Superlative 'Paling'
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'paling' before an adjective to express the superlative degree, meaning 'the most' or 'the -est'.
- Place 'paling' directly before the adjective: Dia paling pintar (He is the smartest).
- No need for extra suffixes like '-est': Just 'paling' + adjective.
- Can be used with verbs for emphasis: Dia paling suka makan (He likes eating the most).
Meanings
The word 'paling' is used to indicate the highest degree of a quality or state, equivalent to 'the most' or the '-est' suffix in English.
Superlative Adjective
Expressing the highest degree of an attribute.
“Dia yang paling cantik.”
“Ini adalah hari paling panas.”
Superlative Verb/Preference
Expressing the greatest preference or frequency of an action.
“Saya paling suka kopi.”
“Dia paling sering datang terlambat.”
Superlative Formation
| Subject | Paling | Adjective/Verb | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dia | paling | pintar | He is the smartest |
| Ini | paling | mahal | This is the most expensive |
| Saya | paling | suka | I like it the most |
| Mereka | paling | cepat | They are the fastest |
| Tempat ini | paling | indah | This place is the most beautiful |
| Dia | paling | sering | He is the most frequent |
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Affirmative | Subj + Paling + Adj | Dia paling tinggi |
| Negative | Subj + Tidak + Paling + Adj | Dia tidak paling tinggi |
| Question | Siapa/Apa + Yang + Paling + Adj | Siapa yang paling tinggi? |
| Preference | Subj + Paling + Verb | Saya paling suka |
| At least | Paling + tidak | Paling tidak, dia datang |
| At most | Paling-paling | Paling-paling dia terlambat |
격식 수준 스펙트럼
Beliau adalah yang paling cerdas. (Describing someone's intelligence.)
Dia adalah yang paling pintar. (Describing someone's intelligence.)
Dia paling pinter. (Describing someone's intelligence.)
Dia paling jago. (Describing someone's intelligence.)
The Paling Universe
Adjectives
- pintar smart
- mahal expensive
Verbs
- suka like
- tahu know
Comparison vs Superlative
When to use Paling
Is it the highest degree?
Examples by Level
Dia paling tinggi.
He is the tallest.
Ini paling enak.
This is the most delicious.
Dia paling pintar.
He is the smartest.
Buku ini paling bagus.
This book is the best.
Siapa yang paling cepat lari?
Who is the fastest runner?
Rumah ini paling besar di sini.
This house is the biggest here.
Saya paling suka warna biru.
I like blue the most.
Dia tidak paling kaya.
He is not the richest.
Ini adalah salah satu masalah paling sulit.
This is one of the most difficult problems.
Dia paling sering datang terlambat.
He is the one who most often comes late.
Film itu paling membosankan yang pernah saya tonton.
That movie is the most boring I have ever watched.
Kota ini paling ramai saat liburan.
This city is the busiest during holidays.
Keputusan ini adalah yang paling krusial bagi perusahaan.
This decision is the most crucial for the company.
Dia dianggap sebagai kandidat paling kompeten.
He is considered the most competent candidate.
Paling tidak, kita harus mencoba.
At the very least, we must try.
Itu adalah momen paling berkesan dalam hidup saya.
That was the most memorable moment in my life.
Dia adalah orang yang paling berwenang di sini.
He is the person with the most authority here.
Ini adalah solusi paling efisien yang bisa kita temukan.
This is the most efficient solution we can find.
Paling-paling dia hanya akan marah sebentar.
At most, he will only be angry for a while.
Dia paling vokal dalam menyuarakan pendapatnya.
He is the most vocal in voicing his opinion.
Dia adalah figur yang paling disegani di kalangan akademisi.
He is the most respected figure among academics.
Paling tidak, argumen ini memiliki dasar logis.
At the very least, this argument has a logical basis.
Itu adalah skenario yang paling mungkin terjadi.
That is the most likely scenario to happen.
Dia paling tahu apa yang harus dilakukan.
He knows best what needs to be done.
Easily Confused
Learners mix up comparative and superlative.
Both mean 'most'.
Both are intensifiers.
자주 하는 실수
Paling-nya
Paling
Tinggi paling
Paling tinggi
Paling lebih
Paling
Paling-est
Paling
Siapa paling pintar?
Siapa yang paling pintar?
Dia paling suka-nya
Dia paling suka
Paling baik-an
Paling baik
Salah satu paling bagus
Salah satu yang paling bagus
Paling sering-nya
Paling sering
Paling-paling tinggi
Paling tinggi
Paling ter-pintar
Paling pintar
Paling-nya
Paling
Paling-paling pintar
Paling pintar
Sentence Patterns
Dia adalah orang ___ di kelas.
Saya ___ suka makan nasi goreng.
Ini adalah ___ yang pernah saya lihat.
___ yang paling kamu sukai?
Real World Usage
Foto ini paling bagus!
Aku paling kangen kamu.
Saya paling ahli di bidang ini.
Apa tempat paling murah?
Menu paling laris.
Siapa yang paling pintar?
Keep it simple
Don't mix
Use 'yang'
Be humble
Smart Tips
Don't use 'paling', use 'lebih'.
Always add 'yang'.
Use 'paling suka'.
Use 'salah satu yang paling'.
발음
Paling
Pronounced 'pah-ling'. Stress the first syllable.
Statement
Dia paling pintar ↘
Falling intonation for facts.
Question
Siapa yang paling pintar? ↗
Rising intonation for questions.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Paling is the Peak: Think of a mountain peak, 'Paling' puts you at the top.
Visual Association
Imagine a giant mountain with the word 'PALING' written in huge letters at the very top. Anyone standing next to it is the 'most' of something.
Rhyme
For the best of the thing, just add the word Paling.
Story
Budi is the smartest student. He is 'paling pintar'. He eats the 'paling enak' food. He loves his mom the 'paling' much.
Word Web
챌린지
Write 5 sentences about your family using 'paling' (e.g., 'My mom is the most kind').
문화 노트
Indonesians value modesty. Using 'paling' to describe oneself can sound arrogant, so it's often used to praise others.
The word 'paling' comes from the root 'palings' meaning 'most' or 'extreme' in older Malay dialects.
Conversation Starters
Siapa orang paling terkenal di negaramu?
Apa makanan paling enak yang pernah kamu makan?
Apa tempat paling indah di Indonesia?
Apa tantangan paling sulit saat belajar bahasa?
Journal Prompts
Test Yourself
Dia adalah orang ___ (smart) di kelas.
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
Dia paling pintarnya.
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
She is the most beautiful.
Answer starts with: Dia...
A: Siapa ___ pintar? B: Budi.
Use 'paling' and 'mahal'.
Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:
Score: /8
연습 문제
8 exercisesDia adalah orang ___ (smart) di kelas.
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
Dia paling pintarnya.
paling / ini / enak / makanan
She is the most beautiful.
A: Siapa ___ pintar? B: Budi.
Use 'paling' and 'mahal'.
Paling cepat
Score: /8
자주 묻는 질문 (8)
Yes, it works with almost all adjectives.
It's neutral and used everywhere.
Use 'lebih'.
No, never.
It's used for emphasis in questions.
Yes, for preferences.
No, 'sangat' means 'very'.
Use 'salah satu yang paling'.
In Other Languages
el más
Spanish requires gender agreement; Indonesian does not.
le plus
French requires agreement with the noun.
am -sten
German changes the word itself; Indonesian uses a separate word.
ichiban
Japanese uses a noun-based marker, Indonesian uses an adverbial marker.
zuì
Chinese 'zuì' is strictly for adjectives, 'paling' can be for verbs.
af'al
Arabic is highly morphological; Indonesian is analytic.
