保姆 30秒で
- 保姆 (bǎomǔ) refers to a nanny or housekeeper.
- This word is common for domestic help, especially with children.
- It's a practical term for someone hired for home care.
- Often used when discussing family needs or household services.
- Core Meaning
- At its heart, 保姆 (bǎomǔ) signifies a person hired to provide domestic services, most commonly childcare and general household management. Think of it as a professional who steps into a home to assist with its daily running, particularly when children are involved. It's a broad term that can cover various levels of responsibility, from a full-time nanny dedicated to a child's upbringing to a housekeeper who handles cleaning, cooking, and other domestic chores.
- Contexts of Use
- You'll hear 保姆 used in everyday conversations when families discuss their needs for help. For instance, parents might talk about hiring a 保姆 to look after their young children while they are at work. It's also relevant when discussing the service industry, such as agencies that provide domestic workers. In news reports or discussions about social issues, the term might appear when talking about employment for domestic staff or the challenges faced by families in finding reliable help. The word is straightforward and widely understood across different regions of China and in Chinese-speaking communities globally.
- Nuances
- While 保姆 is often associated with female domestic workers, the role itself is gender-neutral in principle, though societal norms often lean towards women filling these positions. The specific duties of a 保姆 can vary significantly based on the employer's needs and the agreement made. Some might only focus on childcare, while others manage the entire household. The term generally implies a professional relationship, distinct from a family member or friend helping out.
我需要一个能照顾孩子的保姆。
这家公司提供专业的保姆服务。
请问，你们有推荐的保姆吗？
- Basic Sentence Structure
- The most straightforward way to use 保姆 is as a noun in a sentence, often as the object of a verb like 'to hire' (请/聘请 qǐng/pìnqǐng), 'to find' (找 zhǎo), or 'to be' (是 shì). It can also be the subject of a sentence when discussing the role itself.
- Examples with Verbs
- When you need help at home, you might say: 我想请一个保姆。(Wǒ xiǎng qǐng yīgè bǎomǔ.) - I want to hire a nanny/housekeeper. Or, if you are actively searching: 我们正在找一个合适的保姆。(Wǒmen zhèngzài zhǎo yīgè héshì de bǎomǔ.) - We are looking for a suitable nanny/housekeeper. The sentence structure is typically Subject + Verb + Object, where '保姆' is the object.
- Describing the Role
- You can also use it to describe the person: 她是一名专业的保姆。(Tā shì yī míng zhuānyè de bǎomǔ.) - She is a professional nanny/housekeeper. Here, '保姆' acts as a predicate noun. You can also add adjectives before it: 这是一个有经验的保姆。(Zhè shì yīgè yǒu jīngyàn de bǎomǔ.) - This is an experienced nanny/housekeeper.
- In Questions
- Questions often involve asking about the availability or quality of a 保姆: 你认识好的保姆吗？(Nǐ rènshi hǎo de bǎomǔ ma?) - Do you know a good nanny/housekeeper? Or about their services: 你们的保姆负责做饭吗？(Nǐmen de bǎomǔ fùzé zuòfàn ma?) - Is your nanny/housekeeper responsible for cooking?
我们雇佣了一位保姆来照顾孩子。
这位保姆很有耐心。
你能推荐一个信得过的保姆吗？
- Family Discussions
- The most common place you'll hear 保姆 is in everyday family conversations. Parents, especially those with young children or demanding careers, frequently discuss hiring or managing a 保姆. You might overhear discussions like, "我们正在考虑请一个保姆，因为我和我丈夫都很忙" (Wǒmen zhèngzài kǎolǜ qǐng yīgè bǎomǔ, yīnwèi wǒ hé wǒ zhàngfū dōu hěn máng - We are considering hiring a nanny because my husband and I are very busy).
- Domestic Service Agencies
- Agencies that specialize in providing domestic help, whether for childcare or housekeeping, will undoubtedly use the term 保姆 extensively. Their advertisements, websites, and staff will refer to the services they offer as "保姆服务" (bǎomǔ fúwù - nanny/housekeeper services). You might see signs like "专业保姆招聘" (Zhuānyè bǎomǔ zhāopìn - Professional Nanny/Housekeeper Recruitment).
- Media and News
- News reports, television dramas, and reality shows that focus on family life, parenting, or social issues might feature the word. For instance, a news segment discussing the rising costs of domestic help might mention, "如今，一个好的保姆的工资相当可观" (Rújīn, yīgè hǎo de bǎomǔ de gōngzī xiāngdāng kěguān - Nowadays, the salary of a good nanny/housekeeper is quite considerable).
- Online Forums and Social Media
- Parents seeking advice or sharing experiences on parenting forums or social media groups will often use 保姆 when discussing childcare arrangements. You might find posts like, "有没有妈妈们分享一下你们保姆的面试经验？" (Yǒu méiyǒu māmāmen fēnxiǎng yīxià nǐmen bǎomǔ de miànshì jīngyàn? - Moms, do you have any experiences to share about interviewing nannies/housekeepers?).
新闻报道了保姆市场的变化。
在育儿论坛上，大家经常讨论如何找到一个好保姆。
这家家政公司专门提供保姆和月嫂服务。
- Confusing with Other Roles
- Learners might sometimes confuse 保姆 with other domestic roles. While 保姆 is a general term, specific roles like 月嫂 (yuèsǎo - postpartum confinement nanny) or 育儿嫂 (yù'érsǎo - child caretaker/nanny) have more specialized meanings. Using 保姆 when a more specific term is appropriate can lead to slight misunderstandings, though it's usually understood in context. For instance, if you need someone specifically for newborn care after birth, 月嫂 is more precise than a general 保姆.
- Gender Stereotyping
- Although the term itself isn't strictly gendered, it is overwhelmingly associated with women in practice. Learners might inadvertently reinforce this stereotype by always using male pronouns or examples when referring to a 保姆, which, while not grammatically incorrect, might not reflect the common perception or reality in many situations. It's important to be aware of this societal tendency.
- Overgeneralization
- Some learners might use 保姆 too broadly for any kind of helper. For example, using it for a cleaner who only comes once a week might be an overgeneralization. While a cleaner could be considered a type of domestic helper, 保姆 usually implies a more regular, often live-in or full-time, presence, especially when childcare is involved. For a cleaner who comes occasionally, terms like 清洁工 (qīngjiégōng - cleaner) might be more fitting.
- Pronunciation Errors
- The tones are crucial for pronunciation. Mispronouncing the tones, especially the third tone in 保 (bǎo) and the third tone in 姆 (mǔ), can alter the meaning or make the word difficult to understand. For example, saying 'báo mǔ' or 'bǎo mú' would be incorrect and sound unnatural.
Mistake: 我需要一个清洁工来照顾我的孩子。
Correct: 我需要一个保姆来照顾我的孩子。
- 保姆 (bǎomǔ) vs. 佣人 (yōngrén)
- 佣人 (yōngrén) is a more general term for a servant or domestic helper. It can encompass a wider range of roles, including cooks, drivers, and general household staff, not necessarily focused on childcare. 保姆 specifically emphasizes childcare and household management. If you need someone to cook and clean but not specifically look after children, 佣人 might be used, or a more specific term like '厨师' (chúshī - cook) or '清洁工' (qīngjiégōng - cleaner).
- 保姆 (bǎomǔ) vs. 帮手 (bāngshǒu)
- 帮手 (bāngshǒu) means 'helper' or 'assistant' and is very general. It can refer to anyone who helps with a task, whether in a home, office, or workshop. While a 保姆 is a type of 帮手, not all 帮手 are 保姆. You might ask a friend to be your 帮手 for moving house, but you wouldn't call them a 保姆.
- 保姆 (bǎomǔ) vs. 月嫂 (yuèsǎo)
- 月嫂 (yuèsǎo) specifically refers to a postpartum confinement nanny, typically hired for one month (月 yuè) after a baby is born. Their duties are highly specialized, focusing on the care of the newborn and the mother, including breastfeeding support, bathing the baby, and ensuring the mother's recovery. A general 保姆 may not have these specialized skills or focus.
- 保姆 (bǎomǔ) vs. 育儿嫂 (yù'érsǎo)
- 育儿嫂 (yù'érsǎo) is a child caretaker or nanny whose primary role is the upbringing and daily care of a child, usually beyond the newborn stage. They are skilled in child development, education, and activities. While a 保姆 might also perform these duties, 育儿嫂 typically implies a professional with more focused expertise in child-rearing and education.
- 保姆 (bǎomǔ) vs. 家政 (jiāzhèng)
- 家政 (jiāzhèng) is a broader term referring to domestic services or household management in general. It can be used as an adjective (家政服务 jiāzhèng fúwù - domestic service) or as a noun referring to the field. A 保姆 is a service provider within the 家政 industry. You might go to a 家政公司 (jiāzhèng gōngsī - domestic service company) to find a 保姆.
Comparison: 佣人 (yōngrén) is a general servant, while 保姆 (bǎomǔ) specifically focuses on childcare and home management.
Comparison: 月嫂 (yuèsǎo) is for postpartum care, whereas 保姆 (bǎomǔ) is a more general childcare provider.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The term 保姆 became more prevalent and standardized in the 20th century as urbanization and changing family structures increased the need for domestic help. Before this, terms like 佣人 (yōngrén - servant) were more common and encompassed a wider range of domestic roles.
発音ガイド
- Tones: The third tone (ǎ) in 'bǎo' and the neutral tone (often pronounced as a light third tone) in 'mǔ' are crucial. Incorrect tones can change the meaning or make it sound unnatural.
- Vowel sounds: Ensuring the 'ǎ' sound is correctly pronounced and the final 'u' sound is clear.
難易度
保姆 is a common word encountered in daily life, news, and media. Understanding its basic meaning and usage is straightforward for A2 learners. Advanced texts might use it in more complex contexts related to social issues or industry trends.
Writing sentences with 保姆 is generally easy, especially for basic requests or descriptions. Producing complex sentences involving industry analysis or nuanced social commentary would be more challenging.
Pronouncing 保姆 correctly, especially the tones, is important. Using it in simple conversation to express needs or describe a situation is manageable. Discussing its broader societal impact would require higher proficiency.
Recognizing 保姆 in spoken Chinese is relatively easy due to its common usage. Understanding its meaning in different contexts, especially when spoken quickly or with regional accents, might require practice.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
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知っておくべき文法
使用量词 '个' (gè) 和 '位' (wèi) 与 '保姆'
一个保姆 (yīgè bǎomǔ) - a nanny. 一位保姆 (yī wèi bǎomǔ) - a nanny (more polite).
形容词修饰 '保姆'
好保姆 (hǎo bǎomǔ - good nanny), 专业的保姆 (zhuānyè de bǎomǔ - professional nanny).
动词 + '保姆'
请保姆 (qǐng bǎomǔ - hire a nanny), 找保姆 (zhǎo bǎomǔ - look for a nanny), 雇佣保姆 (gùyōng bǎomǔ - employ a nanny).
'的' (de) 连接保姆和其职责或所有者
保姆的工作 (bǎomǔ de gōngzuò - nanny's work), 孩子的保姆 (háizi de bǎomǔ - the child's nanny).
表示能力的 '能' (néng) 或 '能够' (nénggòu) 与保姆
这位保姆能照顾孩子。(This nanny can take care of children.)
レベル別の例文
妈妈请了保姆。
Mom hired a nanny.
保姆在照顾宝宝。
The nanny is taking care of the baby.
我们需要一个保姆。
We need a nanny.
保姆做饭很好吃。
The nanny cooks very well.
他是保姆吗？
Is he the nanny?
孩子喜欢保姆。
The child likes the nanny.
保姆打扫房间。
The nanny cleans the room.
保姆几点来？
What time does the nanny come?
我正在寻找一个有经验的保姆来照顾我的两个孩子。
I am looking for an experienced nanny to take care of my two children.
The adjective '有经验的' (yǒu jīngyàn de - experienced) modifies '保姆'.
这位保姆不仅会做饭，还会教孩子们唱歌。
This nanny not only knows how to cook but also teaches the children to sing.
The structure '不仅...还会...' (bùjǐn... hái huì... - not only... but also...) is used to list multiple skills.
请问，你们的保姆服务多少钱一个月？
Excuse me, how much is your nanny service per month?
'保姆服务' (bǎomǔ fúwù) refers to nanny services.
自从有了保姆，我终于可以安心工作了。
Since having a nanny, I can finally work with peace of mind.
'自从...以来' (zìcóng... yǐlái - since...) indicates a time frame.
那个保姆对孩子非常耐心和友善。
That nanny is very patient and kind to the children.
Adjectives like '耐心' (nàixīn - patient) and '友善' (yǒushàn - friendly) describe the nanny's qualities.
我的邻居雇佣了一位来自菲律宾的保姆。
My neighbor hired a nanny from the Philippines.
Specifying the origin of the nanny adds detail.
家庭需要一位能够处理家务和照顾小孩的保姆。
The family needs a nanny who can handle housework and take care of the children.
'能够' (nénggòu - to be able to) indicates capability.
找一个好保姆不容易，需要仔细甄选。
Finding a good nanny is not easy; careful selection is needed.
'甄选' (zhēnxuǎn) means to select or screen carefully.
随着二胎政策的放开，对高素质保姆的需求也随之增加。
With the relaxation of the two-child policy, the demand for high-quality nannies has also increased.
'高素质' (gāo sùzhì - high quality) describes the type of nanny sought.
许多双职工家庭选择聘请住家保姆，以确保孩子得到全天候的照料。
Many dual-income families choose to hire live-in nannies to ensure children receive round-the-clock care.
'住家保姆' (zhùjiā bǎomǔ) refers to a live-in nanny.
在面试保姆时，除了考察其照顾孩子的技能，还要了解其品行是否端正。
When interviewing a nanny, besides assessing their childcare skills, it's also important to understand if their character is upright.
'品行是否端正' (pǐnxíng shìfǒu duānzhèng - whether character is upright) is a key aspect of evaluation.
一些家政公司提供专业的保姆培训课程，以提升从业人员的整体素质。
Some domestic service companies offer professional nanny training courses to improve the overall quality of their employees.
'家政公司' (jiāzhèng gōngsī) are domestic service companies.
这位保姆不仅擅长烹饪，还懂儿童心理学，能有效引导孩子的行为。
This nanny is not only skilled in cooking but also understands child psychology, enabling her to effectively guide children's behavior.
'擅长' (shàncháng - to be good at) and '懂' (dǒng - to understand) highlight her expertise.
虽然保姆的工作辛苦，但她们为许多家庭提供了不可或缺的帮助。
Although a nanny's work is hard, they provide indispensable help to many families.
'不可或缺' (bùkě huò quē - indispensable) emphasizes the importance of their role.
市场上的保姆价格差异很大，主要取决于其经验、技能和服务范围。
The price of nannies in the market varies greatly, mainly depending on their experience, skills, and scope of service.
'价格差异' (jiàgé chāyì - price difference) and '服务范围' (fúwù fànwéi - scope of service) are key factors.
我们与保姆签订了详细的劳动合同，明确了双方的权利和义务。
We signed a detailed labor contract with the nanny, clarifying the rights and obligations of both parties.
'劳动合同' (láodòng hétóng - labor contract) and '权利和义务' (quánlì hé yìwù - rights and obligations) are formal terms.
随着社会经济的发展，传统的家庭结构正在发生变化，对专业保姆的需求日益凸显。
With socio-economic development, traditional family structures are changing, and the demand for professional nannies is becoming increasingly prominent.
'日益凸显' (rìyì tūxiǎn - increasingly prominent) indicates a growing trend.
在雇佣保姆时，除了审查其背景和资质，还应建立良好的沟通机制，以避免潜在的误解。
When hiring a nanny, besides vetting their background and qualifications, a good communication mechanism should be established to avoid potential misunderstandings.
'审查其背景和资质' (shěnchá qí bèijǐng hé zīzhì - vet their background and qualifications) and '沟通机制' (gōutōng jīzhì - communication mechanism) are important aspects.
一些城市出现了专门为高端家庭服务的涉外保姆，她们通常具备多语言能力和跨文化沟通技巧。
Some cities have seen foreign nannies specifically serving high-end families, who usually possess multilingual abilities and cross-cultural communication skills.
'涉外保姆' (shèwài bǎomǔ - foreign nanny) and '跨文化沟通技巧' (kuà wénhuà gōutōng jìqiǎo - cross-cultural communication skills) are key terms.
保姆行业正面临着标准化和规范化发展的挑战，需要建立更完善的行业监管体系。
The nanny industry is facing challenges of standardization and regulated development, requiring the establishment of a more comprehensive industry supervision system.
'标准化和规范化' (biāozhǔnhuà hé guīfànhuà - standardization and regulation) and '行业监管体系' (hángyè jiānguǎn tǐxì - industry supervision system) are formal terms.
现代家庭对保姆的要求已不再局限于基本的照料，更注重其在儿童早期教育和情商培养方面的贡献。
The demands on nannies by modern families are no longer limited to basic care; greater emphasis is placed on their contributions to early childhood education and emotional intelligence development.
'情商培养' (qíngshāng péiyǎng - emotional intelligence development) is a modern focus.
尽管人工智能技术不断发展，但情感陪伴和人性化的关怀仍然是保姆不可替代的价值所在。
Despite the continuous development of artificial intelligence technology, emotional companionship and humanized care remain the irreplaceable value of nannies.
'情感陪伴' (qínggǎn péibàn - emotional companionship) and '人性化的关怀' (rénxìnghuà de guānhuái - humanized care) are distinct from AI.
确保保姆的权益，提供合理的薪酬和工作环境，是构建和谐雇佣关系的基础。
Ensuring nannies' rights and providing reasonable remuneration and working conditions are the foundation for building harmonious employment relationships.
'保姆的权益' (bǎomǔ de quányì - nanny's rights) and '和谐雇佣关系' (héxié gùyōng guānxì - harmonious employment relationship) are key concepts.
随着社会对家庭支持服务的重视，保姆的角色正逐渐从单纯的劳务提供者向家庭教育的辅助者转变。
As society increasingly values family support services, the role of nannies is gradually shifting from mere labor providers to facilitators of family education.
'辅助者' (fǔzhùzhě - facilitator/assistant) indicates a more collaborative role.
在日益复杂的现代家庭构成中，保姆的角色已不再仅仅是提供劳务，更是家庭情感支持的重要补充。
In increasingly complex modern family structures, the role of a nanny is no longer solely about providing labor but is also an important supplement to family emotional support.
'日益复杂' (rìyì fùzá - increasingly complex) and '情感支持的重要补充' (qínggǎn zhīchí de zhòngyào bǔchōng - important supplement to emotional support) highlight the nuanced role.
鉴于保姆行业从业人员流动性大、专业化程度参差不齐的现状，建立健全的职业资格认证和行业协会制度显得尤为关键。
Given the current situation of high turnover and uneven professionalization among nannies, establishing a sound vocational qualification certification and industry association system is particularly crucial.
'流动性大' (liúdòngxìng dà - high mobility/turnover) and '参差不齐' (cēncī bùqí - uneven/disparate) describe the industry's challenges.
现代家庭教育理念的普及，使得对保姆的期望值不断提升，她们不仅要具备生活技能，还要懂得儿童发展规律和教育方法。
The popularization of modern family education concepts has led to continuously rising expectations for nannies; they must not only possess life skills but also understand the laws of child development and educational methods.
'期望值不断提升' (qīwàng zhí bùduàn tíshēng - expectations continuously rising) and '儿童发展规律' (értóng fāzhǎn guīlǜ - laws of child development) indicate evolving requirements.
在一些发达国家，保姆的职业化程度很高，拥有完善的培训体系和法律保障，这为国内保姆行业的发展提供了借鉴。
In some developed countries, the professionalization of nannies is very high, with comprehensive training systems and legal protections, which provides a reference for the development of the domestic nanny industry.
'职业化程度' (zhíyèhuà chéngdù - degree of professionalization) and '法律保障' (fǎlǜ bǎozhàng - legal protection) are key aspects for comparison.
随着科技的进步，智能家居和机器人技术的应用，对传统保姆的职能提出了新的挑战，但也可能催生出人机协作的新模式。
With technological advancements, the application of smart home and robotic technologies poses new challenges to the functions of traditional nannies, but it may also give rise to new models of human-robot collaboration.
'人机协作' (rén jī xiézuò - human-machine collaboration) is a forward-looking concept.
文化差异在跨国雇佣保姆时可能引发一系列问题，包括沟通障碍、价值观念冲突以及对育儿方式的认知差异。
Cultural differences can lead to a series of issues when employing nannies internationally, including communication barriers, value conflicts, and differences in perceptions of parenting styles.
'价值观念冲突' (jiàzhí guānniàn chōngtū - value conflicts) and '育儿方式的认知差异' (yù'ér fāngshì de rènzhī chāyì - differences in perception of parenting styles) are complex issues.
为了提升保姆的社会地位和专业形象，行业协会应积极推动相关法律法规的完善，并加强对从业者的职业道德培训。
To elevate the social status and professional image of nannies, industry associations should actively promote the improvement of relevant laws and regulations and strengthen vocational ethics training for practitioners.
'社会地位' (shèhuì dìwèi - social status) and '职业道德培训' (zhíyè dàodé péixùn - vocational ethics training) are crucial for professional development.
在信息爆炸的时代，甄别关于保姆的信息需要具备批判性思维，警惕虚假宣传和片面之词。
In the era of information explosion, discerning information about nannies requires critical thinking, vigilance against false advertising and biased statements.
'信息爆炸' (xìnxī bàozhà - information explosion) and '批判性思维' (pīpànxìng sīwéi - critical thinking) are essential skills.
保姆行业的演进轨迹，映射出社会经济结构变迁、家庭功能重塑以及个体价值实现的多重维度。
The evolutionary trajectory of the nanny industry reflects multiple dimensions of socio-economic structural changes, family function reshaping, and individual value realization.
'演进轨迹' (yǎnjìn guǐjì - evolutionary trajectory), '结构变迁' (jiégòu biànqiān - structural changes), and '功能重塑' (gōngnéng chóngsù - function reshaping) are highly analytical terms.
面对日益增长的个性化家庭服务需求，保姆的专业素养必须超越传统范畴，融合儿童发展心理学、教育学乃至家庭咨询等多元知识体系。
Facing the growing demand for personalized family services, nannies' professional qualities must transcend traditional boundaries, integrating diverse knowledge systems such as child development psychology, pedagogy, and even family counseling.
'个性化家庭服务需求' (gèxìnghuà jiātíng fúwù xūqiú - personalized family service demand) and '多元知识体系' (duōyuán zhīshì tǐxì - diverse knowledge systems) indicate advanced requirements.
在构建和谐社会的大背景下，如何有效界定和保障保姆的劳动权益，使其在提供专业服务的同时，亦能获得应有的尊重与体面，成为亟待解决的社会议题。
Against the backdrop of building a harmonious society, how to effectively define and protect the labor rights of nannies, ensuring they receive due respect and dignity while providing professional services, has become a pressing social issue.
'界定和保障劳动权益' (jièdìng hé bǎozhàng láodòng quányì - define and protect labor rights) and '亟待解决的社会议题' (jídài jiějué de shèhuì yìtí - pressing social issue) are formal and abstract.
科技赋能下的家庭服务业，预示着保姆角色可能从传统的照料者向智能家居协调员、儿童成长伙伴等多重身份演变。
The family service industry empowered by technology suggests that the role of nannies may evolve from traditional caregivers to multiple identities such as smart home coordinators and child growth partners.
'科技赋能' (kējì fùnéng - technology empowerment) and '多重身份演变' (duōchóng shēnfèn yǎnbiàn - evolution into multiple identities) describe a transformative future.
跨文化语境下，对保姆的评价体系必须超越工具性层面，深入理解其在家庭凝聚力、代际传承及文化适应过程中的微妙作用。
In a cross-cultural context, the evaluation system for nannies must transcend the instrumental level, deeply understanding their subtle roles in family cohesion, intergenerational transmission, and cultural adaptation processes.
'工具性层面' (gōngjùxìng céngmiàn - instrumental level), '家庭凝聚力' (jiātíng níngjùlì - family cohesion), and '代际传承' (dàijì chuánchéng - intergenerational transmission) are sophisticated concepts.
面对全球化浪潮中涌现的多元家庭模式，保姆的专业定位需要不断调整，以适应不同文化背景、经济水平和价值取向的家庭需求。
Facing diverse family models emerging in the wave of globalization, the professional positioning of nannies needs continuous adjustment to adapt to the needs of families with different cultural backgrounds, economic levels, and value orientations.
'多元家庭模式' (duōyuán jiātíng móshì - diverse family models) and '价值取向' (jiàzhí qǔxiàng - value orientations) are advanced sociological terms.
职业伦理的建构对于保姆行业至关重要，它不仅关乎从业者的职业操守，更影响着整个行业的信誉度和可持续发展。
The construction of professional ethics is crucial for the nanny industry; it not only concerns the professional conduct of practitioners but also affects the credibility and sustainable development of the entire industry.
'职业伦理的建构' (zhíyè lúnlǐ de jiàngòu - construction of professional ethics) and '可持续发展' (kěchíxù fāzhǎn - sustainable development) are high-level strategic concepts.
在数字时代，如何利用大数据分析优化保姆资源配置，提升服务匹配效率，同时兼顾用户隐私保护，是行业亟需探索的课题。
In the digital age, how to utilize big data analysis to optimize nanny resource allocation, improve service matching efficiency, while also considering user privacy protection, is a topic the industry urgently needs to explore.
'大数据分析' (dà shùjù fēnxī - big data analysis), '资源配置' (zīyuán pèizhì - resource allocation), and '用户隐私保护' (yònghù yǐnsī bǎohù - user privacy protection) are cutting-edge topics.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— To hire a nanny/housekeeper.
他们需要请一个保姆来照顾孩子，因为他们工作很忙。
— To look for a nanny/housekeeper.
她在网上发布了找保姆的广告。
— A good nanny/housekeeper.
我的邻居找到了一位非常好的保姆。
— A professional nanny/housekeeper.
这家家政公司提供专业的保姆服务。
— A live-in nanny/housekeeper.
他们希望找到一个住家保姆，这样孩子能得到全天候照顾。
— Nanny/housekeeper's salary.
保姆工资的多少取决于她的经验和技能。
— The nanny/housekeeper market.
现在保姆市场竞争很激烈。
— To employ a nanny/housekeeper.
公司为高管聘请了专职保姆。
— Nanny/housekeeper training.
参加保姆培训可以提升专业技能。
— Nanny/housekeeper service.
这家家政公司提供优质的保姆服务。
よく混同される語
佣人 is a broader term for a servant and doesn't specifically imply childcare. 保姆 is more focused on childcare and household management.
帮手 is a general term for 'helper' and can apply to any task, not just domestic work. 保姆 is a specific type of domestic helper.
阿姨 is often used as a polite address for a nanny or housekeeper, but it's not their formal job title. 保姆 is the actual term for the profession.
慣用句と表現
— The basic necessities of life: food, clothing, housing, and transportation. This idiom relates to the comprehensive care a nanny might provide.
保姆的工作包括孩子们的衣食住行。
— To work hard and without complaint. This describes the ideal attitude of a dedicated nanny.
这位保姆工作总是任劳任怨，深受雇主信赖。
— To attend to every detail personally. While a nanny might do this, it can also describe a parent who is very hands-on.
很多父母希望保姆能像自己一样事必躬亲地照顾孩子。
— To take meticulous care of someone; to be attentive to every detail. This is a quality highly valued in a nanny.
这位保姆对孩子照顾得无微不至。
— A heavy responsibility and a long road ahead. This can describe the demanding nature of raising children and the long-term commitment of a nanny.
保姆的工作虽然辛苦，但肩负着任重道远的责任。
— To do one's utmost; to devote all one's energy. This is the desired level of commitment from a nanny.
她对孩子们总是尽心尽力。
— To worry about; to be concerned about. Parents often worry about their children, and a good nanny helps alleviate this concern.
有了保姆，父母就不用那么操心了。
— Wholeheartedly; with all one's heart. This describes the dedication expected from a nanny.
这位保姆全心全意地照顾着孩子们的成长。
— Meticulous; scrupulous. This applies to the carefulness expected in a nanny's work.
她在打扫卫生方面一丝不苟。
— To guide patiently and systematically. This is a key teaching and nurturing skill for a nanny.
保姆循循善诱地教孩子们识字。
間違えやすい
Both refer to domestic help.
佣人 (yōngrén) is a general term for a servant, which could include cooks, cleaners, or drivers. 保姆 (bǎomǔ) specifically refers to a nanny or housekeeper, focusing on childcare and household management. While a 保姆 is a type of 佣人, not all 佣人 are 保姆.
我需要一个<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>保姆</mark>来照顾孩子，而不是一个<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>佣人</mark>，因为我更看重育儿经验。
Both are involved in childcare.
育儿嫂 (yù'érsǎo) is a specialized childcare provider, focusing on child development and education, often for older babies and toddlers. 保姆 (bǎomǔ) is a more general term that can include childcare but also broader household duties. A 育儿嫂 is a type of 保姆 with specialized skills.
这位<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>育儿嫂</mark>懂得很多关于儿童心理学，而一般的<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>保姆</mark>可能主要负责日常照料。
Both manage aspects of a household.
管家 (guǎnjiā) is typically a senior household manager, often overseeing other staff and handling more complex administrative duties. 保姆 (bǎomǔ) usually focuses on direct childcare and specific domestic tasks. A 管家 might manage a team that includes 保姆.
大宅的<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>管家</mark>负责安排所有佣人的工作，而<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>保姆</mark>则专注于孩子的教育。
Both are terms for domestic workers.
家政服务员 (jiāzhèng fúwùyuán) is a formal, overarching term for any domestic service worker, including cleaners, cooks, and nannies. 保姆 (bǎomǔ) is a specific type of 家政服务员 focused on childcare and household management. It's like the difference between 'healthcare worker' (家政服务员) and 'nurse' (保姆).
这家<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>家政公司</mark>招聘<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>家政服务员</mark>，包括<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>保姆</mark>、厨师和清洁工。
Often used interchangeably in informal settings.
阿姨 (āyí) literally means 'aunt' and is a common, polite way to address female domestic helpers, including nannies and housekeepers. It's more of a term of address or a respectful nickname than a formal job title. 保姆 (bǎomǔ) is the actual profession. You might call your 保姆 '阿姨', but '阿姨' doesn't always mean '保姆' (e.g., your actual aunt is also called 阿姨).
我叫我的<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>保姆</mark>‘<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>阿姨</mark>', 因为这样更亲切。
文型パターン
Subject + 请 + 保姆。
妈妈请保姆。
Subject + 在 + 照顾 + 孩子。
保姆在照顾孩子。
Subject + 正在 + 找 + [Adjective] + 保姆。
我正在找一位有经验的保姆。
Subject + [Verb] + [Description] + 的 + 保姆。
她是一位很棒的保姆。
自从 + [Event] + 以来, + Subject + [Benefit]。
自从有了保姆，我终于可以安心工作了。
Subject + [Verb] + [Object] + 和 + [Object] + 的 + 保姆。
家庭需要一位能够处理家务和照顾小孩的保姆。
随着 + [Trend], + [Demand/Situation] + 增加/凸显。
随着社会经济的发展，对高素质保姆的需求也随之增加。
在 + [Context] + 时, + Subject + [Action] + 并 + [Action]。
在面试保姆时，除了考察技能，还要了解其品行。
語族
名詞
関連
使い方
Very High
-
Pronouncing 'mǔ' with a full third tone instead of a neutral tone.
→
bǎomǔ (with a light, neutral tone on 'mǔ')
The first syllable 'bǎo' has a clear third tone. The second syllable 'mǔ' is a neutral tone, which is shorter and lighter. Over-pronouncing the third tone on 'mǔ' can sound unnatural.
-
Using 保姆 for any kind of domestic worker, including cleaners.
→
Use '清洁工' (qīngjiégōng) for a cleaner, or '保姆' for a nanny/housekeeper.
While a 保姆 does household chores, the term specifically implies childcare and more comprehensive home management. Using it for a person who only cleans might be an overgeneralization. Context matters.
-
Confusing 保姆 with 月嫂 (yuèsǎo).
→
Use '月嫂' for postpartum care, '保姆' for general childcare/housekeeping.
月嫂 has specialized skills for newborn and mother care immediately after birth. 保姆 is a broader term for ongoing childcare and household help.
-
Using the plural form '保姆们' (bǎomǔmen) unnecessarily.
→
保姆 (often without a specific plural marker). Use quantifiers like '几个' (jǐgè - several) if needed.
Chinese nouns generally don't take plural suffixes like '-s' in English. While '保姆们' is grammatically possible, it's often implied by context or quantifiers like '几个保姆' (several nannies).
-
Using the term '佣人' (yōngrén) when specifically referring to a nanny.
→
Use '保姆' when the role involves childcare and home management.
佣人 is a more general term for a servant. 保姆 is more specific to the role of a nanny or housekeeper, especially when children are involved. Using '佣人' might sound less precise or even slightly dated depending on the context.
ヒント
Master the Tones
Pay close attention to the tones: bǎo (3rd tone) and mǔ (neutral tone). Incorrect tones can significantly alter the word or make it sound unnatural. Practice saying it aloud.
Respect the Profession
保姆 play a crucial role in many families. Treat them with respect, clearly define duties and expectations in a contract, and ensure fair compensation and working conditions.
Visual Association
Imagine a shield (保 - protect) guarding a baby (姆 - nurse/mother figure). This visual can help you remember the core meaning of a nanny who protects and cares for children.
Countability and Plurals
保姆 is a countable noun. Chinese doesn't typically use plural endings; instead, quantifiers like '一个' (yīgè - one) or '几个' (jǐgè - several) indicate number. For example, '一个保姆' (one nanny) and '几个保姆' (several nannies).
Expand Your Knowledge
Learn related terms like 家政 (jiāzhèng - domestic service), 佣人 (yōngrén - servant), and 阿姨 (āyí - polite address for female helper) to understand the broader context of domestic work.
Use it in Sentences
Actively try to form sentences using 保姆 in different contexts, such as hiring one, describing their qualities, or discussing their duties. This active recall is key to retention.
Contextual Learning
Watch Chinese TV shows or movies that depict family life. You'll often hear 保姆 used in natural conversations, helping you understand its nuances and common usage.
Modifiers and Verbs
Practice using adjectives before 保姆 (e.g., '好保姆' - good nanny) and verbs with it (e.g., '请保姆' - hire a nanny, '照顾孩子' - take care of children).
Polite Address
In informal settings, it's common and polite to address a nanny or housekeeper as '阿姨' (āyí), even if their professional title is 保姆.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Think of a 'Bǎo' (宝 - treasure) that you need to protect. Who protects your treasure? A 'mǔ' (姆 - mother/nurse) figure. So, a 保姆 is someone who protects your 'treasure' (children/home) like a mother or nurse.
視覚的連想
Imagine a shield (保) protecting a cradle with a baby (姆). The shield signifies protection, and the cradle with a baby represents the nurturing role. Together, they form the image of a nanny or housekeeper.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to describe your ideal 保姆 using at least three adjectives. For example, 'I want a patient, responsible, and loving 保姆.'
語源
The word 保姆 (bǎomǔ) is a modern Chinese term that emerged to describe the profession of a domestic caregiver. It combines characters that convey the essence of protection and nurturing.
元の意味： The character 保 (bǎo) means 'to protect,' 'to guard,' or 'to keep safe.' The character 姆 (mǔ) historically referred to a 'nurse' or a 'female teacher,' particularly one who looked after children. Therefore, 保姆 literally translates to 'protector-nurse' or 'guardian-teacher,' encapsulating the role of safeguarding and nurturing children and managing a household.
Sino-Tibetan languages, specifically Chinese.文化的な背景
While 保姆 is a standard term, it's important to be respectful. Like any profession, the work of a 保姆 is valuable and requires skill, dedication, and trust. Avoid using the term in a condescending or dismissive manner. When discussing domestic help, using specific terms like '育儿嫂' (child caretaker) or '月嫂' (postpartum nanny) might be more appropriate if the role is specialized.
In English-speaking countries, similar roles are referred to as 'nanny,' 'housekeeper,' 'babysitter,' or 'domestic helper.' The term 'nanny' often implies a higher level of professional training and focus on childcare, while 'housekeeper' focuses more on domestic chores. The Chinese term 保姆 can encompass both, depending on the specific agreement.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Family needs and childcare arrangements
- 我需要一个保姆。
- 请问，你们有推荐的保姆吗？
- 保姆负责照顾孩子。
- 自从有了保姆，我轻松多了。
Domestic service agencies and employment
- 这家公司提供保姆服务。
- 保姆的工资是多少？
- 我们需要招聘一位住家保姆。
- 参加保姆培训可以找到好工作。
Discussing household management and chores
- 保姆打扫房间。
- 保姆负责做饭。
- 保姆的工作很辛苦。
- 我们和保姆签了合同。
News and social commentary on domestic help
- 保姆市场需求旺盛。
- 提高保姆的社会地位。
- 保姆的权益需要保障。
- 现在找个好保姆不容易。
Personal experiences and recommendations
- 我有一个非常好的保姆。
- 我的保姆很有耐心。
- 她是我朋友介绍的保姆。
- 这位保姆很专业。
会話のきっかけ
"你觉得请保姆对家庭有什么好处？"
"你对保姆有什么样的期望？"
"你是否听说过关于保姆的有趣故事？"
"你认为一个好的保姆应该具备哪些品质？"
"保姆的职业在社会中扮演着怎样的角色？"
日記のテーマ
描述一下你理想中的保姆会是什么样子，她/他会做些什么？
如果让你来制定一份保姆的雇佣合同，你会包含哪些重要的条款？
你认为现代社会中，保姆的角色和重要性发生了哪些变化？
分享一次你或你认识的人与保姆互动的经历，无论是积极的还是消极的。
探讨一下技术发展（如智能家居、机器人）对保姆行业可能带来的影响。
よくある質問
10 問The character 保 (bǎo) means 'to protect' or 'to guard,' and 姆 (mǔ) refers to a 'nurse' or 'female teacher' (historically). So, 保姆 literally translates to 'protector-nurse' or 'guardian-teacher,' emphasizing the role of safeguarding and nurturing.
While the character 姆 (mǔ) historically implies a female figure, the role of a 保姆 is not strictly gendered. However, in practice and societal perception, the vast majority of 保姆 are women. You might occasionally encounter male nannies or housekeepers, but they are less common.
The duties can vary greatly depending on the employer's needs and the agreement. Common responsibilities include childcare (feeding, bathing, playing, educating), light housekeeping (cleaning, laundry, tidying), and sometimes meal preparation. Some may also assist with errands or elder care.
A 月嫂 (yuèsǎo) is a specialized postpartum confinement nanny, hired typically for one month after a baby's birth. Their focus is on the newborn and the mother's recovery. A 保姆 is a more general caregiver and housekeeper who can work long-term and may not have the specific skills of a 月嫂.
Generally, 保姆's duties focus on childcare and light household management. For heavy cleaning or specialized tasks, families might hire a separate cleaner (清洁工 - qīngjiégōng) or a more general domestic helper (佣人 - yōngrén) who has broader responsibilities. However, the scope of duties is always subject to the employment agreement.
A 管家 (guǎnjiā) is more like a head housekeeper or steward, often overseeing household operations and other staff. A 保姆 typically focuses more directly on childcare and specific domestic tasks. A 管家 might manage a household that includes one or more 保姆.
Yes, it is quite common, especially for families where both parents work full-time or have very young children. A live-in 保姆 is referred to as a '住家保姆' (zhùjiā bǎomǔ).
You can find a 保姆 through domestic service agencies (家政公司 - jiāzhèng gōngsī), online platforms, or through personal recommendations from friends and family. It's important to thoroughly vet candidates, check references, and have a clear contract.
The employment of domestic workers like 保姆 is governed by labor laws. Employers are expected to provide reasonable working conditions, fair wages, and adhere to labor contracts. There are ongoing efforts to standardize and protect the rights of both employers and employees in this sector.
Yes, '阿姨' is a very common and polite way to refer to or address a nanny or housekeeper in an informal or semi-formal context. It's a friendly term that shows respect.
自分をテスト 74 問
Write a simple sentence about needing a nanny.
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Write a sentence describing what a nanny does.
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Write a sentence about hiring a nanny for your children.
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Write a sentence asking if someone knows a good nanny.
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Write a sentence about the responsibilities of a nanny, including cooking and childcare.
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Write a sentence explaining why a family might hire a live-in nanny.
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Write a sentence discussing the increasing demand for high-quality nannies.
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Write a sentence about the importance of communication when hiring a nanny.
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Write a sentence discussing the evolving role of nannies beyond basic care.
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Write a sentence about the challenges faced by the nanny industry.
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Summary
保姆 (bǎomǔ) is a common noun for a nanny or housekeeper, essential for families needing childcare or domestic support.
- 保姆 (bǎomǔ) refers to a nanny or housekeeper.
- This word is common for domestic help, especially with children.
- It's a practical term for someone hired for home care.
- Often used when discussing family needs or household services.
Context is Key
While 保姆 is a general term, consider if a more specific term like 育儿嫂 (child caretaker) or 月嫂 (postpartum nanny) is more appropriate for specialized roles. For general cleaning, 清洁工 (cleaner) might be better.
Master the Tones
Pay close attention to the tones: bǎo (3rd tone) and mǔ (neutral tone). Incorrect tones can significantly alter the word or make it sound unnatural. Practice saying it aloud.
Respect the Profession
保姆 play a crucial role in many families. Treat them with respect, clearly define duties and expectations in a contract, and ensure fair compensation and working conditions.
Visual Association
Imagine a shield (保 - protect) guarding a baby (姆 - nurse/mother figure). This visual can help you remember the core meaning of a nanny who protects and cares for children.
関連コンテンツ
この単語を他の言語で
familyの関連語
百日宴
A2「百日宴」は、赤ちゃんの生後100日を祝う中国の伝統的な宴会です。
一对
A2対になっている物や、カップル（男女）を数える言葉。
迁就
B2To accommodate; to yield to.
称呼
A2呼び名、呼称。相手との関係性や社会的地位に基づいた適切な呼び方のこと。
住址
A2Address.
认错
A2To admit a mistake.
领养
A2子供やペットを養子にする（領養する）。
收养
B1子供を法的に養子にすること。
养女
A2養女（ようじょ）。血縁関係はないが、法律上の娘として育てられている女性の子ども。
养子
A2養子（ようし）。血縁関係のない親によって育てられている息子のことです。
