Chapter in 30 Seconds
Master the art of describing your world and articulating your future plans in fluent Spanish.
- Categorize adjectives based on their placement and nuance.
- Apply apocope rules for natural-sounding speech.
- Construct sentences to express ongoing actions and future intentions.
배울 내용
Hey there! In this chapter, you're about to make a huge leap in your Spanish journey and learn how to talk about your actions and plans! First up, you'll master how to use adjectives correctly; for example, when to say red car and when to say good book. Plus, there's a cool trick to shorten some adjectives like bueno, malo, and grande (to buen, mal, gran) when they come before a singular noun, making you sound super natural. Once you get these down, you'll easily be able to describe anything, like
This is a good friendor "That's a big house." Next, we'll dive into how to say
What am I doing right now?With
Estar + Gerundio, you'll effortlessly learn to say things like I am learning or He is eating. This opens up a whole new world for describing everything that's happening around you in the present moment. And finally, the best part: how to express What am I going to do?Using
Ir a, you'll easily say I am going to go shoppingor
I am going to travel this weekend.This structure will empower you to plan for the future and communicate all your intentions right away. After this chapter, you wont just know words; you'll know how to say so much with them. Ready to speak Spanish like a local? Let's go!
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스페인어 형용사 어순: 왜 일부는 앞에 올까요?양이나 주관적인 의견을 나타낼 때는 형용사를 명사 앞에 두세요. 하지만 색깔이나 국적처럼 객관적인 사실은 명사 뒤에 와요.
mucho,gran,buen -
단축 형용사 형태: 좋은, 나쁜, 위대한 (buen, mal, gran)스페인어 원어민처럼 자연스럽게 들리려면, 단수 명사 앞에 오는 형용사
bueno,malo,grande를 줄여서 써야 해요. -
지금 하고 있는 일 (Estar + Gerundio)estar 동사의 현재형과
-ando또는-iendo형태의 현재분사를 조합해서 '지금 이 순간'의 동작을 생생하게 묘사하세요. -
'~할 것이다' 미래: 계획과 의도 (Ir a)'ir' 동사의 현재형만 잘 알아두면, 스페인어로 미래에 대한 거의 모든 대화를 바로 시작할 수 있어! 마치 마법의 열쇠 같은 거지. 핵심은
ir동사 현재형이야.
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
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1
By the end you will be able to: Use adjectives before and after nouns to convey specific emotional or descriptive meaning.
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2
By the end you will be able to: Narrate ongoing actions and plan future events using correct syntax.
챕터 가이드
Overview
Expressing Plans and Actions,is designed to equip you with the tools to articulate not just *what* things are, but *what's happening* and *what's going to happen*.
How This Grammar Works
going to [do something]in English. You conjugate the verb ir (to go) according to the subject, add the preposition a, and then the infinitive of the action verb.
Common Mistakes
- 1✗ Wrong: Es un bueno libro.
- 1✗ Wrong: Ella ser estudiando.
- 1✗ Wrong: Vamos viajar a España el próximo año.
going to future construction (Ir a + Infinitive) always requires the preposition a between the conjugated form of ir and the infinitive verb.Real Conversations
A
B
A
B
A
B
Quick FAQ
When do Spanish adjectives typically go before the noun, and how does it affect their meaning?
Adjectives usually follow the noun, but when placed before, they often emphasize an inherent quality or change their meaning. For example, un viejo amigo (an old friend, meaning a long-time friend) vs. un amigo viejo (an elderly friend).
Can I use the simple present tense instead of estar + gerundio to talk about current actions?
Yes, in many Latin American regions and sometimes in Spain, the simple present tense can express ongoing actions, especially for habits or actions that are generally true. However, estar + gerundio specifically highlights the *process* of the action happening *at this exact moment*.
Is ir a + infinitive always interchangeable with the simple future tense in C1 Spanish?
While both express future actions, ir a + infinitive is more common for immediate, planned, or certain future events and is generally preferred in spoken Spanish. The simple future tense often conveys more distant, less certain, or more formal predictions.
Cultural Context
주요 예문 (8)
¡Vas a flipar con el nuevo episodio de la serie!
너 그 드라마 새 에피소드 보고 깜짝 놀랄 걸!
'~할 것이다' 미래: 계획과 의도 (Ir a)팁과 요령 (4)
남성 단수 명사 앞 규칙
un buen amigo (좋은 친구)는 맞지만, una buena amiga (좋은 여자 친구)처럼 여성 명사 앞에서는 'o'를 유지해야 해요.성별 함정
buen과 mal은 남성 명사 앞에만 사용된다는 걸 꼭 기억하세요. 여성 명사 앞에서는 buena나 mala를 써야 해요. gran만 성별에 상관없이 사용된답니다. 예를 들어, «좋은 여자친구»는 una buena novia라고 해야 해요.미래 표현의 함정
Voy mañana.'Ir'를 두 번 써도 괜찮아!
Voy a ir a Barcelona este verano.
핵심 어휘 (5)
Real-World Preview
Planning a Trip
Review Summary
- Noun + Adjective
- bueno/malo/grande + singular noun
- Estar + Gerundio
- Ir (conjugated) + a + infinitive
자주 하는 실수
You must truncate 'grande' to 'gran' when it comes before a singular noun.
Don't forget the 'a' in the 'ir a' structure! It is essential for the future intent.
While grammatically possible, placing 'buen' before the noun is much more natural.
이 챕터의 규칙 (4)
Next Steps
You've completed the first step of your journey! Keep practicing these structures in your daily life, and you'll be speaking like a local in no time.
Describe your surroundings out loud using Estar + Gerundio
빠른 연습 (10)
Choose the best option:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: '~할 것이다' 미래: 계획과 의도 (Ir a)
Él es un ___ estudiante.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어 형용사 어순: 왜 일부는 앞에 올까요?
Nosotros estamos bebiendo café cada mañana.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 지금 하고 있는 일 (Estar + Gerundio)
Hoy es un ___ día.
día 앞에 bueno는 'o'를 생략하고 buen이 됩니다.frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 단축 형용사 형태: 좋은, 나쁜, 위대한 (buen, mal, gran)
Choose the correct option:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 지금 하고 있는 일 (Estar + Gerundio)
Yo ___ (comer) una hamburguesa.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: '~할 것이다' 미래: 계획과 의도 (Ir a)
Find and fix the mistake:
Tengo un malo presentimiento.
presentimiento처럼 남성 단수 명사 앞에서는 malo가 mal로 줄어들어야 합니다.frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 단축 형용사 형태: 좋은, 나쁜, 위대한 (buen, mal, gran)
Find and fix the mistake:
Nosotros vamos estudiar para el examen.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: '~할 것이다' 미래: 계획과 의도 (Ir a)
Ahora mismo, yo ___ (escuchar) música.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 지금 하고 있는 일 (Estar + Gerundio)
문법적으로 올바른 문장을 고르세요:
grande는 어떤 단수 명사 앞에서도 항상 gran으로 줄어듭니다.frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 단축 형용사 형태: 좋은, 나쁜, 위대한 (buen, mal, gran)
Score: /10
자주 묻는 질문 (6)
un coche rojo (빨간 차)처럼 색깔은 뒤에 와요.un libro bueno처럼 원형을 사용한답니다.Una gran pizza는 피자가 엄청나게 컸다는 의미가 아니라, 정말 맛있었다는 뜻이에요.Estamos bailando.Estoy comiendo.