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B1 adjective #7,000 가장 일반적인 9분 분량

شیرده

shir-deh 상위 7,000

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 شیرده 30초 만에

설명 شیرده in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know the basic words 'shir' (milk) and 'mādar' (mother). You might not use 'shir-deh' yet, but you can understand it as 'milk-giving.' It's like saying a 'milk mother' or a 'milk cow.' Just remember that 'shir' is something you drink, and 'deh' comes from 'dādan' (to give). If you see a picture of a cow being milked, the word 'shir-deh' describes that cow. It's a useful word to start recognizing if you are interested in animals or family life. Don't worry about the complex grammar yet; just focus on the 'milk' part of the word.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to learn compound words. 'Shir-deh' is a great example because it combines 'shir' (milk) and 'deh' (the stem for 'give'). You can use it in simple sentences like 'In gāv shir-deh ast' (This cow gives milk). You should also learn the opposite: 'shir-khār' (an infant who drinks milk). At this stage, you can use 'shir-deh' to describe animals on a farm or to talk about a mother's role in a very basic way. You are beginning to see how Persian builds new words by sticking two simple words together. It's much easier than learning a completely new word for 'lactating'!

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At the B1 level, you should be able to use 'shir-deh' comfortably in medical or agricultural contexts. You understand that it is an adjective and requires the Ezafe (-e) to connect to a noun, such as 'mādar-e shir-deh' (nursing mother). You can participate in conversations about health, nutrition, and rural life using this term. You also start to recognize the noun form 'shir-dehī' (lactation/breastfeeding). This is the level where you distinguish between 'shir-deh' and other 'shir' words like 'shir-āvar' (milk-inducing). You are moving beyond simple descriptions to more precise, professional terminology.

At the B2 level, you can use 'shir-deh' in more abstract or metaphorical ways. You might use the idiom 'gāve shir-deh' to describe a 'cash cow' in a business discussion or an economic essay. You are also expected to use the word in complex sentences with correct prepositional phrases, like 'Barāye mādarān-e shir-deh, taghziye mohem ast' (For nursing mothers, nutrition is important). You understand the nuances between 'shir-deh' and technical loanwords like 'laktāsiun.' Your vocabulary is rich enough to explain the biological process of milk production using this word as a central descriptor. You can also read news articles about the dairy industry without confusion.

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At the C1 level, your use of 'shir-deh' is precise and context-aware. You can discuss the socioeconomic implications of 'shir-deh' livestock in developing regions or the public health policies regarding 'shir-dehī' (breastfeeding) in modern society. You understand the historical and literary roots of the word and can identify it in classical texts where it might symbolize abundance. You are comfortable with the word's morphology and can easily form related words. You can also use it in formal academic writing, perhaps in a thesis about veterinary science or maternal health, with perfect grammatical accuracy and appropriate register.

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At the C2 level, you have a near-native command of 'shir-deh.' You can use it in high-level debates, subtle literary analysis, or complex scientific discourse. You understand every possible connotation, including its rarest metaphorical uses. You can distinguish between the most subtle synonyms and choose 'shir-deh' specifically for its active, 'giving' nuance. You might use it in a poem to personify nature or in a high-stakes business negotiation to describe a lucrative asset. Your understanding includes the word's role in the evolution of the Persian language and its relationship to Indo-European roots. You can teach others the intricacies of this word and its family.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

شیرده 30초 만에

Shir-deh means 'lactating' or 'milk-giving.'
It is a compound of 'shir' (milk) and 'deh' (giver).
Used for nursing mothers and dairy animals.
Can metaphorically mean a 'cash cow' in business.

The Persian word شیرده (pronounced 'shir-deh') is a compound adjective that is essential for discussing biology, parenting, and agriculture. At its core, it describes a female mammal that is currently producing milk to feed its young. In an English context, it translates most directly to 'lactating,' 'nursing,' or 'milch' (specifically for livestock). Understanding this word requires looking at its two components: شیر (shir), meaning 'milk,' and ده (deh), the present stem of the verb دادن (dādan), meaning 'to give.' Therefore, the literal meaning is 'milk-giving.'

Biological Context: In biological and medical discussions, it refers to the physiological state of lactation. When a doctor discusses the health of a mother, they might use this term to specify her nutritional needs during the nursing phase.
Agricultural Context: Farmers use this word to categorize livestock. A 'gāve shir-deh' (milch cow) is an asset in the dairy industry, distinguished from cows used for meat or those that are currently 'dry.'

تغذیه مناسب برای گاوهای شیرده بسیار حیاتی است.
Proper nutrition is vital for lactating cows.

مادران شیرده باید از مصرف برخی داروها خودداری کنند.
Nursing mothers should avoid taking certain medications.

Economic Metaphor: In business Persian, calling a project a 'gāve shir-deh' implies it is a reliable source of income that requires little maintenance, mirroring the 'cash cow' concept in Western management.

این شرکت برای ما مثل یک گاو شیرده است.
This company is like a cash cow for us.

Historically, the concept of 'giving milk' has been associated with fertility and abundance in Persian culture. In classical literature, though the specific modern adjective 'shir-deh' might appear less frequently than in modern scientific texts, the root concepts of milk (shir) as life-giving are everywhere. When using this word today, you are likely in a professional setting, a medical clinic, or discussing rural life. It is a functional, respectful, and precise term that avoids the potential awkwardness of more colloquial phrases.

بزهای شیرده در این مزرعه پرورش می‌یابند.
Dairy goats are raised on this farm.

Scientific Precision: In zoology, 'shir-deh' distinguishes mammals from other classes of animals. It highlights the specific reproductive strategy of feeding offspring through mammary glands.

دوره شیردهی در پستانداران متفاوت است.
The lactation period varies among mammals. (Note: Here 'shir-dehi' is the noun form).

Using 'شیرده' correctly involves understanding its role as an adjective that almost always follows the noun it modifies, connected by the Ezafe construction (-e). For example, to say 'lactating mother,' you say 'mādar-e shir-deh.' Because it describes a state of being, it is frequently used with the verb 'budan' (to be) or in descriptive clauses. In Persian grammar, compound adjectives like this are very productive. The suffix '-deh' comes from 'dādan' (to give), which means 'shir-deh' literally means 'milk-giver.' This structure is mirrored in words like 'panāh-deh' (shelter-giver) or 'shafā-deh' (healer/health-giver).

او یک زن شیرده است و به کالری بیشتری نیاز دارد.
She is a nursing woman and needs more calories.

Placement in Sentences: As an attributive adjective: [Noun] + [Ezafe] + شیرده. Example: حیوان شیرده (Lactating animal).
Predicative Use: Using it after a linking verb: این گاو دیگر شیرده نیست. (This cow is no longer milk-producing).

In more advanced contexts, you might see 'shir-deh' used in technical reports regarding the dairy industry. In such cases, it often appears in plural forms like 'gāvhā-ye shir-deh' (milch cows). It is also important to distinguish between 'shir-deh' (the producer) and 'shir-khār' (the consumer/infant). An infant is a 'shir-khār' (milk-eater), while the mother is 'shir-deh'. Mixing these up is a common error for beginners but easily corrected by remembering the verbs 'dādan' (to give) and 'khordan' (to eat/consume).

تعداد دام‌های شیرده در این منطقه کاهش یافته است.
The number of milk-producing livestock in this region has decreased.

Formal Usage: In formal writing, you might encounter 'shir-dehi' as a gerund/noun meaning 'lactation' or 'the act of giving milk.' Example: دوران شیردهی (The lactation period).

در دوران شیردهی، مادر باید استراحت کافی داشته باشد.
During the lactation period, the mother should have enough rest.

You will encounter 'شیرده' in several distinct environments. The most common is likely a medical or health-related setting. If you visit a pharmacy in Iran, you might see signs or labels on supplements that say 'barāye mādarān-e shir-deh' (for nursing mothers). Pediatricians and obstetricians use this term daily when advising new parents about nutrition and medication safety. It is the standard clinical term, replacing more vague language.

این دارو برای زنان شیرده ضرری ندارد.
This medicine is not harmful for nursing women.

In the Media: On news programs discussing agriculture or the economy, reporters use 'shir-deh' to talk about dairy production levels. You might hear about 'vāhed-hā-ye gāve shir-deh' (milch cow units) when discussing national food security.

Another place you'll hear it is in television commercials for baby formula or maternal health products. While 'breastfeeding' is 'shir-dādan,' the adjective 'shir-deh' describes the person doing it. It's a word that bridges the gap between scientific jargon and everyday useful language. In a more metaphorical sense, as mentioned before, business analysts might use it to describe a 'cash cow' investment, though this is more common in written economic journals than in casual speech.

گاوهای شیرده هلشتاین بیشترین تولید را دارند.
Holstein milch cows have the highest production.

In Literature: While modern literature uses it realistically, older texts might use 'shir-deh' to symbolize fertility and the nurturing aspect of nature or a mother figure.

طبیعت مانند مادری شیرده به همه موجودات روزی می‌دهد.
Nature, like a nursing mother, provides sustenance to all creatures.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing 'شیرده' (shir-deh) with 'شیرخوار' (shir-khār). Because both contain the word 'shir' (milk), it's easy to swap them. However, they describe opposite sides of the same relationship. 'Shir-deh' is the one giving the milk (the mother or the cow), while 'shir-khār' is the one consuming it (the infant or the calf). Remember: '-deh' means 'giver' and '-khār' (from khordan) means 'eater.'

Incorrect: نوزاد شیرده است.
Correct: نوزاد شیرخوار است. (The infant is milk-consuming).

The 'Shir' Ambiguity: As mentioned, 'shir' means milk, lion, and faucet. Some learners might jokingly or accidentally use 'shir-deh' to describe a leaky faucet. While logically a faucet 'gives' water, 'shir-deh' is strictly reserved for milk production. For a faucet, you would simply say 'shir āb' (water faucet) or 'shiri ke chikke mikonad' (a faucet that drips).

Another mistake is using 'shir-dush' instead of 'shir-deh.' A 'shir-dush' is a person who milks an animal (a milker) or a milking machine. 'Shir-deh' is the animal itself. If you say 'the cow is a shir-dush,' you are saying the cow is milking something else! Always focus on the role: Is it producing the milk (shir-deh) or extracting it (shir-dush)? Furthermore, avoid using 'shir-deh' for non-mammals. Even if an animal feeds its young in other ways, this specific term is biologically tied to milk.

Incorrect: دستگاه شیرده.
Correct: دستگاه شیردوش. (Milking machine).

Grammatical Agreement: Learners often forget the Ezafe. You cannot just say 'mādar shir-deh'; it must be 'mādar-e shir-deh.' The link is crucial for the adjective to modify the noun correctly.

زنِ شیرده (Zan-e shir-deh).
Always include the 'e' sound between the noun and 'shir-deh'.

While 'شیرده' is the most common adjective for 'lactating,' there are several related words you should know to expand your vocabulary. Depending on the context—whether technical, poetic, or everyday—you might choose a different term. For instance, 'شیرآور' (shir-āvar) refers to something that *induces* milk production, like a specific herb or medication (a galactagogue). This is different from 'shir-deh,' which describes the state of already producing milk.

Comparison: Shir-deh vs. Shir-dār: 'Shir-dār' (شیردار) literally means 'having milk.' While sometimes used interchangeably, 'shir-deh' is more active (giving milk), whereas 'shir-dār' might just describe a food item that contains milk, like 'shokolāt-e shir-dār' (milk chocolate).
Comparison: Shir-deh vs. Mādar-e Shirdah: In some dialects, you might hear 'shir-dah' (with an 'a'), but 'shir-deh' is the standard literary and formal version. Always stick to 'shir-deh' for professional communication.

رازیانه یک گیاه شیرآور است.
Fennel is a milk-inducing plant (galactagogue).

Another alternative in a very formal or biological context is 'laktāsiun' (لاکتاسیون), which is a direct loanword from 'lactation.' However, this is strictly for academic papers. In everyday speech, 'shir-deh' remains king. For the opposite of 'shir-deh' regarding livestock, farmers use 'khoshk' (خشک), meaning 'dry.' A cow that is not producing milk is a 'gāve khoshk.' Understanding these opposites helps solidify the meaning of 'shir-deh' as a functional state of production.

او به دنبال خرید گاوهای شیرده است، نه گاوهای گوشتی.
He is looking to buy dairy cows, not beef cows.

Word Family: Shir-dehī: The noun form 'shir-dehī' (شیردهی) is essential. It means 'breastfeeding' or 'lactating' as an act. Example: 'Mazāyā-ye shir-dehī' (The benefits of breastfeeding).

شیردهی برای سلامت نوزاد مفید است.
Breastfeeding is beneficial for the infant's health.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The word 'shir' in Persian is a triple homonym meaning 'milk,' 'lion,' and 'faucet.' 'Shir-deh' only uses the 'milk' meaning.

발음 가이드

UK /ʃiːɾˈdeh/

US /ʃiːɾˈdɛ/

The stress is on the second syllable: 'deh'.

라임이 맞는 단어

deh (give) beh (better/quince) seh (three) neh (no) gerdeh (round) pardeh (curtain) zendeh (alive) bandeh (servant)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing 'deh' as 'dah' (which means ten).
Pronouncing 'shir' with a short 'i' like 'ship' (it should be long like 'sheep').
Failing to tap the 'r' sound.
Putting stress on the first syllable.
Confusing it with 'shir-dah' (an older or dialectal variant).

난이도

독해 3/5

Easy to recognize if you know 'shir' and 'dādan'.

쓰기 4/5

Requires remembering the compound structure and Ezafe.

말하기 3/5

Pronunciation is straightforward.

듣기 4/5

Might be confused with 'shir-khār' in fast speech.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

شیر (milk) دادن (to give) مادر (mother) گاو (cow) بچه (child)

다음에 배울 것

شیرخوار (infant) شیردوش (milker) پستاندار (mammal) تغذیه (nutrition) زایمان (childbirth)

고급

لاکتاسیون (lactation) غدد پستانی (mammary glands) اصلاح نژاد (selective breeding) پرولاکتین (prolactin)

알아야 할 문법

Ezafe Construction

مادرِ شیرده (Mādar-e shir-deh) - The '-e' connects the noun and adjective.

Present Stem Suffixes

شیر + ده (Present stem of دادن) - Creates an agentive adjective.

Pluralizing Compound Adjectives

گاوهای شیرده (The cows are plural, but the adjective stays the same or takes -hā).

Noun Formation with -i

شیرده + ی = شیردهی (Turns the adjective into a noun meaning 'lactation').

Negative State

او دیگر شیرده نیست (He/She/It is no longer shir-deh).

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수준별 예문

این گاو شیرده است.

This cow is milk-giving.

Simple Subject + Adjective + Verb.

مادر شیرده شیر می‌دهد.

The nursing mother gives milk.

Using the adjective with a noun.

من یک گاو شیرده دارم.

I have a milk-giving cow.

Possessive sentence.

شیرده یعنی چه؟

What does 'shir-deh' mean?

Question form.

آن بز شیرده است.

That goat is milk-giving.

Demonstrative pronoun.

شیرِ گاوِ شیرده خوب است.

The milk of the milk-giving cow is good.

Double Ezafe construction.

او زنِ شیرده است.

She is a nursing woman.

Noun + Adjective.

حیوانِ شیرده کجا است؟

Where is the milk-giving animal?

Locative question.

گاوهای شیرده علف می‌خورند.

Lactating cows eat grass.

Plural subject.

آیا این گوسفند شیرده است؟

Is this sheep milk-producing?

Interrogative sentence.

مادران شیرده باید آب بنوشند.

Nursing mothers must drink water.

Modal verb 'must'.

ما دو گاو شیرده خریدیم.

We bought two milk-giving cows.

Past tense with a numeral.

شیرده یعنی حیوانی که شیر می‌دهد.

Shir-deh means an animal that gives milk.

Relative clause.

این دارو برای مادر شیرده است.

This medicine is for the nursing mother.

Prepositional phrase.

بز شیرده در مزرعه است.

The lactating goat is in the farm.

Simple prepositional phrase.

او به گاو شیرده غذا می‌دهد.

He gives food to the milk-giving cow.

Indirect object.

تغذیه مادران شیرده بر رشد نوزاد تاثیر دارد.

The nutrition of nursing mothers affects the infant's growth.

Complex subject with Ezafe.

کشاورزان به دنبال گاوهای شیرده با کیفیت هستند.

Farmers are looking for high-quality lactating cows.

Present progressive/intentional.

دوران شیردهی برای سلامت مادر مفید است.

The lactation period is beneficial for the mother's health.

Noun form 'shir-dehī'.

زنان شیرده باید از استرس دوری کنند.

Nursing women should avoid stress.

Modal verb 'should'.

این گاو به دلیل بیماری دیگر شیرده نیست.

This cow is no longer milk-producing due to illness.

Negative state.

آیا مصرف قهوه برای مادر شیرده ضرر دارد؟

Is coffee consumption harmful for a nursing mother?

Complex question.

بسیاری از پستانداران در تمام عمر شیرده نیستند.

Many mammals are not lactating throughout their entire lives.

Quantifier 'many'.

او درباره نیازهای گاو شیرده مطالعه می‌کند.

He is studying the needs of the milk-giving cow.

Present continuous.

مدیریت گله‌های شیرده نیازمند دانش تخصصی است.

Managing lactating herds requires specialized knowledge.

Gerund as subject.

این پروژه برای شرکت ما مثل یک گاو شیرده است.

This project is like a cash cow for our company.

Metaphorical usage.

مکمل‌های غذایی مخصوص زنان شیرده در بازار موجود است.

Food supplements specifically for nursing women are available in the market.

Passive/Existential.

در جوامع سنتی، به مادر شیرده احترام زیادی می‌گذارند.

In traditional societies, they show great respect to nursing mothers.

Indefinite plural 'they'.

بهره‌وری گاوهای شیرده با اصلاح نژاد افزایش یافته است.

The productivity of lactating cows has increased with selective breeding.

Present perfect passive.

او مقاله‌ای درباره فیزیولوژی غدد شیرده نوشت.

He wrote an article about the physiology of mammary glands.

Technical terminology.

باید از سلامت دام‌های شیرده اطمینان حاصل کرد.

One must ensure the health of the milk-producing livestock.

Impersonal construction.

تغییرات هورمونی در حیوانات شیرده بسیار شدید است.

Hormonal changes in lactating animals are very intense.

Adjective modifying plural noun.

تأثیر عوامل محیطی بر میزان تولید گاوهای شیرده انکارناپذیر است.

The impact of environmental factors on the production rate of lactating cows is undeniable.

Complex noun phrase.

حمایت از مادران شیرده در محیط کار یک ضرورت قانونی است.

Supporting nursing mothers in the workplace is a legal necessity.

Abstract subject.

این صنعت به عنوان گاو شیرده اقتصاد کشور شناخته می‌شود.

This industry is known as the cash cow of the country's economy.

Passive voice metaphor.

تحقیقات نشان می‌دهد که استرس، فرآیند شیردهی را مختل می‌کند.

Research shows that stress disrupts the lactation process.

Subordinate clause.

اصلاح الگوی مصرف در واحدهای شیردهی صنعتی الزامی است.

Correcting the consumption pattern in industrial lactation units is mandatory.

Formal administrative language.

مادران شیرده با چالش‌های متعددی در توازن کار و زندگی روبرو هستند.

Nursing mothers face numerous challenges in balancing work and life.

Compound verb 'face'.

تفاوت‌های ژنتیکی در نژادهای مختلف گاو شیرده مطالعه شد.

Genetic differences in various breeds of lactating cows were studied.

Past passive.

نقش حیاتی غدد شیرده در تکامل پستانداران بررسی شده است.

The vital role of mammary glands in the evolution of mammals has been examined.

Present perfect passive.

تجلی نمادین مادر شیرده در اساطیر باستان نشانگر باروری است.

The symbolic manifestation of the nursing mother in ancient myths indicates fertility.

Philosophical/Literary register.

وابستگی شدید بودجه به نفت، آن را به گاو شیرده دولت بدل کرده است.

The budget's heavy reliance on oil has turned it into the government's cash cow.

Causative structure with metaphor.

سازوکارهای بیوشیمیایی در بافت‌های شیرده بسیار پیچیده و ظریف هستند.

Biochemical mechanisms in lactating tissues are extremely complex and delicate.

Scientific register.

تبیین جایگاه حقوقی زنان شیرده در کنوانسیون‌های بین‌المللی ضروری است.

Explaining the legal status of nursing women in international conventions is essential.

Legal/Academic register.

نوسانات تولید در گله‌های شیرده می‌تواند امنیت غذایی را تهدید کند.

Production fluctuations in lactating herds can threaten food security.

Hypothetical/Analytical.

استعاره گاو شیرده در ادبیات سیاسی معاصر کاربرد فراوانی یافته است.

The 'cash cow' metaphor has found extensive use in contemporary political literature.

Meta-linguistic analysis.

تطبیق فیزیولوژیک پستانداران شیرده با شرایط اقلیمی سخت شگفت‌انگیز است.

The physiological adaptation of lactating mammals to harsh climatic conditions is amazing.

Advanced descriptive noun phrase.

تحلیل اپی‌ژنتیک در سلول‌های شیرده افق‌های جدیدی در علم گشوده است.

Epigenetic analysis in lactating cells has opened new horizons in science.

Cutting-edge scientific register.

자주 쓰는 조합

گاو شیرده

مادر شیرده

دوران شیردهی

بز شیرده

زنان شیرده

گله شیرده

تولید شیرده

مکمل شیردهی

غدد شیرده

نژاد شیرده

자주 쓰는 구문

گاو شیرده کسی بودن

— To be someone's source of easy and constant profit.

او مرا مثل یک گاو شیرده می‌بیند.

در وضعیت شیردهی

— In the state of lactating.

حیوان در وضعیت شیردهی است.

پایان دوره شیردهی

— The end of the lactation period.

پایان دوره شیردهی نزدیک است.

مراقبت‌های شیردهی

— Lactation care/nursing care.

مراقبت‌های شیردهی را بیاموزید.

مشکلات شیردهی

— Breastfeeding/lactation problems.

او مشکلات شیردهی دارد.

تغذیه در شیردهی

— Nutrition during lactation.

کتابی درباره تغذیه در شیردهی.

قطع شیردهی

— Stopping breastfeeding/lactation.

زمان قطع شیردهی فرا رسیده است.

شیردهی انحصاری

— Exclusive breastfeeding.

شیردهی انحصاری تا شش ماهگی.

ترویج شیردهی

— Promoting breastfeeding.

برنامه‌ای برای ترویج شیردهی.

حمایت از شیردهی

— Lactation support.

مرکز حمایت از شیردهی.

자주 혼동되는 단어

شیرده vs شیرخوار

Means 'infant/milk-drinker'. Shir-deh is the giver, shir-khār is the taker.

شیرده vs شیردوش

Means 'milker' (person or machine). Shir-deh is the animal producing milk.

شیرده vs شیرآور

Means 'milk-inducing' (like a herb). Shir-deh is the state of being lactating.

관용어 및 표현

"گاو شیرده"

— A person or thing that is a dependable source of income or benefit.

این مغازه برای او یک گاو شیرده است.

Informal/Business

"شیر به شیر"

— Having children very close in age (one still nursing while another is born).

بچه‌های او شیر به شیر هستند.

Colloquial

"شیرش را حلال کردن"

— To forgive someone (usually said by a mother to a child).

مادرم شیرش را حلالم کرد.

Emotional/Cultural

"بوی شیر دهان دادن"

— To be very young or inexperienced (literally: mouth smells like milk).

هنوز دهانش بوی شیر می‌دهد.

Informal/Critical

"شیر پاک خورده"

— A person of noble character or good upbringing.

او جوانی شیر پاک خورده است.

Respectful

"شیر تو شیر"

— A state of total chaos or confusion.

اوضاع خیلی شیر تو شیر است.

Slang

"مثل شیر"

— Brave and strong (using the 'lion' meaning of shir).

مثل شیر جنگید.

General

"شیر خام خورده"

— Humanity (implying humans are prone to error).

انسان شیر خام خورده است.

Proverbial

"شیر گرفتن"

— To wean a baby off milk.

بچه را از شیر گرفتند.

General

"شیر شدن"

— To become bold or arrogant.

خیلی شیر شده‌ای!

Informal

혼동하기 쉬운

شیرده vs شیردار

Both relate to 'having milk'.

Shir-deh is the biological act of giving milk. Shir-dār usually means 'containing milk' (like a recipe).

این قهوه شیردار است (This coffee has milk) vs این گاو شیرده است.

شیرده vs شیرین

Starts with 'shir'.

Shirin means 'sweet'. It comes from the same root (milk-like), but the meaning is entirely different now.

این سیب شیرین است.

شیرده vs شیردهی

It is the noun form.

Shir-deh is 'lactating' (adj), Shir-dehi is 'lactation' (noun).

دوره شیردهی (Lactation period).

شیرده vs پستاندار

All shir-deh animals are mammals.

Pestāndār is the category (mammal), shir-deh is the current state (lactating).

نهنگ یک پستاندار شیرده است.

شیرده vs دوشا

Relates to milking.

Dushā is a specific agricultural term for a cow in its milking phase.

گاو دوشا در طویله است.

문장 패턴

[Noun] [Adjective] [Verb].

این گاو شیرده است.

[Noun]-e [Adjective] [Verb].

مادرِ شیرده خوابید.

برای [Noun]-e [Adjective] ...

برای زنانِ شیرده مفید است.

در دوران [Noun] ...

در دوران شیردهی باید دقت کرد.

تأثیر [Noun] بر [Noun]-e [Adjective] ...

تأثیر دارو بر گاوِ شیرده.

[Metaphor] به عنوان [Noun]-e [Adjective] ...

نفت به عنوان گاوِ شیردهِ اقتصاد.

تبیینِ [Abstract Noun] در [Noun]-e [Adjective] ...

تبیینِ هورمون‌ها در بافتِ شیرده.

استعاره‌ی [Noun] ...

استعاره‌ی گاوِ شیرده در سیاست.

어휘 가족

명사

شیر (milk)

شیردهی (lactation)

شیرخوار (infant)

شیردوش (milker)

شیرینی (sweetness/sweets)

동사

شیر دادن (to breastfeed/give milk)

شیر دوشیدن (to milk)

شیر خوردن (to drink milk)

형용사

شیرده (lactating)

شیرین (sweet)

شیرخوارگان (infantile)

شیرآور (galactagogue)

사용법

frequency

Common in medical, parenting, and agricultural domains.

자주 하는 실수

نوزاد شیرده → نوزاد شیرخوار
An infant drinks milk; it doesn't give it. You must use '-khār'.
گاو شیردوش → گاو شیرده
'Shir-dush' is the person who milks the cow, not the cow itself.
مادر شیردهی → مادر شیرده
'Shir-dehi' is the noun (lactation). You need the adjective 'shir-deh'.
شیرده (meaning lion-giver) → N/A
Never use this word to mean 'giving lions'. It is purely for milk.
شکلات شیرده → شکلات شیردار
Chocolate doesn't 'give' milk biologically; it 'contains' milk.

팁

Don't forget the Ezafe

Always say 'mādar-e shir-deh'. Without the 'e' sound, the sentence is grammatically incomplete.

Deh means Giver

Remembering that '-deh' comes from 'dādan' (to give) will help you understand many other Persian compound words.

Short E

The 'e' in 'deh' is short. If you make it long like 'ay', it sounds like 'day' (village) or 'dah' (ten).

Medical Usage

If you see this word on a medicine box, it usually means 'Consult a doctor if you are nursing'.

Cash Cow

Use 'gāve shir-deh' in business meetings to impress your Iranian colleagues with your idiomatic knowledge.

Shir-deh vs Shir-khār

Associate 'deh' with 'Delivery' (giver) and 'khār' with 'Consume' (eater) to never mix them up again.

Compound Writing

In modern Persian, 'shir-deh' is often written with a half-space (z-fāse) between 'shir' and 'deh'.

The Milkman

Imagine a milkman delivering (deh) milk (shir). The animal is the ultimate milkman: the shir-deh.

Respect

Using 'mādar-e shir-deh' is the most polite way to refer to a breastfeeding mother in a clinical setting.

Mammals

Use 'shir-deh' to define the primary characteristic of the class Mammalia in your biology notes.

암기하기

기억법

Think of a 'SHE-DEER' (shir-deh) giving milk to her fawn. The 'shir' sounds like 'she' and 'deh' sounds like the start of 'deer'.

시각적 연상

Imagine a cow with a giant 'GIVE' button on its side, and milk pouring out. The button says 'DEH'.

Word Web

Shir (Milk) Dādan (To give) Mādar (Mother) Gāv (Cow) Nozād (Infant) Ghazzā (Food) Salāmat (Health) Pestāndār (Mammal)

챌린지

Try to find three different mammals in a documentary and label them as 'shir-deh' if they are nursing their young.

어원

From Middle Persian (Pahlavi) 'šīr' (milk) + 'dādan' (to give). The root for 'shir' is related to Sanskrit 'kshira'.

원래 의미: Milk-giver; an entity that provides sustenance through milk.

Indo-European (Indo-Iranian branch).

문화적 맥락

It is a clinical and respectful term; avoid using it for humans in a joking way as it can be seen as reducing a mother to a biological function.

Equivalent to 'milch cow' in older English or 'nursing mother' in modern English.

Avicenna's Canon of Medicine (discusses shir-deh nutrition) Modern Iranian health campaigns Rumi's poetry (metaphorical milk)

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Medical Clinic

آیا شما شیرده هستید؟
دارو برای مادر شیرده
مشکل در شیردهی
رژیم غذایی شیردهی

Dairy Farm

تعداد گاوهای شیرده
خوراک گاو شیرده
دوره شیردهی دام
بهره‌وری شیردهی

Pharmacy

مکمل مخصوص شیردهی
شیردوش دستی
پد شیردهی
کرم برای مادران شیرده

Business Meeting

این بخش گاو شیرده ماست
درآمد مستمر
سرمایه‌گذاری شیرده
منبع سود

Biology Class

ویژگی پستانداران شیرده
تولید شیر در غدد
فرآیند شیردهی
تکامل شیردهی

대화 시작하기

"آیا در این مزرعه گاوهای شیرده هم دارید؟ (Do you have lactating cows in this farm?)"

"بهترین مکمل برای یک مادر شیرده چیست؟ (What is the best supplement for a nursing mother?)"

"دوره شیردهی در این نژاد چقدر طول می‌کشد؟ (How long is the lactation period in this breed?)"

"چرا این گاو دیگر شیرده نیست؟ (Why is this cow no longer milk-producing?)"

"آیا این دارو برای زنان شیرده بی‌خطر است؟ (Is this medicine safe for nursing women?)"

일기 주제

توصیف کنید که چگونه یک مادر شیرده از نوزادش مراقبت می‌کند. (Describe how a nursing mother cares for her infant.)

اهمیت گاوهای شیرده در اقتصاد روستایی را تحلیل کنید. (Analyze the importance of milch cows in the rural economy.)

آیا تا به حال از استعاره 'گاو شیرده' در کار خود استفاده کرده‌اید؟ (Have you ever used the 'cash cow' metaphor in your work?)

تفاوت‌های بین یک حیوان شیرده و یک حیوان گوشتی را بنویسید. (Write the differences between a milk-producing animal and a meat animal.)

درباره چالش‌های مادران شیرده در محل کار تحقیق کنید و بنویسید. (Research and write about the challenges of nursing mothers in the workplace.)

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No. While 'shir' can mean lion, in the compound 'shir-deh', it exclusively refers to milk. There is no context in Persian where it would mean giving lions.

Biologically, no. It is specifically for female mammals that produce milk. Using it for a father would be incorrect unless used in a very specific metaphorical sense.

'Shir-deh' is an adjective (e.g., a lactating cow), while 'shir-dehi' is a noun (e.g., the act of lactation or breastfeeding).

Yes, it is the standard term used in books, news, and medical contexts. It is neither overly slangy nor too archaic.

You use the literal translation: 'gāve shir-deh' (گاو شیرده). It is used exactly like the English idiom in business.

Usually no. For plants that produce a milk-like sap, you might use 'shir-dār', but 'shir-deh' is reserved for mammals.

Yes, as an adjective it follows the noun (e.g., 'gāvhā-ye shir-deh'). If used as a noun, it would be 'shir-deh-hā'.

The opposite is 'khoshk' (dry). A 'gāve khoshk' is a cow that is not currently producing milk.

No. 'Shir-deh' specifically refers to biological milk production. Formula feeding is 'shir-e khoshk dādan'.

Yes, etymologically both come from the root for milk, as milk was the primary 'sweet' thing in ancient times.

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