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- If I asked you to show me a picture of your mother,
you wouldn't show me a, uh, closeup shot of her elbow.
But you could, and you'd be right.
That would be a photo of her,
but it wouldn't feel right because it's not her face.
That's how important faces are to us.
We're going to see if forcing a facial expression
can change the way we feel.
- Are you comfortable handling dog feces?
Okay.
- And if you remove the ability
to make facial expressions,
will it affect how you perceive emotions in others?
- What? - No.
- How could that--that--no.
- I don't think so.
- And what are we saying by raising an eyebrow?
Do you know?
[electronic music]
♪ ♪
Why does doing this make me look angry?
And why does doing this make me look so happy?
Where does all this stuff come from?
When it comes to interpersonal communication,
it's easy to think that speech dominates,
but yet, we have hairless faces.
That's very unique among mammals
that are easy to see expressions on.
Facial expressions are shared across humanity.
A smile is a smile in any language.
Our faces seem uniquely adapted for communication.
Before we developed language, facial expressions
may have been just as vital in communication
as shouts and grunts.
And we, of course, still use them today.
But when it comes to facial expressions,
it's not just about seeing other people's expressions
and having them see yours.
It's also about seeing your own.
And the fact that our eyes are deep-set
allows us to see our own facial expressions
as we're making them.
If you smile, you can see
your own cheeks rise slightly.
And if you furrow your brow,
it encroaches on the top of your vision.
These things give you instant feedback
on the degree to which you are altering your face
and tell you instantly what sort of expression
you are putting out into the world.
No mirror required.
♪ ♪
Some of the most interesting experiments
on facial expressions have asked, "What comes first?
The emotion or the facial expression?"
Studies have found that if you hold a pencil
between your teeth all day, you will have a better day.
Why? Well, because holding a pencil
between your teeth without your lips touching
is like smiling.
It uses pretty much the same muscles.
Watch.
[muffled] I don't know--
I don't know I'm smiling, but I am.
Conversely, pursing your lips around the pencil
is like frowning.
And studies have found that if someone does that,
they will actually report having a less good day.
Well, we're gonna put that to the test
and find out if the facial contortions you make
can subconsciously affect how you feel.
Studies on how physiology affects mood
go as far back as the 1800s,
with early research carried out by Charles Darwin
and French neurologist Duchenne de Boulogne.
This work has continued into present day
using various techniques to create smiles and frowns.
But studies have been inconsistent
as to whether facial expressions
can influence emotions, so we wanted to see
if we could demonstrate a correlation between the two.
♪ ♪
Hi. - Hi.
- Come on in, guys. Chris, my name is Michael.
Nice to meet you. My name is Michael.
We've recruited 20 volunteers
who think they're taking part in an allergy study.
Today we are testing a new kind of dog food,
and it actually seems to help dogs produce fewer allergens,
so people who are allergic to dogs
might be more comfortable around them.
And we're going to be using these allergen sticks.
Now, the purpose of this stick is to collect saliva
to check the way your body reacts
to possible allergens in the air.
Put it between your teeth like that, okay?
- Mm-hmm. - Okay.
- Half of our participants will be unknowingly forced
into a smile.
Yeah, very simple. - Uh-huh.
- The other half will unwittingly be forced
to use their frown muscles.
Watch. My teeth are together,
and then--hmm.
Got it? both: Mm-hmm.
- We're gonna give the frowners
and the smilers the same two tasks.
Go ahead, and I'll see you guys soon.
Will the people who were forced to frown
rank each task lower than those made to smile?
- Come on in.
- To test their levels of happiness,
our actor, Trin, gave our subjects a task
everybody loves: puppy herding
with lots and lots of puppies.
First up are our smilers.
- They're all wearing little tags.
- Mm-hmm. - So your job is to line them up
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