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valmistua

B1 verb 11분 분량

valmistua

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 valmistua 30초 만에

설명 valmistua in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should focus on the simplest meaning of valmistua: 'to be ready' or 'to finish school'. Even though this word is usually introduced later, you might hear it when people talk about their basic background. Think of it as the 'finish line' word. For example, if you are in a Finnish class, you might say 'Koulu loppuu' (School ends), but a teacher might say 'Milloin kurssi valmistuu?' (When will the course be finished/ready?). At this stage, don't worry too much about the complex grammar. Just try to recognize the word when you see it on signs at construction sites or in simple news. Remember the root word valmis (ready), which you definitely know from phrases like 'Ruoka on valmis!' (Food is ready!). The verb valmistua is just the action of reaching that 'valmis' state. It is like saying 'to become ready'. If you can remember that valmistua means something is becoming finished or a student is finishing their studies, you are doing great for A1. You don't need to produce long sentences with it yet; just understand that it marks the end of a process.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the A2 level, you start using valmistua to talk about your own life or simple projects. You should learn the basic pattern: Minä valmistun (I graduate). At this level, you can start practicing the 'from' case, which is the elative (-sta/-stä). For example, 'Valmistun lukiosta' (I graduate from high school). You can also use it for simple things like food or small tasks. 'Milloin ruoka valmistuu?' (When will the food be ready?). This is a very useful question in daily life. You should also be able to distinguish between valmistua and valmistella (to prepare). At A2, you are building the foundation of your Finnish grammar, so paying attention to the fact that the subject 'becomes ready' is key. You might use it in the future tense (which in Finnish is often just the present tense with a time expression) to talk about your plans: 'Minä valmistun ensi vuonna' (I will graduate next year). This is a very common sentence in A2 level speaking tests. Focus on these personal and immediate uses of the word.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the B1 level, you are expected to use valmistua correctly with its required cases. This is where the translative case (-ksi) becomes important. You should be able to say not just where you graduated from, but what you graduated as. 'Valmistuin opettajaksi yliopistosta' (I graduated as a teacher from university). This level also requires you to understand the word in professional contexts. You will hear it in work meetings when discussing project timelines: 'Projekti valmistuu aikataulussa' (The project will be completed on schedule). You should also understand the difference between valmistua (to be completed) and saada valmiiksi (to finish something). B1 learners should be comfortable using the word in different tenses, including the perfect tense: 'Olen jo valmistunut' (I have already graduated). You are now moving beyond simple school talk and into the nuances of completion in various fields like construction, cooking, and administration. You should also be able to read short news articles about new buildings or schools 'valmistuminen' (completing) and understand what is happening.

At the B2 level, you should have a nuanced command of valmistua and its related forms. You can use it in more abstract contexts, such as 'Suunnitelma valmistuu' (The plan is taking shape/being finalized). You should also be familiar with the noun form valmistuminen (graduation/completion) and use it fluently in sentences. For example, 'Valmistumisen jälkeen aion muuttaa ulkomaille' (After graduation, I intend to move abroad). At this level, you should also be able to use the word in more complex grammatical structures, such as the passive or with modal verbs: 'Työn pitäisi valmistua huomiseen mennessä' (The work should be completed by tomorrow). You are also expected to understand the subtle difference between valmistua and kypsyä in metaphorical senses. For instance, an idea might be 'maturing' (kypsymässä) before it is finally 'ready/completed' (valmistuu). Your vocabulary should be rich enough to discuss the Finnish education system and the societal importance of 'valmistujaiset' (graduation parties) using this verb as a central point of discussion.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the C1 level, your use of valmistua should be indistinguishable from a native speaker's in terms of accuracy and context. You understand its use in formal academic writing, legal texts, and high-level professional discourse. You can discuss the implications of someone 'valmistua' in a particular field and how that relates to the labor market. You are also aware of the less common uses of the word, such as in the context of legal processes or legislative work: 'Uusi laki valmistuu pitkän valmistelun jälkeen' (The new law is finalized after long preparation). You can use the verb in complex participial constructions, like 'vastavalmistunut' (newly graduated). You also recognize the stylistic choices between valmistua and its synonyms like valmistua loppuun or saattaa päätökseen. At this level, you can also appreciate the word's role in Finnish idioms and more poetic or literary contexts where completion signifies a life transition or the fulfillment of a long-term destiny. You can debate the efficiency of construction projects by discussing why they 'eivät valmistu ajoissa' (do not finish on time) using sophisticated arguments.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the C2 level, you possess a masterly command of valmistua, including all its subtle connotations and historical/etymological weight. You can use it in philosophical discussions about the nature of 'readiness' and 'completion'. You are comfortable using it in any register, from slang to the most formal academic or legal Finnish. You can analyze the morphology of the word, recognizing the reflexive/automative -tu/ty suffix and how it shapes the meaning of the root 'valmi-'. You can use the word to create sophisticated metaphors or in creative writing to describe the slow, inevitable completion of a process, whether it's the 'valmistuminen' of a person's character or a complex societal change. You are also fully aware of the cultural history behind the 'valmistujaisperinteet' (graduation traditions) in Finland and can speak or write about them with the depth of a cultural insider. Your use of the word is effortless, and you can play with its meanings to convey irony, sarcasm, or profound achievement. You understand the full spectrum of its application, from a simple cup of coffee to the completion of a multi-billion euro infrastructure project like the Olkiluoto 3 nuclear power plant.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

valmistua 30초 만에

Valmistua means 'to graduate' from an educational institution or 'to be completed' regarding projects, buildings, or even food items reaching their final state.
It is an intransitive verb, meaning the subject itself becomes ready. You graduate (valmistut) or the house finishes (talo valmistuu) on its own.
In academic contexts, use the elative case (-sta/-stä) for the school and the translative case (-ksi) for the degree or profession you have earned.
Commonly heard in spring during graduation season and in construction news. It is derived from the word 'valmis', which means 'ready' or 'finished'.

The Finnish verb valmistua is a versatile and essential term that primarily translates to "to graduate" or "to be completed/finished." At its core, it describes a process reaching its natural conclusion or a state of readiness being achieved through a formal or structural progression. Unlike the English word "graduate," which is almost exclusively used in educational contexts, valmistua extends to inanimate objects like buildings, reports, or even food when it reaches its final state of preparation. Understanding this word requires grasping the Finnish concept of "valmis" (ready/finished), from which the verb is derived. When a student valmistuu, they have become "ready" in the eyes of the educational system. When a house valmistuu, it has become "ready" for habitation. This nuance is critical for English speakers who might otherwise search for separate verbs for graduation and completion.

Educational Context: In academic settings, valmistua is the standard term for finishing a degree. It is used with the elative case (-sta/-stä) to indicate the institution one is leaving and the translative case (-ksi) to indicate the professional title one has earned. For example, 'valmistua yliopistosta' (to graduate from university) and 'valmistua opettajaksi' (to graduate as a teacher).

Hän aikoo valmistua maisteriksi ensi keväänä.

Beyond school, the word is frequently heard in the construction and project management industries. In these contexts, the subject of the sentence is the object being built. You might hear, 'Uusi silta valmistuu ensi vuonna' (The new bridge will be completed next year). This usage highlights the 'automative' nature of the -tua suffix in Finnish, which often implies that something becomes something or reaches a state, sometimes without focusing on the active agent doing the work. It emphasizes the result rather than the effort. In daily life, you might even use it for dinner: 'Ruoka valmistuu kymmenessä minuutissa' (The food will be ready in ten minutes), though 'valmistua' here feels slightly more formal or definitive than simply saying 'on valmista'.

Project Completion: When a task or project is finally done, valmistua signifies the transition from 'in progress' to 'finished product'. It is commonly used in news headlines regarding infrastructure.

Milloin raportti valmistuu?

The cultural weight of valmistua in Finland cannot be overstated, especially regarding the 'ylioppilas' (high school graduate). The moment of valmistuminen (graduation) is celebrated with large family parties called 'valmistujaiset'. For a Finn, valmistua isn't just about finishing a book; it's about a significant milestone where one's status in society changes. It marks the end of a long journey of preparation and the beginning of a new phase of 'readiness'. Whether it is a student, a cake, or a skyscraper, the word captures that final click of the last puzzle piece falling into place.

Culinary Usage: While 'kypsyä' is used for ripening or cooking through, valmistua can describe the dish reaching its final served state.

Kakku valmistuu uunissa.

In summary, use valmistua when you want to talk about the successful conclusion of a program, the finalization of a physical object, or the point where a process yields a result. It is a word of achievement and completion that bridges the gap between 'doing' and 'done'.

Mastering valmistua requires a solid understanding of Finnish case endings, as the word almost always triggers specific grammatical markers. The most important thing to remember is the 'from where' and 'as what' logic. When you graduate from a place, you use the elative case (-sta/-stä). If you are graduating with a specific title or into a profession, you use the translative case (-ksi). This dual-case requirement is a hallmark of Finnish sentence structure for verbs of change and transition.

The 'From' Rule (Elative): Use the elative case for the school or institution. Example: 'Valmistuin lukiosta' (I graduated from high school). 'Lukiosta' is the elative form of 'lukio'.

Hän valmistui ammattikoulusta viime vuonna.

When talking about the profession, the translative case expresses the transformation. If you graduate to become a doctor, you say 'valmistua lääkäriksi'. The '-ksi' ending literally translates to 'into' or 'as'. This is essential because simply using the nominative (lääkäri) would be grammatically incorrect. You are describing the result of the process of 'becoming'.

The 'As what' Rule (Translative): Use the translative case for the degree or profession. Example: 'Hän valmistuu insinööriksi' (He is graduating as an engineer).

Minä haluan valmistua nopeasti.

Another common pattern involves the time of completion. You can use the inessive case (-ssa/-ssä) to say how long something took to be completed. 'Talo valmistui vuodessa' (The house was completed in a year). This demonstrates the resultative nature of the verb—it focuses on the end point. If you were focusing on the duration of the work itself, you might use 'rakentaa' (to build), but valmistua marks the finish line.

Time Expressions: Use 'mennessä' (by) or 'varten' (for) to set deadlines. Example: 'Työn täytyy valmistua maanantaihin mennessä' (The work must be completed by Monday).

Remontti valmistuu vihdoinkin!

In more advanced usage, valmistua can appear in the third infinitive illative form 'valmistumaan'. This is common with verbs of movement or starting. 'Hän meni valmistumaan' (He went to graduate/finish his studies). While less common, it shows the verb's flexibility. Most importantly, keep your focus on the 'ready' state. If the sentence describes something reaching its final form, valmistua is your go-to verb.

In Finland, valmistua is a word that echoes through several specific corridors of life. Perhaps the most prominent is the educational sphere. Every spring and late autumn, Finnish media is flooded with the word as thousands of students reach their milestones. You will hear it in graduation speeches, see it in newspaper announcements listing new graduates (valmistuneet), and hear it in every family gathering where a young person is asked about their future. 'Milloin valmistut?' (When are you graduating?) is a standard question for any student.

The Workplace: In offices, managers use valmistua to check on the status of projects. 'Milloin se raportti valmistuu?' (When will that report be finished?) is a daily occurrence.

Uusi tehdas valmistuu Ouluun.

The construction industry is another major domain. Finland is known for its constant infrastructure updates and seasonal construction cycles. Radio news segments frequently report on the completion of highways, tunnels, or public buildings. Here, valmistua is used to give the public a timeline for when life will return to normal after roadworks. You'll see it on signs at construction sites: 'Kohde valmistuu 2025' (The site will be completed in 2025).

In the kitchen, while 'valmistaa' (to prepare/cook) is the active verb for the chef, valmistua is used for the food itself. If you are waiting for coffee, you might say 'Kahvi valmistuu juuri' (The coffee is just finishing/being made). This shift in focus from the person to the object is very common in Finnish and sounds more natural than the passive voice in many cases. It gives the sense that the process is unfolding as it should.

Legal and Formal Documents: In laws or contracts, valmistua refers to the moment a document or a legal state becomes valid or complete.

Laki valmistuu eduskunnan käsittelyssä.

Finally, you will hear it in the context of personal development. If someone is undergoing a long process, like therapy or a training program, they might say they are 'valmistumassa' (in the process of finishing/graduating). It carries a sense of pride and anticipation. Whether it's a student, a bridge, or a cup of coffee, valmistua is the sound of things coming together.

For English speakers, the most frequent pitfall with valmistua is confusing it with its close relatives: valmistaa and valmistautua. These three verbs share the same root but function very differently. Valmistua is intransitive (it doesn't take a direct object in the same way); things finish or graduate themselves. Valmistaa is transitive (you finish or make something else). If you say 'Minä valmistun ruokaa', you are saying 'I am graduating food', which makes no sense. You should say 'Minä valmistan ruokaa' (I am preparing food).

Mistake 1: Wrong Transitivity: Using valmistua when you are the one making something. Correct: 'Valmistan kakun'. Incorrect: 'Valmistun kakun'.

Väärin: Minä valmistun läksyt. (I graduate my homework.)

Another common error involves the reflexive valmistautua. This means 'to prepare oneself' for something that hasn't happened yet, like a test or a trip. Students often mix this up. If you say 'Minä valmistun tenttiin', you are saying 'I am graduating into the exam'. You should say 'Minä valmistaudun tenttiin' (I am preparing for the exam). Remember: valmistua is the end of the road; valmistautua is the work you do before the road starts.

Case errors are the third major hurdle. English speakers often forget the translative -ksi for professions. They might say 'Valmistuin lääkäri' instead of 'Valmistuin lääkäriksi'. In Finnish, you don't just 'graduate doctor'; you 'graduate into a doctor'. Similarly, using the wrong 'from' case (like the ablative -lta/-ltä) is a common mistake. It must be the elative -sta/-stä because you are coming out of the 'container' of the school.

Mistake 2: Case Misuse: Forgetting the -ksi ending for the profession. Correct: 'Valmistun insinööriksi'. Incorrect: 'Valmistun insinööri'.

Väärin: Valmistuin yliopisto. (I graduated university.)

Finally, beware of using valmistua for finishing a book or a movie. In Finnish, you 'read a book to the end' (lukea loppuun) or 'finish' it (saada valmiiksi). Valmistua implies a more structural or formal completion. A book valmistuu when the author finishes writing it and it is ready for publishing, but a reader does not valmistua from a book.

While valmistua is the most common word for graduation and completion, Finnish offers several alternatives depending on the nuance you want to convey. If you want to emphasize the act of 'finishing' a task rather than the 'becoming ready' aspect, you might use saada valmiiksi. This is a very common phrasal verb that literally means 'to get (something) into a ready state'. It is more active than valmistua.

Valmistua vs. Saada valmiiksi: Valmistua is about the object/person reaching the goal (The house finishes). Saada valmiiksi is about the person completing the work (I finish the house).

Sain gradun valmiiksi eilen.

For academic contexts, another formal alternative is suorittaa tutkinto (to complete/attain a degree). This is more technical and often used in official documents or CVs. While valmistua is the social event of graduating, suorittaa focuses on the fulfillment of the requirements. You might say 'Olen suorittanut maisterin tutkinnon' (I have completed a Master's degree).

In the context of physical objects, valmistua can be replaced by valmistua loppuun (to be finished to the end) or tulla valmiiksi (to become ready). Tulla valmiiksi is slightly more informal and used frequently in spoken Finnish. For example, 'Milloin se tulee valmiiksi?' (When will it be ready?). This is often interchangeable with 'valmistuu', but feels a bit more dynamic.

Valmistua vs. Kypsyä: In cooking or metaphorical growth, kypsyä means 'to ripen' or 'to mature'. A plan might kypsyä (mature) before it finally valmistuu (is completed).

Suunnitelma kypsyi hitaasti.

Lastly, for mass production, you would use valmistua liukuhihnalta (to come off the assembly line). Here, valmistua is still used, but it's part of a specific idiom for manufacturing. Understanding these alternatives allows you to choose the exact level of formality and focus for your sentence, moving from the simple 'ready' to the formal 'attainment of a degree'.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The root 'valmis' is one of the most productive roots in Finnish, leading to words for manufacturing, cooking, graduating, and even the legal term for 'ready for trial'.

발음 가이드

UK /ˈvɑl.mis.tu.ɑ/

US /ˈvɑl.mɪs.tu.ɑ/

Primary stress is always on the first syllable: VAL-mis-tu-a.

라임이 맞는 단어

istua poistua uistua loistua muistua uistua suistua luistua

자주 하는 실수

Stressing the second or third syllable.
Pronouncing the 'v' as a 'w'.
Making the 'u' too long like in 'blue'.
Nasalizing the 'a' at the end.
Blending the 's' and 't' too much; they should be distinct.

난이도

독해 2/5

Easy to recognize in texts once you know the root 'valmis'.

쓰기 4/5

Difficult because of the translative (-ksi) and elative (-sta) case requirements.

말하기 3/5

Commonly used, but requires quick thinking for the correct case endings.

듣기 2/5

Clear pronunciation makes it relatively easy to hear.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

valmis koulu talo tehdä tulla

다음에 배울 것

valmistautua valmistaa valmistelu tutkinto ammatti

고급

suorittaa kypsyä viivästyä perustaa kehittyä

알아야 할 문법

Translative Case (-ksi)

Hän valmistuu opettajaksi.

Elative Case (-sta/-stä)

Valmistuin ammattikoulusta.

Automative Verbs (-tu/-ty)

Valmistua (to become ready), pesytyä (to get washed).

Time with Inessive (-ssa/-ssä)

Talo valmistuu vuodessa.

Temporal Construction (-ttua)

Valmistuttuaan hän lähti matkalle.

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수준별 예문

Koulu valmistuu pian.

The school will be finished soon.

The subject is 'koulu'. The verb is in the present tense, used for the near future.

Ruoka valmistuu nyt.

The food is getting ready now.

Simple present tense indicating an ongoing process.

Milloin sinä valmistut?

When do you graduate?

A common question for students.

Talo valmistuu kesällä.

The house will be finished in the summer.

Inessive case 'kesällä' indicates the time.

Minä valmistun tänään!

I graduate today!

Exclamatory use of the first person singular.

Hän valmistuu ammatista.

He graduates from a trade.

Elative case suffix -sta.

Kakku valmistuu uunissa.

The cake is finishing in the oven.

Inessive case 'uunissa' indicates location.

Työ valmistuu huomenna.

The work will be finished tomorrow.

Adverb 'huomenna' sets the future time.

Valmistun lukiosta toukokuussa.

I graduate from high school in May.

Elative case 'lukiosta'.

Remontti valmistuu viikon päästä.

The renovation will be finished in a week.

Genitive + 'päästä' indicates time from now.

Hän valmistuu pian lääkäriksi.

She will soon graduate as a doctor.

Translative case 'lääkäriksi'.

Milloin uusi tie valmistuu?

When will the new road be finished?

Interrogative sentence about infrastructure.

Me valmistumme samana vuonna.

We graduate in the same year.

First person plural 'valmistumme'.

Kahvi valmistuu juuri nyt.

The coffee is being made right now.

Focus on the object becoming ready.

Hän ei valmistu tänä vuonna.

He is not graduating this year.

Negative form 'ei valmistu'.

Raportti valmistuu illalla.

The report will be ready in the evening.

Adverbial 'illalla'.

Hän valmistui yliopistosta maisteriksi.

He graduated from university with a Master's degree.

Past tense 'valmistui' with elative and translative.

Uusi kirjasto valmistuu ensi kuussa.

The new library will be completed next month.

Subject 'kirjasto' is the thing being completed.

Aiotko valmistua tavoiteajassa?

Do you intend to graduate within the target time?

Inessive case 'tavoiteajassa'.

Työmaa valmistuu vihdoinkin.

The construction site is finally finishing.

Adverb 'vihdoinkin' adds emphasis.

Hän haluaa valmistua ammattiin.

She wants to graduate into a profession.

Illative case 'ammattiin'.

Milloin tämä projekti valmistuu?

When will this project be completed?

Standard business question.

Valmistuin ammattiin kaksi vuotta sitten.

I graduated into the profession two years ago.

Past tense 'valmistuin'.

Kirja valmistuu painosta pian.

The book will be ready from the press soon.

Elative 'painosta' (from the press).

Hänen opintonsa valmistuvat pian.

Her studies will be completed soon.

Plural subject 'opinnot' leads to 'valmistuvat'.

Silta valmistui etuajassa.

The bridge was completed ahead of schedule.

Adverbial 'etuajassa'.

Hän valmistui kurssilta parhain arvosanoin.

He graduated from the course with the best grades.

Ablative case for 'arvosanoin' (with grades).

Suunnitelma valmistuu yhteistyössä.

The plan is being finalized in cooperation.

Inessive 'yhteistyössä'.

Hän on valmistumassa insinööriksi.

He is about to graduate as an engineer.

Present participle 'valmistumassa'.

Milloin uusi laki valmistuu?

When will the new law be finalized?

Abstract use for legislation.

Työ valmistui pitkän odotuksen jälkeen.

The work was completed after a long wait.

Genitive + 'jälkeen'.

Hän valmistui suoraan työttömäksi.

He graduated straight into unemployment.

Translative 'työttömäksi' (into an unemployed person).

Vastavalmistunut lääkäri aloitti työt.

The newly graduated doctor started work.

Compound adjective 'vastavalmistunut'.

Teos valmistui vasta kirjailijan kuoleman jälkeen.

The work was completed only after the author's death.

Focus on posthumous completion.

Tutkimus valmistuu ensi vuoden puolella.

The research will be completed sometime next year.

Idiomatic 'ensi vuoden puolella'.

Hän valmistui ennätysajassa.

She graduated in record time.

Inessive 'ennätysajassa'.

Hanke valmistui huolimatta suurista vaikeuksista.

The project was completed despite great difficulties.

Preposition 'huolimatta' with partitive.

Valmistuva opiskelija piti puheen.

The graduating student gave a speech.

Present participle 'valmistuva' as an adjective.

Mietintö valmistuu komitean työn tuloksena.

The report is being finalized as a result of the committee's work.

Essive 'tuloksena'.

Hän valmistui elämän kovaan kouluun.

He graduated into the hard school of life.

Metaphorical use of 'valmistua'.

Strategia valmistuu vasta perusteellisen analyysin jälkeen.

The strategy will only be finalized after a thorough analysis.

Formal business/political context.

Hän valmistui tehtäväänsä vuosien harjoittelun myötä.

He became ready for his task through years of practice.

Illative 'tehtäväänsä' (for his task).

Valmistuttuaan hän suuntasi heti ulkomaille.

Having graduated, he immediately headed abroad.

Temporal construction 'valmistuttuaan'.

Uudisrakennus valmistuu kaupunkikuvaa elävöittämään.

The new building is being completed to enliven the cityscape.

III infinitive illative for purpose.

Hän valmistui lääketieteen lisensiaatiksi.

He graduated as a Licentiate of Medicine.

Specific academic title in translative.

Artikkeli valmistuu julkaistavaksi ensi numerossa.

The article is being finalized for publication in the next issue.

Passive present participle 'julkaistavaksi'.

Hän valmistui henkisesti suureen muutokseen.

He became mentally ready for a great change.

Adverb 'henkisesti' with illative.

Valmistuminen on vasta alkusoittoa tulevalle.

Graduation is only an overture to what is to come.

Noun 'valmistuminen' as a subject.

자주 쓰는 조합

valmistua yliopistosta

valmistua lääkäriksi

valmistua ajoissa

valmistua etuajassa

valmistua ammatista

valmistua maisteriksi

valmistua uunista

valmistua painosta

valmistua vasta

valmistua lukiosta

자주 쓰는 구문

Milloin valmistut?

— A standard question asking when someone will finish their degree.

Milloin valmistut yliopistosta?

Valmistua ammattiin.

— To graduate with a specific professional qualification.

Hän haluaa valmistua ammattiin mahdollisimman pian.

Projekti valmistuu.

— The project is reaching its conclusion.

Milloin tämä suuri projekti valmistuu?

Valmistua työttömäksi.

— To graduate and immediately become unemployed (often used cynically).

Moni valmistuu nykyään suoraan työttömäksi.

Valmistua ajallaan.

— To graduate or be completed on the scheduled time.

On tärkeää valmistua ajallaan.

Vasta valmistunut.

— Someone who has just recently graduated.

Hän on vasta valmistunut arkkitehti.

Valmistua lääkäriksi.

— To complete medical school and become a doctor.

Hänen unelmansa on valmistua lääkäriksi.

Talo valmistuu.

— The house is being finished or is ready.

Uusi talo valmistuu tontille.

Valmistua elämään.

— A metaphorical phrase about being ready for life's challenges.

Koulu auttaa valmistumaan elämään.

Valmistua painosta.

— When a printed work like a book or newspaper is ready.

Kirja valmistuu painosta ensi viikolla.

자주 혼동되는 단어

valmistua vs valmistautua

Means 'to prepare oneself'. You prepare for a test (valmistautua), but you graduate (valmistua).

valmistua vs valmistaa

Means 'to prepare/make something'. You make food (valmistaa), but the food becomes ready (valmistuu).

valmistua vs valmistella

Means 'to work on preparations'. It's the process, while 'valmistua' is the result.

관용어 및 표현

"Valmistua elämän kovaan kouluun"

— To have learned through difficult life experiences rather than formal education.

Hän ei käynyt yliopistoa, vaan valmistui elämän kovaan kouluun.

Informal/Metaphorical

"Valmistua liukuhihnalta"

— To be produced or graduated in large, impersonal quantities.

Nykyään maistereita valmistuu liukuhihnalta.

Critical/Informal

"Valmistua suoraan kortistoon"

— To graduate and go straight to the unemployment office (kortisto).

Pelkään, että valmistun suoraan kortistoon.

Slang/Cynical

"Olla valmistumassa"

— To be in the final stages of finishing something or graduating.

Hän on juuri valmistumassa lääkäriksi.

Neutral

"Saada jotain valmistumaan"

— To successfully bring something to completion.

Saimme vihdoin projektin valmistumaan.

Neutral

"Valmistua kuin apteekin hyllyltä"

— Though usually 'tulla kuin apteekin hyllyltä' (to come ready-made), it can imply something finishing perfectly and quickly.

Vastaus valmistui kuin apteekin hyllyltä.

Idiomatic

"Valmistua hitaasti mutta varmasti"

— To be completed slowly but surely.

Talo valmistuu hitaasti mutta varmasti.

Common idiom

"Valmistua yhdessä yössä"

— To be completed overnight (often used for surprising results).

Suunnitelma ei valmistunut yhdessä yössä.

Neutral

"Valmistua pystymetsästä"

— To graduate or finish something without any prior background (rare/slang).

Hän valmistui alalle ihan pystymetsästä.

Colloquial

"Valmistua ja viisastua"

— To graduate and become wiser (rhyming/playful).

Toivottavasti hän valmistuu ja viisastuu.

Playful

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valmistua vs valmistaa

They look very similar and share the root 'valmis'.

Valmistaa is transitive (I make something). Valmistua is intransitive (Something becomes ready).

Minä valmistan ruokaa. Ruoka valmistuu.

valmistua vs valmistautua

Both relate to being 'ready'.

Valmistautua is preparation for a future event. Valmistua is the completion of a process.

Valmistaudun juhliin. Valmistun koulusta.

valmistua vs kypsyä

Both can mean something is 'finishing' in the oven or in life.

Kypsyä focuses on biological or internal maturation. Valmistua focuses on structural completion.

Omena kypsyy. Talo valmistuu.

valmistua vs päättyä

Both mean something ends.

Päättyä just means 'to end'. Valmistua means 'to end successfully and ready'.

Kokous päättyy. Kurssi valmistuu.

valmistua vs suorittaa

Both are used for degrees.

Suorittaa is the active act of doing the requirements. Valmistua is the status change of graduating.

Suoritan kurssin. Valmistun maisteriksi.

문장 패턴

[Subject] valmistuu [Time].

Talo valmistuu huomenna.

Minä valmistun [School]-sta [Profession]-ksi.

Minä valmistun yliopistosta lääkäriksi.

[Object] valmistuu [Time] mennessä.

Raportti valmistuu maanantaihin mennessä.

Hän on valmistumassa [Profession]-ksi.

Hän on valmistumassa insinööriksi.

[Task] valmistui [Time]-ssa.

Silta valmistui kolmessa vuodessa.

Valmistuttuaan [Subject] [Action].

Valmistuttuaan hän sai heti töitä.

[Subject] valmistui [Adverbial] [Task]-uun.

Hän valmistui henkisesti uuteen tehtävään.

[Subject] valmistuu [Infinitive] [Object].

Hanke valmistuu palvelemaan asukkaita.

어휘 가족

명사

valmistuminen (graduation/completion)

valmistujaiset (graduation party)

valmistelu (preparation)

valmiste (preparation/product)

valmistaja (manufacturer)

동사

valmistaa (to prepare/manufacture)

valmistautua (to prepare oneself)

valmistella (to prepare/work on something)

valmiistella (to finish up)

형용사

valmis (ready/finished)

valmistunut (graduated/completed)

valmisteleva (preparatory)

puolivalmis (half-finished)

사용법

frequency

Very high, especially in spring and autumn.

자주 하는 실수

Valmistun lääkäri. → Valmistun lääkäriksi.
You must use the translative case for the profession you graduate as.
Minä valmistun ruokaa. → Minä valmistan ruokaa.
Valmistua is intransitive. You cannot 'graduate' food; you 'prepare' (valmistaa) it.
Valmistuin yliopistolla. → Valmistuin yliopistosta.
You graduate 'out of' a school, so use the elative case (-sta), not the adessive (-lla).
Valmistun tenttiin. → Valmistaudun tenttiin.
Valmistua is to graduate/finish. Valmistautua is to prepare oneself for something coming up.
Milloin kirja valmistuu sinulle? → Milloin saat kirjan valmiiksi?
If you are the one writing the book, use 'saada valmiiksi'. 'Valmistua' focuses on the book's own completion.

팁

The -KSI Rule

Always use the translative case (-ksi) for the role or profession. Think of it as 'I became X'. 'Valmistun kokiksi' (I graduate as a chef).

The Root Word

Connect 'valmistua' to 'valmis' (ready). It makes it much easier to remember that the verb means 'to become ready'.

The White Cap

In Finland, 'valmistua' from high school means getting the 'ylioppilaslakki'. It's the most iconic use of the word.

Buildings Finish Themselves

In Finnish, you say 'The house finishes' (Talo valmistuu). You don't need to say 'The workers finished the house' unless you want to emphasize the workers.

Deadlines

Use 'mennessä' (by) with 'valmistua' to set professional deadlines. 'Raportin pitää valmistua perjantaihin mennessä'.

Spoken Form

In casual speech, people might say 'Se valmistuu kohta' (It'll be ready soon) for anything from a coffee to a video game download.

CV Writing

On a CV, use the past participle 'valmistunut' followed by the year and school. 'Valmistunut Helsingin yliopistosta 2018'.

First Syllable Stress

Always stress the 'VAL'. If you stress the middle of the word, Finns might not understand you immediately.

Active vs. Passive

Remember: Valmistaa = You make it. Valmistua = It becomes made. This is the key to avoiding 'I am graduating the soup'.

Temporal Construction

Learn 'valmistuttuaan' (after having graduated). It's a very elegant way to start a sentence about someone's career.

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'VAL-mis-tu-a'. VAL is like 'Value'. When you graduate, your value is 'Ready' (Valmis) to 'Tua' (Take) a job.

시각적 연상

Imagine a student putting on a white Finnish graduation cap (ylioppilaslakki) while a house in the background has its last brick placed. Both are 'valmistua'.

Word Web

valmis yliopisto tutkinto ammatti talo projekti valmistujaiset maisteri

챌린지

Try to use 'valmistua' in three different ways today: one about your studies, one about a meal, and one about a work task.

어원

The verb 'valmistua' is derived from the adjective 'valmis', which means 'ready' or 'prepared'. The suffix '-tua' is a reflexive or automative suffix in Finnish, indicating that the subject enters a state. It has roots in Proto-Finnic *valmis.

원래 의미: To become ready or to reach a state of preparedness.

Uralic / Finnic

문화적 맥락

Be careful not to confuse 'valmistua' (to graduate) with 'valmistua työttömäksi' (to graduate into unemployment), as the latter can be a sensitive or political topic.

In English, we use 'graduate' for school and 'be completed' for buildings. In Finnish, one word 'valmistua' covers both.

Ylioppilasjuhlat (The traditional Finnish graduation parties) Gaudeamus Igitur (Song often sung at Finnish graduations) Olkiluoto 3 (A famous Finnish project that took a very long time to 'valmistua')

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Education

Valmistua lukiosta
Valmistua maisteriksi
Valmistumispäivä
Milloin valmistut?

Construction

Talo valmistuu
Rakennusurakka valmistuu
Valmistua aikataulussa
Kohde valmistuu

Cooking

Ruoka valmistuu
Kakku valmistuu uunissa
Kahvi valmistuu
Pian valmistuu!

Business

Projekti valmistuu
Raportti valmistuu
Valmistua määräaikaan mennessä
Suunnitelma valmistuu

General/Abstract

Valmistua elämään
Valmistua hitaasti
Vihdoinkin se valmistuu
Kaikki valmistuu aikanaan

대화 시작하기

"Milloin sinä valmistut tai valmistuit koulusta?"

"Miksi jotkut rakennusprojektit eivät koskaan valmistu ajoissa?"

"Millaiseksi ammattilaiseksi haluaisit valmistua tulevaisuudessa?"

"Mitä aiot tehdä heti sen jälkeen, kun valmistut?"

"Onko sinulla ollut joskus projekti, joka ei koskaan valmistunut?"

일기 주제

Kirjoita päivästä, jolloin valmistuit tai tulet valmistumaan. Miltä se tuntuu?

Pohdi, miksi valmistuminen on tärkeä virstanpylväs suomalaisessa kulttuurissa.

Listaa asioita, jotka haluat saada valmistumaan tänä vuonna.

Mitä taitoja tarvitset, jotta voit valmistua unelma-ammattiisi?

Kirjoita kuvitteellinen uutinen uudesta rakennuksesta, joka valmistuu kaupunkiisi.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, you usually say 'lukea loppuun' (read to the end). 'Valmistua' would mean the book itself is being written or printed and is now ready for the public.

'Valmistua' is general completion. Adding 'loppuun' (to the end) emphasizes that the very last details are being finished. It's often used when a project has been long or delayed.

Yes, 'valmistua lukiosta' is correct. However, for primary school (peruskoulu), it's more common to say 'päättää peruskoulu'.

Yes, but it's slightly formal. 'Ruoka on valmis' is more common in daily life, but 'Ruoka valmistuu pian' is perfectly fine to say.

You use the translative case: 'Valmistuin sairaanhoitajaksi'.

No, you 'lähteä' (leave) or 'jäädä eläkkeelle' (retire) from a job. 'Valmistua' is only for the educational phase.

You use the essive case (-na/-nä) or just the year. 'Valmistuin vuonna 2020' or 'Valmistuin sinä vuonna'.

Extremely common. It is a B1 level word because it is fundamental for discussing one's life history and work progress.

Yes, 'valmistutaan', but because the verb is already automative, the passive is rarely used compared to the active 'valmistuu'.

It is the noun for the graduation party itself, derived from the verb 'valmistua'.

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