When you're just starting to learn Estonian, knowing how to talk about health is super useful. The word haige is a key adjective you'll want to learn. It means 'sick' or 'ill'. You can use it to describe yourself or someone else.
For example, if you're not feeling well, you can say 'Ma olen haige' (I am sick). Or if your friend is unwell, you might say 'Ta on haige' (He/she is sick). It's a simple, direct way to express this common state.
§ Understanding 'Haige' in Context
Alright, let's get practical with the Estonian word haige. You've probably already figured out that it means 'sick' or 'ill'. But knowing where and how you'll actually hear this word is key to making it stick. Forget academic theories; we're talking about real-life situations – work, school, and even the news.
§ 'Haige' at Work
In a work environment, 'haige' is one of those words you hope you don't have to use often, but it's essential to know. If you're not feeling well and need to inform your boss or colleagues, this is the word you'll need.
- Common phrases
- Minu laps on haige. (My child is sick.)
- Ma olen haige. (I am sick.)
- Ta jäi haigeks. (He/she became sick.)
Ma ei saa täna tööle tulla, sest ma olen haige.
- Translation hint
- I cannot come to work today because I am sick.
Kas sa oled haige? Sa näed väsinud välja.
- Translation hint
- Are you sick? You look tired.
§ 'Haige' in School
Similar to work, 'haige' is relevant in a school setting, whether you're a student, a parent, or a teacher. Kids get sick, and parents need to inform the school.
Õpetaja, ma olen natuke haige.
- Translation hint
- Teacher, I am a little sick.
Minu poeg on haige ja ei tule täna kooli.
- Translation hint
- My son is sick and won't come to school today.
§ 'Haige' in the News
You'll also hear 'haige' in more general contexts, especially when discussing public health or specific illnesses. It's not always about an individual feeling unwell, but can refer to a condition or a group of people.
Paljud inimesed on praegu haiged gripiga.
- Translation hint
- Many people are currently sick with the flu.
Arstid ravivad haigeid lapsi.
- Translation hint
- Doctors treat sick children.
§ Beyond the Obvious
While the primary meaning of 'haige' is physical illness, like in many languages, it can sometimes be used metaphorically or to describe something that is just 'not right' or 'messed up'. However, stick to the literal meaning for now as you're starting out. Mastering the basics is always the best approach.
Keep practicing these sentences. The more you hear and use 'haige' in these everyday contexts, the more natural it will become. Don't be afraid to make mistakes – that's how we learn!
재미있는 사실
This word has cognates in other Finnic languages, like Finnish 'heikko' (weak) and Votic 'aigo' (sick).
알아야 할 문법
Estonian adjectives agree with the noun they describe in case and number. For 'haige', this means it changes its ending depending on the noun's form.
See laps on haige. (This child is sick.) | Ma näen haigeid lapsi. (I see sick children.)
When 'haige' is used predicatively (after a form of 'olema' - to be), it is in the nominative case.
Ta on haige. (He/She is sick.)
'Haige' can also be used as a noun meaning 'patient' or 'sick person'. In this case, it declines like a regular noun.
Haige ootab arsti. (The patient is waiting for the doctor.)
The comparative form of 'haige' is 'haigem' (sicker/more ill) and the superlative is 'kõige haigem' (sickest/most ill).
Ta on haigem kui eile. (He/She is sicker than yesterday.)
In some expressions, 'haige' can take on a more figurative meaning, for example, 'haige mõte' (a sick/crazy idea).
See on haige mõte! (That's a crazy idea!)
수준별 예문
Ta tundis end eile halvasti ja jäi täna haigeks.
He felt bad yesterday and became sick today.
jääma haigeks - to become sick
Kui oled haige, on parem kodus püsida, et teisi mitte nakatada.
When you are sick, it's better to stay home not to infect others.
olema haige - to be sick
Pärast haigust on vaja aega taastumiseks.
After an illness, you need time to recover.
haigus (noun) - illness, sickness
Arst ütles, et ta on gripi tõttu nädal aega haige.
The doctor said he would be sick for a week due to the flu.
olema haige (millegi tõttu) - to be sick (due to something)
Kas sul on valus kõri? Äkki oled haige?
Do you have a sore throat? Maybe you are sick?
olema haige - to be sick
Laps jäi lasteaias haigeks ja vajas ravi.
The child got sick at kindergarten and needed treatment.
jääma haigeks - to become sick
Haige olemine ei ole kunagi meeldiv, eriti kui on palju tööd.
Being sick is never pleasant, especially when there is a lot of work.
haige olema - to be sick
Loodan, et sa ei ole enam haige ja tunned end paremini.
I hope you are not sick anymore and feel better.
ei ole enam haige - is not sick anymore (negative form)
Ta oli nii haige, et pidi koolist puuduma mitu päeva, kaotades seeläbi olulisi õppetunde ja jäädes maha kaasõpilastest.
He was so sick that he had to miss school for several days, thereby losing important lessons and falling behind his classmates.
The past tense 'oli' (was) and the causative 'pidi puuduma' (had to miss) are used.
Pärast pikka ja kurnavat tööpäeva tundsin end täiesti haigena, mistõttu otsustasin varakult magama minna ja järgmiseks päevaks energiat koguda.
After a long and exhausting workday, I felt completely sick, which is why I decided to go to bed early and gather energy for the next day.
'Tundsin end haigena' means 'I felt sick'. The adverb 'täiesti' (completely) intensifies the feeling.
Kuigi arvasin, et olen juba terveks saanud, andis nõrgenenud immuunsüsteem siiski märku, et olen endiselt haige, ja vajasin veel puhkust.
Although I thought I had already recovered, my weakened immune system still indicated that I was still sick, and I needed more rest.
'Terveks saanud' means 'recovered' (literally 'become healthy'). 'Endiselt haige' means 'still sick'.
Erakorralise meditsiini osakonda toodi patsient, kes oli nii haige, et vajas kohest elustamist ja intensiivravi toetust.
A patient was brought to the emergency department who was so sick that they needed immediate resuscitation and intensive care support.
'Erakorralise meditsiini osakonda' is the illative case, indicating movement into the department.
Vaatamata oma füüsilisele väsimusele ja haige olemisele suutis ta siiski hoida positiivset meeleolu ja innustada teisi edasi pingutama.
Despite his physical fatigue and being sick, he was still able to maintain a positive mood and encourage others to keep pushing.
'Haige olemisele' uses the illative case of the infinitive 'olemine' (being), showing 'despite being sick'.
Perearst soovitas mulle gripivaktsiini, et vältida talvisel perioodil haigeks jäämist ja tüsistuste tekkimist.
The family doctor recommended a flu vaccine to avoid getting sick during the winter period and developing complications.
'Haigeks jäämist' uses the partitive case of the infinitive 'jäämine' (remaining/getting), here meaning 'getting sick'.
Kuna ta oli sageli haige, hakkas ta pöörama rohkem tähelepanu oma elustiilile, et tugevdada immuunsüsteemi ja parandada üldist tervist.
Since he was often sick, he started paying more attention to his lifestyle to strengthen his immune system and improve overall health.
'Kuna ta oli sageli haige' means 'since he was often sick'. 'Sageli' is an adverb meaning 'often'.
Kuigi ta tundus terve, leiti arstlikul läbivaatusel, et ta on tegelikult üsna haige ja vajab põhjalikumat raviplaani.
Although he seemed healthy, a medical examination revealed that he was actually quite sick and needed a more thorough treatment plan.
'Tundus terve' means 'seemed healthy'. 'Üsna haige' means 'quite sick', with 'üsna' acting as an intensifier.
문법 패턴
문장 패턴
Ma olen haige.
Ma olen haige. (I am sick.)
Kas sa oled haige?
Kas sa oled haige? (Are you sick?)
Ta on väga haige.
Ta on väga haige. (He/She is very sick.)
Me oleme haiged.
Me oleme haiged. (We are sick.)
Nemad on haiged.
Nemad on haiged. (They are sick.)
Ma ei ole haige.
Ma ei ole haige. (I am not sick.)
Laps on haige.
Laps on haige. (The child is sick.)
See inimene on haige.
See inimene on haige. (This person is sick.)
팁
Basic use of 'haige'
Remember, 'haige' is an adjective meaning sick or ill. You can use it to describe a person or an animal. For example, 'Ma olen haige' means 'I am sick'.
Using 'haige' with verbs
To say someone feels sick, you can use 'haige olema'. For instance, 'Ta on haige' means 'He is sick'. If you want to say 'I feel sick', you can say 'Ma tunnen end haigena'.
Plural form of 'haige'
When describing multiple people or things as sick, 'haige' remains the same. 'Nad on haiged' means 'They are sick'. The ending changes to reflect the plural subject.
Asking if someone is 'haige'
To ask 'Are you sick?', you can say 'Kas sa oled haige?'. It's a common and polite way to inquire about someone's health.
'Haige' in different contexts
While primarily meaning sick, 'haige' can also be used figuratively, though less common at A1. Stick to its direct meaning for now. For example, 'See nali on haige' (That joke is sick/bad) is more advanced.
Pronunciation practice for 'haige'
Pay attention to the 'h' sound, which is similar to the 'h' in house. The 'ai' is like the 'eye' in pie, and 'ge' is like the 'ge' in get. Practice saying 'haige' aloud.
Common phrases with 'haige'
Learn these phrases: 'Mul on haige kurk' (I have a sore throat), 'Tal on haige kõht' (He has a stomach ache). These are very practical.
Don't confuse with 'haigus'
'Haige' is an adjective (sick), while 'haigus' is a noun (illness, disease). 'Tal on haigus' (He has an illness).
Estonian directness about illness
Estonians are often quite direct about health. If someone asks 'Kas sa oled haige?', a simple 'Jah, ma olen haige' (Yes, I am sick) or 'Ei, ma ei ole haige' (No, I am not sick) is common.
Expanding on 'haige' (A2+)
As you progress, you'll encounter 'haige' in more complex grammatical structures, like the illative case: 'läks haiglasse' (went to the hospital, where 'haige' is part of 'haigla' - hospital). Don't worry about this now.
어원
Proto-Finnic *haigëh
원래 의미: pain, illness
Uralic문화적 맥락
When someone says 'olen haige,' it directly means 'I am sick.' Estonians value directness in communication, and this phrase is used straightforwardly without much euphemism. It's common to ask 'Kuidas su tervis on?' (How is your health?) if someone looks unwell.
셀프 테스트 54 질문
Choose the correct translation for 'haige'.
'Haige' means sick or ill in Estonian.
Which word describes someone who is unwell?
'Haige' is the Estonian word for sick or ill.
If someone is 'haige', what does it mean?
'Haige' directly translates to sick or ill, indicating poor health.
The word 'haige' means happy.
'Haige' means sick or ill, not happy.
If you are 'haige', you are ill.
'Haige' is the Estonian word for sick or ill.
'Haige' is used to describe a healthy person.
'Haige' is used to describe someone who is not healthy, meaning sick or ill.
This sentence means 'I am sick.' In Estonian, the verb 'olema' (to be) comes after the subject.
This sentence means 'He/She is very sick.' 'Väga' means 'very' and precedes the adjective.
This is a question: 'Are you sick?' 'Kas' is used to form a yes/no question.
Listen for 'haige' and understand why someone is staying home.
Listen for the question about someone's health.
Listen for the feeling after a party.
Read this aloud:
Ma olen veidi haige.
Focus: haige
당신의 답변:
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Read this aloud:
Kas sul on haige kurk?
Focus: haige kurk
당신의 답변:
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Read this aloud:
Ma arvan, et ta on haige.
Focus: Ma arvan, et ta on
당신의 답변:
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The correct order is Subject (Kass) + Verb (on) + Adjective (haige). This translates to 'The cat is sick.'
The negative construction 'ei ole' comes between the pronoun 'Ma' (I) and the adjective 'haige' (sick). This means 'I am not sick.'
This translates to 'Why do you look so sick?' The word order is Question word (Miks) + Subject (sa) + Adverb (nii) + Adjective (haige) + Verb phrase (välja näed).
Which of these words is a synonym for 'haige' in Estonian?
'Tõbine' also means 'sick' or 'ill', making it a synonym for 'haige'.
Choose the most appropriate word to complete the sentence: 'Ta on nii ______ ja ei saa täna tööle tulla.' (He is so ______ and can't come to work today.)
The context implies someone is unable to work due to illness, so 'haige' (sick) is the correct choice.
If someone says 'Ma tunnen end halvasti, arvan, et olen ______,' what are they most likely implying?
'Tunnen end halvasti' means 'I feel bad', which strongly suggests illness, so 'haige' (sick) is the logical conclusion.
The word 'haige' can only describe a physical ailment.
While primarily meaning physically ill, 'haige' can also be used metaphorically or to describe something that is 'broken' or 'faulty', extending beyond just physical human ailments.
In Estonian, 'olen haige' directly translates to 'I am sick'.
'Olen haige' is the standard way to say 'I am sick' in Estonian.
The opposite of 'haige' is 'väsinud' (tired).
The direct opposite of 'haige' (sick/ill) is 'terve' (healthy). 'Väsinud' means 'tired' and is not a direct antonym.
Pay close attention to the pronunciation and intonation of the phrase meaning 'He/She had a sickness that required urgent intervention.'
Focus on the flow and rhythm of the sentence meaning 'Although he/she was sick, he/she found the strength to finish the presentation.'
Consider the context of 'haige süda' (sick heart) and how 'haige' implies a serious condition here.
Read this aloud:
Ütle selgelt: "Pärast pikka haigust naasis ta tööle täie energiaga."
Focus: Rhythm and stress on 'haigust'
당신의 답변:
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Read this aloud:
Korda seda keerukat fraasi: "Haige lapse vanemad vajasid moraalset tuge ja praktilist abi."
Focus: Pronunciation of 'haige lapse' and 'moraalset'
당신의 답변:
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Read this aloud:
Esita see lause loomuliku intonatsiooniga: "On kahetsusväärne, et nii paljud inimesed on krooniliselt haiged meie ühiskonnas."
Focus: Intonation of 'krooniliselt haiged'
당신의 답변:
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The sentence describes someone unexpectedly falling ill after a hard day's work. 'Haigeks jääma' means 'to fall ill'.
This sentence explains that someone suffers from a rare illness requiring long-term treatment. 'Haigus' is the noun for 'illness'.
This sentence describes several people in a work collective being sick simultaneously, indicating a spreading virus. 'Haiged' is the plural form of 'sick'.
Pärast nädalatepikkust rasket tööd tundis ta end täiesti ___ ja vajas puhkust.
Contextually, after weeks of hard work, 'sick' or 'ill' fits best to describe needing a rest.
Kuigi arstid kinnitasid, et tema seisund on stabiilne, tundis ta end endiselt nõrga ja ___.
Despite being stable, feeling weak implies 'sick' or 'ill'.
Pandeemia ajal oli oluline püsida kodus, kui tunda end kasvõi natukenegi ___.
During a pandemic, staying home when feeling unwell (sick) is crucial.
Pärast reisi eksootilistesse riikidesse tundis ta end mõnda aega päris ___ ja pidi arsti külastama.
Traveling to exotic countries and needing a doctor visit suggests feeling 'sick'.
Eile õhtul tundis ta end nii ___ gripisümptomitega, et jäi voodisse kogu päevaks.
With flu symptoms and staying in bed all day, 'sick' is the appropriate word.
Kuigi ta püüdis positiivseks jääda, valdas teda vahel paratamatu tunne, et ta on lootusetult ___.
Despite trying to be positive, the feeling of being 'hopelessly sick' fits the context.
Milline järgnevatest meditsiinilistest seisunditest viitaks kõige tõenäolisemalt, et keegi on 'haige' viisil, mis nõuab kohest haiglaravi?
Kuigi kõik loetletud seisundid võivad põhjustada ebamugavust, on äge apenditsiit eluohtlik seisund, mis nõuab viivitamatut meditsiinilist sekkumist ja hospitaliseerimist, s.t. inimene on tõsiselt 'haige'.
Milline järgnevatest kirjeldab kõige täpsemini olukorda, kus inimene võib end tunda 'haige' psühholoogilises, mitte füüsilises mõttes?
Sõna 'haige' saab eesti keeles kasutada ka psühholoogilise valu või mure väljendamiseks, eriti kui see on sügav ja kestev, nagu lein. See ei viita füüsilisele haigusele.
Miks on 'haige' sageli parem valik kui 'nõrk' arsti poole pöördumist kirjeldades, isegi kui patsient tunneb end mõlemalt?
Kuigi nõrkus võib olla haiguse sümptom, kirjeldab 'haige' terviklikumalt seisundit, kus inimene kannatab haiguse käes, mis võib hõlmata mitmeid sümptomeid peale nõrkuse.
Kui keegi ütleb, et 'ta on vaimselt haige', siis see tähendab alati, et ta vajab psühhiaatrilist ravi.
Kuigi 'vaimselt haige' viitab vaimse tervise probleemidele, ei tähenda see automaatselt, et vajalik on psühhiaatriline ravi. See võib hõlmata ka psühhoteraapiat, elustiili muutusi või muid toetavaid meetodeid. Termini 'haige' kasutus siin on laiem.
Väljend 'haige mõte' tähistab alati füüsiliselt valulikku mõtet.
Väljend 'haige mõte' viitab ebaeetilisele, ebamoraalsele või hälbivale mõttele, mitte füüsiliselt valulikule mõttele. See on metafoorne kasutus sõnast 'haige', viidates moraalsele või eetilisele 'ebatervislikkusele'.
Kui keegi on 'haige lapsest saati', siis see tähendab, et ta on kannatanud kroonilise haiguse all kogu oma elu.
Väljend 'haige lapsest saati' viitab pikaajalisele või kroonilisele terviseprobleemile, mis on inimest saatnud alates lapsepõlvest. See rõhutab haiguse kestust ja püsivust.
/ 54 correct
Perfect score!
Basic use of 'haige'
Remember, 'haige' is an adjective meaning sick or ill. You can use it to describe a person or an animal. For example, 'Ma olen haige' means 'I am sick'.
Using 'haige' with verbs
To say someone feels sick, you can use 'haige olema'. For instance, 'Ta on haige' means 'He is sick'. If you want to say 'I feel sick', you can say 'Ma tunnen end haigena'.
Plural form of 'haige'
When describing multiple people or things as sick, 'haige' remains the same. 'Nad on haiged' means 'They are sick'. The ending changes to reflect the plural subject.
Asking if someone is 'haige'
To ask 'Are you sick?', you can say 'Kas sa oled haige?'. It's a common and polite way to inquire about someone's health.
관련 콘텐츠
관련 표현
health 관련 단어
jalg
A1The foot or the whole leg
käsi
A1The hand or the whole arm
kõht
A1The stomach or belly area
kõrv
A1The organ of hearing, the ear
nina
A1The organ of smell, the nose
pea
A1The head of a person or animal
prillid
A1Eyeglasses to help vision
selg
A1The back of the body
silm
A1The organ of sight, the eye
suu
A1The opening through which one eats and speaks
