brutally 30초 만에
- Describes actions or conditions that are extremely cruel, harsh, or direct.
- Implies a lack of mercy and disregard for feelings or consequences.
- Used for violence, severe weather, or uncompromising honesty.
- Conveys intensity and severity.
The adverb 'brutally' describes actions or events that are carried out with extreme cruelty, harshness, or a shocking lack of consideration for others' feelings. It paints a vivid picture of something being done in a way that is severe, unforgiving, and often violent or unpleasant. Think of it as the extreme end of directness or harshness. When something is done 'brutally,' there's no sugarcoating, no softening of the blow. It implies a complete disregard for gentleness or diplomacy.
- Physical Violence
- It can describe physical attacks that are excessively violent and without mercy. For example, 'The victim was brutally attacked in the alley.' This implies the assault was not just violent, but exceptionally so.
- Harsh Conditions
- 'Brutally' is also used to describe severe or unforgiving conditions, especially in nature or in difficult situations. Think of weather: 'The winter was brutally cold.' Or a challenging climb: 'The ascent was brutally steep.' It conveys the intensity of the hardship.
- Uncompromising Honesty
- In a less violent, but still direct sense, 'brutally' can describe honesty that is so direct it might be hurtful. 'He was brutally honest about the project's flaws.' This means he didn't hold back his criticism, even if it was uncomfortable for others to hear. It’s honesty without any attempt to soften the message.
- Failures and Defeats
- It can also be used to describe significant failures or defeats. 'The team was brutally defeated in the championship game.' This suggests the loss was overwhelming and perhaps humiliating.
The company's profits were brutally affected by the economic downturn.
Essentially, 'brutally' signals an extreme, often negative, intensity. It's not a word used lightly, as it carries a strong connotation of harshness and lack of mercy. Whether describing physical acts, environmental conditions, or blunt communication, it emphasizes the severity and unforgiving nature of the situation.
Consider the context: if someone is 'brutally honest,' they are telling the absolute truth without trying to make it easier to hear. If a storm is 'brutally cold,' it's not just cold, it's dangerously, unpleasantly cold. If a defeat is 'brutal,' it's a complete and utter loss, possibly with significant consequences. This adverb amplifies the impact of the adjective or verb it modifies, making the description more intense and impactful.
- Unfiltered Reality
- 'Brutally' often points to the raw, unfiltered reality of a situation, stripping away any pretense or niceties. It’s the word you use when something is undeniably and starkly harsh.
- Emotional Impact
- The use of 'brutally' can also heighten the emotional impact of a statement. Describing an event as 'brutal' makes it feel more significant and potentially more distressing to the listener or reader.
The reporter described the conditions in the refugee camp as brutally harsh.
Using 'brutally' effectively adds a layer of intensity and harshness to your descriptions. It's an adverb, so it modifies verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, emphasizing the extreme nature of the action or quality. Think about what you want to convey: is it extreme violence, uncompromising honesty, or severe conditions? The context will guide you.
- Modifying Verbs (Actions)
- When 'brutally' modifies a verb, it describes how the action was performed – with extreme harshness or cruelty. For instance, 'The dictator brutally suppressed all dissent.' Here, 'brutally' intensifies 'suppressed,' indicating a violent and merciless crackdown. Similarly, 'The economy was brutally hit by the pandemic.' The action of being hit was severe and damaging.
- Modifying Adjectives (Qualities)
- 'Brutally' can also modify adjectives, emphasizing the extreme degree of a quality. 'The climber faced brutally cold temperatures.' 'Brutally' here intensifies 'cold,' meaning the cold was exceptionally severe and harsh. Another example: 'His criticism was brutally honest.' It highlights that the honesty was direct to the point of being harsh or unpleasant.
- Modifying Other Adverbs
- While less common, 'brutally' can modify other adverbs to amplify their intensity. For example, 'The team was brutally outperformed.' Here, 'brutally' emphasizes the degree to which they were outperformed – it was a complete and utter defeat.
The news came brutally clear: the project had failed.
When constructing sentences, consider the impact you want 'brutally' to have. It's a strong word, so use it where the harshness or severity is a key feature of the situation you're describing. Avoid using it for mild inconveniences or slightly unpleasant situations, as it would sound exaggerated.
Here are some sentence structures to practice:
- Subject + Verb + Brutally + Object/Complement
- Example: 'The market brutally rejected the new product.'
- Subject + Be + Brutally + Adjective
- Example: 'The conditions on the battlefield were brutally difficult.'
- Subject + Verb + Adverb + Brutally
- Example: 'The company performed surprisingly brutally in the last quarter.'
The word 'brutally' is frequently encountered in contexts where harshness, severity, or uncompromising directness is a defining characteristic. You'll often hear it in news reports, discussions about conflict, descriptions of challenging environments, and even in critiques or feedback.
- News and Current Events
- In news reporting, 'brutally' is used to convey the severity of events. You might hear: 'The city was brutally hit by the earthquake,' or 'Protesters were brutally dispersed by riot police.' It emphasizes the destructive force or the harshness of the actions taken.
- Discussions of Conflict and Violence
- When talking about wars, attacks, or any form of physical aggression, 'brutally' is often employed. 'The soldiers were brutally interrogated,' or 'The village was brutally sacked.' This highlights the extreme cruelty and lack of mercy involved.
- Descriptions of Difficult Conditions
- Environmental challenges, economic hardship, or difficult physical tasks often get described with 'brutally.' For instance, 'The hikers faced brutally steep terrain,' or 'The recession brutally impacted small businesses.' It signifies a harsh and unforgiving reality.
- Feedback and Criticism
- In professional or academic settings, 'brutally honest' is a common phrase. It refers to feedback that is direct and unflinching, even if it might be uncomfortable. 'The editor was brutally honest about the manuscript's weaknesses.'
The film depicted the harsh realities of war brutally.
You might also encounter it in literature, films, and personal accounts where authors or speakers want to convey the stark, unvarnished truth of a difficult experience. It's a word that grabs attention and signals that the subject matter is serious and potentially disturbing.
In casual conversation, it might be used slightly more hyperbolically to describe a very difficult task or a significant setback, but the core meaning of harshness remains. For example, someone might say, 'I was brutally tired after that workout,' meaning they were extremely exhausted.
- Sports Commentary
- Commentators might say, 'The home team was brutally outplayed in the second half,' indicating a complete dominance by the opposing team.
- Business News
- 'The company's stock price plummeted brutally following the scandal.' This emphasizes the severe and rapid decline.
While 'brutally' is a powerful adverb, its misuse can lead to confusion or make your language sound inappropriate. Here are some common mistakes to avoid:
- Overusing it for mild unpleasantness
- Mistake: 'The weather was brutally a bit chilly today.' Correct: 'The weather was a bit chilly today.' or 'The weather was brutally cold.' Using 'brutally' for something only mildly unpleasant dilutes its impact and sounds exaggerated. 'Brutally' implies extreme harshness, not just a slight discomfort.
- Confusing it with 'brutal' (adjective)
- Mistake: 'He acted brutally.' Correct: 'He acted brutally' (if describing how he acted) or 'His actions were brutal.' 'Brutal' is an adjective describing a noun (e.g., a brutal attack), while 'brutally' is an adverb describing a verb or adjective (e.g., attacked brutally, brutally honest). Ensure you're using the correct part of speech.
- Applying it to positive situations
- Mistake: 'She sang brutally well.' Correct: 'She sang brilliantly well' or 'She sang exceptionally well.' 'Brutally' carries negative connotations of cruelty and harshness. It is not suitable for describing positive qualities or actions.
- Misplacing the adverb
- Mistake: 'The news was brutally very bad.' Correct: 'The news was brutally bad' or 'The news was very bad.' While placing adverbs before other adverbs is possible, in this case, 'brutally' directly modifies 'bad,' so placing 'very' between them is awkward. The adverb should generally be placed as close as possible to the word it modifies for clarity.
Incorrect: 'He brutally kindly helped me.' Correct: 'He kindly helped me.' or 'He brutally treated me.' Kindness and brutality are opposites.
Remember that 'brutally' implies a lack of mercy, extreme harshness, or unflinching directness. If your intended meaning doesn't align with these concepts, choose a different adverb.
Another common error is using it in contexts where 'frankly' or 'honestly' would be more appropriate and less jarring, especially when the honesty isn't necessarily cruel but just very direct. For instance, instead of 'He brutally told me my idea was bad,' it might be better to say 'He frankly told me my idea was bad,' unless the delivery was indeed harsh.
While 'brutally' conveys a specific kind of extreme harshness, several other words and phrases can be used depending on the exact nuance you wish to express. Understanding these alternatives allows for more precise and varied language.
- Synonyms with Similar Intensity
- Cruelly: Emphasizes the infliction of pain or suffering. 'The prisoners were cruelly treated.'
- Harshly: Focuses on severity and lack of gentleness. 'The judge imposed a harshly worded sentence.'
- Mercilessly: Highlights the absence of pity or compassion. 'The enemy attacked mercilessly.'
- Viciously: Suggests extreme violence and malevolence. 'The dog attacked viciously.'
- Savagely: Implies primitive, uncontrolled violence. 'The animals were savagely attacked.'
- Alternatives for Directness (Less Violent)
- Frankly: Implies directness and honesty, often without trying to please. 'Frankly, I don't think this will work.'
- Bluntly: Similar to frankly, but can sometimes imply a lack of tact. 'He bluntly stated his opinion.'
- Directly: Simply means without deviation or indirectness. 'She directly asked for the promotion.'
- Uncompromisingly: Suggests a refusal to moderate principles or demands. 'They uncompromisingly held to their beliefs.'
- Alternatives for Severe Conditions
- Severely: A general term for great intensity. 'The storm severely damaged the coast.'
- Extremely: A common intensifier for adjectives. 'The conditions were extremely difficult.'
- Terribly: Often used informally to mean 'very' or 'severely.' 'The train was terribly delayed.'
- Dreadfully: Similar to terribly, often implying a negative or severe situation. 'The news was dreadfully disappointing.'
- Phrases conveying similar meaning
- Without mercy: 'They were attacked without mercy.'
- With no regard for feelings: 'He gave feedback with no regard for feelings.'
- Stripped bare: Used metaphorically for situations laid open harshly. 'The economic reality was stripped bare.'
Instead of 'The review was brutally critical,' you could say 'The review was harshly critical' or 'The review was unsparing in its criticism.'
Choosing the right word depends on whether you want to emphasize cruelty, lack of pity, extreme directness, or the severity of conditions. While 'brutally' is effective for conveying extreme, often violent harshness, these alternatives offer more specific shades of meaning.
How Formal Is It?
재미있는 사실
The term 'brutalism' in architecture, which emerged in the mid-20th century, is related. It describes a style characterized by raw, exposed concrete and massive, blocky forms, often perceived as harsh or unrefined, echoing the 'brutal' aesthetic of strength and raw material.
발음 가이드
- Mispronouncing the vowel sound in the first syllable (e.g., saying it like 'broo-tally').
- Adding stress to the second syllable ('bru-TAL-ly').
- Not clearly enunciating the 't' sound.
- Making the final 'ly' sound too strong.
난이도
Recognizable for its strong negative connotation. Learners might initially associate it only with violence, but understanding its use for directness and severe conditions requires more context. CEFR B2 level is appropriate.
Appropriate for expressing strong emphasis on harshness or uncompromising directness. Requires careful consideration of context to avoid overuse or misapplication.
Can be used effectively to add emphasis, but should be used judiciously to maintain its impact and avoid sounding overly aggressive or dramatic.
Generally easy to identify due to its distinct sound and strong meaning, but its precise nuance (violence vs. honesty vs. conditions) depends on the surrounding words.
다음에 무엇을 배울까
선수 학습
다음에 배울 것
고급
알아야 할 문법
Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.
'Brutally' modifies the adjective 'cold' in 'The weather was brutally cold.'
Adverbs of manner describe how an action is performed.
'Brutally' describes the manner of the attack: 'He was brutally attacked.'
Placement of adverbs can affect emphasis.
'He brutally attacked the problem' emphasizes the manner of the attack. 'The problem was brutally attacked' emphasizes the object receiving the action.
Using adverbs to intensify adjectives.
'Brutally honest' intensifies the adjective 'honest', meaning extremely honest.
Distinguishing between adjectives and adverbs.
Remember 'brutal' (adjective) describes a noun (e.g., 'a brutal fight'), while 'brutally' (adverb) describes a verb or adjective (e.g., 'fought brutally,' 'brutally unfair').
수준별 예문
The dog was very angry.
Think of a word that means 'very angry' or 'fierce'.
Adjective describing a noun.
It was a cold day.
How cold was it? Very, very cold.
Adjective describing a noun.
He spoke loudly.
How did he speak? Not softly.
Adverb describing a verb.
The test was hard.
Very hard, difficult.
Adjective describing a noun.
She lost the game.
She lost by a lot.
Verb describing an action.
The wind was strong.
Very strong.
Adjective describing a noun.
He told the truth.
He told the whole truth, without hiding anything.
Adverb modifying verb.
The fall was bad.
A very bad fall.
Adjective describing a noun.
The news was very upsetting.
Think of a word that means 'extremely upsetting' or 'shocking'.
Adverb modifying adjective.
The climb up the mountain was difficult.
How difficult? Extremely difficult.
Adverb modifying adjective.
He gave his opinion directly.
He gave his opinion without hesitation or softening it.
Adverb modifying verb.
The storm caused significant damage.
How significant? Very, very significant.
Adverb modifying adjective.
The team was defeated badly.
They lost by a large margin.
Adverb modifying verb.
The winter was harsh.
Extremely harsh and cold.
Adverb modifying adjective.
She spoke her mind openly.
She spoke her mind without fear or concern for consequences.
Adverb modifying verb.
The accident was terrible.
Extremely terrible.
Adverb modifying adjective.
The artist's new work was brutally honest about societal issues.
The honesty was direct and perhaps uncomfortable, not softened.
Adverb modifying adjective 'honest'.
The company was brutally affected by the new regulations.
The impact of the regulations was severe and harsh.
Adverb modifying verb 'affected'.
He faced brutally cold weather during his expedition.
The cold was extreme and very harsh.
Adverb modifying adjective 'cold'.
The film depicted the violence brutally.
The violence was shown in a harsh, unsparing, and perhaps graphic way.
Adverb modifying verb 'depicted'.
The market conditions were brutally competitive.
The competition was extremely fierce and unforgiving.
Adverb modifying adjective 'competitive'.
She was brutally rejected for the job.
The rejection was harsh and without any consideration for her feelings.
Adverb modifying verb 'rejected'.
The novel unflinchingly portrayed the suffering.
This describes the portrayal as direct and without softening.
Adverb modifying verb 'portrayed'.
The economic downturn hit the industry hard.
The impact was severe.
Adverb modifying verb 'hit'.
The journalist's report brutally exposed the corruption within the government.
The report revealed the corruption in a harsh, direct, and uncompromising manner.
Adverb modifying verb 'exposed'.
The climbers had to endure brutally steep ascents and treacherous weather.
The ascents were extremely steep and difficult to overcome, and the weather was dangerous.
Adverb modifying adjective 'steep'.
His feedback, though difficult to hear, was brutally honest and ultimately helpful.
The honesty was direct, without any attempt to soften the criticism, but it served a useful purpose.
Adverb modifying adjective 'honest'.
The company's profits were brutally slashed due to increased competition.
The profits were drastically and severely reduced.
Adverb modifying verb 'slashed'.
The historical account brutally depicted the harsh realities of war.
The depiction was stark, severe, and showed the unpleasant truths without embellishment.
Adverb modifying verb 'depicted'.
She found herself brutally abandoned by her supposed friends.
The abandonment was sudden, harsh, and without any compassion.
Adverb modifying verb 'abandoned'.
The economic crisis brutally exposed the weaknesses in the country's infrastructure.
The crisis revealed the weaknesses in a stark and severe way.
Adverb modifying verb 'exposed'.
The exam was brutally difficult, leaving many students discouraged.
The exam was extremely challenging, to the point of being discouraging.
Adverb modifying adjective 'difficult'.
The novel's narrative unflinchingly confronts the reader with the protagonist's descent into madness.
The narrative presents the descent into madness directly and without softening its impact.
Adverb modifying verb 'confronts'.
The political discourse was brutally polarized, leaving little room for compromise.
The division between political viewpoints was extreme, harsh, and uncompromising.
Adverb modifying adjective 'polarized'.
He delivered his critique of the proposal so bluntly that it seemed almost gratuitous.
The critique was delivered with such directness and lack of tact that it felt unnecessary or excessive.
Adverb modifying the implied verb 'delivered'.
The environmental degradation was brutally evident in the barren landscape.
The damage to the environment was starkly and undeniably clear.
Adverb modifying adjective 'evident'.
The company's strategic missteps were brutally laid bare by the market downturn.
The mistakes were exposed in a stark, severe, and undeniable way.
Adverb modifying verb 'laid'.
Her performance was characterized by a brutally efficient execution of the demanding choreography.
The execution was extremely efficient, perhaps even ruthless in its precision.
Adverb modifying adjective 'efficient'.
The austerity measures were brutally enforced, leading to widespread hardship.
The enforcement was harsh, severe, and without leniency.
Adverb modifying verb 'enforced'.
The film's ending offered a brutally realistic portrayal of loss.
The portrayal was extremely realistic, showing the harsh and unvarnished truth of experiencing loss.
Adverb modifying adjective 'realistic'.
The historian's analysis brutally deconstructed the myth of the nation's benevolent founding.
The analysis dismantled the myth in a severe, uncompromising, and critical manner, revealing its flaws.
Adverb modifying verb 'deconstructed'.
In the aftermath of the disaster, the sheer scale of the destruction was brutally apparent.
The scale of destruction was overwhelmingly and starkly obvious.
Adverb modifying adjective 'apparent'.
The novel's prose spares no quarter, brutally exposing the hypocrisy inherent in the characters' social circles.
The writing is unsparing and harsh in revealing the hypocrisy.
Adverb modifying verb 'exposing'.
The economic reforms, though necessary, were implemented so brutally that they precipitated social unrest.
The implementation was extremely harsh and severe, leading to negative consequences.
Adverb modifying verb 'implemented'.
His pronouncements, delivered with an almost theatrical finality, were brutally dismissive of any dissenting opinions.
The dismissiveness was extreme, harsh, and absolute.
Adverb modifying adjective 'dismissive'.
The artwork's visceral impact derived from its brutally honest depiction of urban decay.
The depiction was extremely honest and stark, conveying the harsh reality of urban decay.
Adverb modifying adjective 'honest'.
The military strategy was ruthlessly effective, brutally achieving its objectives with minimal concern for collateral damage.
The achievement of objectives was severe and harsh, with little regard for unintended harm.
Adverb modifying verb 'achieving'.
The director's vision was uncompromisingly realized, resulting in a film that was both artistically brilliant and brutally challenging.
The realization was without compromise, and the film was intensely challenging.
Adverb modifying adjective 'challenging'.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
— To be extremely direct and truthful, often to the point of being harsh or unpleasant for the listener.
He's known for being brutally honest, so don't expect him to sugarcoat his feedback.
— Describing weather that is extremely cold and uncomfortable, often dangerously so.
We had to cancel the outdoor event because the weather turned brutally cold overnight.
— To be subjected to extreme physical violence, with significant force and cruelty.
The news reported that the hikers were brutally attacked by wild animals.
— Achieving results in a very direct, efficient, and often ruthless manner.
The new marketing campaign was brutally effective, doubling sales in a single quarter.
— Describes a task, situation, or challenge that is extremely hard to overcome.
The final exam was brutally difficult; many students struggled to finish it on time.
— Characterized by intense and often unforgiving competition.
The tech industry is known for being brutally competitive, with companies constantly vying for market share.
— Presenting a situation or portrayal with extreme and unflinching accuracy, often highlighting unpleasant truths.
The documentary offered a brutally realistic look at the struggles of refugees.
— Rules or laws that are applied with extreme strictness and without leniency.
The new security measures were brutally enforced, with no exceptions allowed.
— Criticism or comments that are direct, unvarnished, and may be difficult to receive.
While it stung, her brutally honest feedback helped me improve my presentation skills.
— Extremely obvious or unmistakable, leaving no room for doubt.
After the audit, the company's financial problems became brutally clear.
자주 혼동되는 단어
'Brutal' is an adjective, describing a noun (e.g., 'a brutal attack'). 'Brutally' is an adverb, describing a verb or adjective (e.g., 'attacked brutally,' 'brutally unfair'). Ensure you use the correct part of speech.
While both imply harshness, 'cruelly' specifically emphasizes the infliction of pain or suffering, often with malice. 'Brutally' can encompass extreme harshness, directness, or severity, not always involving deliberate infliction of pain.
'Harshly' focuses on severity and lack of gentleness. 'Brutally' often suggests a higher degree of severity, potentially involving violence or an uncompromising lack of consideration.
혼동하기 쉬운
Both words derive from the same root and share the core meaning of harshness and severity.
'Brutal' is an adjective used to describe nouns (e.g., 'a brutal winter'). 'Brutally' is an adverb used to modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs (e.g., 'it was brutally cold,' 'he acted brutally'). You use 'brutal' to describe the thing itself, and 'brutally' to describe how something is done or how intense something is.
The movie depicted a brutal fight scene. The fighters fought brutally.
Both 'brutally' and 'cruelly' describe negative, harsh actions or situations.
'Cruelly' specifically emphasizes the intent to cause pain or suffering, often with a sense of malice or lack of empathy. 'Brutally' can imply cruelty, but it also extends to describe extreme harshness, severity, or an uncompromising directness that might not necessarily involve inflicting pain but rather a stark and unforgiving reality.
The captors cruelly tortured the prisoner. The conditions in the prison were brutally harsh.
Both words indicate a lack of gentleness and a degree of severity.
'Harshly' is a broader term for severity or roughness. 'Brutally' implies a more extreme, often unforgiving or violent level of harshness. You can harshly criticize someone, but you might be brutally honest if your criticism is direct and potentially hurtful without softening.
The critic harshly reviewed the book. The critic brutally dissected the book's flaws.
Both 'brutally' and 'severely' are used to indicate a high degree of intensity or negative impact.
'Severely' is a general intensifier for negative situations (e.g., 'severely damaged,' 'severely injured'). 'Brutally' adds a layer of harshness, cruelty, or uncompromising directness that 'severely' often lacks. Something can be severely cold, but it is brutally cold when it's exceptionally harsh and unforgiving.
The building was severely damaged by the fire. The fire spread brutally through the old structure.
Both 'brutally' and 'uncompromisingly' suggest a lack of softening or moderation.
'Uncompromisingly' focuses on a refusal to yield or moderate principles, demands, or standards. It implies steadfastness. 'Brutally' emphasizes the harshness, cruelty, or extreme directness of the action or quality, often with a negative or severe outcome.
The negotiator uncompromisingly demanded the release of all prisoners. The negotiator brutally ended the talks.
문장 패턴
Subject + Verb + brutally.
The storm raged brutally.
Subject + Be + brutally + Adjective.
The winter was brutally cold.
Subject + Verb + brutally + Object/Complement.
The company was brutally affected by the changes.
Brutally + Adjective + Noun.
They faced brutally difficult conditions.
Subject + Verb + Adverb + brutally.
The news was brutally clear.
Adverbial Phrase + Subject + Verb + Object.
Brutally honest, he told her the truth.
Subject + Verb + Object + Adverbial Phrase (emphasizing manner).
The report exposed the corruption brutally.
Noun + 's + Brutally + Adjective + Noun.
The project's brutally honest assessment shocked the team.
어휘 가족
명사
동사
형용사
관련
사용법
Moderately common, particularly in contexts involving conflict, hardship, or direct criticism.
-
Using 'brutally' for mild unpleasantness.
→
The weather was a bit chilly.
Saying 'The weather was brutally chilly' exaggerates the discomfort. 'Brutally' implies extreme, unforgiving harshness, not just mild cold.
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Confusing 'brutally' (adverb) with 'brutal' (adjective).
→
He was brutally honest.
'Brutal' describes a noun ('a brutal person'), while 'brutally' describes how an action is done or how intense an adjective is ('acted brutally,' 'brutally unfair').
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Applying 'brutally' to positive qualities.
→
She sang exceptionally well.
'Brutally' has negative connotations of harshness and cruelty. It is not appropriate for describing positive attributes like singing ability.
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Misplacing the adverb for emphasis.
→
The news was brutally bad.
Placing 'brutally' directly before 'bad' emphasizes the severity of the bad news. Placing 'very' between them ('brutally very bad') is awkward and less impactful.
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Using 'brutally' when 'harshly' or 'cruelly' is more specific.
→
The prisoners were cruelly treated.
While 'brutally' can imply cruelty, 'cruelly' specifically highlights the intent to inflict pain or suffering. If the focus is purely on the lack of gentleness, 'harshly' might be better.
팁
Emphasize Extreme Severity
Use 'brutally' when you need to convey a very high degree of harshness, cruelty, or unforgiving directness. It's for situations that are significantly beyond mildly unpleasant or difficult. Think of it as an intensifier that adds a negative, severe edge.
Consider the Connotation
The word 'brutally' carries strong negative connotations. It implies a lack of mercy, gentleness, or consideration. Ensure that the context you are describing genuinely aligns with these negative aspects, whether it's physical violence, severe conditions, or blunt, potentially hurtful honesty.
Adverb Function
Remember that 'brutally' is an adverb. It modifies verbs (e.g., 'attacked brutally'), adjectives (e.g., 'brutally cold'), or other adverbs. Make sure you are placing it correctly in your sentence to modify the intended word and convey the precise meaning.
Choose Precision
While 'brutally' is powerful, consider if a synonym like 'harshly,' 'cruelly,' 'mercilessly,' or 'uncompromisingly' might better capture the specific nuance you intend. For directness without necessarily implying cruelty, 'frankly' or 'bluntly' might be more suitable.
Link to 'Brute' Force
Connect 'brutally' to the idea of 'brute force' – overwhelming, unrefined power. This association can help you remember its meaning of extreme, ungentle action or impact.
Sentence Building
Practice constructing sentences using 'brutally' in different contexts: describing weather, an action, a piece of feedback, or a difficult situation. This active practice will solidify your understanding and usage.
Recognize 'Brutally Honest'
Be aware of the common idiom 'brutally honest.' It signifies feedback that is extremely direct, possibly uncomfortable, but often intended to be truthful and helpful. Understand its nuances in social contexts.
Don't Overuse
Avoid using 'brutally' for situations that are only mildly unpleasant. Overuse diminishes its impact and can make your language sound hyperbolic or insensitive. Save it for genuinely extreme circumstances.
Stress and Sound
Pay attention to the pronunciation: 'BRU-ta-lee,' with the stress on the first syllable. Ensure the 't' sound is clear and the final 'ly' is unstressed for accurate pronunciation.
Trace the Origin
Understanding that 'brutally' stems from 'brutal' (meaning heavy, dull, unfeeling) and ultimately 'brutus' (heavy, stupid) can reinforce its core meaning of lacking refinement, gentleness, or compassion.
암기하기
기억법
Imagine a 'bruise' (sounds like 'bru-') that is so painful and deep, it's 'tally' (sounds like 'tally') marks of suffering. The pain is inflicted 'brutally'. Or, think of a 'brute' who acts 'ally' (like) he doesn't care about anyone, doing things 'brutally'.
시각적 연상
Picture a character from a violent movie, perhaps a warrior or a villain, performing an action with extreme force and no mercy. Visualize the impact of their actions being harsh and unforgiving. For example, see a knight 'brutally' smashing a shield, or a storm 'brutally' tearing down trees.
Word Web
챌린지
Try to describe three different scenarios using 'brutally': one involving physical action, one involving weather or conditions, and one involving communication or feedback. Focus on conveying the extreme harshness in each.
어원
The word 'brutally' originates from the adjective 'brutal,' which itself comes from the Latin word 'brutalis,' meaning 'heavy, coarse, unfeeling, animal-like.' This Latin term is derived from 'brutus,' meaning 'heavy, dull, stupid.' The concept evolved to describe actions or individuals lacking refinement, intellect, or compassion, hence emphasizing harshness and cruelty.
원래 의미: Heavy, dull, stupid; coarse, unfeeling, animal-like.
Indo-European > Italic > Latin > French > English문화적 맥락
The word 'brutally' carries strong negative connotations. It should be used with caution, especially when describing sensitive topics like violence, trauma, or personal criticism. Overuse or inappropriate application can desensitize listeners to genuine severity or appear overly dramatic and insensitive.
In English-speaking cultures, 'brutally honest' is a widely understood idiom, signaling a preference for direct communication, even if it lacks social niceties. It can be seen as a sign of respect for the other person's intelligence, implying they can handle the truth without being coddled. However, it can also be perceived as rude or lacking empathy depending on the context and delivery.
실생활에서 연습하기
실제 사용 상황
Describing acts of violence or aggression.
- brutally attacked
- brutally repressed
- brutally treated
Describing harsh environmental or physical conditions.
- brutally cold
- brutally difficult
- brutally steep
Giving or receiving direct, potentially uncomfortable feedback.
- brutally honest
- brutally critical
- brutally realistic
Discussing severe economic or political situations.
- brutally impacted
- brutally enforced
- brutally competitive
Describing extreme defeats or failures.
- brutally defeated
- brutally outperformed
- brutally slashed
대화 시작하기
"Have you ever experienced weather that was brutally cold?"
"Can you think of a time when someone was brutally honest with you?"
"What's the most brutally difficult task you've ever had to complete?"
"How do you think media portrayals of violence can be described as brutally realistic?"
"In what situations might it be necessary for feedback to be brutally honest?"
일기 주제
Describe a time you witnessed or experienced something that felt brutally unfair. What were the circumstances and your feelings?
Reflect on a situation where you had to be brutally honest with someone. How did you approach it, and what was the outcome?
Imagine you are describing a challenging natural environment. Use 'brutally' to convey the harshness of the conditions.
Think about a piece of art, music, or literature that you found to be brutally realistic. What made it so impactful?
Consider a time when a decision or event had a brutally negative impact on a situation. Analyze the cause and effect.
자주 묻는 질문
10 질문'Brutal' is an adjective, meaning savagely violent, cruel, or harsh. It describes nouns. For example, 'It was a brutal attack.' 'Brutally' is an adverb, meaning in a brutal manner. It describes verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. For example, 'He was brutally attacked,' or 'The winter was brutally cold.'
Use 'brutally' when you want to emphasize not just the intensity, but also the harshness, cruelty, or uncompromising directness of the situation. 'Very' and 'extremely' are general intensifiers. 'Brutally' adds a specific connotation of severity and lack of mercy or gentleness. For example, 'It was extremely cold' is factual, but 'It was brutally cold' suggests the cold was harsh and unforgiving.
'Brutally honest' means being extremely direct and truthful, often without softening the message. While honesty is generally valued, 'brutally honest' feedback can sometimes be perceived as harsh, tactless, or even cruel, depending on the context and delivery. It's effective when the recipient needs unvarnished truth for improvement, but can be damaging if delivered without empathy.
Yes, 'brutally' can be used for non-violent situations to describe extreme harshness or uncompromising directness. For example, 'The economic downturn brutally impacted small businesses' describes a severe negative effect, not violence. Similarly, 'The exam was brutally difficult' refers to extreme challenge, not cruelty.
Yes, avoid using 'brutally' for situations that are only mildly unpleasant or inconvenient, as it will sound exaggerated. Also, it's generally inappropriate for positive qualities or actions; you wouldn't say someone sang 'brutally well.' It carries strong negative connotations of harshness and cruelty, so use it where those meanings are genuinely intended.
'Brutally' derives from 'brutal,' which in turn comes from the Latin 'brutus,' meaning 'heavy' or 'dull.' Over time, 'brutal' evolved to mean coarse, unfeeling, and savage. A 'brute' is a coarse, strong, and often stupid person, or an animal acting in a savage way. So, 'brutally' describes actions done in a manner characteristic of a brute – lacking refinement, feeling, or mercy.
Some very common collocations include 'brutally honest,' 'brutally attacked,' 'brutally cold,' 'brutally defeated,' and 'brutally difficult.' These phrases help illustrate the different ways the adverb is used to emphasize severity or harshness.
Absolutely. 'Brutally' can describe abstract concepts or situations where the harshness is metaphorical. For instance, 'The market conditions were brutally competitive,' or 'The truth was brutally clear.' In these cases, it emphasizes the severity and unforgiving nature of the abstract situation.
The core meaning and connotation of 'brutally' are largely the same in both British and American English. It consistently conveys extreme harshness, cruelty, or directness. Differences in usage would likely be stylistic rather than semantic.
Try writing sentences describing different scenarios: a harsh weather event, a very direct criticism, a severe economic impact, or a violent act. Then, review your sentences to ensure 'brutally' accurately conveys the intended level of harshness and fits the context. Comparing your sentences to examples can also be helpful.
셀프 테스트 56 질문
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Summary
The adverb 'brutally' signifies an extreme level of harshness, cruelty, or directness, often implying a lack of mercy and a disregard for feelings or consequences. It is used to describe severe actions, conditions, or statements that are uncompromising and impactful.
- Describes actions or conditions that are extremely cruel, harsh, or direct.
- Implies a lack of mercy and disregard for feelings or consequences.
- Used for violence, severe weather, or uncompromising honesty.
- Conveys intensity and severity.
Emphasize Extreme Severity
Use 'brutally' when you need to convey a very high degree of harshness, cruelty, or unforgiving directness. It's for situations that are significantly beyond mildly unpleasant or difficult. Think of it as an intensifier that adds a negative, severe edge.
Consider the Connotation
The word 'brutally' carries strong negative connotations. It implies a lack of mercy, gentleness, or consideration. Ensure that the context you are describing genuinely aligns with these negative aspects, whether it's physical violence, severe conditions, or blunt, potentially hurtful honesty.
Adverb Function
Remember that 'brutally' is an adverb. It modifies verbs (e.g., 'attacked brutally'), adjectives (e.g., 'brutally cold'), or other adverbs. Make sure you are placing it correctly in your sentence to modify the intended word and convey the precise meaning.
Choose Precision
While 'brutally' is powerful, consider if a synonym like 'harshly,' 'cruelly,' 'mercilessly,' or 'uncompromisingly' might better capture the specific nuance you intend. For directness without necessarily implying cruelty, 'frankly' or 'bluntly' might be more suitable.
예시
The wind was blowing brutally against the small cabin all night.
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