandatory clauses in contract law may not be excluded by the mutual consent of the parties.

Legal terminology: 合意排除 (exclude by consent).

强制性平仓是风险控制中的最后一道防线。

Forced liquidation is the last line of defense in risk control.

Financial context.

社会契约论探讨了国家强制性的合法性来源。

Social contract theory explores the sources of the state's coercive legitimacy.

Philosophical discussion.

强制性医疗措施必须在严格的法律框架下实施。

Compulsory medical measures must be implemented under a strict legal framework.

Subject + 必须在...下实施.

强制性作为法律体系的本质特征，其边界始终是法哲学争论的焦点。

Mandatoriness, as an essential feature of the legal system, its boundaries are always the focus of legal-philosophical debate.

Using the word as an abstract subject of a complex sentence.

论者指出，行政强制性的过度扩张可能侵蚀公民的私权利。

Commentators point out that the over-expansion of administrative coerciveness may erode citizens' private rights.

Use of '论者' (commentators) and '侵蚀' (erode).

该项强制性披露要求旨在解决市场中的信息不对称问题。

This mandatory disclosure requirement aims to address the problem of information asymmetry in the market.

Economic/Legal context regarding 'disclosure' (披露).

强制性规范的效力位阶通常高于任意性规范。

The hierarchy of effect for mandatory norms is usually higher than that of discretionary norms.

Legal theory: 效力位阶 (hierarchy of effect).

由于缺乏强制性约束，该国际公约在实践中沦为一纸空文。

Due to the lack of mandatory constraints, the international convention has become a dead letter in practice.

Idiom: 一纸空文 (a piece of useless paper/dead letter).

强制性劳动在现代文明社会中被视为对基本人权的严重践踏。

Forced labor is viewed in modern civilized society as a serious trample on basic human rights.

Strong vocabulary: 践踏 (trample).

法律的强制性并非单纯的暴力，而是基于程序正义的权威。

The mandatoriness of law is not mere violence, but authority based on procedural justice.

Contrastive structure: 并非...而是... (is not... but is...).

在紧急状态下，强制性征用私人财产必须给予合理补偿。

In a state of emergency, the mandatory expropriation of private property must be accompanied by reasonable compensation.

Legal condition: 紧急状态 (state of emergency).

類義語

义务性必须的命令性法定

反対語

自愿的随意的选修的

よく使う組み合わせ

强制性标准

强制性要求

强制性教育

强制性措施

具有强制性

强制性保险

强制性退休

强制性平仓

强制性规定

强制性认证

よく使うフレーズ

具有法律强制性

— To have legal binding force. Used to describe laws or contracts that must be followed.

这份文件具有法律强制性。

非强制性引导

— Non-mandatory guidance. Used when the government suggests a behavior without forcing it.

政府采取非强制性引导措施。

强制性加班

— Mandatory overtime. A controversial practice where employees are required to work extra hours.

员工们反对强制性加班。

强制性检测

— Mandatory testing. Often used for medical tests or product quality checks.

所有入境人员需接受强制性检测。

强制性拆迁

— Forced demolition/relocation. A sensitive term regarding property and urban development.

该地区严禁非法强制性拆迁。

强制性消费

— Forced spending. Often used in tourism to describe being forced to buy things.

导游不得诱导强制性消费。

强制性隔离

— Mandatory quarantine. Used in public health contexts.

确诊患者需要接受强制性隔离。

强制性指标

— Mandatory targets/quotas. Used in economics or environmental policy.

节能减排是强制性指标。

强制性分配

— Mandatory allocation. Used for resources or jobs in certain systems.

过去，毕业生实行强制性分配。

强制性服役

— Mandatory military service/conscription.

那个国家实行强制性服役制度。

よく混同される語

强制性 vs 强迫 (qiǎngpò)

强迫 is a verb 'to force someone.' 强制性 is an adjective 'mandatory.' You can't say 'He mandatory me.'

强制性 vs 必须 (bìxū)

必须 is an adverb 'must.' 强制性 describes the rule itself. 'You must go' vs 'This is a mandatory trip.'

强制性 vs 义务 (yìwù)

义务 is 'duty.' It has a moral/social connotation, while 强制性 is more about the power of the rule.

慣用句と表現

"强人所难"

— To force someone to do something they are unwilling or unable to do. Relates to the 'force' aspect of 强制性.

你让他现在就去，真是强人所难。

Informal/Idiomatic

"不由分说"

— To not allow any explanation; to act without giving the other person a chance to speak. Describes a mandatory/forceful action.

他不由分说地把我拉走了。

Literary/Descriptive

"先斩后奏"

— To act first and report later. Often used when someone bypasses mandatory procedures.

他这件事做得不对，是先斩后奏。

Common Idiom

"唯命是从"

— To be at someone's beck and call; to obey every order. The result of strict 强制性 authority.

他对老板唯命是从。

Formal/Idiomatic

"令行禁止"

— Orders are carried out and prohibitions are strictly observed. Describes a perfect state of mandatory compliance.

一个好的团队应该做到令行禁止。

Formal/Praise

"逼上梁山"

— To be forced into a desperate action (like the outlaws of the Water Margin). Relates to external pressure.

我是被逼上梁山，才辞职的。

Cultural Idiom

"墨守成规"

— To stick to old rules blindly. Relates to following mandatory rules too strictly without thinking.

我们不能墨守成规，要创新。

Negative/Critical

"雷打不动"

— Unyielding; not to be moved even by a thunderbolt. Describes a rule that is absolutely mandatory and unchangeable.

这是公司雷打不动的规矩。

Informal/Strong

"铁律"

— Iron-clad law. A noun describing something that has absolute 强制性.

物竞天择是自然的铁律。

Literary/Strong

"金科玉律"

— Golden rule and jade precept; infallible law. Describes rules that are seen as mandatory and perfect.

不要把这些话当成金科玉律。

Formal/Idiomatic

間違えやすい

强制性 vs 强制

They look very similar.

强制 is a verb or a prefix (to force). 强制性 is the abstract quality (mandatoriness).

政府强制执行 (Verb) vs 强制性要求 (Adjective).

强制性 vs 硬性

Both mean 'mandatory' or 'rigid.'

硬性 is more colloquial and implies a lack of flexibility. 强制性 is more formal and legalistic.

硬性规定 (Rigid rule) vs 强制性标准 (Mandatory standard).

强制性 vs 必修

Both mean you have to do it.

必修 is strictly for school subjects. 强制性 is for any rule or law.

必修课 (Required course).

强制性 vs 法定

Both relate to laws.

法定 means 'established by law.' 强制性 means 'compulsory.' A holiday is 法定 but not always 强制性 to celebrate.

法定假日 (Legal holiday).

强制性 vs 约束

Both involve restriction.

约束 means to restrain or bind. 强制性 is the nature of the requirement.

自我约束 (Self-restraint).

文型パターン

这是强制性的。

强制性的 + Noun

强制性的规则。

具有强制性

这项法律具有强制性。

具有...强制性

具有法律强制性。

并不具备强制性

该建议并不具备强制性。

强制性作为...的特征

强制性作为法律的本质特征。

非强制性

这只是非强制性的引导。

实行强制性管理

公司实行强制性管理。

語族

名詞

强制 (qiángzhì) - Coercion/Compulsion

强制力 (qiángzhìlì) - Coercive force

强制权 (qiángzhìquán) - Power of compulsion

動詞

强制 (qiángzhì) - To force/compel

强迫 (qiǎngpò) - To force someone to do something

制约 (zhìyuē) - To restrict/constrain

形容詞

强制性的 (qiángzhìxìng de) - Mandatory/Compulsory

强硬的 (qiángyìng de) - Tough/Uncompromising

制式的 (zhìshì de) - Standardized/Uniform

使い方

frequency

Common in news, legal documents, and official workplace communication. Rare in casual daily chat.

よくある間違い

Using '强制性' as a verb. → 使用 '强迫' 或 '强制' 作为动词。
You cannot say '老师强制性我做作业.' You should say '老师强迫我做作业' or '老师强制要求我做作业.'
Forgetting the '性' suffix when describing a rule's nature. → 使用 '具有强制性'。
Saying '法律具有强制' is incomplete. You need the '性' to turn it into the abstract quality 'mandatoriness.'
Confusing '强制性' with '必修' in a general context. → 在教育领域使用 '必修'，其他领域使用 '强制性'。
While a required course is mandatory, calling it a '强制性课' sounds like a legal punishment. Use '必修课' for school.
Using '强制性' for light social suggestions. → 使用 '一定要' 或 '非做不可'。
Telling a friend '你来参加我的派对是强制性的' is too heavy. It sounds like a government decree.
Wrong word order with '具有'. → 具有 + [Adjective] + 强制性。
It's '具有法律强制性,' not '具有强制性的法律' (unless you mean 'a law that is mandatory,' which is redundant).

ヒント

Formal Writing

When writing business emails or academic papers, use '具有强制性' to describe requirements. It sounds much more professional than '必须'.

The '-性' Suffix

Learn other words with '-性' like '可能性' (possibility) and '重要性' (importance) to understand how abstract nouns are formed in Chinese.

Mandatory vs. Voluntary

Always learn '强制性' alongside its opposite '自愿' (zìyuàn) to help you categorize rules in your mind.

News Keywords

This is a high-frequency word in Chinese news (CCTV, etc.). If you hear it, the reporter is talking about a new law or an official mandate.

Avoid Personal Use

Don't use this word in personal relationships. It makes you sound like a robot or a dictator. Stick to '一定要' with friends.

Company Policies

Look for this word in your Chinese employment contract. It will define what is mandatory for you as an employee.

Binding Force

In a legal context, '强制性' specifically refers to the power of the court or the state to make you comply.

Context Clues

If you see '强' and '制' together, even if you forget '性,' you can guess it has something to do with 'force' and 'control.'

Social Harmony

Understand that '强制性' rules in China are often framed as necessary for the harmony and safety of the whole group.

Strong System Nature

Repeat: 'Qiáng (Strong) Zhì (System) Xìng (Nature)' to remember the meaning and the three characters.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'Strong' (强) 'System' (制) having a certain 'Nature' (性). When a system is strong, it doesn't give you a choice—it's mandatory.

視覚的連想

Imagine a giant red 'MUST' stamp being slammed onto a document. The 'force' of the stamp is 强, the 'document/rule' is 制, and the 'quality' of the whole situation is 性.

Word Web

法律 (Law) 规则 (Rule) 必须 (Must) 政府 (Government) 警察 (Police) 惩罚 (Punishment) 标准 (Standard) 合同 (Contract)

チャレンジ

Try to find three things in your daily life that are 强制性 (like paying taxes or wearing a seatbelt) and write them down using the '具有强制性' structure.

語源

The word is a modern compound. '强' (qiáng) originally referred to a strong insect or a powerful bow, evolving to mean strength. '制' (zhì) originally meant to cut cloth to a pattern, evolving to mean control or system. '性' (xìng) is a suffix meaning nature or property.

元の意味： The combination suggests a nature (性) of systemic (制) force (强).

Sino-Tibetan (Chinese). The use of '性' as a suffix for abstract nouns became very common in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, often influenced by Japanese translations of Western legal and scientific terms (Wasei-kango).

文化的な背景

Be careful when using this word regarding labor or medical procedures, as '强制' can imply a lack of human rights in certain political contexts.

In English-speaking cultures, 'mandatory' often triggers a discussion about individual rights and whether the government has the power to compel action. In Chinese, the word is often presented as a neutral necessity for social stability.

The 'Mandatory Education Law of the People's Republic of China' (中华人民共和国义务教育法). Discussions on 'Mandatory National Standards' (GB standards). The concept of 'Forced Labor' in international human rights discourse.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Law and Regulations

法律强制性
强制性条款
强制性执行
强制性标准

Workplace and HR

强制性培训
强制性退休
强制性加班
强制性休假

Education

强制性教育
强制性课程
强制性活动
强制性收费

Public Health

强制性隔离
强制性检测
强制性接种
强制性报告

Finance and Trading

强制性平仓
强制性披露
强制性保险
强制性储蓄

会話のきっかけ

"你觉得在公司里，哪些规定应该是强制性的？"

"你所在的国家实行强制性兵役制度吗？"

"你认为垃圾分类应该是强制性的还是自愿的？"

"在学校里，你最讨厌哪种强制性的活动？"

"你觉得强制性退休制度公平吗？"

日記のテーマ

写一写你对‘强制性教育’的看法。它对社会有什么好处和坏处？

描述一次你不得不遵守某项强制性规定的经历。你当时的感觉如何？

讨论一下在紧急情况下（如疫情），政府是否有权采取强制性措施。

如果世界上没有任何强制性的规则，生活会变成什么样？

分析一下‘强制性消费’在旅游行业中的现象。

よくある質問

10 問

It can be both. As an adjective, it modifies nouns (强制性的规定). As a noun, it refers to the quality of being mandatory (这个规定具有强制性).

Technically yes, but it sounds very strange and overly formal. It's better to say '你一定要来' or '非来不可'.

'强迫' is an action (to force someone), while '强制性' is a property of a rule. You '强迫' a person, but a law has '强制性'.

The most formal way is '非强制性' (fēi qiángzhìxìng). You can also use '自愿的' (voluntary) or '选修的' (elective).

Yes, '义务教育' (Compulsory Education) is the standard term. '强制性教育' is a more descriptive term that emphasizes the state's power to enforce school attendance.

It means 'forced liquidation.' It's when a broker automatically sells your stocks because you don't have enough money in your account to cover risks.

It is a compound: 强 (force) + 制 (system) + 性 (nature). The '-性' suffix is used to create abstract concepts, similar to '-ity' in English.

Usually, it's neutral, but it implies a lack of choice. Even 'mandatory safety rules' are '强制性,' which is positive for safety but restrictive for the individual.

Both are correct. In formal titles or lists, '强制性规定' is common. In full sentences, adding '的' makes it sound more natural as an adjective.

It is generally considered a B1/B2 level word because it is used in more formal, abstract, and societal contexts.

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