Fuyo refers to the legal and financial responsibility of supporting family members who cannot earn their own living.
30초 단어
- Financial support provided to family members who cannot sustain themselves.
- Commonly used in tax, insurance, and legal contexts in Japan.
- Refers to the status of being a dependent of a worker.
概要
扶養は、主に経済的な責任を負う関係を指す言葉です。特に、高齢の親や未成年の子供、配偶者など、自力で生計を立てることが困難な家族を金銭的に支える行為を指します。日本社会では、家族の絆や責任という文脈で頻繁に使われます。
使用パターン
「扶養に入る」「扶養家族」「扶養義務」という表現が一般的です。「扶養に入る」は、特定の収入制限内に収まることで、配偶者や親の健康保険や税制上の控除対象になることを意味します。また、「扶養義務」は、法律上、家族を助けなければならないという義務を指します。
一般的な文脈
主に会社での手続きや税金の確定申告の際によく使われます。例えば、配偶者がパートタイムで働く際、「扶養の範囲内で働く」という言い方をしますが、これは税金や社会保険料の支払額が抑えられる年収の壁を意識した表現です。
類語との比較
「養育」は子供を育てることに重点が置かれますが、「扶養」は大人を含む家族全体を経済的に支えるという広い意味を持ちます。「援助」は一時的な金銭支援も含まれますが、「扶養」はより継続的かつ義務的なニュアンスが強い言葉です。
예시
妻を扶養に入れている。
everydayI have my wife as a dependent.
扶養家族の人数を申告してください。
formalPlease declare the number of your dependents.
親の扶養について相談したい。
informalI want to discuss supporting my parents.
高齢化社会における扶養のあり方が問われている。
academicThe way of providing support in an aging society is being questioned.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
扶養の範囲内
Within the tax-free dependent threshold
扶養義務を負う
To bear the duty of support
被扶養者になる
To become a dependent
자주 혼동되는 단어
Yōiku specifically focuses on raising children (nurturing/upbringing). Fuyo is broader and covers financial support for any family member, including adults.
Enjo is a general term for help or assistance. Fuyo implies a specific, often legal or systemic, ongoing financial responsibility.
문법 패턴
How to Use It
사용 참고사항
Fuyo is a formal noun often used in administrative and legal contexts. It is rarely used in casual conversation unless discussing taxes or insurance status. Always use it with verbs like 'hairu' (to enter/become) or 'motsu' (to have).
자주 하는 실수
People often confuse 'fuyo' with 'yōiku'. Remember that 'fuyo' is about money and legal support for any family member, while 'yōiku' is about the upbringing of children. Also, avoid using 'fuyo' for general help; it is specifically for family support.
Tips
Use with 'ni hairu' for status
When talking about becoming a dependent for tax purposes, use the phrase 'fuyo ni hairu'. It is the most common way to describe this status in daily life.
Income limits are strict
Be aware that 'fuyo' is often tied to specific income thresholds. Exceeding these limits can lead to tax or insurance complications.
Strong family responsibility
In Japan, the concept of fuyo reflects the cultural expectation of family members taking care of each other's financial stability.
어원
The word consists of 'Fu' (supporting/carrying) and 'Yo' (nurturing/raising). It originates from classical concepts of family duties and has been adopted into modern legal and tax terminology.
문화적 맥락
In Japan, the 'fuyo' system is deeply linked to the tax and social security system. It reflects the traditional Japanese structure where one primary earner supports the entire household.
암기 팁
Think of 'Fu' (support) + 'Yo' (nurture). Together, they form a 'financial safety net' for your family.
자주 묻는 질문
4 질문家族が加入している健康保険や年金制度の被扶養者となり、自分自身で保険料を支払わずに保障を受ける状態を指します。主に年収が一定額以下の場合に認められます。
一般的に、配偶者、子供、親、兄弟姉妹などが含まれますが、同居の有無や収入要件によって範囲が異なります。
納税者に扶養親族がいる場合に、所得税を計算する際に一定額を課税対象から差し引くことができる制度です。
民法により、直系血族や兄弟姉妹、配偶者の間には互いに扶養する義務があると定められています。
셀프 테스트
妻はパートの収入を抑えて、夫の___の範囲内で働いている。
税制や保険の文脈では「扶養の範囲内」という表現が定型句です。
「扶養家族」とはどういう人ですか？
扶養家族は、主に稼ぎ手によって経済的にサポートされている家族を指します。
（私は / 扶養 / 家族 / を / 持っている）
「扶養家族を持っている」は、自分が誰かを養っている状態を指します。
점수: /3
Summary
Fuyo refers to the legal and financial responsibility of supporting family members who cannot earn their own living.
- Financial support provided to family members who cannot sustain themselves.
- Commonly used in tax, insurance, and legal contexts in Japan.
- Refers to the status of being a dependent of a worker.
Use with 'ni hairu' for status
When talking about becoming a dependent for tax purposes, use the phrase 'fuyo ni hairu'. It is the most common way to describe this status in daily life.
Income limits are strict
Be aware that 'fuyo' is often tied to specific income thresholds. Exceeding these limits can lead to tax or insurance complications.
Strong family responsibility
In Japan, the concept of fuyo reflects the cultural expectation of family members taking care of each other's financial stability.
예시
4 / 4妻を扶養に入れている。
I have my wife as a dependent.
扶養家族の人数を申告してください。
Please declare the number of your dependents.
親の扶養について相談したい。
I want to discuss supporting my parents.
高齢化社会における扶養のあり方が問われている。
The way of providing support in an aging society is being questioned.
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