yaş
yaş 30초 만에
- Yaş means 'age' and is used with possessive suffixes like 'yaşım' to say how old you are.
- It also means 'wet' and is used to describe things like wet clothes or wet ground.
- The compound 'göz yaşı' means 'tear', literally translating to 'eye moisture' or 'eye age'.
- It is a fundamental A1 word essential for basic introductions and describing physical states.
The Azerbaijani word yaş is a fascinating linguistic specimen because it functions as a primary homonym, carrying two distinct meanings that are fundamental to everyday communication. At the A1 level, you will first encounter it as a noun meaning 'age'. In this context, it is used to quantify the duration of time a person, animal, or entity has existed. Unlike English, where we 'are' a certain age, in Azerbaijani, you 'have' an age or 'are in' an age, often requiring the use of possessive suffixes. The second meaning is 'wet' or 'moist', functioning as an adjective to describe physical states of matter, such as laundry that hasn't dried or ground after rainfall.
- Chronological Context
- When referring to age, 'yaş' is the standard term used in official documents, casual introductions, and medical contexts. It is the root for asking someone's age: 'Sənin neçə yaşın var?' (How many ages do you have?).
- Physical State Context
- As an adjective, 'yaş' describes anything saturated with liquid. It is synonymous with 'nəm' (damp) but implies a higher degree of wetness. For example, 'yaş torpaq' (wet soil) or 'yaş əski' (wet rag).
Mənim qardaşımın iyirmi yaşı var, amma o hələ də uşaq kimidir.
Understanding 'yaş' requires a grasp of Azerbaijani's agglutinative nature. When you speak about age, the word 'yaş' almost always takes a possessive suffix (-ım, -ın, -ı, -ımız, -ınız, -ları). This is because age is viewed as a possession of the individual. Furthermore, 'yaş' also appears in the compound noun 'göz yaşı', which literally translates to 'eye age' but actually means 'tear'. This metaphorical link between moisture and the eye is a poetic yet standard way to describe crying in Azerbaijani culture.
Çöldə yağış yağır, ona görə də otlar yaşdır.
In social etiquette, asking 'Sizin neçə yaşınız var?' is common, but like many cultures, it can be sensitive depending on the age and gender of the person you are speaking to. In formal settings, 'yaş' is used in phrases like 'yaş həddi' (age limit), which you might see at cinemas or on job applications. The flexibility of this word makes it one of the top 100 most used nouns in the Azerbaijani language, appearing in songs, poetry, and daily household chores alike.
- Common Collocations
- 'Yaşıl' (green) is often confused with 'yaş' by beginners, but 'yaş' itself is the root for some archaic meanings of freshness. 'Yaş ötmək' means to get older, while 'yaşını gizlətmək' means to hide one's age.
Mastering the use of yaş involves understanding its two grammatical roles: as a possessive noun for age and as a qualifying adjective for wetness. Let's break down the sentence structures for both. When discussing age, Azerbaijani uses a construction that literally translates to 'My [number] age exists'. This requires the genitive case for the person and the possessive suffix for the word 'yaş'.
- The Age Formula
- [Pronoun in Genitive] + [Number] + [Yaş + Possessive Suffix] + [Var/Yox]. Example: 'Onun otuz yaşı var' (He/She has thirty years/is thirty years old).
Bu bina çox qədimdir, onun yüz ildən çox yaşı var.
When 'yaş' means wet, it precedes the noun it modifies or acts as the predicate. In the sentence 'Yaş paltarları as' (Hang the wet clothes), 'yaş' is an adjective. If you want to say 'The clothes are wet', you would say 'Paltarlar yaşdır', where '-dır' is the copula (is). It is important to distinguish this from 'islanmış' (soaked), as 'yaş' is a more general term for any level of moisture.
Yağışdan sonra yerlər hələ də yaşdır, ehtiyatlı ol.
In advanced usage, 'yaş' can be used to describe the 'freshness' of wood or plants. 'Yaş odun yanmır' (Wet/fresh wood doesn't burn). Here, it implies the wood is still full of sap and hasn't dried out. This usage is common in rural settings or when discussing nature. Furthermore, the plural 'yaşlar' is rarely used for age unless referring to different age groups (e.g., 'müxtəlif yaşlarda olan insanlar' - people of different ages).
- Negation
- To say someone isn't a certain age, use 'deyil'. 'Onun iyirmi yaşı deyil' (He is not twenty). To say something isn't wet, use 'yaş deyil'.
The word yaş is ubiquitous in Azerbaijani life. You will hear it in the most mundane and the most emotional moments. In a typical Azerbaijani household, you'll hear it during laundry day: 'Paltarlar hələ yaşdır, onları yığma' (The clothes are still wet, don't gather them). You'll also hear it at every birthday celebration, where the focus is on the number of 'yaş' the person has completed. The phrase 'Yaşın mübarək!' (Happy birthday/blessed age) is the standard greeting.
- The Workplace and Bureaucracy
- In offices or government buildings (ASAN Xidmət), you'll hear 'yaş' in relation to identification. 'Yaşınızı qeyd edin' (Note your age). It is a standard field on every form, from bank applications to gym memberships.
Televiziyada deyirlər ki, bu filmə baxmaq üçün yaş məhdudiyyəti var.
In the marketplace (bazar), you might hear 'yaş' used to describe produce. 'Yaş qoz' (fresh/wet walnuts) refers to walnuts that have just been harvested and still have their moist inner skin, which is a seasonal delicacy in Azerbaijan. Similarly, 'yaş meyvə' can sometimes refer to fresh fruit as opposed to 'quru meyvə' (dried fruit), though 'təzə' is more common for 'fresh'.
Anam həmişə deyir ki, yaşın fərqi yoxdur, əsas qəlbdir.
In literature and music, 'yaş' frequently refers to tears. Azerbaijani mugam or pop songs often feature lyrics about 'göz yaşı' (tears) to express heartbreak or longing (həsrət). Hearing 'Gözlərimdə yaş qaldı' (Tears remained in my eyes) is a common trope in romantic ballads. This duality of 'yaş'—as both a measure of time and a symbol of moisture/emotion—gives the word a depth that beginners should appreciate as they move toward fluency.
- News and Weather
- Weather reports use 'rütubət' for humidity, but the reporter might say 'yağıntıdan sonra yollar yaş olacaq' (roads will be wet after precipitation). This is a vital warning for drivers in Baku during the rainy season.
Even though yaş is a simple word, English speakers often stumble over its grammatical integration and its homonymic nature. The most frequent error is applying English 'to be' logic to age. Students often say 'Mən iyirmi yaşındayam', which is actually correct in Turkish but less common in Azerbaijani than 'Mənim iyirmi yaşım var'. Using 'Mən ... yaşım' is a direct grammatical violation.
- The 'Year' vs. 'Age' Confusion
- In English, we say 'I am 5 years old'. Beginners often try to translate 'years' as 'illər'. Saying 'Mənim 5 ilim var' means 'I have 5 years (left/available)', not 'I am 5 years old'. Always use 'yaş' for the age itself.
Səhv (Wrong): Mən otuz yaşdır.
Düz (Right): Mənim otuz yaşım var.
Another mistake involves the 'wet' meaning. Learners sometimes confuse 'yaş' with 'yaşıl' (green) because they look similar. Remember: 'yaş' is wet, 'yaşıl' is the color of grass. Additionally, don't confuse 'yaş' (wet) with 'çiy' (raw). While 'yaş odun' is wet wood, 'yaş ət' is incorrect for raw meat; you must use 'çiy ət'.
A subtle mistake occurs in the pronunciation of 'yaş' versus 'yaxşı' (good). Beginners might rush and make the 'sh' sound (ş) sound like 'kh-sh', leading to confusion. 'Yaş' is a short, sharp 'sh' sound, like 'wash' in English. Finally, ensure you use the correct possessive suffix for age. 'Sizin neçə yaşın var?' is incorrect because 'Sizin' (Your-plural/formal) must match with 'yaşınız'.
- The 'Tear' Trap
- If you want to say 'He is crying', don't just say 'O yaşdır'. That means 'He is wet'. You must say 'O ağlayır' or 'Onun gözündən yaş gəlir' (Tears are coming from his eyes).
While yaş is the most common word for age and wetness, Azerbaijani offers several alternatives depending on the nuance you wish to convey. For age, 'ömür' (life/lifetime) is often used in more poetic or philosophical contexts. For wetness, words like 'nəm', 'rütubətli', and 'islanmış' provide specific shades of meaning.
- Yaş vs. Nəm
- 'Yaş' implies something is visibly wet or saturated. 'Nəm' (damp/moist) implies a lower level of moisture. You would use 'nəm' for a basement that feels humid, but 'yaş' for a towel you just used.
- Yaş vs. İslanmış
- 'İslanmış' is the past participle of 'islanmaq' (to get wet). Use this when you want to emphasize the process. 'Yağışda islanmış pişik' (A cat that got wet in the rain) vs. 'Yaş pişik' (A wet cat).
Bu divarlar nəmdir, amma döşəmə tamamilə yaşdır.
Regarding age, the word 'çağ' is sometimes used for 'era' or 'period of life' (e.g., 'gənclik çağı' - youth). However, 'yaş' remains the only word for numerical age. Another related term is 'qoca' (old for people) or 'köhnə' (old for things). You might say 'Onun çox yaşı var' (He has many years/is old) instead of just 'O qocadır' to be slightly more polite or descriptive.
- Sulu vs. Yaş
- 'Sulu' means 'watery' or 'juicy'. You would say 'sulu qarpız' (juicy watermelon), but never 'yaş qarpız'. 'Yaş' is for external wetness or freshness of wood/plants.
수준별 예문
Mənim iyirmi yaşım var.
I am twenty years old.
Uses 'Mənim' (my) and 'yaşım' (my age).
Sənin neçə yaşın var?
How old are you?
Standard question format for age.
Paltarlar yaşdır.
The clothes are wet.
'Yaş' acts as an adjective here.
Onun beş yaşı var.
He/she is five years old.
Third person singular possessive 'yaşı'.
Bu ot yaşdır.
This grass is wet.
Simple subject-adjective structure.
Göz yaşı tökmə.
Don't shed tears.
'Göz yaşı' is a compound noun for 'tear'.
Bizim on yaşımız var.
We are ten years old.
First person plural possessive 'yaşımız'.
Yaş dəsmalı mənə ver.
Give me the wet towel.
'Yaş' modifies the noun 'dəsmal'.
Qardaşım məndən iki yaş kiçikdir.
My brother is two years younger than me.
Comparative structure using 'yaş'.
Yağış yağdı, hər yer yaş oldu.
It rained, everywhere became wet.
Use of 'olmaq' (to become) with 'yaş'.
Sizin yaşınız neçədir?
What is your age? (Formal)
Formal/Plural possessive 'yaşınız'.
O, yaşını gizlədir.
He/she hides their age.
Accusative case 'yaşını'.
Yaş əllərlə elektrikə toxunma.
Don't touch electricity with wet hands.
Adjective 'yaş' in an imperative sentence.
Onların eyni yaşı var.
They have the same age.
Possessive 'yaşı' for third person plural.
Bu film üçün yaş həddi on səkkizdir.
The age limit for this movie is eighteen.
'Yaş həddi' is a common compound noun.
Ağaclar hələ yaşdır, kəsməyin.
The trees are still wet/fresh, don't cut them.
'Yaş' implies freshness/moisture in wood.
Mən on səkkiz yaşıma çatanda maşın alacağam.
When I turn eighteen, I will buy a car.
Dative case 'yaşıma' with the verb 'çatmaq'.
Yaş odunu yandırmaq çox çətindir.
It is very difficult to burn wet wood.
Noun phrase 'yaş odun' as the object.
Onun gözləri yaşla doldu.
His/her eyes filled with tears.
Instrumental case 'yaşla'.
Uşaqlar müxtəlif yaş qruplarına bölündülər.
The children were divided into different age groups.
'Yaş qrupu' is a compound noun.
Bu bina ötən əsrdə, mənim babamın yaşında tikilib.
This building was built in the last century, at my grandfather's age.
Locative case 'yaşında'.
Yaş yerə oturma, xəstələnərsən.
Don't sit on the wet ground, you'll get sick.
Common advice/warning.
Onun yaşından çox təcrübəsi var.
He has more experience than his age suggests.
Ablative case 'yaşından' for comparison.
Ayaqqabıların niyə yaşdır?
Why are your shoes wet?
Questioning a state.
Yaş ötdükcə insan daha çox müdrikləşir.
As age passes, a person becomes wiser.
Gerund 'ötdükcə' with 'yaş'.
Torpağın yaşlığı bitkilər üçün vacibdir.
The wetness/moisture of the soil is important for plants.
Noun 'yaşlıq' derived from 'yaş'.
O, artıq yaşını-başını almış bir adamdır.
He is a man who is well on in years.
Idiomatic expression 'yaşını-başını almaq'.
Göz yaşları içində bizimlə vidalaşdı.
He/she said goodbye to us in tears.
Plural 'yaşları' used for tears.
İşə qəbulda yaş diskriminasiyası qadağandır.
Age discrimination in hiring is prohibited.
Formal sociological term.
Yaş kağızı hələ də qurumayıb.
The wet paper hasn't dried yet.
'Yaş' describing a temporary state.
O, hər yaşda gözəl görünməyi bacarır.
She manages to look beautiful at every age.
Locative 'yaşda' with 'hər'.
Yaş odun yanında quru da yanar.
Dry wood also burns next to wet wood.
Proverbial usage.
Müasir cəmiyyətdə yaş strukturu sürətlə dəyişir.
The age structure in modern society is changing rapidly.
Academic/Sociological context.
Onun simasında yaşın gətirdiyi cizgilər aydın görünürdü.
The lines brought by age were clearly visible on his face.
Genitive 'yaşın' showing agency.
Gözündəki yaş damlası bütün kədərini ifadə edirdi.
The tear drop in her eye expressed all her sadness.
Poetic/Literary description.
Yaş senzi konstitusiya ilə müəyyən edilir.
The age qualification is determined by the constitution.
Legal terminology 'yaş senzi'.
Rütubətli iqlimdə əşyalar tez yaş olur.
In a humid climate, things get wet quickly.
Relationship between 'rütubətli' and 'yaş'.
Yaş ötdükcə xatirələr daha da qiymətli olur.
As years go by, memories become even more precious.
Metaphorical use of 'yaş' as time.
Onun gözü yaşlı qalmasına razı ola bilməzdim.
I couldn't agree to him remaining tearful.
Adjectival phrase 'gözü yaşlı'.
Yaş fındıq ləpəsi çox ləzzətlidir.
Fresh/wet hazelnut kernel is very delicious.
Culinary/Regional use for freshness.
İnsan ömrünün payızında, yaşın ağırlığını daha çox hiss edir.
In the autumn of human life, one feels the weight of age more.
Philosophical metaphor.
Onun poetik irsində göz yaşı müqəddəs bir simvoldur.
In his poetic heritage, the tear is a sacred symbol.
Literary analysis.
Yaş faktoru demoqrafik proqnozların əsasını təşkil edir.
The age factor forms the basis of demographic forecasts.
Scientific/Statistical register.
Təbiətin oyanışı ilə hər tərəf yaş və təravətli görünürdü.
With the awakening of nature, everywhere looked wet and fresh.
Using 'yaş' in its archaic sense of 'fresh/green'.
Yaşın gətirdiyi təcrübəni heç bir kitab əvəz edə bilməz.
No book can replace the experience brought by age.
Abstract noun usage.
Göz yaşları ilə yuyulmuş bir sima daha səmimi görünür.
A face washed with tears looks more sincere.
Complex participial phrase.
Yaş həddinin artırılması pensiya islahatlarının bir hissəsidir.
Increasing the age limit is part of pension reforms.
Political/Economic register.
Hər bir yaşın öz gözəlliyi və çətinliyi var.
Every age has its own beauty and difficulty.
Universal truth statement.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
— The standard way to ask 'How old are you?'. Literally 'How many ages do you have?'.
Salam, balaca, neçə yaşın var?
— A common birthday greeting. Literally 'May your age be blessed!'.
Ad günün, yeni yaşın mübarək!
관용어 및 표현
— The dry wood also burns beside the wet wood. Meaning the innocent suffer along with the guilty.
Müharibədə yaş odun yanında quru da yanır.
proverbial— To be well on in years; to be elderly and experienced.
Sən artıq yaşını-başını almısan, ehtiyatlı ol.
neutral— For one's tears not to dry. Meaning to be in constant grief or crying.
O bədbəxt hadisədən sonra gözünün yaşı qurumadı.
emotional— He won't lie on wet ground. Used for someone very clever and cautious who doesn't take risks.
O çox hiyləgərdir, yaş yerə yatmaz.
informal/idiomatic— To act older than one's age or to outgrow an age-related behavior.
Uşaq artıq o yaşından çıxıb.
neutral— For age to be added upon age. Meaning to grow older year by year.
İllər keçir, yaş üstünə yaş gəlir.
literary— To age by one more year (often used humorously on birthdays).
Bu gün bir yaş da qocaldım.
informal— To lose track of one's age or to look much younger/older than one is.
O qədər gənc görünür ki, yaşını itirib.
informalSummary
The word 'yaş' is a versatile homonym; always look for a preceding number to identify it as 'age' (possessive) or a noun to identify it as 'wet' (adjective). Example: 'Mənim 5 yaşım var' (Age) vs 'Yaş əski' (Wet rag).
- Yaş means 'age' and is used with possessive suffixes like 'yaşım' to say how old you are.
- It also means 'wet' and is used to describe things like wet clothes or wet ground.
- The compound 'göz yaşı' means 'tear', literally translating to 'eye moisture' or 'eye age'.
- It is a fundamental A1 word essential for basic introductions and describing physical states.
관련 콘텐츠
이 단어를 다른 언어로
daily_life 관련 단어
axşam
A1'axşam'이라는 단어는 한국어로 '저녁'을 의미합니다. 인사말인 'Axşamınız xeyir'(안녕하세요/저녁 인사)에서 사용됩니다.
ay
A1'ay'이라는 단어는 하늘의 달과 달력의 한 달을 모두 의미합니다.
ayaqqabı
A1Shoes; footwear
açar
A1Key
açmaq
A1To open; to move a door
baxmaq
A1보다 또는 구경하다. '그는 책을 본다'는 'O, kitaba baxır'로 번역됩니다.
bağlamaq
A1To close; to shut
bağça
A1꽃과 식물이 자라는 장소, 또는 학교에 가기 전 어린 아이들을 위한 장소.
bina
A1'bina'라는 단어는 건물이나 건축물을 의미합니다. 지붕과 벽이 있는 영구적인 구조물입니다.
boşqab
A1Plate