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B1 adjective 7분 분량

épouvanté

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 épouvanté 30초 만에

설명 épouvanté in your Level:

At the A1 level, you usually learn simple emotions like 'content' (happy) or 'triste' (sad). The word 'épouvanté' is quite advanced for this level, but you can think of it as 'très, très, très peur' (very, very, very afraid). If you see a big monster in a cartoon, you can say 'Je suis épouvanté !' Although you won't use this word often in basic greetings or ordering food, it is a great 'bonus' word to show you know more than just the basics. Remember that it describes how you feel. If you are a boy, say 'épouvanté'. If you are a girl, say 'épouvantée'. The pronunciation is roughly 'ay-poo-vahn-tay'. Focus on the 'épou-' sound which comes from the same root as 'horror' in some Latin-based contexts. At this level, just try to recognize it when you hear it in stories or movies. It is much stronger than 'peur'.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to describe your feelings in more detail. You might know 'effrayé' (scared). 'Épouvanté' is the next step up. It is used when something is really shocking. For example, if you see a car accident, you are not just 'effrayé', you are 'épouvanté'. You should practice using it with the verb 'être'. For example: 'Il est épouvanté par l'orage' (He is terrified by the storm). You can also use it to describe people in a story you are reading. Notice the spelling: it ends in 'é' because it comes from a verb. This is a common pattern in French for adjectives that describe a state of being. You will often see it followed by 'par' (by). Try to use it once in a while instead of 'très effrayé' to sound more natural and sophisticated in your French compositions.

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At the B1 level, you are expected to understand and use a wider range of vocabulary to express nuances. 'Épouvanté' is a perfect B1 word because it allows you to distinguish between simple fear and true terror or being appalled. You should be able to use it in different tenses, like the 'imparfait' for descriptions: 'Les témoins étaient épouvantés' (The witnesses were terrified). You also start to see its use in expressing a moral reaction: 'Je suis épouvanté par la cruauté de cet homme' (I am appalled by this man's cruelty). Here, it's not just physical fear, but a deep psychological shock. You should also be careful with the distinction between 'épouvanté' (the person feeling fear) and 'épouvantable' (the thing causing the fear). This is a common error at this level. Practice writing short stories where a character moves from being 'inquiet' (worried) to 'effrayé' (scared) and finally 'épouvanté'.

At the B2 level, you should use 'épouvanté' with precision in both speech and writing. You are now exploring the 'register' of words. 'Épouvanté' is more formal and literary than 'avoir la trouille' (slang for being scared). You should be able to use it in complex sentences with relative clauses: 'C'est une femme épouvantée par son passé qui nous a contactés' (It is a woman terrified by her past who contacted us). You should also understand its relationship to the noun 'l'épouvante'. At this level, you can use it to describe reactions to social or political issues. For instance, in an essay about climate change, you might write: 'De nombreux scientifiques sont épouvantés par la rapidité de la fonte des glaces.' This shows you can use emotional vocabulary to strengthen your arguments. You should also be familiar with synonyms like 'horrifié' or 'terrorisé' and know when to choose one over the other based on the context of the fear.

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At the C1 level, you should appreciate the stylistic value of 'épouvanté'. It is a word that carries weight and can be used to create a specific atmosphere in creative writing or to express profound indignation in formal discourse. You should recognize its use in classical French literature (Gothic, Romanticism) where it often describes the 'sublime'—a mix of awe and terror. You should also be able to use it in its adverbial form 'épouvantablement' to mean 'terribly' or 'horribly', though this is a slightly different usage. At C1, you should also be aware of the subtle differences between being 'épouvanté' and being 'médusé' (dumbfounded/stunned) or 'pétrifié' (petrified). 'Épouvanté' always keeps the core of 'épouvante' (horror). You should be able to analyze why an author chose this word over another in a text, focusing on the sensory and psychological imagery it evokes.

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At the C2 level, you have a near-native grasp of the word. You understand its etymological roots and its evolution in the French language. You can use 'épouvanté' in highly sophisticated ways, perhaps even ironically or in complex metaphors. You are aware of its placement in the history of French 'littérature fantastique'. You can discuss the nuances between 'l'épouvante' (sudden terror) and 'l'angoisse' (lingering anxiety) or 'la terreur' (organized fear). In your own writing, you use 'épouvanté' to evoke a specific visceral reaction in the reader. You might use it to describe a society's collective reaction to a paradigm shift. Your mastery allows you to use it in any context—from a formal critique of a horror film to a philosophical discussion on the nature of fear itself. You no longer just 'know' the word; you feel its weight and history whenever you use it.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

épouvanté 30초 만에

Épouvanté means 'terrified' or 'appalled'. It is a strong adjective for extreme fear.
It must agree in gender and number with the person feeling the fear.
It is often followed by the prepositions 'par' or 'de' in sentences.
It is common in literature, news reports, and horror movie contexts.

The French word épouvanté is a powerful adjective that translates primarily to 'terrified', 'appalled', or 'horror-struck' in English. It is derived from the noun épouvante, which signifies a sudden, violent, and overwhelming fear. When you describe someone as épouvanté, you are suggesting that their fear has reached a peak where they might be physically paralyzed or mentally shocked by what they have witnessed or heard. This isn't just the 'peur' (fear) you feel when you think you forgot to lock the door; this is the visceral, bone-chilling terror associated with life-threatening situations, supernatural encounters, or witnessing a profound tragedy.

Emotional Intensity: This word sits at the higher end of the fear spectrum. It implies a loss of composure and a deep psychological impact. It is often synonymous with being 'struck with horror'.

Grammatical Nature: As an adjective, it must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies: épouvanté (masculine singular), épouvantée (feminine singular), épouvantés (masculine plural), and épouvantées (feminine plural).

Contextual Usage: It is frequently used in literary contexts, such as Gothic novels or news reports describing the aftermath of a disaster, where the witness's reaction is central to the narrative.

L'enfant restait immobile, épouvanté par l'ombre qui bougeait sur le mur.

Elle est revenue de la forêt totalement épouvantée, incapable de prononcer un seul mot.

Les villageois, épouvantés par la nouvelle, se sont enfermés chez eux.

Nous étions épouvantés d'apprendre l'ampleur des dégâts causés par l'ouragan.

Le témoin, encore épouvanté, a décrit la scène à la police.

In modern everyday speech, people might use it hyperbolically (e.g., 'I was terrified by the price of that coffee'), but its true home is in the realm of genuine alarm and shock. If you see a horrific accident or a ghost, you are épouvanté. If you just don't like spiders, you are likely just effrayé or you have peur. Understanding this nuance helps you convey the correct level of emotion in your French conversations and writing.

Using épouvanté correctly involves more than just knowing its definition; it requires an understanding of its role as an adjective and its agreement with the subject. Because it is derived from the past participle of the verb épouvanter (to terrify), it functions similarly to other emotional state adjectives like fatigué (tired) or étonné (surprised).

Agreement Rules: Remember the four forms: épouvanté (masculine), épouvantée (feminine), épouvantés (masculine plural), and épouvantées (feminine plural). If you are a woman saying 'I am terrified', you must say 'Je suis épouvantée'.

Common Prepositions: It is often followed by the preposition par (by) or de (of/at). For example: 'épouvanté par le bruit' (terrified by the noise) or 'épouvanté de voir' (terrified to see).

Il me regardait avec des yeux épouvantés, comme s'il avait vu un fantôme.

La foule, épouvantée, s'est précipitée vers les sorties de secours.

Je suis épouvanté par la violence de ce film; je n'aurais pas dû le regarder.

When constructing sentences, you can use it after 'être' (to be), 'paraître' (to seem), or 'sembler' (to seem). It can also be used as an appositive adjective to describe a subject's state during an action: 'Épouvanté, il s'enfuit en courant' (Terrified, he fled running). This placement adds a dramatic flair to your storytelling.

Furthermore, consider the intensity of the verb associated with it. Since 'épouvanté' is a strong word, it pairs well with verbs of movement (s'enfuir, trembler, reculer) or verbs of perception (voir, entendre, découvrir). Avoid using it with mild verbs like 'aimer' or 'penser' unless you are aiming for irony.

In contemporary France, you are more likely to encounter épouvanté in written media or high-stakes news broadcasts than in casual street slang. However, it remains a staple of the French language in specific contexts.

News and Media: Journalists use 'épouvanté' to describe the reactions of witnesses to major catastrophes, terrorist attacks, or natural disasters. It conveys the gravity of the event through the emotional state of the people involved.

Literature and Cinema: In horror movies (films d'épouvante) or thriller novels, this word is essential. A character isn't just 'peureux' (scaredy-cat); they are 'épouvanté' by the monster or the killer.

'Le monde est épouvanté par la montée des eaux,' a déclaré l'expert lors de l'interview.

Dans ce roman noir, le protagoniste se réveille épouvanté au milieu de la nuit.

You might also hear it in political discourse when an official wants to express deep disapproval or shock at an opponent's proposal or a tragic event. For example, 'Je suis épouvanté par cette décision' (I am appalled by this decision). Here, the meaning shifts slightly from 'terrified' to 'deeply shocked and morally repulsed'.

Lastly, in formal education, students will encounter this word while reading classic French literature. Authors like Victor Hugo or Emile Zola often used it to describe the plight of the poor or the victims of social injustice, highlighting their state of constant, paralyzing fear of the future.

While épouvanté is a useful word, learners often trip up on its intensity and its grammatical properties. It is not a direct replacement for 'scared' in every situation.

Overuse for Minor Fears: Don't use 'épouvanté' for a small spider or a slightly difficult exam. It makes you sound overly dramatic. Use 'effrayé' or 'avoir peur' for those cases. Save 'épouvanté' for things that truly shock the soul.

Confusing with 'Épouvantable': 'Épouvanté' describes how a person feels (terrified). 'Épouvantable' describes the thing that causes the fear (terrible/horrendous). You are 'épouvanté' by an 'épouvantable' crime.

Incorrect: Le film était très épouvanté.
Correct: Le film était très épouvantable.

Correct: J'étais épouvanté par ce film épouvantable.

Another mistake is forgetting the feminine 'e' or the plural 's'. In spoken French, these are often silent, but in writing, they are mandatory. 'Elle est épouvantée' (She is terrified) requires that extra 'e'. Also, be careful with the pronunciation of the 'é' at the end—it should be a sharp, closed sound, not an English 'ay' sound.

To truly master French, you need to know where épouvanté fits among its synonyms. Each word for 'fear' has a slightly different flavor.

Effrayé: The standard word for 'scared'. It is less intense than épouvanté and can be used for everyday situations like being scared of the dark.

Terrorisé: Very close to épouvanté, but often implies that the fear is being used as a weapon against the person (terrorism, bullying, extreme threat).

Pétrifié: Literally 'turned to stone'. This describes the physical state of being so épouvanté that you cannot move a muscle.

Comparaison: 'J'ai eu peur' (I was scared) vs 'J'étais épouvanté' (I was terrified/appalled).

If you want to sound more literary, you might use transi de peur (frozen with fear) or saisi d'effroi (seized by dread). If you are looking for an antonym, consider rassuré (reassured), impassible (unmoved/stoic), or brave (brave). Choosing the right word allows you to paint a more precise picture of the emotional landscape you are describing.

How Formal Is It?

격식체

"Le ministre s'est dit épouvanté par la recrudescence de la violence."

중립

"Elle était épouvantée par l'orage qui grondait."

비격식체

"J'étais grave épouvanté par ce film !"

Child friendly

"Le petit lapin est épouvanté par le loup."

속어

"J'avais trop l'épouvante (Noun used as slang for 'scared')."

재미있는 사실

The word 'épouvantail' (scarecrow) comes from the same root. Its literal meaning is 'something that terrifies' (specifically birds).

발음 가이드

UK /e.pu.vɑ̃.te/

US /e.pu.vɑ̃.te/

French words generally have even stress, with a slight emphasis on the final syllable: e-pu-van-TÉ.

라임이 맞는 단어

Chanté (sung) Dansé (danced) Enchanté (delighted) Santé (health) Étonné (surprised) Passé (past) Liberté (freedom) Été (summer)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing the final 'é' as a diphthong like the English 'ay' (it should be a pure vowel).
Fully pronouncing the 'n' in the nasal syllable 'van'.
Confusing the 'ou' sound with the 'u' sound (which is more forward in the mouth).
Stress on the first syllable.
Pronouncing the 'p' with too much aspiration (puff of air).

난이도

독해 3/5

Common in books and newspapers, usually easy to guess from context.

쓰기 4/5

Requires correct agreement (e, s, es) and understanding of intensity.

말하기 4/5

Nasal 'an' and final 'é' can be tricky for beginners.

듣기 3/5

Distinctive sound, usually easy to pick out in a sentence.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

Peur Effrayé Horreur Être Par

다음에 배울 것

Pétrifié Terrorisé Épouvantable Angoisse Effroi

고급

Sidéré Médusé Stupéfait Consterné Horrifié

알아야 할 문법

Adjective Agreement

La femme est épouvantée (f.s.).

Past Participle as Adjective

Le participe passé 'épouvanté' s'utilise comme un adjectif.

Preposition 'par' with passive states

Épouvanté par le bruit.

Preposition 'de' before infinitives

Épouvanté de découvrir la vérité.

Position of adjectives of emotion

Un homme épouvanté (usually after the noun).

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수준별 예문

Le petit chat est épouvanté.

The little cat is terrified.

Simple subject + verb 'être' + adjective.

Je suis épouvanté par le monstre.

I am terrified by the monster.

Use 'par' to show the cause of the fear.

Elle est épouvantée !

She is terrified!

Feminine agreement: add 'e' to épouvanté.

Ils sont épouvantés.

They are terrified.

Plural agreement: add 's' to épouvanté.

Tu es épouvanté ?

Are you terrified?

Question form using intonation.

Le chien n'est pas épouvanté.

The dog is not terrified.

Negative form using 'ne...pas'.

Maman est épouvantée par le bruit.

Mom is terrified by the noise.

Feminine singular agreement.

Nous sommes épouvantés ici.

We are terrified here.

First person plural agreement.

L'enfant est épouvanté par le gros chien.

The child is terrified by the big dog.

Standard 'par' construction.

Marie semble épouvantée ce soir.

Marie seems terrified tonight.

Using the verb 'sembler' (to seem).

Nous avons vu un homme épouvanté dans la rue.

We saw a terrified man in the street.

Adjective following the noun.

Les oiseaux sont épouvantés par le chat.

The birds are terrified by the cat.

Masculine plural agreement.

Pourquoi es-tu si épouvantée ?

Why are you so terrified?

Interrogative with 'pourquoi'.

Elle reste épouvantée devant le film.

She remains terrified in front of the movie.

Using 'rester' to show a continuous state.

Mon frère est épouvanté de nager ici.

My brother is terrified to swim here.

Using 'de' before an infinitive.

Les touristes sont épouvantés par l'orage.

The tourists are terrified by the storm.

Plural subject-adjective agreement.

Le témoin, encore épouvanté, a raconté l'accident.

The witness, still terrified, told about the accident.

Appositive adjective set off by commas.

Je suis épouvanté par la pauvreté dans ce quartier.

I am appalled by the poverty in this neighborhood.

Using 'épouvanté' to mean 'appalled/shocked'.

Ils étaient épouvantés à l'idée de perdre leur emploi.

They were terrified at the idea of losing their job.

Using 'à l'idée de' (at the idea of).

La jeune femme s'est réveillée épouvantée par un cauchemar.

The young woman woke up terrified by a nightmare.

Adjective describing the state after a verb.

Nous avons été épouvantés d'apprendre la mauvaise nouvelle.

We were appalled to learn the bad news.

Passive voice with 'être' + past participle.

Le visage épouvanté du vieil homme me hante encore.

The old man's terrified face still haunts me.

Adjective modifying 'visage'.

Elle paraissait épouvantée par les cris de la foule.

She appeared terrified by the screams of the crowd.

Using 'paraître' (to appear).

Les enfants, épouvantés, se cachaient sous la table.

The children, terrified, were hiding under the table.

Plural adjective agreement.

Le public est épouvanté par la violence gratuite de cette scène.

The audience is appalled by the gratuitous violence of this scene.

Using 'épouvanté' for moral disapproval.

Épouvanté par les conséquences, il a fini par avouer.

Terrified by the consequences, he finally confessed.

Sentence starting with the adjective for emphasis.

Elle est restée épouvantée devant l'ampleur du désastre.

She remained appalled at the scale of the disaster.

Using 'devant' to mean 'in the face of'.

Les investisseurs sont épouvantés par la chute de la bourse.

Investors are terrified by the stock market crash.

Financial context.

Il avait l'air épouvanté, comme s'il fuyait un danger invisible.

He looked terrified, as if he were fleeing an invisible danger.

Using 'avoir l'air' (to look/seem).

Nous sommes épouvantés de voir à quel point la situation a empiré.

We are appalled to see how much the situation has worsened.

Using 'de voir' + indirect question.

Toute la ville fut épouvantée par le crime crapuleux.

The whole city was horrified by the foul crime.

Passé simple for literary effect.

Elles sont arrivées épouvantées à la gendarmerie.

They arrived terrified at the police station.

Feminine plural agreement.

Le lecteur est épouvanté par la noirceur de l'âme du protagoniste.

The reader is appalled by the darkness of the protagonist's soul.

Literary analysis context.

Elle contemplait, épouvantée, les ruines de sa propre existence.

She contemplated, terrified, the ruins of her own existence.

Metaphorical usage.

Un cri épouvanté déchira le silence oppressant de la nuit.

A terrified scream tore through the oppressive silence of the night.

Adjective modifying 'cri'.

Il se sentait épouvanté par le vide existentiel qui l'entourait.

He felt terrified by the existential void surrounding him.

Psychological/Philosophical context.

Les populations civiles, épouvantées, fuient les zones de combat.

The civilian populations, terrified, are fleeing combat zones.

Formal journalistic style.

Il demeure épouvanté par la facilité avec laquelle le mal se propage.

He remains appalled by the ease with which evil spreads.

Abstract moral context.

Le regard épouvanté de la victime ne quittait pas son esprit.

The victim's terrified gaze did not leave his mind.

Adjective modifying 'regard'.

Nous fûmes épouvantés de constater l'ampleur de la trahison.

We were appalled to notice the scale of the betrayal.

Passé simple for formal narrative.

L'esthétique du sublime naît souvent d'un sujet épouvanté par l'infini.

The aesthetic of the sublime often arises from a subject terrified by the infinite.

Philosophical/Art history context.

Il errait dans les couloirs, tel un spectre épouvanté par sa propre image.

He wandered the corridors like a specter terrified by its own image.

Highly literary comparison.

La conscience collective, épouvantée, se replie sur ses certitudes passées.

The collective consciousness, terrified, retreats into its past certainties.

Sociological analysis.

On ne peut qu'être épouvanté par l'abîme qui sépare ces deux mondes.

One can only be appalled by the abyss that separates these two worlds.

Rhetorical 'on' construction.

Sa plume, épouvantée par la réalité, refuse de décrire l'innommable.

His pen, terrified by reality, refuses to describe the unnamable.

Personification of 'plume' (pen/writing style).

Les structures sociales furent épouvantées par ce vent de révolte.

Social structures were terrified by this wind of revolt.

Metaphorical use for institutions.

Elle s'est figée, épouvantée par l'écho de ses propres paroles.

She froze, terrified by the echo of her own words.

Internal psychological reaction.

Nul ne sort indemne d'un tel spectacle épouvanté.

No one comes out unscathed from such a terrified spectacle.

Using 'épouvanté' to describe the nature of a spectacle.

자주 쓰는 조합

Regard épouvanté

Visage épouvanté

Être épouvanté par

Sembler épouvanté

Rester épouvanté

Épouvanté de voir

Cri épouvanté

Témoin épouvanté

Foule épouvantée

Silence épouvanté

자주 쓰는 구문

Tout à fait épouvanté

— Completely terrified. Used to emphasize the total state of fear.

Il était tout à fait épouvanté par la tempête.

Épouvanté à mort

— Scared to death. A common hyperbolic expression.

J'étais épouvanté à mort par ce film.

D'un air épouvanté

— With a terrified look. Describes the manner of someone's expression.

Elle nous a regardés d'un air épouvanté.

Encore tout épouvanté

— Still completely terrified. Implies the fear hasn't faded yet.

Il est revenu, encore tout épouvanté.

Vraiment épouvanté

— Truly terrified. Used for sincerity.

Je suis vraiment épouvanté par tes propos.

Épouvanté par le sort

— Terrified by the fate of someone. Often used in tragic contexts.

Épouvanté par le sort de son ami, il a agi.

Paraître épouvanté

— To appear terrified. Focuses on the outward appearance.

L'enfant paraissait épouvanté par le clown.

Se dire épouvanté

— To claim to be appalled. Often used in political reporting.

Le ministre se dit épouvanté par ces chiffres.

Rester coi et épouvanté

— To remain silent and terrified. A literary combination.

Il resta coi et épouvanté devant l'apparition.

Un public épouvanté

— A terrified audience. Describes a collective reaction.

Le public épouvanté a quitté le théâtre.

자주 혼동되는 단어

épouvanté vs Épouvantable

Épouvantable is the thing that causes fear (terrible); épouvanté is the person who feels it (terrified).

épouvanté vs Effrayé

Effrayé is simply 'scared'; épouvanté is much stronger, like 'terrified'.

épouvanté vs Étonné

Étonné means 'surprised'. While you can be surprised by fear, they are different emotions.

관용어 및 표현

"Avoir une peur bleue"

— To be terrified (blue fear). While not using the word 'épouvanté', it is the idiomatic equivalent.

J'ai une peur bleue des araignées.

Informal

"Être mort de peur"

— To be dead from fear. Very common way to express being épouvanté.

Quand j'ai entendu le bruit, j'étais mort de peur.

Informal

"Avoir les cheveux qui se dressent sur la tête"

— To have one's hair stand on end. Describes the physical reaction of being épouvanté.

Cette histoire me fait dresser les cheveux sur la tête.

Neutral

"Être cloué sur place"

— To be nailed to the spot. Describes the paralysis of being épouvanté.

Épouvanté, il est resté cloué sur place.

Neutral

"Avoir le sang qui ne fait qu'un tour"

— To have one's blood run cold/curdle. Describes the shock of being épouvanté.

En voyant l'accident, mon sang n'a fait qu'un tour.

Neutral

"Avoir la chair de poule"

— To have goosebumps. A physical sign of being épouvanté or cold.

Ce film d'épouvante me donne la chair de poule.

Neutral

"Trembler comme une feuille"

— To shake like a leaf. Describes the physical shaking of someone who is épouvanté.

Elle tremblait comme une feuille après l'agression.

Neutral

"Perdre ses moyens"

— To lose one's composure/ability to act. Often happens when one is épouvanté.

Sous le choc, il a complètement perdu ses moyens.

Neutral

"Avoir le souffle coupé"

— To have one's breath taken away. Can be from beauty or from being épouvanté.

J'ai eu le souffle coupé par l'horreur de la scène.

Neutral

"Être frappé de stupeur"

— To be struck with amazement/shock. Often synonymous with being épouvanté by news.

Le pays fut frappé de stupeur par l'attentat.

Formal

혼동하기 쉬운

épouvanté vs Épouvantable

Similar root and sound.

Épouvantable describes an object or situation. Épouvanté describes a living being's state.

C'est un crime épouvantable qui a laissé tout le monde épouvanté.

épouvanté vs Horrifié

Both describe intense fear/shock.

Horrifié usually includes a sense of disgust or moral rejection. Épouvanté is more about pure terror.

Je suis horrifié par sa méchanceté, mais épouvanté par sa force.

épouvanté vs Terrorisé

Synonyms for extreme fear.

Terrorisé often implies a specific threat or 'terror'. Épouvanté is more general and can be existential.

Le village était terrorisé par le loup.

épouvanté vs Effrayé

Both mean 'scared'.

Effrayé is a B1/A2 level word for general fear. Épouvanté is B2/C1 for extreme fear.

Il est effrayé par l'examen, mais épouvanté par la guerre.

épouvanté vs Pétrifié

Both mean 'very scared'.

Pétrifié emphasizes the physical inability to move. Épouvanté emphasizes the emotional shock.

Elle était épouvantée et resta pétrifiée sur le seuil.

문장 패턴

Je suis [adjective].

Je suis épouvanté.

Il est [adjective] par [noun].

Il est épouvanté par le chien.

[Subject], [adjective], [verb]...

L'enfant, épouvanté, s'enfuit.

Être épouvanté de [infinitive].

Elle est épouvantée de voir ça.

Paraître tout à fait [adjective].

Ils paraissent tout à fait épouvantés.

Nul n'est plus [adjective] que...

Nul n'est plus épouvanté que moi.

Un [noun] [adjective] par [abstract noun].

Un esprit épouvanté par l'inconnu.

[Adjective] par [noun], [subject] [verb]...

Épouvantée par l'abîme, elle recula.

어휘 가족

명사

동사

형용사

사용법

frequency

Common in written French and news; moderate in daily speech.

자주 하는 실수

Using 'épouvanté' for minor fears. → J'ai eu peur de l'araignée.
Épouvanté is too strong for a small spider. Use 'avoir peur' or 'effrayé'.
Forgetting feminine agreement in writing. → Elle est épouvantée.
Adjectives must agree with the feminine subject 'Elle'.
Confusing 'épouvanté' with 'épouvantable'. → Le film était épouvantable.
You cannot say a movie is 'épouvanté' because a movie doesn't feel fear.
Mispronouncing the nasal 'an'. → /e.pu.vɑ̃.te/
Don't say 'van' like the English vehicle; it's a nasal vowel.
Using 'épouvanté' as a verb. → Cela m'a épouvanté.
The verb is 'épouvanter'. 'Épouvanté' is the past participle or adjective.

팁

Agreement is Key

Always check the subject. If you are describing a group of women, it must be 'épouvantées'. This is a common point loss in French exams.

The 'Able' vs 'É' Rule

Remember that suffixes matter. '-able' means 'capable of causing', while '-é' means 'having received the feeling'. This applies to many French adjectives (e.g., regrettable/regretté).

Use for Drama

In creative writing, use 'épouvanté' to signal a turning point in the story. It tells the reader that the situation has become serious and truly frightening.

Nasal Precision

The 'van' in épouvanté is a nasal vowel. Practice saying 'en' or 'an' without letting your tongue touch the roof of your mouth for the 'n'.

Moral Outrage

Use 'épouvanté' in discussions about social issues to show deep concern. It sounds more sophisticated than just saying 'c'est mal' (it's bad).

News Keywords

When listening to French news, 'épouvanté' is a keyword that indicates a tragic or shocking event is being discussed. It helps you set the emotional context quickly.

Pair with Verbs

Pair 'épouvanté' with 'rester' to describe someone frozen in fear. 'Il est resté épouvanté' sounds very natural.

Avoid Repetition

If you find yourself using 'épouvanté' too much, switch to 'terrorisé' for a similar level of intensity.

Latin Roots

Knowing it comes from 'expaventare' helps you link it to 'pave' (as in 'pavid' - fearful in English), though that's a rare English word.

Word Family

Learn 'épouvantail' (scarecrow) alongside 'épouvanté'. It's a fun way to remember the root meaning of terrifying something.

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기억법

Think of 'Épouvanté' as 'E-POO-VAN-TÉ'. Imagine a ghost saying 'BOO' (POO) and you are so scared you jump into a VAN to escape, and now you are TÉ-rrified.

시각적 연상

Imagine a person's face turning white like a ghost, eyes wide like saucers, and hands trembling. That person is épouvanté.

Word Web

Épouvante Terreur Horreur Peur Effroi Épouvantable Épouvanter Épouvantail

챌린지

Try to use 'épouvanté' in a sentence describing a scene from a movie you recently watched. Make sure to match the gender!

어원

Derived from the Old French verb 'espovanter', which comes from the Vulgar Latin 'expaventare'. This is an intensive form of the Latin 'expavescere' (to become very frightened).

원래 의미: To drive out of one's senses with fear.

Romance (Latin root).

문화적 맥락

Be careful when using this word about people's real-life tragedies; it is very strong and should be used with empathy.

English speakers often use 'terrified' or 'appalled'. 'Épouvanté' covers both, depending on whether the cause is a ghost or a bad policy.

The term 'film d'épouvante' for horror movies. Victor Hugo's descriptions of the 'épouvante' of the poor in 'Les Misérables'. Classic French translations of Edgar Allan Poe's stories.

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실제 사용 상황

Horror Movies

Un film d'épouvante
Une scène épouvantée
Le cri épouvanté
Être épouvanté par le tueur

Natural Disasters

Les victimes épouvantées
Épouvanté par le séisme
Un regard épouvanté
Le monde épouvanté

Moral Shock

Épouvanté par la corruption
Se dire épouvanté
Un public épouvanté
Épouvanté de voir cela

Literature

L'âme épouvantée
Un silence épouvanté
Épouvanté par le destin
L'ombre épouvantée

Daily Hyperbole

Épouvanté par le prix
J'étais épouvanté !
Vraiment épouvanté
Tout à fait épouvanté

대화 시작하기

"As-tu déjà été épouvanté par un film d'horreur ?"

"Qu'est-ce qui t'a le plus épouvanté dans les actualités récemment ?"

"Es-tu épouvanté par l'idée de parler en public ?"

"Connais-tu quelqu'un qui est épouvanté par les araignées ?"

"Étais-tu épouvanté lors de ton premier voyage en avion ?"

일기 주제

Décrivez un moment de votre vie où vous avez été véritablement épouvanté.

Pourquoi certaines personnes aiment-elles être épouvantées par des films ?

Pensez-vous que le monde est épouvanté par l'avenir du climat ?

Écrivez une courte histoire commençant par : 'Il ouvrit la porte et resta épouvanté...'

Quelle est la différence pour vous entre être effrayé et être épouvanté ?

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Yes, significantly. While 'effrayé' means scared, 'épouvanté' means terrified or appalled. It suggests a much deeper level of shock or horror that is often life-altering or deeply disturbing.

No, you should use 'épouvantable' to describe the movie itself. You would say 'Le film est épouvantable' (The movie is terrible/horrific). You use 'épouvanté' to describe your reaction: 'J'étais épouvanté par le film'.

Mostly, but it can also mean 'appalled' or 'deeply shocked' in a moral sense. For example, 'Je suis épouvanté par ton comportement' means you are shocked and disgusted by the behavior, not necessarily afraid of it.

You simply add an 'e' at the end: 'épouvantée'. The pronunciation remains the same in most standard French accents, but the spelling change is crucial for written agreement.

It is more formal than 'avoir peur' or 'avoir la trouille'. It is common in literature, news, and formal speeches, but perfectly acceptable in everyday conversation for dramatic effect.

The noun form is 'l'épouvante' (feminine), which means 'terror' or 'horror'. For example, 'Il a crié d'épouvante'.

It is the French term for a horror or terror movie. It literally means 'a movie of horror/terror'.

It is more common to say 'Je suis épouvanté par toi' if you are terrified by the person. Using 'de' is more common before an infinitive verb like 'Je suis épouvanté de voir ça'.

Yes, the 't' is pronounced because it is followed by the vowel 'é'. The word sounds like 'ay-poo-vahn-tay'.

Yes, you can describe an animal as 'épouvanté'. For example, 'Le cheval épouvanté s'est cabré' (The terrified horse reared up).

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