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A2 adjective #4,500 가장 일반적인 6분 분량

úmido

상위 4,500

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 úmido 30초 만에

설명 úmido in your Level:

At the A1 level, focus on 'úmido' as a basic descriptor for weather and simple objects. It is one of the first adjectives you learn to describe the environment. You will likely use it in simple 'Subject + Verb + Adjective' structures like 'O dia está úmido' (The day is humid). It's important to start noticing that the word changes from 'úmido' to 'úmida' depending on the thing you are talking about. If you are talking about 'o tempo' (the weather), it is masculine. If you are talking about 'a toalha' (the towel), it is feminine. This is a foundational concept in Portuguese grammar. Think of 'úmido' as the middle ground between 'seco' (dry) and 'molhado' (wet). You might use it when you're helping with chores or talking about how you feel after a little bit of rain. Don't worry too much about complex grammar yet; just focus on identifying when something is slightly wet and using the correct gender ending.

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At the A2 level, you should be able to use 'úmido' in more varied contexts and ensure correct agreement in both gender and number. You will start using it with plural nouns like 'as roupas úmidas' (the damp clothes) or 'os panos úmidos' (the damp cloths). You should also begin to distinguish between the verbs 'ser' and 'estar' when using this adjective. For instance, 'Este porão é úmido' suggests the basement is naturally damp (a permanent characteristic), whereas 'O chão está úmido' suggests it's damp right now but will dry (a temporary state). You will also encounter 'úmido' in basic instructions, such as 'Limpe com um pano úmido'. This level is about moving beyond simple weather descriptions into functional, everyday usage in the home and in descriptions of nature.

By B1, you can use 'úmido' to describe more abstract or specific situations. You might describe a 'bolo úmido' (moist cake) in a culinary context, or a 'tosse úmida' (productive cough) when talking to a doctor. You will understand the nuances of weather better, using 'úmido' in conjunction with other adjectives like 'quente' (hot) or 'frio' (cold) to describe specific climates. Your vocabulary is expanding to include related words like 'umidade' (humidity) and 'umedecer' (to moisten). You can now participate in conversations about the environment or climate change, where 'clima úmido' is a frequent term. You should also be comfortable using the word in different tenses, such as 'Ontem o tempo estava muito úmido' (Yesterday the weather was very humid).

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At the B2 level, you are expected to use 'úmido' with precision and stylistic variety. You can distinguish it clearly from 'abafado' (muggy) or 'encharcado' (soaked) based on the context. You might use 'úmido' in more formal writing, such as a report on regional geography or a technical manual. You understand its use in literature to create atmosphere—for example, 'o ar úmido da noite' (the damp night air) to set a specific mood. You are also more aware of regional differences, such as the European Portuguese 'húmido'. At this stage, you should be able to use the word figuratively, such as 'olhos úmidos' to describe someone on the verge of tears, conveying emotion rather than just physical wetness.

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At the C1 level, you have a sophisticated grasp of 'úmido'. You use it in complex sentence structures and in combination with advanced vocabulary. You might analyze how 'úmido' is used in different registers, from scientific texts discussing 'umidade relativa do ar' (relative air humidity) to poetic works where it might symbolize fertility or sorrow. You are comfortable with all derivatives of the word family and can use them flawlessly. You can engage in nuanced debates about how humidity affects historical preservation or industrial processes. Your use of 'úmido' is natural, and you can switch between formal and informal contexts without hesitation, choosing the most appropriate synonym for the specific shade of meaning you wish to convey.

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At the C2 level, 'úmido' is part of your intuitive vocabulary. You can use it with the same ease as a native speaker, including its use in rare idioms or highly specialized technical fields. You might use it in literary analysis to discuss the sensory imagery in a novel or poem. You have a deep understanding of the word's etymological roots and how it relates to other Romance languages. You can produce complex, high-level texts—such as academic papers or professional articles—where 'úmido' and its related terms are used with absolute precision. You can also play with the word in creative writing, using it to evoke subtle sensations of touch and atmosphere that go far beyond its literal meaning.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

úmido 30초 만에

Úmido means humid, damp, or moist in Portuguese.
It is an adjective that changes to úmida for feminine nouns.
It describes weather, cleaning tasks, cooking, and emotions.
It is different from 'molhado', which means fully wet or soaked.

The Portuguese word úmido is an essential adjective for English speakers to master, primarily because it maps closely to several English concepts: humid, moist, and damp. At its core, it describes any state where water or moisture is present but not necessarily in a fully liquid or flowing form. Whether you are discussing the tropical weather of Brazil, the state of your laundry, or the texture of a cake, úmido is your primary tool for description.

Weather and Climate: In meteorological terms, it refers to high relative humidity. You will hear meteorologists say 'clima úmido' to describe the heavy, water-laden air typical of the Amazon rainforest or coastal cities like Rio de Janeiro during the summer.

O ar na floresta tropical é extremamente úmido e quente.

Physical Objects: When a surface or material has absorbed water but isn't dripping wet (which would be 'molhado'), it is 'úmido'. Think of a towel that hasn't finished drying or a basement wall that feels cold and clammy.

Não guarde a roupa se ela ainda estiver úmida.

Biological and Culinary Usage: In cooking, 'úmido' is a positive attribute for cakes or bread, indicating they aren't dry. Biologically, it describes mucous membranes or eyes that are tearing up.

Este bolo de chocolate é delicioso porque é muito úmido.

Ela ficou com os olhos úmidos de emoção ao ouvir a notícia.

As paredes da caverna estavam úmidas e cobertas de musgo.

Using úmido correctly involves understanding its placement and agreement. In Portuguese, adjectives usually follow the noun, and úmido is no exception. However, when used with the verb estar, it describes a temporary state, while with ser, it describes a permanent characteristic.

Temporary States (Estar): Use 'estar' when something is damp but will eventually dry out. This is the most common way you will use the word in daily life.

O chão do banheiro ainda está úmido depois do banho.

Permanent Characteristics (Ser): Use 'ser' for climates or environments that are naturally and consistently humid. This defines the nature of the place.

Manaus é uma cidade muito úmida durante todo o ano.

Modifying the Noun Directly: When placed directly after a noun, it functions as a simple descriptor. Note how the ending changes to match the noun's gender.

Passe um pano úmido na mesa para tirar o pó.

As toalhas úmidas ficaram penduradas no varal o dia todo.

O solo úmido é perfeito para plantar estas sementes.

You will encounter úmido in a wide variety of contexts in Lusophone countries. Its frequency is high because of the tropical and subtropical climates that dominate much of the Portuguese-speaking world.

The Weather Forecast (A Previsão do Tempo): Meteorologists use it daily. You'll hear phrases like 'massa de ar úmido' (humid air mass) or 'o tempo continuará úmido' (the weather will remain humid).

Amanhã o dia será úmido com possibilidade de pancadas de chuva à tarde.

Household and Cleaning: In domestic settings, it's used for instructions. A cleaning product might tell you to 'limpar com uma esponja úmida' (clean with a damp sponge) or a mother might warn 'o chão está úmido, cuidado para não escorregar' (the floor is damp, be careful not to slip).

Use apenas um pano levemente úmido para limpar a tela da televisão.

Gardening and Nature: Gardeners discuss 'terra úmida' (moist soil) as a requirement for certain plants. Hikers might describe a 'trilha úmida' (damp trail) after a morning mist.

Mantenha o solo sempre úmido, mas nunca encharcado.

O médico perguntou se a criança estava com uma tosse úmida.

Even though úmido seems straightforward, English speakers often stumble in a few specific areas.

Confusing 'Úmido' with 'Molhado': This is the most common error. 'Molhado' means wet (saturated with liquid), while 'úmido' means damp or moist. If you spill a glass of water on your shirt, it is 'molhado'. If you sweat a little, it might just be 'úmido'. Using 'molhado' when you mean 'úmido' can lead to exaggeration.

Errado: A toalha está molhada (se ela estiver apenas um pouco úmida).

Gender and Number Agreement: English speakers often forget that adjectives must change to match the noun. A common mistake is saying 'o ar úmida' (incorrect) instead of 'o ar úmido' (correct), or 'as roupas úmido' (incorrect) instead of 'as roupas úmidas' (correct).

Correto: A grama está úmida por causa do orvalho.

Noun vs. Adjective: Confusion between 'úmido' (adjective) and 'umidade' (noun). You cannot say 'está muito umidade' (it's very humidity). You must say 'está muito úmido' or 'a umidade está alta'.

To sound more natural, it is helpful to know words that are similar to úmido but used in slightly different contexts.

Molhado (Wet): When something is completely covered or soaked in water. If you jump in a pool, you are 'molhado'. If you walk through mist, you might be 'úmido'.

Encharcado (Soaked/Drenched): Used when something is so wet that it cannot absorb more water. It's the extreme version of 'molhado'.

Fiquei encharcado depois daquela chuva forte.

Abafado (Muggy/Stuffy): Specifically for weather that is both humid and hot, where the air feels heavy and hard to breathe. It focuses on the sensation of heat trapped by moisture.

Suado (Sweaty): Refers specifically to moisture from the body. While a 'camisa úmida' could be from rain, a 'camisa suada' is clearly from physical exertion.

O ar no metrô estava abafado e desagradável.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The English word 'humor' actually comes from the same root. In ancient medicine, 'humors' were the fluids (moisture) of the body that determined health and personality.

발음 가이드

UK /ˈu.mi.du/

US /ˈu.mi.du/

The primary stress is on the first syllable: Ú-mi-do.

라임이 맞는 단어

lúcido múmido translúcido pútrido rancido tímido rígido líquido

자주 하는 실수

Stressing the second syllable (u-MI-do) - Incorrect.
Pronouncing the 'd' like a 'j' (u-mi-dju) - Common in some Brazilian dialects but not standard.
Ignoring the feminine form 'úmida'.
Confusing the 'u' with an 'o' sound.
Making the 'i' too long.

난이도

독해 2/5

Easy to recognize because it looks like 'humid'.

쓰기 3/5

Must remember the accent on the 'u' and gender agreement.

말하기 3/5

Stress the first syllable correctly.

듣기 2/5

Clear pronunciation in most dialects.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

água tempo seco quente frio

다음에 배울 것

umidade molhado encharcado abafado umedecer

고급

higroscópico orvalho condensação evaporação saturação

알아야 할 문법

Adjective Agreement

A toalha (fem) -> úmida; O pano (masc) -> úmido.

Ser vs Estar

O porão É úmido (always); O chão ESTÁ úmido (now).

Accentuation

Proparoxytone words like 'úmido' always have an accent.

Plural Formation

Add 's' for plurals: úmidos, úmidas.

Adverb Formation

Add '-mente' to the feminine singular: umidamente.

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수준별 예문

O dia está úmido.

The day is humid.

Masculine singular agreement.

A toalha está úmida.

The towel is damp.

Feminine singular agreement.

O ar é úmido aqui.

The air is humid here.

Using 'ser' for a permanent trait.

Use um pano úmido.

Use a damp cloth.

Adjective modifying the noun 'pano'.

Meus sapatos estão úmidos.

My shoes are damp.

Masculine plural agreement.

A grama está úmida.

The grass is damp.

Feminine singular agreement.

O bolo é úmido.

The cake is moist.

Positive attribute in cooking.

O clima não está úmido.

The climate is not humid.

Negative sentence structure.

As roupas ainda estão úmidas.

The clothes are still damp.

Feminine plural agreement.

O porão é muito úmido e escuro.

The basement is very damp and dark.

Describing a permanent condition.

Passe uma esponja úmida na mancha.

Wipe a damp sponge on the stain.

Imperative verb with adjective.

O solo úmido é bom para as flores.

The moist soil is good for the flowers.

Subject-adjective agreement.

Seus olhos ficaram úmidos.

His eyes became moist.

Describing physical reaction.

Mantenha o algodão úmido.

Keep the cotton damp.

Instructional context.

O clima de Santos é muito úmido.

The climate of Santos is very humid.

Geographical description.

Não sente no banco úmido.

Don't sit on the damp bench.

Warning with adjective.

A massa do pão deve ficar levemente úmida.

The bread dough should be slightly moist.

Culinary instruction.

O médico disse que minha tosse é úmida.

The doctor said my cough is productive.

Medical terminology.

A umidade do ar torna o dia mais úmido.

The air humidity makes the day more humid.

Noun and adjective relationship.

As paredes estão ficando úmidas com a chuva.

The walls are getting damp with the rain.

Progressive action.

É difícil secar o cabelo em um clima úmido.

It is hard to dry hair in a humid climate.

Impersonal construction.

O solo da floresta é sempre úmido e rico.

The forest soil is always moist and rich.

Descriptive nature writing.

Ela sentiu o beijo úmido na bochecha.

She felt the moist kiss on her cheek.

Sensory description.

O papel úmido rasga com facilidade.

Damp paper tears easily.

General truth statement.

O ambiente úmido favorece o crescimento de fungos.

The damp environment favors the growth of fungi.

Scientific cause and effect.

A região amazônica possui um clima equatorial úmido.

The Amazon region has a humid equatorial climate.

Formal geographical term.

O artista usou um pincel úmido para a técnica.

The artist used a damp brush for the technique.

Specific artistic context.

A caverna era fria, úmida e silenciosa.

The cave was cold, damp, and silent.

List of adjectives.

O fumo úmido não queima corretamente.

Damp tobacco does not burn correctly.

Technical observation.

O orvalho deixou o gramado úmido pela manhã.

The dew left the lawn damp in the morning.

Natural phenomenon description.

Sentimos o bafo úmido vindo do pântano.

We felt the humid breath coming from the swamp.

Literary imagery.

As sementes devem ser mantidas em local úmido.

The seeds should be kept in a damp place.

Passive voice instruction.

A preservação de manuscritos exige controle do ar úmido.

The preservation of manuscripts requires control of humid air.

Technical/Formal context.

O solo úmido, saturado pelas chuvas, cedeu subitamente.

The damp soil, saturated by the rains, gave way suddenly.

Complex sentence structure.

Havia uma névoa úmida pairando sobre o vale.

There was a damp mist hovering over the valley.

Atmospheric description.

A madeira úmida pode empenar com o tempo.

Damp wood can warp over time.

Technical material property.

O clima úmido é um desafio para a indústria têxtil.

The humid climate is a challenge for the textile industry.

Economic/Industrial context.

Seus olhos, úmidos de gratidão, diziam tudo.

Her eyes, moist with gratitude, said everything.

Figurative/Literary use.

O musgo cresce apenas em superfícies úmidas.

Moss grows only on damp surfaces.

Biological fact.

A respiração úmida do animal era audível no escuro.

The animal's moist breath was audible in the dark.

Sensory narrative.

A porosidade do material permite que ele permaneça úmido.

The material's porosity allows it to remain damp.

Scientific/Academic register.

O microclima úmido da encosta favorece espécies raras.

The damp microclimate of the slope favors rare species.

Ecological terminology.

O manuscrito apresentava manchas de mofo em papel úmido.

The manuscript showed mold stains on damp paper.

Archival description.

A sensação de ar úmido e pesado precedia a tempestade.

The sensation of damp, heavy air preceded the storm.

Nuanced sensory buildup.

O solo úmido exalava o cheiro característico de terra molhada.

The damp soil exhaled the characteristic smell of wet earth.

Evocative literary style.

O clima úmido-quente é propício à proliferação de vetores.

The humid-hot climate is conducive to the proliferation of vectors.

Medical/Biological formal register.

A interface úmida entre as duas camadas é crucial.

The moist interface between the two layers is crucial.

Technical engineering context.

O olhar úmido da estátua parecia seguir os visitantes.

The statue's moist gaze seemed to follow the visitors.

Artistic/Metaphorical description.

자주 쓰는 조합

clima úmido

pano úmido

ar úmido

solo úmido

olhos úmidos

bolo úmido

parede úmida

tosse úmida

roupa úmida

lugar úmido

자주 쓰는 구문

Levemente úmido

— Slightly damp/moist.

O papel deve estar levemente úmido.

Muito úmido

— Very humid or very damp.

Hoje o tempo está muito úmido.

Ainda úmido

— Still damp.

O chão ainda está úmido.

Naturalmente úmido

— Naturally moist.

O solo desta região é naturalmente úmido.

Extremamente úmido

— Extremely humid.

O clima tropical é extremamente úmido.

Ambiente úmido

— Humid environment.

Evite deixar eletrônicos em ambiente úmido.

Calor úmido

— Humid heat (muggy).

Não gosto do calor úmido do litoral.

Sentir-se úmido

— To feel damp (e.g., clothes).

Sinto meu casaco úmido.

Manter úmido

— To keep moist.

É importante manter o curativo úmido.

Tornar úmido

— To make something damp.

A chuva tornou o caminho úmido.

자주 혼동되는 단어

úmido vs molhado

Molhado is dripping wet; úmido is just damp.

úmido vs umidade

Umidade is the noun (humidity); úmido is the adjective (humid).

úmido vs abafado

Abafado implies heat and lack of air, not just moisture.

관용어 및 표현

"Olhar úmido"

— A look suggesting someone is about to cry or is deeply moved.

Ele despediu-se com um olhar úmido.

Literary

"Pano úmido"

— Often used literally, but can imply a soft or gentle cleaning/approach.

Trate o assunto com pano úmido.

Metaphorical

"Beijo úmido"

— A wet or sloppy kiss.

O cachorro deu um beijo úmido no dono.

Informal

"Tempo úmido"

— Standard way to say it's humid outside.

O tempo úmido estraga o cabelo.

Neutral

"Solo úmido"

— Used metaphorically for a situation ripe for growth.

A crise foi o solo úmido para a revolta.

Formal

"Voz úmida"

— A voice that sounds like the person is crying.

Ela falou com uma voz úmida.

Literary

"Mãos úmidas"

— Clammy or sweaty hands from nervousness.

Ele estava com as mãos úmidas antes da entrevista.

Neutral

"Paredes úmidas"

— Often synonymous with a neglected or old house.

Vivia entre paredes úmidas.

Neutral

"Ar úmido"

— The physical sensation of moisture in the air.

O ar úmido da manhã era revigorante.

Neutral

"Relva úmida"

— Standard poetic way to describe morning grass.

Caminhou pela relva úmida.

Literary

혼동하기 쉬운

úmido vs humano

Similar start in English (human/humid).

Humano refers to people; úmido refers to moisture.

O ser humano precisa de água.

úmido vs úmero

Very similar spelling.

Úmero is a bone in the arm.

Ele quebrou o úmero.

úmido vs mudo

Similar sound.

Mudo means mute or silent.

Ele ficou mudo de susto.

úmido vs húmus

Related root.

Húmus is organic soil matter.

O húmus é bom para a terra.

úmido vs unido

Similar sound.

Unido means united.

O povo unido jamais será vencido.

문장 패턴

O [noun] está úmido.

O tempo está úmido.

As [noun] estão úmidas.

As roupas estão úmidas.

É um clima [adjective] e úmido.

É um clima quente e úmido.

Mantenha o [noun] úmido para [verb].

Mantenha o solo úmido para germinar.

Devido ao ar úmido, [consequence].

Devido ao ar úmido, a madeira empenou.

A despeito do ambiente úmido, [contrast].

A despeito do ambiente úmido, a pintura secou.

Use um pano úmido para [verb].

Use um pano úmido para limpar.

Ficar com os olhos úmidos.

Ela ficou com os olhos úmidos.

어휘 가족

명사

umidade

umidificador

umedecimento

동사

umedecer

umidificar

형용사

úmido

umedecido

umidificado

사용법

frequency

High, especially in tropical regions.

자주 하는 실수

O ar está úmida. → O ar está úmido.
'Ar' is a masculine noun.
Está muito umidade. → Está muito úmido.
You need the adjective, not the noun.
Eu estou molhado (when just sweaty). → Eu estou úmido / suado.
'Molhado' is too strong for just a little sweat.
As roupas está úmida. → As roupas estão úmidas.
Missing plural agreement for both verb and adjective.
O bolo é molhado. → O bolo é úmido.
In English we say 'moist', in Portuguese 'úmido' is better than 'molhado' for texture.

팁

Gender Check

Always look at the noun. Clima (masc) = úmido. Toalha (fem) = úmida.

Accent Matters

The accent on the 'ú' means you must say it louder and longer than the other syllables.

Not Molhado

Use úmido for 'damp'. If you can squeeze water out of it, use 'molhado'.

Brazil Humidity

In Brazil, humidity is often called 'mormaço' when it's hot and cloudy.

Spelling

Remember: no 'h' at the beginning in Brazilian Portuguese.

Visual Aid

Associate 'úmido' with a damp sponge or morning dew.

Weather Talk

It's a great icebreaker. 'O tempo está úmido hoje, não?'

Cake Tip

Use 'úmido' to compliment a baker on their moist cake.

Doctor Visit

Know 'tosse úmida' to explain symptoms correctly.

Plant Care

Check if the 'solo' is 'úmido' before watering.

암기하기

기억법

Think of the 'U' in Úmido as a 'U-turn' because the water is 'turning' into the object. Or think of 'Humid' and just drop the 'H'.

시각적 연상

Imagine a sponge that you just squeezed out. It is not dripping, but it is definitely 'úmido'.

Word Web

Clima Toalha Pano Solo Ar Bolo Olhos Parede

챌린지

Try to find three things in your house right now that are 'úmido' and name them in Portuguese.

어원

From the Latin 'humidus', which means moist or wet. The Latin root 'humere' means to be moist.

원래 의미: Moist, damp, or wet.

Romance (Latin root)

문화적 맥락

No specific sensitivities, but be careful using 'úmido' to describe people as it can sometimes sound overly clinical or oddly physical depending on the context.

English speakers might use 'humid' only for weather, but 'úmido' is also for 'damp' clothes or 'moist' cake.

The Amazon Rainforest (O pulmão úmido do mundo) Bolo de Rolo (a moist Brazilian cake) Fado songs often mention 'olhos úmidos'

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Cleaning

Pano úmido
Esponja úmida
Limpar o chão
Tirar o pó

Weather

Clima úmido
Ar úmido
Previsão do tempo
Alta umidade

Cooking

Bolo úmido
Massa úmida
Ingredientes
Textura

Gardening

Solo úmido
Regar as plantas
Terra
Raízes

Health

Tosse úmida
Olhos úmidos
Pele úmida
Respirar

대화 시작하기

"Você prefere clima seco ou úmido?"

"O ar está muito úmido hoje, você não acha?"

"Como você faz para o seu bolo ficar tão úmido?"

"A umidade aqui é sempre tão alta assim?"

"Você sabe se o chão ainda está úmido?"

일기 주제

Descreva como o clima úmido afeta o seu dia a dia e o seu humor.

Escreva sobre uma vez que você ficou com os olhos úmidos de alegria.

Como você cuida das suas plantas? O solo deve estar sempre úmido?

Compare o clima de uma cidade úmida que você visitou com uma cidade seca.

Descreva a sensação de caminhar em uma floresta úmida pela manhã.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Usually only for specific parts like 'olhos úmidos' (crying) or 'pele úmida' (sweat/medical). Calling a person 'úmido' is strange.

It's just spelling. Brazil uses 'úmido'. Portugal used 'húmido' but is shifting to 'úmido'.

Yes, it's very common for cakes (bolo úmido) and means 'moist'.

The noun is 'umidade'.

No. In cooking and gardening, it's usually good. In housing, it's usually bad.

Yes, but 'suado' is more common for physical sweat.

Yes: úmidos (masc plural) and úmidas (fem plural).

Yes, very much so in science and engineering.

A cough with phlegm (productive cough).

Pano úmido.

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