Xingzheng refers to the administration and management of affairs, especially within governmental or organizational structures.
30초 단어
- Administration and management of affairs.
- Common in government and organizational contexts.
- Focuses on execution and coordination.
Overview
“行政”一词在中文里非常常用，尤其是在描述政府、公司或任何有组织的团体的管理运作时。它指的是一种系统性的管理行为，旨在实现特定的目标。从宏观的国家层面到微观的部门管理，都可以看到“行政”的身影。它强调的是执行、管理和协调的职能。
“行政”通常用作名词，可以单独使用，也可以与其他词语组合成词组。例如，“行政管理”、“行政部门”、“行政命令”、“行政处罚”等。在句子中，它可以作主语、宾语或定语。例如，“行政部门负责执行政策”；“这项工作属于行政范畴”；“我们需要加强行政效率”。
**政府与公共事务**
这是“行政”最常见的语境，如“国务院是最高国家行政机关”、“行政区划”、“行政审批”。2. 企业与组织管理: 在公司内部，指管理层的工作，如“行政部负责后勤保障”、“行政费用”。3. 法律与执法: 涉及法律的执行和管理，如“行政诉讼”、“行政拘留”。4. 教育领域: 指学校的管理运作，如“教务行政”。
**管理 (guǎnlǐ)**
“管理”是一个更广泛的概念，可以指对人、事、物的控制和处理，不一定涉及公共事务或法律执行。“行政”则更侧重于公共权力下的管理和执行。例如，家庭管理可以用“管理”，但不能用“行政”。2. 组织 (zǔzhī): “组织”可以指一个机构本身（名词），也可以指进行组织活动（动词）。“行政”是组织活动中的一个重要方面，特别是关于管理和运作的部分。3. 执行 (zhíxíng): “执行”强调的是将计划、命令或法律付诸实施。行政工作的一个重要部分就是执行，但行政还包括规划、协调、监督等更广泛的职能。
예시
行政部门需要确保所有员工都了解公司的最新规定。
everydayThe administration department needs to ensure all employees understand the company's latest regulations.
国务院是国家最高行政机关。
formalThe State Council is the highest state administrative organ.
他被调到行政岗，不用再跑业务了。
informalHe was transferred to an administrative position, so he doesn't have to do sales calls anymore.
有效的行政管理是提升公共服务质量的关键。
academicEffective administrative management is key to improving the quality of public services.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
行政效率
Administrative efficiency
行政审批
Administrative approval
行政处罚
Administrative penalty
자주 혼동되는 단어
'Xingzheng' (行政) is a specific type of 'guanli' (管理), typically involving official duties, policy execution, and public or organizational structures. 'Guanli' is broader and can apply to any form of management.
'Xingzheng' (行政) encompasses planning, organizing, and coordinating in addition to execution. 'Zhi xing' (执行) specifically refers to the act of carrying out tasks or plans.
문법 패턴
How to Use It
사용 참고사항
The term 'xingzheng' is primarily used in formal contexts, especially when discussing government, law, and the management of large organizations. It implies a level of official authority and systematic procedure. While it can appear in less formal settings like internal company discussions, its core meaning remains tied to structured administration.
자주 하는 실수
Learners might overuse 'xingzheng' for any management task, forgetting its specific connotation of official or organizational administration. They might also confuse it with 'guanli' (management) or 'zhixing' (execution) without fully grasping the nuances.
Tips
Understand the Scope of Xingzheng
Think of 'xingzheng' as the machinery that keeps organizations and governments running smoothly through management and execution.
Avoid Overgeneralization
While 'xingzheng' means administration, don't use it for every kind of management. Reserve it for official, organizational, or governmental contexts.
Governmental Importance
In China, the term 'xingzheng' is deeply tied to the structure and functioning of the state apparatus and public services.
어원
The character 行 (xíng) means 'to go, to travel, to act, to do', and 政 (zhèng) means 'government, politics, rule'. Together, 行政 literally means 'to act for the government' or 'to carry out governance', highlighting its administrative and executive functions.
문화적 맥락
In Chinese culture, efficient and orderly administration ('xingzheng') is highly valued, reflecting a historical emphasis on governance and bureaucracy. The effectiveness of administrative bodies is often seen as a direct measure of an organization's or government's capability.
암기 팁
Think of 'Xingzheng' as the 'King's Zheng' (政) - the ruler's (king's) way (行) of managing the kingdom's affairs.
자주 묻는 질문
4 질문“行政”通常指在公共权力或组织框架下的管理活动，侧重于执行政策和法律。而“管理”是一个更宽泛的概念，可以应用于任何领域，包括个人事务和商业运作。
常见的搭配有：行政管理、行政部门、行政命令、行政处罚、行政区划、行政审批、行政效率等。
在日常生活中，你可能会听到关于政府部门的“行政”工作，或者公司“行政部”负责的事务，比如办公室管理、后勤支持等。
是的，“行政”通常用于比较正式的场合，尤其是在讨论政府、法律或大型组织的运作时。但在公司内部的日常语境中也可能用到。
셀프 테스트
这家公司的_______部门负责处理员工的招聘、薪资和福利。
行政部门通常负责处理人力资源、后勤等公司内部的管理事务。
下列哪个选项最能概括“行政”的意思？
行政的核心在于管理和执行，尤其是在政府和组织层面。
请用“行政”、“效率”、“提高”来组成一个句子。
“提高行政效率”是一个常用且正确的搭配，表示提升管理和执行的有效性。
점수: /3
Summary
Xingzheng refers to the administration and management of affairs, especially within governmental or organizational structures.
- Administration and management of affairs.
- Common in government and organizational contexts.
- Focuses on execution and coordination.
Understand the Scope of Xingzheng
Think of 'xingzheng' as the machinery that keeps organizations and governments running smoothly through management and execution.
Avoid Overgeneralization
While 'xingzheng' means administration, don't use it for every kind of management. Reserve it for official, organizational, or governmental contexts.
Governmental Importance
In China, the term 'xingzheng' is deeply tied to the structure and functioning of the state apparatus and public services.
예시
4 / 4行政部门需要确保所有员工都了解公司的最新规定。
The administration department needs to ensure all employees understand the company's latest regulations.
国务院是国家最高行政机关。
The State Council is the highest state administrative organ.
他被调到行政岗，不用再跑业务了。
He was transferred to an administrative position, so he doesn't have to do sales calls anymore.
有效的行政管理是提升公共服务质量的关键。
Effective administrative management is key to improving the quality of public services.
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관련 어휘
work 관련 단어
充裕的
B2Abundant, ample, or sufficient in quantity.
事故
A2accident; mishap
依照
A2According to; in accordance with.
准确地
A2accurately, precisely
做到
A2to achieve; to accomplish
积极地
A2actively; enthusiastically
应变
B2Adaptive; capable of dealing with emergencies.
过后
A2Afterwards; at a later or subsequent time.
赞同
A2To approve of, to endorse; to agree with or support.
议定
A2to decide after discussion, to agree upon
