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A1 adjective #1,000 가장 일반적인 17분 분량

kostenlos

상위 1,000

At the A1 level, the word 'kostenlos' is primarily used to identify things that do not cost money in everyday situations. Learners at this stage encounter it most frequently in shopping, tourism, and basic services. The focus is on understanding the word when seen on signs or heard in simple announcements. For example, 'Ist das Wasser kostenlos?' (Is the water free?) is a vital survival phrase. A1 learners should recognize that 'kostenlos' means 'zero price.' They should also begin to notice that the word doesn't change when it comes after 'ist' (e.g., 'Das WLAN ist kostenlos'), which makes it very accessible for beginners. The main goal is to distinguish it from 'frei' in the context of 'Is this seat free?' vs. 'Is this coffee free?' At this level, simple sentence patterns are key. You will see it on posters for 'kostenlose Konzerte' or 'kostenlose Stadtpläne.' Understanding this word helps A1 learners navigate public spaces and manage their budget while traveling in German-speaking countries. It is one of the first 'utility' adjectives learned because of its immediate practical value in avoiding unnecessary expenses.

At the A2 level, learners begin to use 'kostenlos' more actively in their own speech and writing. They move beyond simple identification and start to describe services and offers in more detail. A2 learners are expected to handle basic adjective declension, so they should start practicing 'kostenlos' with endings, such as 'Ich suche einen kostenlosen Parkplatz' (I am looking for a free parking spot). They also learn to use it as an adverb to describe actions, like 'Man kann hier kostenlos parken.' At this stage, the distinction between 'kostenlos' and 'umsonst' might be introduced, though 'kostenlos' remains the preferred term for clarity. Learners at A2 should be able to understand more complex advertisements and terms of service, such as 'Die erste Monat ist kostenlos' (The first month is free). They can also use the word to talk about their hobbies or interests, such as 'Ich schaue mir oft kostenlose Videos auf YouTube an.' The vocabulary expands to include related terms like 'der Preis' and 'bezahlen,' allowing for more natural conversations about money and value. This level focuses on the practical application of the word in routine social and professional interactions.

By the B1 level, learners are expected to use 'kostenlos' with a high degree of grammatical accuracy, including all cases and genders in adjective declension. They can participate in discussions about social issues where 'kostenlos' plays a role, such as 'kostenlose Bildung' (free education) or 'kostenloser Nahverkehr' (free public transport). B1 learners can express opinions on whether certain services should be free and provide reasons. They also become more aware of the register, recognizing that 'kostenlos' is more professional than 'umsonst.' In writing, they can use it in formal emails to ask about costs or to offer services, for example, 'Wir bieten Ihnen eine kostenlose Beratung an.' They also start to encounter 'kostenlos' in more abstract contexts, such as 'kostenloser Zugang zu Informationen.' At this level, learners should also be familiar with compound words like 'versandkostenfrei' and understand how they function. The focus shifts from simple survival to being able to navigate more nuanced social and semi-professional situations where financial terms are discussed. They can also understand the difference between 'kostenlos' and 'gratis' in marketing contexts, recognizing the persuasive power of the word in advertising.

At the B2 level, the use of 'kostenlos' becomes more sophisticated. Learners can discuss the economic implications of 'free' services, such as the 'Freemium' business model where basic services are 'kostenlos' but advanced features cost money. They can use the word in complex sentence structures, including passive voice and subjunctive moods, e.g., 'Es wäre besser, wenn der Eintritt kostenlos wäre.' B2 learners are also expected to recognize and use more formal synonyms like 'unentgeltlich' in appropriate contexts, such as legal or academic discussions. They can analyze the cultural significance of 'kostenlos' in German society, such as the debate over 'kostenlose Kitaplätze' (free daycare spots). Their understanding of the word includes its use in idiomatic expressions and puns. They can also handle more complex grammar involving the word, such as using it in relative clauses: 'Das ist ein Service, der für alle Bürger kostenlos zur Verfügung steht.' At this stage, the learner is not just using the word but is also aware of its socio-economic weight and the subtle differences in meaning when compared to its synonyms. They can effectively use 'kostenlos' to argue a point or describe a business strategy in a professional environment.

At the C1 level, the learner has a near-native command of 'kostenlos' and its various nuances. They can use the word and its synonyms (gratis, umsonst, unentgeltlich, gebührenfrei) with precision, choosing the one that best fits the register and context. They can understand and produce complex texts about economic theories where 'kostenlos' might be a central theme, such as the 'Zero-Price Effect.' C1 learners can use the word in highly formal writing, such as academic papers or legal contracts, where they might prefer 'unentgeltlich' but still use 'kostenlos' for clarity in certain sections. They are also sensitive to the stylistic effects of the word, such as its use in rhetoric to emphasize accessibility or generosity. They can discuss the philosophical aspects of 'free'—for example, the idea that 'nothing is truly free' (nichts ist wirklich kostenlos) and how this applies to data privacy and digital services. Their mastery of adjective declension and sentence structure is flawless, allowing them to use 'kostenlos' in any grammatical configuration without hesitation. They can also identify and explain the subtle connotations that 'kostenlos' carries in different German-speaking regions or industries.

At the C2 level, the learner's understanding of 'kostenlos' is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. They can appreciate the word's role in literature, philosophy, and high-level political discourse. They can use 'kostenlos' and its synonyms to create specific stylistic effects, such as irony or emphasis. C2 learners can engage in deep debates about the sustainability of 'kostenlose' public services and the long-term economic consequences of 'free' markets. They can effortlessly switch between the colloquial 'umsonst' and the highly technical 'unentgeltlich' depending on the audience. Their understanding of the word also extends to its historical development and its relationship with other Germanic and Latinate languages. They can interpret the use of 'kostenlos' in complex legal statutes or philosophical treatises where the definition of 'cost' itself might be under scrutiny. At this level, the word is not just a vocabulary item but a tool for sophisticated expression, allowing the learner to navigate the most complex linguistic and cultural landscapes of the German-speaking world with ease and authority.

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

kostenlos 30초 만에

Kostenlos means 'free of charge' and is used exclusively for things that cost zero money.
It is a compound of 'Kosten' (costs) and '-los' (without), literally meaning 'cost-less'.
Unlike 'frei', it does not mean 'at liberty' or 'available', only 'financially free'.
It can be used as an adjective with endings or as an adverb without any changes.

The German adjective kostenlos is one of the most essential words for any learner, particularly those navigating the early stages of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. At its core, it translates to 'free of charge' or 'without cost.' It is a compound word formed from the noun die Kosten (the costs) and the suffix -los (equivalent to the English suffix '-less'). Therefore, it literally means 'cost-less.' This word is ubiquitous in German daily life, appearing on everything from advertising flyers and website buttons to public service announcements and social invitations. Understanding when and how to use it is crucial because German has several words for 'free,' and using the wrong one can lead to confusion or even unintentional humor. While frei might refer to freedom or availability, kostenlos is strictly financial. It is the go-to term when you want to emphasize that no money needs to change hands for a product or service. In a culture that values transparency and precision, being able to distinguish between a 'free seat' (ein freier Platz) and a 'free meal' (ein kostenloses Essen) is a mark of linguistic competence.

Economic Context: In business and marketing, 'kostenlos' is used to attract customers. It implies a value of zero Euros. It is often seen in phrases like 'kostenloser Versand' (free shipping) or 'kostenlose Testversion' (free trial version).

Das Museum bietet am ersten Sonntag im Monat kostenlosen Eintritt für alle Besucher an.

Beyond simple transactions, the word carries a weight of social expectation. If a friend tells you that a concert is 'kostenlos,' they are informing you that you don't need to budget for a ticket. However, in German legal and formal contexts, you might encounter the synonym unentgeltlich, which sounds much more bureaucratic. For the average speaker, kostenlos remains the most natural choice. It is also important to note that while 'kostenlos' is an adjective, it is frequently used as an adverb without any changes to its ending. For example, 'Man kann hier kostenlos parken' (One can park here for free). In this adverbial usage, it describes the action of parking. When used as an adjective before a noun, it must follow the standard rules of German adjective declension, which can be a hurdle for beginners but becomes second nature with practice. For instance, 'ein kostenloser Service' (nominative masculine) or 'eine kostenlose Beratung' (nominative feminine).

Digital Usage: On the internet, 'kostenlos' is the standard term for 'freeware' or 'free apps.' You will see buttons labeled 'Kostenlos herunterladen' (Download for free) on many German software sites.

Diese App ist völlig kostenlos und enthält keine versteckten Gebühren.

Interestingly, the word umsonst is often used as a synonym for kostenlos in colloquial speech. However, umsonst has a double meaning: it can mean 'for free' but also 'in vain' or 'for nothing' (as in, without success). This leads to the famous German pun: 'Meine Schulausbildung war kostenlos, deine war umsonst' (My school education was free of charge, yours was in vain). This joke highlights why 'kostenlos' is the safer, more precise choice when you want to be clear about the financial aspect. In professional settings, 'kostenlos' is preferred because it lacks the negative connotation of 'futility' that 'umsonst' can carry. Whether you are ordering a 'kostenloses Glas Leitungswasser' in a restaurant (though this is rare in Germany!) or signing up for a 'kostenloser Newsletter,' the word is your key to understanding the financial terms of your environment.

Können Sie mir sagen, ob das WLAN in diesem Hotel kostenlos ist?

Social Etiquette: When invited to a party, Germans might ask if the drinks are 'kostenlos' if it is a public event, but in private settings, it is assumed. The word is mostly used for commercial or public services.

Wir haben heute eine kostenlose Stadtführung gemacht, die sehr informativ war.

Gibt es hier kostenlose Parkplätze in der Nähe des Stadtzentrums?

Using kostenlos correctly requires a basic understanding of German sentence structure and adjective endings. As an adjective, it can be used in two primary ways: predicatively and attributively. When used predicatively, it follows a linking verb like sein (to be) or bleiben (to remain). In this position, the word does not change its form regardless of the gender or number of the subject. For example, 'Das Ticket ist kostenlos' (The ticket is free), 'Die App ist kostenlos' (The app is free), and 'Die Parkplätze sind kostenlos' (The parking spots are free). This is the easiest way for beginners to use the word because they do not have to worry about complex grammar rules. It is a direct statement of fact regarding the price of an item or service.

Predicative Usage: The word remains 'kostenlos' after verbs like 'sein'. Example: 'Die Beratung war absolut kostenlos.'

Ist dieser Service wirklich kostenlos oder gibt es versteckte Kosten?

The second way to use kostenlos is attributively, meaning it comes directly before a noun. In this case, it must take an ending that matches the gender, case, and number of the noun it describes. This is where learners must apply their knowledge of adjective declension. For instance, in the nominative case with an indefinite article, you would say 'ein kostenloser Kurs' (a free course, masculine), 'eine kostenlose Probe' (a free sample, feminine), or 'ein kostenloses Getränk' (a free drink, neuter). In the plural, it becomes 'kostenlose Proben' (free samples). If you use a definite article, the endings change according to the 'weak declension' rules: 'der kostenlose Kurs,' 'die kostenlose Probe,' 'das kostenlose Getränk.' Mastering these endings is essential for sounding natural and professional in German.

Attributive Usage: The word takes endings like -er, -e, -es, or -en depending on the noun it precedes. Example: 'Wir bieten einen kostenlosen Versand an.'

Wir haben ein kostenloses Upgrade für unser Hotelzimmer erhalten.

Furthermore, kostenlos can function as an adverb. In this role, it describes how an action is performed—specifically, that it is performed without charge. Adverbs in German do not take endings. You can say, 'Man kann die Software kostenlos herunterladen' (One can download the software for free). Here, 'kostenlos' modifies the verb 'herunterladen.' This usage is extremely common in technical and commercial contexts. You will often see it paired with verbs like anbieten (to offer), erhalten (to receive), nutzen (to use), and bestellen (to order). For example, 'Sie können unser Tool 30 Tage lang kostenlos nutzen' (You can use our tool for free for 30 days). This flexibility makes 'kostenlos' a versatile tool in your vocabulary toolkit.

Common Verb Pairings: Pair 'kostenlos' with verbs like 'anbieten' (to offer), 'verteilen' (to distribute), or 'stornieren' (to cancel - e.g., 'kostenlos stornieren').

Kunden können ihre Bestellung innerhalb von 14 Tagen kostenlos zurücksenden.

Finally, consider the placement of kostenlos in complex sentences. In German, the adverbial 'kostenlos' usually follows the object if the object is a pronoun, but precedes it if it is a noun, though this is flexible. For example, 'Ich gebe es dir kostenlos' (I give it to you for free) vs. 'Ich gebe dir kostenlos ein Buch' (I give you a book for free). In subordinate clauses, the verb moves to the end, but 'kostenlos' stays near the elements it modifies. 'Ich freue mich, dass der Eintritt kostenlos ist' (I am happy that the entry is free). By paying attention to these structural nuances, you can communicate more effectively and avoid the 'robotic' sound that often comes with literal translations from English. Remember, 'kostenlos' is your best friend when discussing anything that doesn't cost a cent.

Es ist wichtig, dass wir den Bürgern kostenlosen Zugang zu Informationen gewähren.

Die Zeitung wird jeden Mittwoch kostenlos an alle Haushalte verteilt.

In the German-speaking world, you will encounter the word kostenlos in a wide variety of environments, ranging from high-street shopping to digital services. One of the most common places is in retail and advertising. Large signs in shop windows often scream 'Kostenlose Proben!' (Free samples!) or 'Kostenloser Sehtest' (Free eye test) to entice passersby. If you are shopping online on German websites like Amazon.de or Zalando, you will frequently look for the phrase 'Kostenlose Lieferung' (Free delivery). This is a major selling point in the German market, where consumers are often very price-conscious and appreciate clear information about additional costs. Hearing this word in a store usually means there is a promotion or a special offer that you should take advantage of.

Public Infrastructure: In many German cities, you might hear announcements about 'kostenloses WLAN' (free Wi-Fi) in public squares or on trains. This is a relatively recent development but is now a standard expectation for travelers.

In der gesamten Innenstadt gibt es seit letztem Jahr kostenloses Internet für Touristen.

Another significant context is the public service sector. Germany has a strong tradition of providing certain services to the public without direct fees at the point of use. For example, you might hear about 'kostenlose Bildung' (free education) in the context of university tuition, which is a point of national pride. In the news, politicians often debate 'kostenlose Kinderbetreuung' (free childcare) or 'kostenloser öffentlicher Nahverkehr' (free public transport). When you hear these discussions, the word 'kostenlos' is at the center of political and social discourse regarding the welfare state. It represents the idea that essential services should be accessible to everyone, regardless of their financial situation. This cultural nuance is important: 'kostenlos' in these contexts doesn't mean 'without value,' but rather 'funded by the community for the benefit of all.'

Tourism and Travel: Tourists will often see 'kostenlose Stadtpläne' (free city maps) at information centers or 'kostenlose Park-and-Ride-Plätze' on the outskirts of major cities like Munich or Berlin.

Das Hotel bietet einen kostenlosen Shuttle-Service zum Flughafen an.

In the digital realm, 'kostenlos' is the standard terminology. Whether you are using a 'kostenlose App' or looking for 'kostenlose Musik,' the word is everywhere. German YouTubers might mention that their viewers can subscribe 'kostenlos' to their channel. In the world of gaming, 'Free-to-Play' games are often described as 'kostenlos spielbar.' Because the German language tends to avoid English loanwords when a perfectly good German equivalent exists, 'kostenlos' remains much more common than the English word 'free' in these contexts. Even in professional networking, you might hear about a 'kostenloses Webinar' or a 'kostenlose Erstberatung' (free initial consultation) from a lawyer or consultant. In all these cases, the word serves as a clear indicator that the initial barrier to entry is financial-free.

Media and Entertainment: Radio stations often give away 'kostenlose Tickets' for concerts, and newspapers might offer a 'kostenloses Probeabo' (free trial subscription).

Sie können die erste Folge der neuen Serie kostenlos auf unserer Webseite streamen.

Finally, in social settings, you might hear it when someone is being generous. If a colleague brings cake to the office, they might say, 'Greift zu, es ist kostenlos!' (Help yourselves, it's free!). Or if you are at a festival and there is a water fountain, someone might point out that the water is 'kostenlos.' In these informal situations, it conveys a sense of shared abundance. However, always be careful with the word 'umsonst' in these cases, as it can sometimes sound a bit more 'cheap' or 'worthless' depending on the tone. Stick to 'kostenlos' to be safe and clear. From the 'kostenlose Zeitung' you pick up at the train station to the 'kostenlose Hotline' of a customer service center, this word is a constant companion in the German linguistic landscape.

Es gibt viele kostenlose Ressourcen im Internet, um Deutsch zu lernen.

Die Rücksendung der Ware ist für Sie vollkommen kostenlos.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when learning German is confusing kostenlos with the word frei. In English, the word 'free' is a polysemous term—it can mean both 'at no cost' and 'unrestricted' or 'at liberty.' In German, these two meanings are strictly separated. If you say 'Ich bin kostenlos,' you are literally saying 'I am available for no charge,' which sounds like you are offering yourself as a free laborer or worse. To say 'I am free' (meaning you have no plans or are a free person), you must use 'Ich bin frei.' Similarly, a 'free seat' in a cinema is a 'freier Platz,' not a 'kostenloser Platz.' While the seat doesn't cost extra once you have a ticket, the word 'frei' refers to its availability, not its price. This distinction is vital for avoiding awkward social situations.

Kostenlos vs. Frei: Use 'kostenlos' for money ($0). Use 'frei' for freedom, liberty, or availability (no restrictions).

Falsch: Der Eintritt ist frei. (Correct but usually means 'unrestricted'). Richtig: Der Eintritt ist kostenlos.

Another common pitfall involves the word umsonst. While umsonst is often used interchangeably with kostenlos to mean 'free of charge,' it has a second, very common meaning: 'in vain' or 'useless.' If you say 'Ich habe umsonst gearbeitet,' it could mean you worked for free (generously), or it could mean your work was a waste of time and achieved nothing. Because of this ambiguity, using kostenlos is always safer in a professional or formal context. Learners often default to umsonst because it is shorter, but they should be aware of the potential for misunderstanding. A classic mistake is saying 'Das war umsonst' when you mean 'That was free,' but the listener thinks you mean 'That was a waste of effort.' To be precise, stick to 'kostenlos' when money is the topic.

The 'Umsonst' Trap: 'Umsonst' can mean 'for free' or 'for nothing/in vain.' To avoid confusion, use 'kostenlos' for price and 'vergeblich' for 'in vain.'

Ich habe das Buch kostenlos bekommen (I got it for free). Ich habe umsonst gewartet (I waited in vain).

Adjective declension is the third area where mistakes frequently occur. Many learners forget to add the correct endings when kostenlos is used before a noun. Saying 'ein kostenlos Buch' instead of 'ein kostenloses Buch' is a typical A1/A2 error. While Germans will still understand you, the lack of an ending makes the sentence sound broken. Remember that the ending must reflect the gender (der/die/das) and the case (nominative, accusative, etc.) of the noun. For example, 'Ich möchte einen kostenlosen Kaffee' (accusative masculine) requires the '-en' ending. Taking the time to learn the declension tables will significantly improve your accuracy with this word. It is a small detail that makes a big difference in how your German is perceived by native speakers.

Gratis vs. Kostenlos: 'Gratis' is also common and usually does not take endings as easily in colloquial speech, though it can. 'Kostenlos' is more versatile and standard.

Wir bieten Ihnen eine kostenlose Analyse Ihrer Webseite an.

Lastly, be careful with the word gratis. While 'gratis' is a perfect synonym for 'kostenlos,' it is often used as an indeclinable adjective in informal speech, which can confuse learners who are trying to follow the rules of declension. For example, 'Das ist gratis' is fine, but 'ein gratiser Kaffee' sounds slightly less common than 'ein kostenloser Kaffee.' In advertising, you will see 'Gratis!' as a standalone exclamation. However, 'kostenlos' is the more 'Germanic' and formal-sounding option. Avoid mixing these up in a way that sounds unnatural. Stick to 'kostenlos' for your primary 'free of charge' adjective, and you will navigate the complexities of German pricing and social interaction with much greater ease and confidence.

Haben Sie kostenlose Parkplätze für Hotelgäste?

Das Update für die Software ist für alle Nutzer kostenlos.

While kostenlos is the most common way to say 'free of charge,' the German language offers several alternatives, each with its own nuance and register. Understanding these differences will help you sound more like a native speaker and choose the right word for the right situation. The most direct synonym is gratis. Borrowed from Latin, 'gratis' is used almost identically to 'kostenlos.' It is very common in marketing and advertising. You might see 'Gratis-Beigabe' (free gift) or 'Gratis-Probe.' While 'kostenlos' feels a bit more descriptive (cost-less), 'gratis' is punchy and international. In many cases, they are interchangeable, but 'kostenlos' is slightly more formal and more frequently used in full sentences as an adjective with endings.

Kostenlos vs. Gratis: 'Kostenlos' is the standard Germanic term. 'Gratis' is the Latin-derived alternative, often used in short marketing slogans.

Die Lieferung ist kostenlos. (Standard) / Die Lieferung ist gratis. (Common in ads)

Another important alternative is umsonst. As mentioned in previous sections, 'umsonst' is very common in spoken German. However, it carries the dual meaning of 'free' and 'in vain.' Because of this, it is often considered more colloquial. If you are talking to a friend about a free concert, 'umsonst' is perfectly fine. But if you are writing a business proposal, 'kostenlos' or 'unentgeltlich' would be much better. Unentgeltlich is the formal, legal term. You will find it in contracts, laws, and official documents. It literally means 'without remuneration.' If a lawyer offers 'unentgeltliche Rechtsberatung,' it means they are working pro bono. This word is rarely used in casual conversation but is essential for understanding formal German texts.

Kostenlos vs. Unentgeltlich: 'Kostenlos' is for everyday use. 'Unentgeltlich' is for legal and highly formal contexts, meaning 'without payment.'

Das Ehrenamt wird unentgeltlich ausgeübt.

For a more descriptive approach, you can use phrases like gebührenfrei or zollfrei. These are more specific. Gebührenfrei means 'free of fees' and is often used for bank accounts (gebührenfreies Konto) or hotlines. Zollfrei means 'duty-free,' which you will see at airports. These words are useful when you want to specify exactly which cost is being waived. Additionally, the word frei itself can sometimes mean 'free of charge' in specific compounds, like versandkostenfrei (free of shipping costs). This is a very common word in e-commerce. It is a more precise way of saying 'kostenloser Versand.' By learning these variations, you can tailor your language to the specific context, whether you are shopping, signing a contract, or just chatting with friends.

Specific 'Free' Terms: 'Gebührenfrei' (no fees), 'Zollfrei' (duty-free), 'Versandkostenfrei' (no shipping costs).

Ab einem Bestellwert von 50 Euro ist der Versand kostenlos.

Finally, consider the word freigebig (generous) or geschenkt (given as a gift). While not direct synonyms for 'kostenlos,' they describe the act of giving something for free. If something is 'geschenkt,' it implies a personal gift rather than a commercial offer. 'Das ist geschenkt!' can also be used idiomatically to mean 'That's a bargain!' or 'That's so cheap it's practically free!' In summary, while 'kostenlos' is your primary tool, 'gratis' is its punchy sibling, 'umsonst' is its casual (but slightly risky) cousin, and 'unentgeltlich' is its serious, suit-wearing professional relative. Knowing which one to invite to the conversation will make your German much more nuanced and effective.

Diese Broschüre ist kostenlos am Informationsstand erhältlich.

Die Nutzung der öffentlichen Toiletten ist in dieser Stadt leider nicht kostenlos.

How Formal Is It?

격식체

중립

비격식체

Child friendly

속어

재미있는 사실

The suffix '-los' is one of the most productive in German. It can be attached to almost any noun to mean 'without', creating words like 'sinnlos' (senseless), 'arbeitslos' (unemployed), and 'herzlos' (heartless).

발음 가이드

UK /ˈkɔstn̩loːs/

US /ˈkɔstn̩loʊs/

The primary stress is on the first syllable: KOS-ten-los.

라임이 맞는 단어

bodenlos atmenlos namenlos wolkenlos hilflos nutzlos endlos sprachlos

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing the 's' in 'los' as a 'z'. It should be a voiceless 's'.
Making the 'o' in 'los' too short. It must be a long, closed vowel.
Over-emphasizing the 'e' in 'ten'. In natural speech, it is almost silent.
Confusing the word with 'kosten-loss' (English pronunciation).
Putting the stress on the last syllable 'los' instead of the first.

난이도

독해 1/5

Very easy to recognize on signs and in texts due to its frequency.

쓰기 3/5

Requires attention to adjective endings when used attributively.

말하기 2/5

Simple to pronounce, but must be distinguished from 'frei'.

듣기 1/5

Clear pronunciation makes it easy to pick out in conversation.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

kosten Geld bezahlen frei der Preis

다음에 배울 것

günstig teuer umsonst gratis unentgeltlich

고급

die Kostenerstattung die Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse der Kostenfaktor die Kostenpauschale kostenpflichtig

알아야 할 문법

Adjective Declension (Weak)

Der kostenlose Kurs (nominative masculine after definite article).

Adjective Declension (Mixed)

Ein kostenloser Kurs (nominative masculine after indefinite article).

Adjective Declension (Strong)

Kostenloser Service ist wichtig (nominative masculine with no article).

Adverbial Usage

Man kann die App kostenlos nutzen (no endings for adverbs).

Predicative Adjectives

Das Buch ist kostenlos (no endings after linking verbs).

수준별 예문

Ist das Wasser kostenlos?

Is the water free?

Predicative use of 'kostenlos' after 'ist'.

Das WLAN hier ist kostenlos.

The Wi-Fi here is free.

Simple subject-verb-adjective structure.

Ich möchte eine kostenlose Karte.

I would like a free map.

Attributive use with feminine noun 'Karte' in accusative case.

Der Eintritt ist heute kostenlos.

The entry is free today.

Adverbial use of 'heute' with predicative 'kostenlos'.

Gibt es kostenlose Proben?

Are there free samples?

Plural nominative/accusative adjective ending '-e'.

Diese App ist kostenlos.

This app is free.

Demonstrative pronoun 'Diese' with predicative adjective.

Wir parken hier kostenlos.

We are parking here for free.

Adverbial use of 'kostenlos' modifying the verb 'parken'.

Ein kostenloser Kaffee, bitte!

A free coffee, please!

Masculine nominative ending '-er' after 'ein'.

Sie können die Software kostenlos testen.

You can test the software for free.

Modal verb 'können' with adverbial 'kostenlos'.

Wir bieten einen kostenlosen Service an.

We offer a free service.

Accusative masculine ending '-en' after 'einen'.

Gibt es hier ein kostenloses Frühstück?

Is there a free breakfast here?

Neuter nominative/accusative ending '-es' after 'ein'.

Ich habe eine kostenlose Zeitung gefunden.

I found a free newspaper.

Perfect tense with attributive adjective.

Die Kinder dürfen kostenlos mitfahren.

The children are allowed to ride for free.

Modal verb 'dürfen' with adverbial 'kostenlos'.

Es gibt viele kostenlose Parkplätze.

There are many free parking spots.

Plural adjective ending '-e' after 'viele'.

Können Sie mir das kostenlos schicken?

Can you send that to me for free?

Adverbial 'kostenlos' in a question with indirect object 'mir'.

Das erste Getränk ist kostenlos.

The first drink is free.

Ordinal number 'erste' with predicative 'kostenlos'.

Die Rücksendung ist innerhalb von 14 Tagen kostenlos.

The return is free within 14 days.

Prepositional phrase 'innerhalb von' with predicative 'kostenlos'.

Wir stellen Ihnen das Material kostenlos zur Verfügung.

We provide the material to you free of charge.

Idiomatic expression 'zur Verfügung stellen' with adverbial 'kostenlos'.

Ein kostenloser Newsletter informiert Sie über Neuigkeiten.

A free newsletter informs you about news.

Masculine nominative subject with attributive adjective.

Viele Museen bieten am Sonntag kostenlosen Eintritt an.

Many museums offer free entry on Sunday.

Accusative masculine ending '-en' for 'Eintritt'.

Ist die Nutzung der Bibliothek für Studenten kostenlos?

Is the use of the library free for students?

Genitive 'der Bibliothek' followed by predicative 'kostenlos'.

Sie erhalten eine kostenlose Beratung durch unsere Experten.

You receive a free consultation from our experts.

Feminine accusative ending '-e' after 'eine'.

Die App kann kostenlos im App Store heruntergeladen werden.

The app can be downloaded for free in the App Store.

Passive voice with modal verb and adverbial 'kostenlos'.

Es ist toll, dass es so viele kostenlose Angebote gibt.

It is great that there are so many free offers.

Subordinate clause with 'dass' and plural adjective.

Die kostenlose Bereitstellung von Informationen ist eine staatliche Aufgabe.

The free provision of information is a state task.

Weak declension '-e' after definite article 'Die'.

Kunden schätzen den kostenlosen Versand ab einem gewissen Bestellwert.

Customers appreciate free shipping from a certain order value.

Weak declension '-en' for masculine accusative after 'den'.

Das Unternehmen bietet eine kostenlose Testphase für Neukunden an.

The company offers a free trial phase for new customers.

Compound noun 'Testphase' with attributive adjective.

In vielen Städten wird über einen kostenlosen Nahverkehr diskutiert.

In many cities, free public transport is being discussed.

Preposition 'über' with accusative masculine 'Nahverkehr'.

Die Software ist in der Basisversion dauerhaft kostenlos.

The software is permanently free in the basic version.

Adverb 'dauerhaft' modifying the predicative 'kostenlos'.

Wir haben ein kostenloses Upgrade in die Business-Class erhalten.

We received a free upgrade to business class.

Neuter accusative ending '-es' after 'ein'.

Es gibt keine kostenlose Mahlzeit, wie das Sprichwort sagt.

There is no free lunch, as the saying goes.

Negative 'keine' with feminine accusative ending '-e'.

Die Veranstaltung ist für alle Teilnehmer vollkommen kostenlos.

The event is completely free for all participants.

Adverb 'vollkommen' emphasizing 'kostenlos'.

Die unentgeltliche Überlassung von Wohnraum kann steuerliche Folgen haben.

The free provision of living space can have tax consequences.

Use of formal synonym 'unentgeltlich' in a legal context.

Trotz der kostenlosen Angebote entscheiden sich viele für die Premium-Variante.

Despite the free offers, many decide on the premium version.

Genitive plural ending '-en' after 'der' (following 'trotz').

Die kostenlose Verfügbarkeit von Bildung ist ein Eckpfeiler der Demokratie.

The free availability of education is a cornerstone of democracy.

Abstract noun 'Verfügbarkeit' with weak adjective declension.

Man sollte die psychologische Wirkung von kostenlosen Produkten nicht unterschätzen.

One should not underestimate the psychological effect of free products.

Genitive plural ending '-en' for 'Produkten'.

Die Plattform finanziert sich durch Werbung, um den Dienst kostenlos zu halten.

The platform finances itself through advertising to keep the service free.

Infinitive construction with 'um... zu' and 'kostenlos'.

Es ist fraglich, ob ein kostenloser ÖPNV tatsächlich zu weniger Autoverkehr führt.

It is questionable whether free public transport actually leads to less car traffic.

Subordinate clause with 'ob' and masculine nominative subject.

Der kostenlose Zugang zu Archiven erleichtert die historische Forschung erheblich.

Free access to archives significantly facilitates historical research.

Masculine nominative subject with weak declension '-e'.

In der digitalen Ökonomie zahlt man oft mit Daten statt mit Geld für kostenlose Dienste.

In the digital economy, one often pays with data instead of money for free services.

Preposition 'für' with accusative plural ending '-e'.

Die Kostenlosigkeit digitaler Güter stellt traditionelle Geschäftsmodelle infrage.

The free nature of digital goods challenges traditional business models.

Use of the noun form 'Kostenlosigkeit'.

Die vermeintlich kostenlose Nutzung sozialer Medien wird durch die Preisgabe privater Daten erkauft.

The supposedly free use of social media is bought by the disclosure of private data.

Adverb 'vermeintlich' modifying the adjective 'kostenlose'.

Eine unentgeltliche Tätigkeit im Ehrenamt ist für den gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhalt unerlässlich.

Unpaid volunteer work is essential for social cohesion.

Formal synonym 'unentgeltlich' with feminine nominative ending '-e'.

Die philosophische Debatte darüber, ob etwas jemals wirklich kostenlos sein kann, ist alt.

The philosophical debate about whether something can ever truly be free is old.

Subordinate clause with 'ob' and predicative 'kostenlos'.

Subventionen ermöglichen oft einen für den Endverbraucher kostenlosen Bezug von Leistungen.

Subsidies often enable the end consumer to obtain services free of charge.

Complex adjective phrase 'für den Endverbraucher kostenlosen'.

Die Rhetorik des Kostenlosen wird oft instrumentalisiert, um politische Mehrheiten zu gewinnen.

The rhetoric of the 'free' is often instrumentalized to win political majorities.

Substantivized adjective 'des Kostenlosen' in the genitive case.

In einem utopischen Szenario wären alle lebensnotwendigen Ressourcen kostenlos zugänglich.

In a utopian scenario, all essential resources would be accessible for free.

Subjunctive II 'wären' with adverbial 'kostenlos'.

Die unentgeltliche Übertragung von Urheberrechten bedarf einer schriftlichen Vereinbarung.

The free transfer of copyrights requires a written agreement.

Formal legal language with genitive 'Urheberrechten'.

자주 쓰는 조합

kostenloser Versand

kostenlose App

kostenloser Download

kostenlose Beratung

kostenloser Eintritt

kostenlose Probe

kostenloses WLAN

kostenlos zur Verfügung stellen

kostenlos stornieren

kostenlose Testversion

자주 쓰는 구문

Völlig kostenlos

Kostenlos und unverbindlich

Kostenlos erhalten

Kostenlos nutzen

Kostenlos abzugeben

Kostenlos anmelden

Kostenlos testen

Kostenlos parken

Kostenlos herunterladen

Kostenlos zur Verfügung stehen

자주 혼동되는 단어

kostenlos vs frei

English 'free' covers both. German 'frei' is for liberty/availability, 'kostenlos' is for price.

kostenlos vs umsonst

Can mean 'free' but also 'in vain'. Use 'kostenlos' for financial clarity.

kostenlos vs billig

Means 'cheap' (low price), while 'kostenlos' means zero price.

관용어 및 표현

"Nichts im Leben ist kostenlos"

Nothing in life is free. Used to express skepticism about 'free' offers.

Sei vorsichtig mit diesem Angebot; nichts im Leben ist kostenlos.

neutral

"Das ist geschenkt"

That's a steal / practically free. Used when something is very cheap.

Zehn Euro für diese Jacke? Das ist ja geschenkt!

informal

"Umsonst ist der Tod"

Only death is free (and it costs your life). A cynical way to say everything has a price.

Glaubst du wirklich, die Beratung ist gratis? Umsonst ist nur der Tod.

colloquial

"Einem geschenkten Gaul schaut man nicht ins Maul"

Don't look a gift horse in the mouth. Don't criticize something you got for free.

Der Wein war kostenlos, also beschwer dich nicht über den Geschmack. Einem geschenkten Gaul schaut man nicht ins Maul.

proverb

"Für einen Apfel und ein Ei"

For a song / very cheap. Not exactly free, but close to it.

Er hat das Auto für einen Apfel und ein Ei gekauft.

idiomatic

"Etwas für lau bekommen"

To get something for free. 'Lau' is slang for free.

Ich habe die Pizza für lau bekommen, weil sie zu spät kam.

slang

"Kostenlos, aber nicht umsonst"

Free of charge, but not in vain. A play on the double meaning of 'umsonst'.

Meine Ausbildung war kostenlos, aber hoffentlich nicht umsonst.

humorous

"Auf Kosten des Hauses"

On the house. Used in restaurants when the owner pays for something.

Der Nachtisch geht auf Kosten des Hauses.

neutral

"Sich kostenlos die Zeit vertreiben"

To pass the time for free. Doing something enjoyable without spending money.

Im Park kann man sich wunderbar kostenlos die Zeit vertreiben.

neutral

"Keinen Pfennig kosten"

To not cost a penny. An older idiom still used to mean something is free.

Das Ticket wird dich keinen Pfennig kosten.

informal

혼동하기 쉬운

kostenlos vs frei

Both translate to 'free' in English.

Frei refers to freedom or being unoccupied. Kostenlos refers specifically to money.

Ein freier Tag (a day off) vs. ein kostenloser Tag (a day that costs nothing).

kostenlos vs umsonst

Both can mean 'free of charge'.

Umsonst is more colloquial and can also mean 'in vain' or 'without result'.

Ich habe umsonst gewartet (I waited in vain).

kostenlos vs gratis

They are direct synonyms.

Gratis is a Latin loanword often used in marketing. Kostenlos is the standard Germanic term.

Gratis-Probe vs. kostenlose Probe.

kostenlos vs unentgeltlich

Both mean 'without payment'.

Unentgeltlich is a formal legal term. Kostenlos is for everyday use.

Unentgeltliche Übertragung von Rechten.

kostenlos vs kostengünstig

Both contain the word 'kosten'.

Kostengünstig means 'inexpensive' or 'cost-effective', not zero cost.

Ein kostengünstiges Angebot.

문장 패턴

Das [Noun] ist kostenlos.

Das WLAN ist kostenlos.

Ist das [Noun] kostenlos?

Ist das Wasser kostenlos?

Ich suche einen/eine/ein kostenlose(n/s) [Noun].

Ich suche einen kostenlosen Parkplatz.

Man kann hier kostenlos [Verb].

Man kann hier kostenlos parken.

Wir bieten [Noun] kostenlos an.

Wir bieten die Beratung kostenlos an.

Es ist toll, dass [Noun] kostenlos ist.

Es ist toll, dass der Eintritt kostenlos ist.

Ab einem Bestellwert von [Zahl] ist der Versand kostenlos.

Ab einem Bestellwert von 50 Euro ist der Versand kostenlos.

Die unentgeltliche [Noun] ist ein wichtiger Aspekt.

Die unentgeltliche Bereitstellung ist ein wichtiger Aspekt.

어휘 가족

명사

동사

형용사

사용법

frequency

Extremely high in both spoken and written German.

자주 하는 실수

Ich bin kostenlos. → Ich habe Zeit. / Ich bin frei.
Saying 'Ich bin kostenlos' sounds like you are a product with a price of zero. Use 'frei' for availability.
Ein kostenlos Buch. → Ein kostenloses Buch.
Adjectives before a noun must have an ending. For a neuter noun like 'Buch' after 'ein', it's '-es'.
Der Eintritt ist frei. → Der Eintritt ist kostenlos.
While 'Eintritt frei' is a common sign, in a sentence, 'kostenlos' is more precise for 'no charge'.
Ich habe umsonst gearbeitet (meaning I worked for free). → Ich habe kostenlos gearbeitet.
Using 'umsonst' can imply your work was useless or in vain. 'Kostenlos' is safer.
Kostenlose Versand. → Kostenloser Versand.
Versand is masculine. In the nominative case with no article, the ending is '-er'.

팁

Adjective Endings

Remember that 'kostenlos' only needs an ending if it's right before a noun. If it's at the end of 'Das ist...', leave it as 'kostenlos'.

Precision

Use 'kostenlos' for money and 'frei' for freedom. This is the most common mistake for English speakers.

Skepticism

Germans are often skeptical of 'free' things. Be prepared for them to ask 'Was ist der Haken?' (What's the catch?).

Natural Flow

In casual speech, 'umsonst' is very common. Use it with friends, but stick to 'kostenlos' at work.

App Stores

When browsing the German App Store, look for 'Laden' (Load) next to 'kostenlos' apps.

Public Transport

Check if your hotel offers a 'kostenlose Gästekarte' for free local transport.

Legal Terms

In contracts, look for 'unentgeltlich'. It's the lawyer's way of saying 'kostenlos'.

Free Shipping

Look for 'versandkostenfrei' to save money on German websites.

Generosity

If you bring something for others, say 'Das ist kostenlos' or 'Greift zu!' (Help yourselves!).

Mnemonics

Link 'kostenlos' to 'cost-less' in your mind. It's a perfect literal translation.

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'Cost-Less'. 'Kosten' sounds like 'Cost' and 'los' sounds like 'less'. If it is 'cost-less', it is 'kostenlos'!

시각적 연상

Imagine a price tag on a product that has a big '0,00 €' written on it in green ink. Next to it is the word 'KOSTENLOS'.

Word Web

Kosten Geld Null Gratis Umsonst Sparen Angebot Geschenk

챌린지

Try to find three things in your current room that were 'kostenlos' and say it out loud in German: 'Dieses Buch war kostenlos.'

어원

The word is a relatively modern German formation, combining the noun 'Kosten' with the suffix '-los'. 'Kosten' comes from the Middle High German 'kosten', which in turn stems from the Old French 'coster' and Latin 'constare' (to stand firm, to cost). The suffix '-los' is related to the English '-less' and indicates the absence of something.

원래 의미: The original meaning of the components was 'without standing at a price' or simply 'without costs'.

Germanic (German) with Latin roots in the first component.

문화적 맥락

Be careful when using 'kostenlos' for professional services; it might imply a lack of quality if not framed as a special offer or public service.

In English, 'free' is used for both 'liberty' and 'price'. In German, you must use 'frei' for liberty and 'kostenlos' for price. Mixing them up is a classic 'Anglicism'.

The 'Geiz ist geil' marketing campaign by Saturn. The 'Null-Tarif' concept in public policy debates. The 'Kostenlos-Kultur' of the early internet era.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Online Shopping

Kostenloser Versand
Kostenlose Rücksendung
Kostenloses Kundenkonto
Kostenlose Lieferung

Public Services

Kostenlose Bildung
Kostenloser Nahverkehr
Kostenlose Beratung
Kostenlose Broschüren

Software & Apps

Kostenlos herunterladen
Kostenlose Testversion
Kostenlose Updates
Kostenlos registrieren

Travel & Tourism

Kostenloses WLAN
Kostenlose Stadtpläne
Kostenlose Parkplätze
Kostenlose Stornierung

Social Interactions

Das ist kostenlos.
Gibt es das kostenlos?
Ich habe es kostenlos bekommen.
Kostenlos abzugeben.

대화 시작하기

"Wissen Sie, ob der Eintritt in dieses Museum heute kostenlos ist?"

"Gibt es in dieser Stadt irgendwo kostenloses WLAN für Touristen?"

"Ich habe gehört, dass man hier am Wochenende kostenlos parken kann. Stimmt das?"

"Können Sie mir eine kostenlose App zum Deutschlernen empfehlen?"

"Ist der Versand bei diesem Online-Shop eigentlich immer kostenlos?"

일기 주제

Schreibe über eine Situation, in der du etwas Tolles kostenlos bekommen hast. Was war es?

Sollte der öffentliche Nahverkehr in allen Städten kostenlos sein? Warum oder warum nicht?

Was sind die Vor- und Nachteile von kostenlosen Apps auf deinem Smartphone?

Gibt es in deiner Heimatstadt viele kostenlose Freizeitangebote? Beschreibe sie.

Denkst du, dass Bildung für jeden Menschen kostenlos sein sollte? Begründe deine Meinung.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

While both can mean 'free of charge,' 'umsonst' is more colloquial and has a second meaning: 'in vain.' To avoid confusion, use 'kostenlos' when you want to be clear about the price being zero. For example, 'Das Buch ist kostenlos' is always clear, but 'Das Buch ist umsonst' could theoretically mean the book is useless.

Only in specific compound words or set phrases like 'Eintritt frei' or 'versandkostenfrei.' In general, 'frei' means 'at liberty' or 'available.' If you say 'Ich bin kostenlos,' you are saying you cost nothing, which is usually not what you mean when you want to say 'I am free' (available).

It can be both. As an adjective, it comes before a noun and takes endings (e.g., 'ein kostenloser Service'). As an adverb, it modifies a verb and stays the same (e.g., 'Man kann hier kostenlos parken').

'Kostenlos' is slightly more formal and standard. 'Gratis' is very common in advertising and marketing slogans. In professional writing, 'kostenlos' or 'kostenfrei' is preferred.

It is a very formal and legal synonym for 'kostenlos.' You will see it in contracts or official documents to mean 'without remuneration' or 'without payment.'

The most common ways are 'kostenloser Versand' or 'versandkostenfrei.' You will see these on almost every German e-commerce site.

No. When an adjective follows a linking verb like 'sein' (to be), it is in its predicative form and does not take any endings. For example: 'Das Ticket ist kostenlos.'

Rarely. Using it for people can sound like you are putting a price tag on them. Use 'frei' if you mean someone is available or 'ehrenamtlich' if they are working for free (volunteering).

The most direct opposite is 'kostenpflichtig' (subject to a fee). Other opposites include 'teuer' (expensive) or 'bezahlt' (paid).

Yes, 'die Kostenlosigkeit,' but it is quite a long and formal word. It is used in academic or economic discussions about 'free' services.