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ورشکست شدن

B2 verb 9분 분량

ورشکست شدن

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 ورشکست شدن 30초 만에

설명 ورشکست شدن in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'ورشکست شدن' (var-she-kast shodan) often, as it is quite technical. Instead, you focus on simple concepts of money. You might say 'I have no money' (Man pool nadaram) or 'This is expensive' (In geran ast). However, it is useful to recognize the word 'shodan' (to become), which is a building block of this verb. Think of 'var-she-kast' as a special label for someone who had a lot of money but now has none because of a big problem. At this stage, just remember that 'var-she-kast' means 'no more money for a business.' You might see it in simple news headlines. It's like a shop closing down because it can't pay for its bread and milk. Don't worry about the complex grammar yet; just know it relates to a very bad money situation.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the A2 level, you are starting to learn compound verbs like 'kar kardan' (to work) or 'zendegi kardan' (to live). 'ورشکست شدن' follows a similar pattern. It is 'var-she-kast' plus 'shodan.' You can use it in simple past tense sentences to talk about businesses. For example, 'The restaurant went bankrupt' (Rosturan var-she-kast shod). You should understand that this is more serious than just being 'bi-pool' (without money). It's a permanent state for a business. You might use it when talking about why a famous store in your neighborhood closed. You are also learning to use 'because' (chon), so you can say: 'The shop closed because it went bankrupt' (Maghazeh basteh shod chon var-she-kast shod). This helps you build more complex stories about the world around you.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the B1 level, you should be able to use 'ورشکست شدن' in various tenses, including the present continuous and the future. You can start discussing economic topics in a basic way. For instance, 'If prices go up, many people might go bankrupt' (Agar gheymat-ha bala beravad, kheyli-ha momken ast var-she-kast shavand). You are now moving beyond just 'businesses' and understanding that individuals in trade can also 'var-she-kast' become. You should also recognize the noun form 'ورشکستگی' (bankruptcy). At this level, you start to see the word in newspapers and can understand the general idea of an article about a failing company. You can also use it to express concern about the economy or a friend's business venture, showing a deeper grasp of social and economic realities.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the B2 level, which is the target level for this word, you must use 'ورشکست شدن' accurately in formal and informal contexts. You should understand its legal implications in Persian-speaking countries and how it differs from 'e'sar' (insolvency for individuals). You can use it in complex sentences with conditional clauses and passive voice. You should also be familiar with collocations like 'اعلان ورشکستگی' (declaring bankruptcy) and 'ورشکست به تقصیر' (negligent bankruptcy). At this level, you can participate in a debate about the causes of a financial crisis or write a short essay on the impact of bankruptcy on a family. You understand that the word carries a social stigma in Iranian culture and can use it with the appropriate level of sensitivity. You are also able to distinguish it from 'shekast khordan' (to be defeated) in all contexts.

At the C1 level, you use 'ورشکست شدن' and its derivatives with nuance and sophistication. You can discuss the metaphorical aspects of the word, such as 'cultural bankruptcy' (ورشکستگی فرهنگی) or 'intellectual bankruptcy' (ورشکستگی فکری). You are comfortable reading dense legal texts or economic analyses that use this term. You understand the historical evolution of the word and its role in the traditional Bazaar system. You can use it in high-level business negotiations or academic discussions. Your vocabulary includes related terms like 'تصفیه' (liquidation) and 'مدیر تصفیه' (liquidator). You can explain the difference between 'voluntary' and 'involuntary' bankruptcy using complex Persian structures. Your speech is fluent, and you can use idioms related to financial ruin, like 'به خاک سیاه نشستن,' alongside the formal verb to add color to your language.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the C2 level, you have a near-native command of 'ورشکست شدن.' You can interpret the subtleties of its use in classical and modern Persian literature. You understand the deep-seated cultural fears associated with this word in the Iranian psyche and can navigate these sensitivities in high-stakes social or business environments. You can draft legal documents or academic papers involving bankruptcy law with precision. You can also analyze how the term is used in political rhetoric to discredit opponents ('Their policies have led to the bankruptcy of the nation'). You are aware of the most obscure synonyms and can use the verb in any register, from the most formal legalistic jargon to the most casual street slang, without hesitation. You can also discuss the international legal differences between bankruptcy in Iran and other countries using this terminology.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

ورشکست شدن 30초 만에

To go bankrupt or become legally insolvent.
Used for businesses and merchants failing financially.
A compound verb: 'var-she-kast' + 'shodan'.
Carries significant social and legal weight in Persian.

The Persian verb ورشکست شدن (var-she-kast sho-dan) is a compound verb that translates directly to 'to go bankrupt' or 'to become insolvent.' In a literal sense, it describes the state where a person or a business entity can no longer meet its financial obligations to lenders or creditors. However, its usage in Persian culture often carries a weightier emotional and social connotation than its English counterpart. To be 'var-she-kast' is not just a legal status; it is often perceived as a significant loss of face or 'aberu' (honor) within the merchant community, particularly in the traditional Iranian Bazaar. When someone says a business has 'broken,' they are using the root word 'shekast' (defeat/break), implying a total collapse of the structural integrity of that enterprise. This term is predominantly used in financial, legal, and formal contexts, but you will also hear it in everyday conversations when discussing the harsh realities of the economy. It is a CEFR B2 level word because while the concept is simple, the grammatical application and the cultural nuances of financial failure require a more advanced understanding of Persian social structures and formal verb conjugation.

Legal Context: In Iranian law, this term specifically refers to a merchant (taajer) who stops paying their debts. It triggers a specific set of legal procedures managed by a liquidator.

بسیاری از شرکت‌های نوپا در سال اول فعالیت خود ورشکست شدند.
Many startups went bankrupt in their first year of activity.

Beyond the strictly financial, the term is occasionally used metaphorically to describe 'moral bankruptcy' (ورشکستگی اخلاقی), though this is more common in literary or political discourse. In the modern Iranian economy, which has faced significant fluctuations, the phrase is frequently heard in news broadcasts (akhbar) and read in economic journals. It is important to distinguish between simply 'losing money' (ضرر کردن) and 'going bankrupt' (ورشکست شدن). The latter implies a terminal state where the debts outweigh the assets to the point of legal intervention. When using this word, one must be careful with the auxiliary verb. It is almost always paired with 'shodan' (to become) for the state of bankruptcy, or 'kardan' (to make) if one is forcing another entity into bankruptcy or causing the state through action.

Social Implication: Historically, a bankrupt merchant in the Persian bazaar might have lost their 'credit' (etebar), which was often more valuable than cash. Recovery from this state is seen as a monumental task.

او پس از سی سال کار در بازار، متأسفانه ورشکست شد.
After thirty years of working in the bazaar, he unfortunately went bankrupt.

The word is composed of 'var' (a prefix often meaning over or upon) and 'shekast' (broken). This suggests a state of being 'over-broken' or completely shattered financially. In modern accounting and business Persian, it is the standard term used in financial statements and audit reports. If you are reading the financial section of a newspaper like 'Donya-e-Eqtesad', you will see this word regularly in reports about failing industries or the impact of sanctions on private enterprises.

Using ورشکست شدن correctly requires an understanding of Persian compound verb conjugation. Since it ends with 'shodan,' it follows the pattern of an intransitive verb. The subject of the sentence is the entity that has become bankrupt. You do not need a direct object. For example, 'The factory went bankrupt' is 'Kar-khaneh var-she-kast shod.' If you want to say 'The bank made the company go bankrupt,' you would switch the auxiliary verb to 'kardan,' resulting in 'Bank sherkat ra var-she-kast kard.'

Tense Variations: Past: ورشکست شد (He/it went bankrupt). Present: ورشکست می‌شود (He/it is going bankrupt). Future: ورشکست خواهد شد (He/it will go bankrupt).

اگر وام نگیریم، حتماً ورشکست می‌شویم.
If we don't get a loan, we will definitely go bankrupt.

When using this verb in a formal or legal context, it is often accompanied by adverbs that describe the cause or the manner of the bankruptcy. For instance, 'ورشکست به تقصیر' (bankrupt by fault/negligence) is a specific legal term. In academic writing, you might see the noun form 'ورشکستگی' (bankruptcy) used as the subject, such as 'ورشکستگی این مؤسسه شوک بزرگی به بازار وارد کرد' (The bankruptcy of this institution dealt a big shock to the market).

Hypothetical Usage: In conditional sentences (if/then), we often use the subjunctive: 'اگر او ورشکست بشود...' (If he were to go bankrupt...).

دولت تلاش می‌کند تا از ورشکست شدن بانک‌های کوچک جلوگیری کند.
The government is trying to prevent small banks from going bankrupt.

In spoken Persian, the 'shodan' is often shortened. For example, 'var-she-kast shod' might sound like 'var-she-kast shod' but with a very soft 'd'. In more slangy or informal settings, people might use the verb 'falsidan' (to scale/flake off like a fish), which is a very informal way to say someone has run out of money or gone bust, but 'var-she-kast shodan' remains the standard, respectful, and clear way to communicate this serious financial state.

You will encounter ورشکست شدن in several distinct environments. The most common is the evening news or financial reports. When a major international company like Lehman Brothers or a local Iranian factory faces insolvency, the headline will almost always use this verb. It is a staple of economic journalism. In the professional world, accountants, lawyers, and business managers use it during meetings to discuss risk management and financial health. For example, 'The risk of going bankrupt is high' (Khatar-e var-she-kast shodan balaast).

In the Media: Headlines often read: 'چرا غول‌های خودروسازی ورشکست شدند؟' (Why did the automotive giants go bankrupt?)

اخبار اعلام کرد که آن شرکت هواپیمایی رسماً ورشکست شده است.
The news announced that the airline company has officially gone bankrupt.

Another place you will hear this is in family discussions about business ventures. In Iran, many businesses are family-owned, and the fear of 'var-she-kast shodan' is a common theme in conversations about the bazaar or trade. It carries a sense of tragedy. You might hear an elder say, 'God forbid they go bankrupt' (Khoda nakoneh var-she-kast beshan). It is also found in literature and cinema, often as a plot device to explain a family's sudden fall from wealth to poverty. In movies like 'The Salesman' or 'Leila's Brothers,' economic pressures and the threat of financial ruin are central themes where this word appears.

Educational Context: In university courses for law or business, students study the 'Qanoon-e Tejarat' (Commercial Law), where several chapters are dedicated to the process of 'var-she-kast shodan'.

او تمام ثروتش را در بورس از دست داد و ورشکست شد.
He lost all his wealth in the stock market and went bankrupt.

Finally, in the digital age, you'll see this word in Persian social media discussions about the global economy, cryptocurrency crashes, or the failure of tech startups. It has become a very 'active' word in the vocabulary of young Iranians who are increasingly engaged with global financial trends. Whether it's a tweet about a failed exchange or a YouTube video explaining the 2008 financial crisis, 'var-she-kast shodan' is the indispensable term for describing the ultimate financial failure.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing ورشکست شدن with شکست خوردن (shekast khordan). While both contain the root 'shekast' (break/defeat), they are used in very different contexts. 'Shekast khordan' means 'to be defeated' or 'to fail' in a general sense, like losing a football match or failing an exam. 'Var-she-kast shodan' is strictly reserved for financial insolvency. You cannot say a team 'var-she-kast shod' unless they literally ran out of money and closed down as a business entity.

Wrong Auxiliary Verb: Using 'kardan' instead of 'shodan' changes the meaning from 'becoming bankrupt' to 'causing bankruptcy.' Be careful: 'Man var-she-kast kardam' sounds like you bankrupted someone else!

اشتباه: تیم ما در مسابقه ورشکست شد.
Correct: تیم ما در مسابقه شکست خورد. (Our team was defeated in the match.)

Another common error is treating 'var-she-kast' as a standalone verb. It is a compound verb, meaning the 'shodan' must be conjugated. Learners often forget the 'shodan' or try to add endings directly to 'var-she-kast,' which is incorrect. Additionally, some learners confuse 'var-she-kast' with 'bi-pool' (penniless). While a bankrupt person is likely penniless, 'var-she-kast' is a specific legal and structural status, whereas 'bi-pool' is just a temporary lack of cash. You wouldn't use 'var-she-kast' to say you forgot your wallet at a restaurant.

Spelling Confusion: Do not confuse 'ورشکست' with 'ورزشکار' (athlete). They look vaguely similar to a beginner's eye but have zero relation.

او به خاطر بدهی زیاد ورشکست شد، نه فقط بی‌پول.
He went bankrupt due to high debt, not just penniless.

Finally, be mindful of the difference between 'insolvency' and 'bankruptcy' in very technical translations. While 'var-she-kast shodan' covers both in general speech, in high-level legal Persian, 'اعسار' (e'sar) might be used for individuals who cannot pay court-ordered debts, while 'var-she-kast' is specifically for merchants and companies. Using 'var-she-kast' for a non-merchant individual is common in speech but technically a 'mistake' in a court of law.

Persian offers several ways to describe financial failure, depending on the severity and the context. While ورشکست شدن is the most formal and accurate term for legal bankruptcy, you might use others in different registers. For example, ورشکستگی is the noun form. If you want to sound more literary or dramatic, you might use فلاکت‌زده شدن (to become destitute), though this implies a much broader sense of misery beyond just money.

Comparison: Var-she-kast vs. E'sar: ورشکست شدن: For businesses/merchants. معسر شدن (e'sar): For individuals unable to pay debts (legal term).

شرکت منحل شد چون ورشکست شده بود.
The company was dissolved because it had gone bankrupt.

Another alternative is بی‌چیز شدن (to become 'thing-less' or have nothing). This is more poetic and emphasizes the loss of all possessions. In the business world, you might hear زیان‌ده شدن (becoming loss-making), which is the stage that often precedes bankruptcy. If a company is 'ziyan-deh,' it's losing money but hasn't necessarily 'broken' yet. Understanding these distinctions helps you navigate Persian business news more effectively.

Colloquial Alternatives: پیاده شدن: (Slang) To be 'unseated' or lose one's financial footing. تخته کردن درِ دکان: (Idiom) To close the shop door for good.

او پس از قمار، هستی‌اش را باخت.
He lost his entire existence (wealth) after gambling.

In summary, while 'var-she-kast shodan' is your go-to word for 'bankruptcy,' being aware of 'e'sar,' 'ziyan-deh,' and idiomatic expressions like 'be khak-e siyah neshestan' will make your Persian sound much more natural and sophisticated. Each word carries a slightly different emotional 'temperature' and level of formality that is crucial for B2 and C1 learners to master.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

In old Bazaar traditions, a bankrupt merchant might literally have their 'bench' or place of business broken as a sign of their status.

발음 가이드

UK /væɾ.ʃe.kæst ʃo.dæn/

US /vər.ʃe.kæst ʃoʊ.dæn/

The primary stress in 'var-she-kast' is on the final syllable '-kast'. In the compound verb, 'shodan' carries its own light stress.

라임이 맞는 단어

شکست (shekast) بست (bast) دست (dast) مست (mast) شست (shast) هست (hast) نشست (neshast) گسست (gosast)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing 'var' as 'war'. Persian 'v' is labiodental, like English 'v'.
Putting the stress on 'var'. It should be on 'kast'.
Merging the two words into one without a slight pause.
Mispronouncing 'shodan' as 'shudan'. The 'o' is like 'bore'.
Forgetting to aspirate the 'k' in 'shekast'.

난이도

독해 4/5

Common in news, but requires understanding of economic context.

쓰기 5/5

Compound verb conjugation and spelling 'shekast' correctly is key.

말하기 5/5

Needs correct stress and tone to not sound like 'shekast khordan'.

듣기 4/5

Easily recognizable once the root 'shekast' is known.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

شکستن شدن پول بدهی شرکت

다음에 배울 것

معسر تصفیه دارایی طلبکار بدهکار

고급

ورشکست به تقصیر ورشکست به تقلب توقف از پرداخت

알아야 할 문법

Compound Verbs with 'Shodan'

ورشکست + شدن follows the standard conjugation of 'shodan'.

Subjunctive Mood

After 'momken ast' (it's possible), use 'var-she-kast shavad'.

Passive Construction

Bankruptcy is an intransitive state, but 'var-she-kast kardan' is transitive.

Past Perfect

Used for a bankruptcy that happened before another past event: 'var-she-kast shodeh bud'.

Causative with 'Ba'es Shodan'

بدهی باعث شد او ورشکست شود. (Debt caused him to go bankrupt.)

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

수준별 예문

آن مغازه ورشکست شد.

That shop went bankrupt.

Simple past tense: var-she-kast + shod.

او پول ندارد چون ورشکست شد.

He has no money because he went bankrupt.

Using 'chon' (because) to link two simple ideas.

آیا شرکت ورشکست شد؟

Did the company go bankrupt?

Question form using 'aya'.

من نمی‌خواهم ورشکست شوم.

I don't want to go bankrupt.

Negative 'want' + subjunctive.

پدرم ورشکست نشد.

My father did not go bankrupt.

Negative past tense: na + shod.

بانک ورشکست شد.

The bank went bankrupt.

Simple subject-verb agreement.

او خیلی ناراحت است چون ورشکست شد.

He is very sad because he went bankrupt.

Expressing emotion related to the event.

کدام شرکت ورشکست شد؟

Which company went bankrupt?

Interrogative 'kodam' (which).

بسیاری از رستوران‌ها در زمستان ورشکست شدند.

Many restaurants went bankrupt in the winter.

Plural subject and verb: shodand.

اگر کار نکنی، ورشکست می‌شوی.

If you don't work, you will go bankrupt.

First conditional: present tense.

آن‌ها نگران ورشکست شدن هستند.

They are worried about going bankrupt.

Gerund form: var-she-kast shodan.

کارخانه سال گذشته ورشکست شد.

The factory went bankrupt last year.

Time adverb 'sal-e gozashteh'.

او سعی کرد ورشکست نشود.

He tried not to go bankrupt.

Verb 'sa'y kardan' + negative subjunctive.

برادرم ورشکست شد اما دوباره شروع کرد.

My brother went bankrupt but started again.

Using 'ama' (but) to show contrast.

چرا این همه شرکت ورشکست می‌شوند؟

Why are so many companies going bankrupt?

Present continuous sense in Persian.

او می‌ترسد که ورشکست شود.

He is afraid that he might go bankrupt.

Subjunctive after 'mivarsad ke'.

او ورشکست شده است و نمی‌تواند بدهی‌هایش را بدهد.

He has gone bankrupt and cannot pay his debts.

Present perfect tense: var-she-kast shodeh ast.

اگر دولت کمک نکند، کشاورزان ورشکست خواهند شد.

If the government doesn't help, the farmers will go bankrupt.

Future tense: khahand shod.

او قبل از اینکه ورشکست شود، خانه‌اش را فروخت.

Before he went bankrupt, he sold his house.

Subjunctive after 'ghabl az inke'.

ورشکست شدن در این بازار خیلی آسان است.

Going bankrupt in this market is very easy.

Using the infinitive as a subject.

او همیشه از ورشکست شدن می‌ترسید.

He was always afraid of going bankrupt.

Past imperfect: mitarsid.

ممکن است این بانک به زودی ورشکست شود.

It is possible that this bank will go bankrupt soon.

Subjunctive after 'momken ast'.

آن‌ها به خاطر مدیریت بد ورشکست شدند.

They went bankrupt because of bad management.

Prepositional phrase 'be khatere' (because of).

آیا شنیدی که شرکت بزرگ تکنولوژی ورشکست شده؟

Did you hear that the big tech company has gone bankrupt?

Informal present perfect in speech.

مدیر عامل اعلام کرد که شرکت رسماً ورشکست شده است.

The CEO announced that the company has officially gone bankrupt.

Formal report structure.

بحران اقتصادی باعث شد بسیاری از کسب‌وکارهای کوچک ورشکست شوند.

The economic crisis caused many small businesses to go bankrupt.

Causative structure: ba'es shod + subjunctive.

او برای جلوگیری از ورشکست شدن، تمام دارایی‌هایش را حراج کرد.

To prevent going bankrupt, he auctioned off all his assets.

Purpose clause: baraye + gerund.

در صورت ورشکست شدن، اموال شرکت توسط دولت مصادره می‌شود.

In case of bankruptcy, the company's property is confiscated by the government.

Conditional phrase 'dar surat-e'.

ورشکست شدن لزوماً به معنای پایان کار نیست.

Going bankrupt does not necessarily mean the end of the job.

Abstract subject with 'be ma'naye'.

او ورشکست شد، اما توانست دوباره اعتبارش را به دست آورد.

He went bankrupt, but he was able to regain his credit.

Contrastive conjunction 'اما'.

قوانین جدید ریسک ورشکست شدن را کاهش می‌دهد.

New laws reduce the risk of going bankrupt.

Noun phrase as object.

هیچ‌کس فکر نمی‌کرد که چنین شرکت بزرگی ورشکست شود.

No one thought that such a big company would go bankrupt.

Subjunctive after 'fekr nemikard'.

ورشکستگی اخلاقی در جامعه خطرناک‌تر از ورشکست شدن مالی است.

Moral bankruptcy in society is more dangerous than financial bankruptcy.

Metaphorical usage and comparison.

او به دلیل ورشکست شدن به تقصیر، به حبس محکوم شد.

He was sentenced to imprisonment due to culpable bankruptcy.

Legal terminology: 'var-she-kast be taghsir'.

تداوم این سیاست‌های غلط منجر به ورشکست شدن کل سیستم بانکی خواهد شد.

The continuation of these wrong policies will lead to the bankruptcy of the entire banking system.

Formal causative: 'monjar be ... khahad shod'.

حکم ورشکستگی او توسط دادگاه تجدیدنظر تایید شد.

His bankruptcy decree was upheld by the appeals court.

Passive construction with 'ta'yid shod'.

بسیاری از تحلیل‌گران معتقدند که این شرکت از ابتدا محکوم به ورشکست شدن بود.

Many analysts believe that this company was doomed to go bankrupt from the start.

Complex belief clause: 'mo'taghedand ke'.

او با زیرکی توانست از ورشکست شدن حتمی بگریزد.

With cleverness, he was able to escape certain bankruptcy.

Adverbial phrase 'ba ziraki'.

ورشکست شدن او ضربه مهلکی به اعتبار خانواده‌اش وارد کرد.

His bankruptcy dealt a fatal blow to his family's reputation.

Idiomatic ' ضربه مهلک وارد کردن'.

در اقتصادهای نوظهور، ورشکست شدن یک امر عادی تلقی می‌شود.

In emerging economies, going bankrupt is considered a normal occurrence.

Passive 'talaghi mishavad'.

ورشکستگی او در واقع ورشکستگی یک تفکر اقتصادی بود.

His bankruptcy was, in fact, the bankruptcy of an economic school of thought.

Highly abstract/philosophical usage.

قانون‌گذار تدابیر ویژه‌ای برای بازسازی شرکت‌های ورشکست شده اندیشیده است.

The legislator has devised special measures for the restructuring of bankrupt companies.

Formal legal subject 'ghanoon-gozar'.

او در آستانه ورشکست شدن بود که یک سرمایه‌گذار فرشته نجاتش شد.

He was on the verge of going bankrupt when an investor became his guardian angel.

Idiomatic 'fereshteh-ye nejat' (guardian angel).

پدیده ورشکستگی زنجیره‌ای می‌تواند اقتصاد ملی را به زانو درآورد.

The phenomenon of chain bankruptcy can bring the national economy to its knees.

Idiomatic 'be zanu dar-avardan'.

او با کتمان دارایی‌هایش سعی در پنهان کردن ورشکست شدن خود داشت.

By concealing his assets, he tried to hide his bankruptcy.

Gerund usage 'ketman-e darayi-ha'.

آیا ورشکست شدن یک نهاد مالی بزرگ می‌تواند منجر به فروپاشی اجتماعی شود؟

Can the bankruptcy of a large financial institution lead to social collapse?

Complex interrogative structure.

او چنان ورشکست شد که حتی نان شبش را هم نداشت.

He became so bankrupt that he didn't even have his evening bread.

Hyperbolic 'nan-e shab' idiom.

سایه سنگین ورشکست شدن بر سر تمام صنایع سنتی سنگینی می‌کند.

The heavy shadow of bankruptcy looms over all traditional industries.

Metaphorical 'sayeh-ye sangin'.

동의어

مفلس شدن بی‌پول شدن شکست خوردن مالی به خاک سیاه نشستن فلسیدن معسر شدن زیان دیدن منحل شدن

반의어

پولدار شدن رونق گرفتن سود کردن موفق شدن

자주 쓰는 조합

اعلان ورشکستگی

خطر ورشکستگی

ورشکست به تقصیر

حکم ورشکستگی

ورشکست شدن بانک

احتمال ورشکست شدن

علت ورشکست شدن

پس از ورشکست شدن

جلوگیری از ورشکست شدن

ورشکستگی کامل

자주 쓰는 구문

رسماً ورشکست شدن

— To officially go bankrupt.

آن‌ها هفته پیش رسماً ورشکست شدند.

در آستانه ورشکست شدن

— On the verge of going bankrupt.

بسیاری از هتل‌ها در آستانه ورشکست شدن هستند.

ترس از ورشکست شدن

— Fear of going bankrupt.

ترس از ورشکست شدن باعث شد او ریسک نکند.

دلیل ورشکست شدن

— The reason for going bankrupt.

دلیل ورشکست شدن او قمار بود.

ورشکست شدن و نابودی

— Bankruptcy and destruction.

این اشتباه یعنی ورشکست شدن و نابودی.

شایعه ورشکست شدن

— Rumor of going bankrupt.

شایعه ورشکست شدن بانک باعث هجوم مردم شد.

پیشگیری از ورشکست شدن

— Prevention of bankruptcy.

وام‌های دولتی برای پیشگیری از ورشکست شدن هستند.

ورشکست شدن ناگهانی

— Sudden bankruptcy.

ورشکست شدن ناگهانی او همه را شوکه کرد.

بدهی و ورشکست شدن

— Debt and bankruptcy.

بدهی زیاد همیشه به ورشکست شدن ختم می‌شود.

داستان ورشکست شدن

— The story of going bankrupt.

او داستان ورشکست شدن خود را در کتابش نوشت.

자주 혼동되는 단어

ورشکست شدن vs شکست خوردن

Means 'to be defeated' in general, not just financially.

ورشکست شدن vs ضرر کردن

Means 'to lose money' or 'suffer a loss', which is less severe than bankruptcy.

ورشکست شدن vs معسر شدن

A technical legal term for individuals, while 'var-she-kast' is for merchants.

관용어 및 표현

"به خاک سیاه نشستن"

— To lose everything and become extremely poor.

او بعد از ورشکست شدن به خاک سیاه نشست.

Informal/Emotional

"آس و پاس شدن"

— To become penniless and destitute.

بیچاره بعد از آن معامله آس و پاس شد.

Slang

"تخته کردن در دکان"

— To close down a business permanently (often due to failure).

بالاخره مجبور شد در دکانش را تخته کند.

Colloquial

"هستی خود را باختن"

— To lose one's entire existence/wealth.

او در بورس تمام هستی خود را باخت.

Literary

"زمین خوردن"

— To fall down (metaphorically meaning to fail in business).

توی این بازار خیلی‌ها زمین خوردند.

Colloquial

"کفگیر به ته دیگ خوردن"

— To reach the bottom of the pot (running out of resources).

دیگر پولی نداریم، کفگیر به ته دیگ خورده.

Idiomatic

"ورشکستگی اخلاقی"

— Moral bankruptcy; loss of values.

این رفتار نشانه ورشکستگی اخلاقی است.

Formal/Political

"دود شدن و هوا رفتن سرمایه"

— Money turning into smoke and going into the air (disappearing).

تمام سرمایه‌اش دود شد و هوا رفت.

Informal

"دست از پا درازتر برگشتن"

— To return empty-handed after a failure.

او از سفر تجاری‌اش دست از پا درازتر برگشت.

Idiomatic

"ورشکست به تقصیر"

— A bankrupt person whose failure is due to their own fault/negligence.

دادگاه او را ورشکست به تقصیر اعلام کرد.

Legal

혼동하기 쉬운

ورشکست شدن vs ورزشکار

Visual similarity.

One is an athlete, the other is related to bankruptcy.

او یک ورزشکار است (He is an athlete) vs او ورشکست شد (He went bankrupt).

ورشکست شدن vs برگشت خوردن

Both relate to financial failure (bounced checks).

Bouncing a check (barghasht khordan) is an event; bankruptcy is a status.

چک او برگشت خورد.

ورشکست شدن vs شکستن

The root of the word.

Shekastan is the physical act of breaking; var-she-kast is financial.

لیوان شکست (The glass broke).

ورشکست شدن vs ورشکست کردن

Same components, different auxiliary.

Kardan is active (to bankrupt someone); Shodan is passive (to become bankrupt).

او رقیبش را ورشکست کرد.

ورشکست شدن vs ورشکسته

Adjective vs Verb.

Ver-she-kasteh is the person who is already bankrupt.

او یک تاجر ورشکسته است.

문장 패턴

[Subject] ورشکست شد.

آن کارخانه ورشکست شد.

اگر [Condition]، [Subject] ورشکست می‌شود.

اگر پول نرسد، او ورشکست می‌شود.

[Subject] در آستانه ورشکست شدن است.

سینماها در آستانه ورشکست شدن هستند.

به دلیل [Reason]، حکم ورشکستگی صادر شد.

به دلیل عدم پرداخت بدهی، حکم ورشکستگی صادر شد.

ورشکست شدن X نمادی از [Abstract Concept] است.

ورشکست شدن آن بانک نمادی از فساد سیستماتیک است.

هیچ‌کس نمی‌خواهد ورشکست شود.

هیچ‌کس نمی‌خواهد در جوانی ورشکست شود.

او قبلاً ورشکست شده بود.

او قبلاً یک بار ورشکست شده بود.

چرا ورشکست شدی؟

چرا ناگهان ورشکست شدی؟

어휘 가족

명사

ورشکستگی (bankruptcy)

ورشکسته (bankrupt person/entity)

شکست (defeat/break)

동사

ورشکست کردن (to bankrupt someone)

شکستن (to break)

شکست خوردن (to be defeated)

형용사

ورشکسته (bankrupt)

شکست‌خورده (defeated)

사용법

frequency

Common in economic and news contexts; occasional in daily life.

자주 하는 실수

من ورشکست کردم. → من ورشکست شدم.
Using 'kardan' implies you bankrupted someone else. 'Shodan' is for yourself.
تیم فوتبال ورشکست شد. → تیم فوتبال شکست خورد.
Teams lose matches (shekast khordan), they don't usually go bankrupt unless as a business.
او ورشکست است. → او ورشکسته است.
Use the adjective form 'var-she-kasteh' with 'ast'. 'Var-she-kast' needs 'shodan'.
ورشکست شدن از امتحان. → شکست خوردن در امتحان.
You cannot go bankrupt from an exam. Use 'shekast khordan' or 'rad shodan'.
ورزشکار شدن. → ورشکست شدن.
Confusion between 'athlete' (varzeshkar) and 'bankrupt' (var-she-kast).

팁

Auxiliary Match

Always pair 'var-she-kast' with 'shodan' for the state of being. Using 'kardan' changes the meaning to an active cause.

Root Recognition

Recognize 'shekast' (break) inside the word. It helps you remember that something has 'broken' financially.

Social Weight

Be aware that this word is heavy. Use it with empathy when discussing real people's lives.

No 'Vav'

Don't put a 'vav' between 'var' and 'shekast'. It's one word: ورشکست.

News Keywords

When you hear 'eqtesad' (economy), listen for 'var-she-kast' to identify reports about failing companies.

Formal Contexts

In a job interview or business meeting, use this word instead of 'bi-pool' to sound professional.

Legal Texts

In legal texts, 'var-she-kast' is often followed by 'be taghsir' (by fault) or 'be taghollob' (by fraud).

The Broken Vase

Remember: A Vase that Broke = Var-Shekast.

Noun Form

Use 'ورشکستگی' (the noun) when you want to talk about the concept of bankruptcy in general.

Casual Alternative

Use 'بی‌پول' for friends, 'ورشکست' for companies. Never call a friend 'var-she-kast' unless they lost a business.

암기하기

기억법

Think of a 'Vase' (Var) that 'She-Kast' (Broke). When your business is like a broken vase, you have 'var-she-kast' (gone bankrupt).

시각적 연상

Imagine a large shop window with a giant crack ('shekast') through it and a 'For Sale' sign.

Word Web

Money Debt Bank Court Broken Business Failure Law

챌린지

Try to use 'var-she-kast shodan' in three sentences: one about a bank, one about a shop, and one about a king.

어원

The word is a compound of 'var' (prefix meaning over/upon) and 'shekast' (from the Middle Persian 'shkastan', meaning to break).

원래 의미: To be completely broken or shattered in terms of one's standing or assets.

Indo-European (Persian).

문화적 맥락

Be careful when using this word about a person's life; it can be very sensitive and offensive if used lightly.

In the US/UK, bankruptcy is often seen as a strategic business move (e.g., Chapter 11). In Iran, it is more often viewed as a final, tragic failure.

The film 'Leila's Brothers' (economic struggle) Economic columns in 'Etemad' newspaper Legal studies on 'Qanoon-e Tejarat'

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Business News

شاخص بورس
سقوط سهام
اعلان ورشکستگی
بحران مالی

Legal Proceedings

حکم دادگاه
مدیر تصفیه
اموال مصادره شده
طلبکاران

Economic Crisis

تورم بالا
بیکاری
رکود اقتصادی
ورشکستگی زنجیره‌ای

Family History

از دست دادن ثروت
شروع دوباره
سختی‌های مالی
آبروی خانواده

Startups

کمبود سرمایه
شکست پروژه
ورشکست شدن استارتاپ
سرمایه‌گذار

대화 시작하기

"آیا فکر می‌کنی این شرکت به زودی ورشکست شود؟"

"چرا بسیاری از مغازه‌های این خیابان ورشکست شدند؟"

"اگر یک بانک بزرگ ورشکست شود، چه اتفاقی می‌افتد؟"

"آیا تا به حال کسی را می‌شناختی که ورشکست شده باشد؟"

"به نظر تو بهترین راه برای جلوگیری از ورشکست شدن چیست؟"

일기 주제

درباره زمانی بنویسید که یک کسب‌وکار در شهر شما ورشکست شد و چه تاثیری بر مردم داشت.

اگر صاحب یک شرکت بودید و در آستانه ورشکست شدن قرار می‌گرفتید، چه کار می‌کردید؟

تفاوت بین ورشکست شدن مالی و ورشکستگی اخلاقی را از دیدگاه خود توضیح دهید.

چرا در فرهنگ‌های مختلف، ورشکست شدن نگاه‌های متفاوتی دارد؟

تاثیر تحریم‌ها بر ورشکست شدن صنایع کوچک در ایران را تحلیل کنید.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

In common speech, yes. However, in strict Iranian law, only merchants (taajer) and companies go 'var-she-kast'. Individuals go 'mo'ser' (insolvent).

Financially and socially, yes, it's considered a major failure. But legally, it can be a way to settle debts fairly.

'Shekast' is a general break or defeat. 'Var-she-kast' is specifically financial. You can't 'var-she-kast' a window.

The phrase is 'اعلان ورشکستگی کردن' (e'lan-e var-she-kast-egi kardan).

Yes, unfortunately, due to economic fluctuations, it is frequently heard in news and business discussions.

Usually, a liquidator (modir-e tasfiyeh) takes over the assets to pay back the creditors.

Usually no. You would say the project 'shekast khord' (failed). Use it for the entity behind the project.

There isn't a single word, but 'movafagh shodan' (to succeed) or 'ronagh gereftan' (to boom) are opposites.

It is written as one word 'ورشکست', but it's a compound of two parts. Then 'shodan' is a separate word.

Yes, metaphorically. 'The country's economy went bankrupt' (Eqtesad-e keshvar var-she-kast shod).

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