When you are immune to a sickness, it means you cannot get that sickness. You are safe from it. This often happens after you get a shot, called a vaccine, or after you have been sick with it before. For example, if you are immune to the flu, you won't get the flu. It's like having a shield that protects you.
When we talk about someone being immune, it primarily refers to their biological resistance to a particular infectious disease. This protection is often acquired through vaccination, which introduces a weakened or inactive form of a pathogen to stimulate the body's defenses, or through natural exposure and recovery from the illness, leading to the development of specific antibodies and memory cells. Consequently, an immune individual's body can swiftly recognize and neutralize the pathogen upon subsequent encounters, preventing the onset of the disease.
§ Understanding 'Immune'
The word "immune" is quite versatile and can be used in several contexts, primarily functioning as an adjective. Understanding its nuances is key to using it effectively in your writing and conversation.
- DEFINITION
- Immune describes the state of being protected from a specific disease, typically through vaccination or prior exposure. It can also figuratively refer to being unaffected by something negative, such as criticism, or being exempt from certain duties or legal consequences.
When using "immune," pay close attention to the preposition that follows, as it often dictates the specific meaning you're conveying.
§ Immune (to something)
This is the most common usage, especially in the context of health and protection. It implies resistance or protection from a specific thing, whether it's a disease, a negative influence, or even a feeling.
After recovering from the chickenpox, she was immune to it for life.
His years of experience made him almost immune to criticism.
The company's strong financial position made it immune to the market fluctuations.
§ Immune (from something)
This usage often implies exemption or freedom from a duty, obligation, or legal consequence. It suggests a special status that prevents one from being affected by something that would normally apply.
Diplomats are often immune from prosecution in the countries where they are posted.
The ancient law made certain religious institutions immune from taxation.
As a public official, she was not immune from public scrutiny.
§ Common Phrases and Collocations
"Immune" frequently appears in certain phrases. Here are a few examples:
- Immune system: Refers to the body's natural defense mechanism against diseases.
- Immune response: The way the body reacts to a foreign substance or pathogen.
- To be/become immune: A general way to express the state of being protected.
Eating healthy foods helps strengthen your immune system.
The vaccine triggers an immune response, preparing the body to fight off infection.
Many people hope to become immune to certain viruses through natural exposure.
§ Grammatical Considerations
"Immune" is an adjective. It modifies nouns and can be used in predicative positions (after a verb like 'to be') or attributive positions (before a noun).
- Predicative: The patient is immune to the flu.
- Attributive: She has an incredibly strong immune system.
§ Nuances and Figurative Use
The figurative uses of "immune" are particularly important for a B2 learner. They allow for more sophisticated expression.
- Unaffected by criticism/emotions:
- Resistant to change/influence:
The seasoned politician seemed immune to the negative press.
Some traditional cultures are immune to modern trends.
수준별 예문
After getting the flu shot, she was immune to the virus that season.
After getting the flu shot, she was protected from the virus that season.
Here, 'immune' is used as an adjective to describe her state of protection.
The children who had already had chickenpox were immune to it when their friends got sick.
The children who had already had chickenpox were protected from it when their friends got sick.
This sentence also uses 'immune' as an adjective, indicating a natural protection.
He was immune to the teasing because he knew it wasn't true.
He was unaffected by the teasing because he knew it wasn't true.
In this case, 'immune' is used figuratively, meaning he was not affected emotionally.
The special ambassador was immune from prosecution in that country.
The special ambassador was exempt from prosecution in that country.
Here, 'immune from' means exempt from a legal consequence.
Plants can be immune to certain pests, meaning the pests don't harm them.
Plants can be protected from certain pests, meaning the pests don't harm them.
This example shows 'immune' in a biological context, referring to natural resistance.
She felt immune to criticism because she was confident in her work.
She felt unaffected by criticism because she was confident in her work.
Similar to the teasing example, 'immune to' here implies being unaffected by negative comments.
Once you've had measles, you're usually immune for life.
Once you've had measles, you're usually protected for life.
This is a common usage related to diseases, showing a long-term state of protection.
The strong walls made the castle immune to attack.
The strong walls made the castle protected from attack.
This uses 'immune to' in a slightly figurative way, meaning the castle was very well-defended and safe from harm.
After getting the flu shot, she felt immune to the winter sicknesses going around.
После прививки от гриппа она чувствовала себя защищенной от зимних болезней.
Here, 'immune' is used in its literal sense, referring to protection from disease.
The politician seemed immune to the criticism from the media, continuing with his policies.
Политик казался невосприимчивым к критике со стороны СМИ, продолжая свою политику.
This is a figurative use of 'immune,' meaning unaffected by something negative.
Children who have had chickenpox are usually immune to it for the rest of their lives.
Дети, переболевшие ветрянкой, обычно имеют к ней иммунитет на всю оставшуюся жизнь.
Another literal use, highlighting long-term protection after exposure.
He developed a thick skin and became immune to their teasing over time.
Со временем он стал толстокожим и невосприимчивым к их поддразниваниям.
Figurative use, showing a person becoming unaffected by repeated negative interactions.
Diplomats are often immune from local laws when serving in foreign countries.
Дипломаты часто освобождены от местных законов при работе в зарубежных странах.
This use of 'immune from' means being exempt from duties or legal consequences.
The new security system made the building virtually immune to cyber attacks.
Новая система безопасности сделала здание практически неуязвимым для кибератак.
Figurative use, implying strong protection against a negative event.
She was immune to his charm; she'd heard all those lines before.
Она была невосприимчива к его обаянию; она уже слышала все эти фразы раньше.
Figurative use, meaning not susceptible or affected by someone's persuasive qualities.
Being immune to certain allergies can greatly improve one's quality of life.
Быть невосприимчивым к определенным аллергиям может значительно улучшить качество жизни.
Literal use, referring to protection from allergic reactions.
Regular exercise can bolster your immune system, making you less susceptible to common colds and flu.
Olahraga teratur dapat memperkuat sistem kekebalan Anda, membuat Anda tidak mudah terserang flu biasa.
Here, 'immune system' is used as a noun phrase referring to the body's defense mechanism.
After recovering from chickenpox, most individuals are immune to the virus for the rest of their lives.
Setelah pulih dari cacar air, sebagian besar individu kebal terhadap virus tersebut seumur hidup mereka.
'Immune to' is a common collocation, indicating protection against something specific.
Her years of experience in public speaking had made her almost immune to stage fright.
Pengalaman bertahun-tahun dalam berbicara di depan umum membuatnya hampir kebal terhadap demam panggung.
This sentence uses 'immune' figuratively, meaning unaffected by a negative experience.
Diplomatic immunity grants certain foreign officials protection from prosecution under the host country's laws.
Kekebalan diplomatik memberikan perlindungan kepada pejabat asing tertentu dari tuntutan hukum di bawah undang-undang negara tuan rumah.
'Diplomatic immunity' is a fixed phrase referring to a legal exemption.
The company seemed immune to the economic downturn, consistently reporting strong profits.
Perusahaan itu tampaknya kebal terhadap penurunan ekonomi, secara konsisten melaporkan keuntungan yang kuat.
Another figurative use of 'immune,' implying resilience or being unaffected by negative external factors.
Scientists are working tirelessly to develop a vaccine that would make people immune to HIV.
Para ilmuwan bekerja tanpa lelah untuk mengembangkan vaksin yang akan membuat orang kebal terhadap HIV.
This sentence again uses 'immune to' in a literal, medical context.
Despite the harsh criticism, the artist remained immune to the negative reviews, focusing on her creative vision.
Meskipun mendapat kritik keras, seniman itu tetap kebal terhadap ulasan negatif, berfokus pada visi kreatifnya.
Here, 'immune to' means unaffected by criticism, similar to the stage fright example.
Some rare genetic conditions can render individuals immune to certain types of cancer.
Beberapa kondisi genetik langka dapat membuat individu kebal terhadap jenis kanker tertentu.
'Immune to' is used in a medical context, indicating inherent protection.
동의어
반의어
자주 묻는 질문
10 질문Yes, absolutely! Being immune to one disease doesn't prevent you from developing immunity to others. Your body's immune system can learn to protect against many different pathogens simultaneously, either through vaccination or exposure.
That's a great question, and it really varies. For some diseases, like measles, immunity can be lifelong after vaccination or infection. For others, like the flu, immunity might only last a season, and you might need annual vaccinations. It depends on the specific virus or bacteria and how your immune system responds.
That's a common question. While natural infection can provide immunity, vaccines are generally considered safer and more reliable. Natural infection carries risks of severe illness, complications, and even death, whereas vaccines offer protection without those dangers. The immunity from vaccines is often just as effective, if not more so, for preventing future illness.
This is an important point. Even if you're immune and don't get sick yourself, it's possible in some cases to still carry and transmit the pathogen to others, especially if you have a mild or asymptomatic infection. This is why public health measures like handwashing and sometimes mask-wearing are still recommended even for those who are immune.
That's an interesting figurative use of the word! When someone is described as 'immune to criticism,' it means they are unaffected by it. They don't let negative comments or judgments bother them or influence their actions. It implies a strong sense of self-confidence or perhaps a thick skin.
Yes, there are! The two main types are active immunity, which your body develops after being exposed to a pathogen or receiving a vaccine, and passive immunity, which is when you receive antibodies from an external source, like a baby getting antibodies from their mother through breast milk. Passive immunity is usually short-lived.
Absolutely. Your immune system is closely linked to your overall health and well-being. Chronic stress, poor diet, lack of sleep, and an unhealthy lifestyle can all weaken your immune system, making you more susceptible to illness. Conversely, a healthy lifestyle can help keep your immune system strong.
That's a legal context. If someone is 'immune from prosecution,' it means they are legally protected from being charged with a crime or facing legal penalties, even if they have committed an offense. This can happen in specific circumstances, such as for diplomats or under certain legal agreements.
While a balanced diet provides essential nutrients for a healthy immune system, the idea of 'boosting' immunity with supplements is often oversimplified. There's limited scientific evidence that specific supplements can significantly enhance your immune response beyond what a healthy diet provides. It's always best to consult with a healthcare professional before taking supplements.
That's a fascinating observation! There are several factors at play. Genetic predisposition can influence how strong your immune response is to certain pathogens. Past exposures to similar viruses or bacteria can also provide some cross-protection. Additionally, overall health, age, and lifestyle choices all contribute to individual differences in immune resilience.
셀프 테스트 90 질문
What disease is mentioned?
What did the baby get to be immune?
What happened before being immune?
Read this aloud:
I am immune to the common cold now.
Focus: immune
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
Are you immune to the measles?
Focus: measles
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
Many people are immune to smallpox.
Focus: smallpox
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Write a short sentence about someone who is healthy and doesn't get sick often.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
My brother is healthy and immune to colds.
Imagine you have a magic shield that protects you from rain. Write a sentence about it.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
I have a magic shield, so I am immune to the rain.
Write a simple sentence about not being affected by something bad someone says.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Her words were bad, but I was immune to them.
What made Tom strong and healthy?
Read this passage:
Tom ate an apple every day. He also played outside a lot. Because of this, Tom was strong and healthy. He rarely got sick.
What made Tom strong and healthy?
The passage states that Tom ate an apple every day and played outside a lot, making him strong and healthy.
The passage states that Tom ate an apple every day and played outside a lot, making him strong and healthy.
What helps the dog stay protected from diseases?
Read this passage:
My dog has had all his shots. The doctor said he is protected from many diseases now. He is a very happy dog.
What helps the dog stay protected from diseases?
The passage says the dog 'had all his shots' and 'is protected from many diseases now.'
The passage says the dog 'had all his shots' and 'is protected from many diseases now.'
What happens when mean words are said to strong people?
Read this passage:
Some people don't get sad when others are mean. They are strong inside. Mean words do not hurt them.
What happens when mean words are said to strong people?
The passage states, 'Mean words do not hurt them.'
The passage states, 'Mean words do not hurt them.'
Think about protection from sickness.
Consider someone who isn't affected by negative words.
Think about being exempt from rules or payments.
Read this aloud:
I want to be immune to the cold this winter.
Focus: immune
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
Being immune to chickenpox means you won't get it again.
Focus: chickenpox
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
Some people are immune to certain allergies.
Focus: allergies
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
After getting the flu shot, many people become ___ to the flu virus.
To be immune means to be protected from a disease, often through vaccination.
Even when his friends teased him, John seemed ___ to their comments and didn't get upset.
In this context, immune means unaffected by something negative, like criticism.
The ambassador was ___ from certain taxes in the foreign country.
To be immune can also mean to be exempt from certain duties or legal consequences.
If you are immune to a disease, you can still easily catch it.
Being immune means you are protected from a disease, so you are less likely to catch it.
Someone who is immune to criticism is often easily hurt by negative comments.
If you are immune to criticism, it means you are unaffected by it, not easily hurt.
Being immune from something always means you are protected from an illness.
Immune can also mean being unaffected by negative things or exempt from duties, not just protected from illness.
Imagine you're explaining to a friend why it's important to get vaccinated. Use the word 'immune' in your explanation.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Getting vaccinated makes your body immune to certain diseases. It means you are protected and won't get sick easily. It's a good way to stay healthy.
Describe a situation where someone might be 'immune' to criticism. What qualities does this person have?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Someone who is immune to criticism is often very confident and doesn't let negative comments affect them. They might have a strong belief in themselves and what they are doing.
Write a short sentence using 'immune' to describe something that is not affected by a common problem.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
This new material seems immune to rust, which is great for outdoor use.
What happens to people who become immune to the flu virus?
Read this passage:
After getting the flu shot, many people become immune to the flu virus. This means their body has learned to fight off the virus if they come into contact with it. Being immune can prevent you from getting sick and spreading the illness to others.
What happens to people who become immune to the flu virus?
The passage states that 'their body has learned to fight off the virus' when they become immune.
The passage states that 'their body has learned to fight off the virus' when they become immune.
What does it mean if someone is 'naturally immune' to an allergy?
Read this passage:
Some people are naturally immune to certain allergies. This means their body does not react to things like pollen or pet dander in the same way other people's bodies do. It can be a great advantage to be immune to something that bothers many others.
What does it mean if someone is 'naturally immune' to an allergy?
The passage explains that 'their body does not react to things like pollen or pet dander' if they are naturally immune to certain allergies.
The passage explains that 'their body does not react to things like pollen or pet dander' if they are naturally immune to certain allergies.
According to the passage, what quality does a good leader need regarding small setbacks?
Read this passage:
A good leader needs to be somewhat immune to small setbacks. If every little problem discourages them, they won't be able to lead effectively. They must have the ability to keep going even when things are difficult.
According to the passage, what quality does a good leader need regarding small setbacks?
The passage states that 'a good leader needs to be somewhat immune to small setbacks' to lead effectively.
The passage states that 'a good leader needs to be somewhat immune to small setbacks' to lead effectively.
This sentence correctly orders the words to form a coherent statement about immunity.
This sentence uses 'immune' in a figurative sense, indicating resistance to criticism.
This sentence correctly uses 'immune' to mean exempt from laws.
After receiving the vaccine, she was ___ to the flu virus.
To be 'immune' means to be protected from a disease, often through vaccination.
His long experience made him ___ to criticism in his field.
Figuratively, 'immune' can mean unaffected by something negative, like criticism.
The ambassador was declared ___ from local laws due to diplomatic privilege.
'Immune' can also mean exempt from certain duties or legal consequences.
Children often develop an ___ system after being exposed to common childhood illnesses.
The 'immune system' is the body's defense against disease.
Despite the harsh economic conditions, their business seemed ___ to the recession.
In a figurative sense, 'immune' can describe being unaffected by negative circumstances.
Some rare genetic conditions make individuals ___ to certain types of infections.
If someone is 'immune' to an infection, they are protected from it.
After recovering from chickenpox, most people are ___ to the disease for the rest of their lives.
To be 'immune' means to be protected from a disease, often after having it once.
Despite the harsh criticism, the experienced politician seemed ___ to the negative comments.
In this figurative sense, 'immune' means unaffected by something negative, like criticism.
The new law made certain groups ___ from paying the tax.
To be 'immune' can also mean to be exempt from certain duties or legal consequences.
If you are immune to a disease, you can still easily catch it.
Being 'immune' means you are protected from the disease, so you are unlikely to catch it.
A person who is immune to criticism is easily upset by negative remarks.
If someone is 'immune' to criticism, they are unaffected by it, not easily upset.
Being immune from a responsibility means you are required to fulfill it.
Being 'immune' from a responsibility means you are exempt from it, not required to fulfill it.
Think about protection from illness.
Consider being unaffected by negative things.
This relates to being exempt from legal consequences.
Read this aloud:
It's important to build up your immune system to fight off infections.
Focus: immune system
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
Even though he faced many setbacks, his determination made him immune to discouragement.
Focus: immune to discouragement
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
The new policy ensures that no one is immune from following the rules.
Focus: immune from following
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Imagine you are a public health official. Write a short paragraph explaining the importance of widespread vaccination for achieving 'herd immunity' against a common infectious disease. Use the word "immune" at least once.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Achieving widespread vaccination is crucial for public health, as it leads to 'herd immunity.' When a significant portion of the population becomes immune through vaccination, it creates a protective barrier, making it much harder for infectious diseases to spread. This protects not only those who are vaccinated but also vulnerable individuals who cannot be immunized.
You are writing a character description. Describe a person who is 'immune' to criticism, explaining how this trait affects their personality and actions. Use the word "immune" at least once.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Eleanor possesses a remarkable trait: she seems utterly immune to criticism. Whether positive or negative, external opinions rarely sway her conviction or alter her path. This makes her incredibly self-assured, allowing her to pursue unconventional ideas without fear of judgment, though some might perceive it as stubbornness.
Write a sentence describing a situation where someone might be considered 'immune' from a particular responsibility or obligation, and briefly explain why.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Due to their diplomatic status, foreign ambassadors are often considered immune from local laws and taxes, ensuring they can perform their duties without interference.
According to the passage, what is the primary benefit of the new vaccine?
Read this passage:
After years of scientific research, a new vaccine has been developed that promises to make individuals immune to the common flu virus. This breakthrough could significantly reduce annual outbreaks and alleviate the strain on healthcare systems worldwide. However, public trust and widespread adoption remain crucial for its success.
According to the passage, what is the primary benefit of the new vaccine?
The passage states that the vaccine 'promises to make individuals immune to the common flu virus,' indicating this is its primary benefit.
The passage states that the vaccine 'promises to make individuals immune to the common flu virus,' indicating this is its primary benefit.
What can be inferred about the artist's reaction to criticism?
Read this passage:
Despite facing relentless criticism from various media outlets, the controversial artist seemed completely immune to the negative press. He continued to produce his avant-garde work without any discernible change in his artistic vision or public demeanor, much to the bewilderment of his detractors.
What can be inferred about the artist's reaction to criticism?
The passage states that the artist 'seemed completely immune to the negative press' and 'continued to produce his avant-garde work without any discernible change,' indicating he was unaffected.
The passage states that the artist 'seemed completely immune to the negative press' and 'continued to produce his avant-garde work without any discernible change,' indicating he was unaffected.
Why is diplomatic immunity granted to certain individuals?
Read this passage:
In many legal systems, certain individuals, such as heads of state or diplomats, are granted immunity from prosecution for specific offenses while in office. This diplomatic immunity is a principle of international law, designed to ensure the smooth functioning of international relations.
Why is diplomatic immunity granted to certain individuals?
The passage explains that diplomatic immunity is 'designed to ensure the smooth functioning of international relations.'
The passage explains that diplomatic immunity is 'designed to ensure the smooth functioning of international relations.'
This sentence describes how the immune system functions by adapting to new threats to the body.
This sentence uses 'immune' figuratively to mean unaffected by something negative, in this case, criticism.
This sentence uses 'immune' to mean exempt from certain legal consequences.
The company's long history of ethical practices made it largely ____ to accusations of corporate misconduct.
In this context, 'immune' means unaffected by something negative, such as criticism or accusations.
After years of public service, the senator seemed almost ____ to the constant scrutiny of the media.
Here, 'immune' implies being unaffected or unbothered by the media's scrutiny.
Thanks to a robust vaccination program, the community is largely ____ to the spread of the disease.
In this instance, 'immune' refers to being protected from a specific disease, often through vaccination.
The new legislation granted certain officials ____ from prosecution for actions taken in their official capacity.
'Immunity' here signifies being exempt from legal consequences.
Despite the harsh criticism, the artist appeared surprisingly ____, continuing to produce work without compromise.
This usage of 'immune' indicates being unaffected by negative feedback like criticism.
Through repeated exposure, the scientist's system became ____ to the mild toxins.
Here, 'immune' means the body has developed protection against the toxins due to prior exposure.
The senator, after years of public scrutiny, seemed to have developed an almost ______ to criticism.
In this context, 'immune' refers to being unaffected by something negative, like criticism, fitting the senator's long experience.
Despite the prevailing economic downturn, the luxury goods market appeared to be ______ to the recession's effects.
Here, 'immune' is used figuratively to suggest the luxury goods market was unaffected by the negative economic conditions.
Following a prolonged period of intense training, the athlete's body became remarkably ______ to common sports injuries.
The training made the athlete's body resistant to injuries, hence 'immune' is the most appropriate choice.
A company can be described as 'immune' to market fluctuations if it consistently experiences significant losses during economic downturns.
If a company experiences significant losses during downturns, it is clearly affected by market fluctuations, meaning it is not 'immune' to them.
Figuratively, if an individual is 'immune' to flattery, it means they are easily swayed by compliments.
To be 'immune' to something negative (like the potentially manipulative aspect of flattery) means to be unaffected by it, not easily swayed.
When a legal document grants someone 'immunity' from prosecution, it signifies that they are exempt from facing legal charges for specific actions.
Legal immunity indeed means being exempt from prosecution or legal consequences.
Focus on how 'immune' is used figuratively.
Consider the legal context of 'immune'.
Think about how past experiences can lead to being 'immune' to certain feelings.
Read this aloud:
The company's long-standing success made it seem immune to economic downturns, a perception that proved costly during the last recession.
Focus: immune, economic, downturns, perception, recession
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
While some individuals are naturally more resilient, developing an 'immune' response to stress often involves a combination of coping mechanisms and mindset shifts.
Focus: immune, resilient, mechanisms, mindset, shifts
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
The antiquated legal system was, for a long time, immune to calls for reform, much to the frustration of social justice advocates.
Focus: antiquated, legal, immune, reform, frustration, advocates
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence describes a politician unaffected by criticism, which is a figurative use of 'immune.'
This sentence uses 'immunity' in the sense of being exempt from legal consequences.
This sentence uses 'immune' in its primary medical sense, referring to protection from disease.
/ 90 correct
Perfect score!
예시
Most people are immune to chickenpox after they have had it once.
관련 콘텐츠
맥락에서 배우기
이 단어를 다른 언어로
Health 관련 단어
abortion
B2The medical termination of a pregnancy before the fetus is capable of independent life. It can also describe the premature failure or ending of a plan, project, or mission.
abortions
C1임신이 여러 번 중단되는 것을 의미하는 단어입니다. 자연적으로 발생하거나 인위적으로 발생할 수 있습니다.
abrasion
B2피부가 쓸려서 생긴 얕은 상처를 말해. 물질이 마찰 때문에 닳아서 깎여 나가는 현상을 뜻하기도 해.
acuity
B2Acuity refers to the sharpness or keenness of thought, vision, or hearing. It describes the ability to perceive small details clearly or to understand complex situations quickly and accurately.
acute
B2갑자기 발생하여 매우 심각하거나 강렬한 상황을 말해요. 예리한 통찰력이나 감각이 아주 뛰어날 때도 사용합니다.
addictary
C1To systematically induce a state of physiological or psychological dependence in a subject through repetitive exposure or habitual engagement. It describes the active process of making someone or something prone to a compulsive habit or substance.
addicted
B1몸에 좋지 않다는 것을 알면서도 끊을 수 없고 꼭 필요하다고 느끼는 상태를 말해요. 이에 의존하게 된 거예요.
addiction
B2Addiction is a chronic and complex condition characterized by the compulsive use of a substance or engagement in a behavior despite harmful consequences. It involves a lack of control over the activity and can manifest as both physical and psychological dependence.
adrenaline
B2스트레스나 놀랐을 때 몸에서 나오는 호르몬이에요. 심장이 빨리 뛰게 하고 에너지를 줘서 위험에 대처하게 만들어요.
advivcy
C1Relating to the active promotion of vitality, health, and sustained life within a professional, clinical, or structural framework. It describes a proactive and life-affirming stance in guidance or treatment intended to revitalize a system or individual.
