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A2 adjective #3,000 가장 일반적인 6분 분량

焦急

jiāojí
At the A1 level, you can think of 焦急 (jiāojí) as a very strong version of 'worry.' While you usually learn '担心' (dānxīn) first, 焦急 is what you feel when you are waiting for something right now and it is late. For example, if your mom is not home at 10 PM and she didn't call, you feel 焦急. It is a feeling in your heart (心). You can say '我很焦急' (I am very anxious). It is a simple way to show you are not just a little worried, but very worried because of time.
At the A2 level, you should start using 焦急 to describe people in specific situations. It is often used with the word '等' (děng - to wait). A common pattern is '焦急地等待' (waiting anxiously). You might see this in simple stories. For example, '他在车站焦急地等车' (He is anxiously waiting for the bus at the station). It helps you describe *how* someone is doing an action. It's more descriptive than just saying 'he is waiting.' It tells us about his feelings.
For B1 learners, 焦急 becomes a tool for better storytelling and more nuanced expression. You should understand that it implies a sense of 'burning' (焦) and 'urgency' (急). You can use it to describe facial expressions ('焦急的神色') or a state of mind ('心里焦急'). At this level, you should also be able to distinguish it from '着急.' While '着急' is used when you are late for school, '焦急' is used when you are waiting for something more serious, like a doctor's news or a lost passport.
At the B2 level, you should master the collocations of 焦急. It often appears in formal writing and literature. You might use phrases like '焦急万分' (extremely anxious) or '万分焦急.' You should also understand its use in social contexts, such as expressing concern for others. For instance, '看到家乡遭受水灾，他内心十分焦急' (Seeing his hometown suffer from floods, he felt very anxious). It shows a deeper emotional connection and a more sophisticated vocabulary choice than simpler words.
C1 learners should appreciate the rhythmic and stylistic value of 焦急 in prose. It is often paired with other two-character words to create balance. You should be able to identify the subtle difference between 焦急 and 焦躁 (restless anxiety). In a C1 context, 焦急 might be used to describe the collective mood of a nation or a market during a crisis. You should also be comfortable using it in complex sentence structures, such as '这种焦急的情绪在人群中蔓延' (This feeling of anxiety spread through the crowd).
At the C2 level, 焦急 is understood within its full historical and literary breadth. You can use it to analyze characters in classical or modern Chinese literature who are caught in existential or moral dilemmas. You understand that the '焦' (burnt) element relates to the traditional Chinese medical and philosophical view of emotions affecting the body's internal 'heat.' You can use the word with precision in high-level academic or diplomatic discourse to describe the urgent need for resolution in international tensions or critical negotiations.
연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

焦急 30초 만에

  • 焦急 means 'anxious' or 'worried' with a sense of burning urgency.
  • It is more formal and intense than the common word '着急'.
  • Commonly used with 'waiting' (等待) or to describe facial expressions.
  • It reflects a situational distress rather than a long-term clinical condition.

The term 焦急 (jiāojí) is a powerful adjective in the Chinese language that encapsulates a specific type of emotional distress. At its core, it describes a state of being extremely anxious, worried, or fretful, typically triggered by a situation that requires immediate resolution or an outcome that is delayed. Unlike general anxiety, which might be a long-term psychological state, 焦急 is often situational and acute. Imagine the feeling of standing on a train platform when your train is ten minutes late and you have a job interview starting in fifteen. That 'burning' sensation in your chest is exactly what this word conveys.

Etymological Nuance
The first character 焦 (jiāo) means 'burnt' or 'scorched,' while 急 (jí) means 'urgent' or 'hurried.' Together, they literally suggest a heart that is 'burning with urgency.'
Intensity Level
It is stronger than simply 'being in a hurry' (着急) and often implies a deeper level of internal psychological pressure.
Grammatical Function
It primarily functions as an adjective but can be used as an adverbial modifier with the particle '地' (de).

"他在手术室外焦急地走来走去。" (He paced back and forth anxiously outside the operating room.)

— Example of situational anxiety

In a broader sense, 焦急 reflects the human response to uncertainty. When we are 焦急, our focus narrows, our heart rate increases, and we become hyper-aware of the passage of time. This word is frequently used in literature to heighten tension and in daily life to express a sincere sense of concern. It is not just about 'worrying' (担心); it is about the physical and mental restlessness that accompanies a high-stakes wait.

"看到孩子还没回来，母亲心里十分焦急。" (Seeing that the child hadn't returned, the mother felt very anxious in her heart.)

The word also carries a sense of helplessness. You are 焦急 because you cannot control the speed of the outcome. Whether it is waiting for test results, a loved one's arrival, or a critical piece of news, the 'heat' of the situation is what defines the experience. It is a word that resonates deeply with the universal human experience of waiting under pressure.

Using 焦急 correctly requires understanding its position in a sentence and its collocations. As an adjective, it most commonly follows intensifying adverbs like '很' (hěn), '非常' (fēicháng), or '十分' (shífēn). It can also be used as a predicate to describe a person's state of mind.

  • As a Predicate: "他心里很焦急。" (He is very anxious in his heart.)
  • As an Adverbial: "焦急地等待" (To wait anxiously). Note the use of '地' to turn the adjective into an adverb.
  • With Complements: "急得焦急万分" (So anxious that it feels like ten thousand points of urgency).

"不要焦急，事情总会有办法解决的。" (Don't be anxious; there will always be a way to solve the matter.)

When comparing 焦急 with its close relative 着急 (zháojí), remember that 焦急 is more formal and carries a heavier emotional weight. While you might be '着急' because you're late for a movie, you are '焦急' when you are waiting for news about a missing person. 焦急 is often used in written narratives to provide a window into a character's internal turmoil.

In professional settings, you might use 焦急 to express the urgency of a project or a response. For example, "我们正焦急地等待您的回复" (We are anxiously awaiting your reply) shows a high level of importance and respect for the timeline. It signals to the recipient that the matter is not just 'urgent' but 'emotionally significant' to the sender.

You will encounter 焦急 in various high-tension environments. It is a staple of news reporting, literature, and dramatic dialogue. In news broadcasts, you might hear it during coverage of natural disasters or search-and-rescue missions, where families are '焦急地等待' (anxiously waiting) for news of their loved ones.

In Literature
Authors use it to describe the psychological state of a protagonist facing a dilemma. It adds a layer of 'heat' and 'friction' to the narrative.
In Daily Conversation
While '着急' is more common in casual speech, '焦急' is used when the speaker wants to emphasize the depth of their concern.
In Medical Contexts
Waiting rooms in hospitals are the quintessential setting for 焦急. Doctors might use it to describe a patient's family's state.

"广播里传来了寻找失散儿童的消息，家长神色焦急。" (The broadcast announced a search for a lost child; the parents looked anxious.)

In the workplace, if a deadline is approaching and a critical component is missing, a manager might describe the team's mood as 焦急. It conveys a sense of collective pressure. Similarly, in the context of modern technology, one might feel 焦急 when a website is loading slowly during a limited-time sale or when waiting for a verification code to arrive via SMS.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is using 焦急 as a direct replacement for 'worried' in every context. Chinese has several words for 'worry,' and choosing the wrong one can change the tone of your sentence. 焦急 specifically implies a sense of *impatience* and *immediacy*.

  • Mistake 1: Using it for long-term worry. For example, "我为我的未来感到焦急" is less natural than "我为我的未来感到焦虑." The future is too broad for the 'burning urgency' of 焦急.
  • Mistake 2: Confusing it with '着急'. While similar, '着急' can also mean 'to hurry up' (e.g., 别着急). '焦急' is almost never used as a command to hurry someone up.
  • Mistake 3: Incorrect particle usage. Remember to use '地' (de) when modifying a verb. Saying "他焦急等待" is okay in news headlines, but in standard speech, "他焦急地等待" is better.

Incorrect: "你不要焦急，快点走！"
Correct: "你不要着急，慢慢来。" (Don't worry, take your time.)

Another subtle mistake is the intensity. 焦急 is a 'heavy' word. Using it for something trivial, like waiting for a cup of coffee in a relaxed cafe, might sound overly dramatic or even sarcastic. Reserve 焦急 for situations where the stakes are high or the wait is genuinely painful.

Understanding the synonyms of 焦急 helps in fine-tuning your expression. Each word has a slightly different flavor of anxiety.

着急 (zháojí)
The most common synonym. It is colloquial and can mean both 'to be worried' and 'to be in a rush.' It lacks the 'burning' intensity of 焦急.
焦虑 (jiāolǜ)
Focuses on 'apprehension' and 'unease.' It is often used for mental health contexts or long-term concerns about things that might happen.
焦躁 (jiāozào)
Combines anxiety with irritability. If you are 焦躁, you are not just worried; you are also restless and likely to snap at people.
迫切 (pòqiè)
Means 'urgent' or 'pressing.' It describes the situation more than the emotion. A need can be 迫切, but a person is 焦急.

"比起着急，焦急更多了一份内心的煎熬。" (Compared to 'zháojí', 'jiāojí' adds a layer of internal suffering.)

In summary, choose 着急 for daily rushes, 焦虑 for deep-seated worries, 焦躁 for restless annoyance, and 焦急 for that specific, burning feeling of waiting for something important that hasn't happened yet.

How Formal Is It?

격식체

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비격식체

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난이도

알아야 할 문법

수준별 예문

1

他很焦急。

He is very anxious.

Subject + Adverb + Adjective

2

妈妈很焦急。

Mom is very anxious.

Simple sentence structure

3

不要焦急。

Don't be anxious.

Negative imperative

4

我心里焦急。

I feel anxious in my heart.

Locative subject + Adjective

5

老师很焦急。

The teacher is very anxious.

Noun + Adverb + Adjective

6

他为什么焦急？

Why is he anxious?

Question with 'why'

7

因为迟到，他很焦急。

Because he is late, he is very anxious.

Cause and effect

8

大家都很焦急。

Everyone is very anxious.

Plural subject

1

他在焦急地等电话。

He is anxiously waiting for a phone call.

Adverbial modifier with '地'

2

我们焦急地看着医生。

We looked at the doctor anxiously.

Verb phrase with adverbial

3

由于火车晚点，乘客们很焦急。

Because the train was late, the passengers were very anxious.

Complex sentence with 'due to'

4

她神色焦急地跑了进来。

She ran in with an anxious expression.

Describing appearance and action

5

看到考试成绩还没出来，他很焦急。

Seeing that the exam results weren't out yet, he was very anxious.

Participial phrase start

6

焦急是没有用的。

Being anxious is useless.

Adjective used as a noun

7

他在房间里焦急地走来走去。

He paced back and forth in the room anxiously.

Directional complement

8

别为这件事焦急了。

Don't be anxious about this matter anymore.

Preposition '为' (for/about)

1

面试官还没来，他坐在椅子上，显得十分焦急。

The interviewer hadn't arrived yet; he sat on the chair, looking extremely anxious.

Use of '显得' (to appear/look)

2

这种焦急的心情是可以理解的。

This kind of anxious mood is understandable.

Adjective modifying a noun

3

他焦急地询问着关于比赛的消息。

He was anxiously inquiring about news of the competition.

Continuous action with '着'

4

为了不让父母焦急，他每天都打个电话回家。

In order not to make his parents anxious, he calls home every day.

Purpose clause with '为了'

5

他那焦急的样子让人感到不安。

His anxious appearance makes people feel uneasy.

Causative structure '让'

6

我们都在焦急地期盼着好消息的到来。

We are all anxiously looking forward to the arrival of good news.

Compound verb '期盼'

7

尽管他很焦急，但他还是努力保持冷静。

Although he was very anxious, he still tried hard to stay calm.

Concession clause '尽管...但是'

8

时间一分一秒地过去，他的焦急也与日俱增。

As time passed second by second, his anxiety grew day by day.

Idiomatic expression '与日俱增'

1

面对突如其来的危机，经理感到万分焦急。

Facing the sudden crisis, the manager felt extremely anxious.

Use of '万分' (extremely)

2

他在信中表达了对家乡建设的焦急关注。

In the letter, he expressed his anxious concern for the construction of his hometown.

Abstract noun modification

3

这种焦急的情绪如果不能得到缓解，会影响工作效率。

If this anxious emotion cannot be relieved, it will affect work efficiency.

Conditional '如果...会'

4

他焦急地等待着实验结果的最终确认。

He was anxiously awaiting the final confirmation of the experimental results.

Formal vocabulary '确认'

5

母亲焦急的目光始终没有离开过门口。

The mother's anxious gaze never left the doorway.

Metaphorical use of '目光'

6

他虽然内心焦急，但表面上却装得若无其事。

Although he was anxious inside, he pretended to be indifferent on the surface.

Contrast '虽然...但表面上'

7

焦急往往源于对未知事物的恐惧。

Anxiety often stems from the fear of the unknown.

Philosophical statement

8

他焦急地翻找着那份丢失的重要文件。

He was anxiously rummaging through for that lost important document.

Action verb '翻找'

1

在那段漫长的等待中，焦急成了他唯一的伴侣。

During that long wait, anxiety became his only companion.

Personification of an emotion

2

他焦急地踱步，地板发出了沉闷的响声。

He paced anxiously, the floor making a dull sound.

Descriptive literary style

3

这种焦急不仅是个人的，更是整个团队的共鸣。

This anxiety is not just individual, but a resonance of the entire team.

Use of '不仅...更是'

4

他那焦急的呼喊声在空旷的山谷中回荡。

His anxious shouts echoed in the empty valley.

Auditory description

5

随着截止日期的临近，空气中弥漫着一种焦急的气息。

As the deadline approached, an air of anxiety permeated the atmosphere.

Abstract '气息' (atmosphere/breath)

6

他试图用忙碌来掩饰内心的焦急，但收效甚微。

He tried to use busyness to hide his internal anxiety, but with little success.

Formal phrase '收效甚微'

7

焦急的情绪如野火般在人群中蔓延开来。

Anxious emotions spread through the crowd like wildfire.

Simile '如...般'

8

他焦急地审视着合同中的每一个条款，生怕出错。

He anxiously scrutinized every clause in the contract, for fear of making a mistake.

Precise verb '审视'

1

在历史的转折点上，决策者往往处于一种极度的焦急之中。

At the turning points of history, decision-makers are often in a state of extreme anxiety.

High-level abstract context

2

这种焦急并非源于无知，而是源于对责任的深刻自觉。

This anxiety does not stem from ignorance, but from a profound self-awareness of responsibility.

Philosophical contrast '并非...而是'

3

他以一种近乎焦急的姿态，试图挽回那段逝去的时光。

In an almost anxious posture, he tried to redeem that lost time.

Literary '姿态' (posture/attitude)

4

文学作品中对焦急的刻画，往往揭示了人性中最脆弱的一面。

The portrayal of anxiety in literary works often reveals the most vulnerable side of human nature.

Academic '刻画' (portrayal)

5

这种焦急在潜意识中发酵，最终转化为一种行动的力量。

This anxiety ferments in the subconscious and eventually transforms into a force for action.

Metaphorical '发酵' (ferment)

6

他焦急地扣问着命运的大门，却只得到了沉默的回应。

He anxiously knocked on the door of fate, but received only a silent response.

Highly metaphorical '扣问'

7

在全球气候变化的背景下，科学家们正处于前所未有的焦急状态。

Against the backdrop of global climate change, scientists are in an unprecedented state of anxiety.

Modern global context

8

这种焦急感，既是痛苦的根源，也是进步的动力。

This sense of anxiety is both the source of pain and the driving force of progress.

Paradoxical structure

자주 쓰는 조합

焦急地等待 (Wait anxiously)
神色焦急 (Anxious expression)
万分焦急 (Extremely anxious)
内心焦急 (Anxious inside)
感到焦急 (To feel anxious)
焦急万分 (Extremely anxious - idiom style)
焦急的心情 (Anxious mood)
神情焦急 (Anxious look)
十分焦急 (Very anxious)
焦急不安 (Anxious and restless)

자주 쓰는 구문

焦急地寻找 (Anxiously searching)

焦急地盼望 (Anxiously hoping for)

焦急地询问 (Anxiously inquiring)

焦急地踱步 (Anxiously pacing)

焦急地看着 (Anxiously looking at)

焦急的等待者 (Anxious waiter/person waiting)

焦急的目光 (Anxious gaze)

焦急的呼喊 (Anxious shout)

焦急的情绪 (Anxious emotion)

焦急的呼救 (Anxious cry for help)

자주 혼동되는 단어

焦急 vs 着急 (Less formal, more common)

焦急 vs 焦虑 (More psychological/long-term)

焦急 vs 焦躁 (More about irritability)

관용어 및 표현

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혼동하기 쉬운

焦急 vs

焦急 vs

焦急 vs

문장 패턴

어휘 가족

관련

사용법

duration

Usually short-term/situational.

intensity

Higher than 着急, lower than 绝望 (despair).

자주 하는 실수
  • Using 焦急 instead of 焦虑 for long-term mental health.
  • Forgetting the '地' in '焦急地等待'.
  • Using it for positive excitement (use 期待 instead).
  • Using it as a verb (e.g., '我焦急这件事' is wrong; use '我为这件事感到焦急').
  • Using it for trivial things (it can sound too dramatic).

팁

Context Matters

Only use 焦急 when there is a sense of time pressure or an immediate need for an answer.

Particle 'De'

Always remember to use '地' when you want to say someone is doing something 'anxiously'.

Synonym Choice

Use '着急' in daily life and '焦急' in your essays or formal speeches.

Body Metaphor

Remember the 'burnt' (焦) part to understand why it feels like a 'hot' emotion.

Show, Don't Tell

Instead of just saying 'he was 焦急', describe him looking at his watch every ten seconds.

Emotional Tone

When saying this word, try to convey a sense of urgency in your voice.

Identify Patterns

When you hear '等待' (waiting), listen for '焦急' right before it.

Character Breakdown

Focus on the 'fire' radical in 焦 and the 'heart' radical in 急.

Anxiety vs Urgency

Don't use it for clinical anxiety; that's what '焦虑' is for.

Idiom usage

Try using '焦急万分' to sound like a more advanced speaker.

암기하기

어원

문화적 맥락

A key word in 20th-century Chinese realism to describe the plight of the common people.

Often used in 'memes' about waiting for deliveries or exam results.

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실제 사용 상황

대화 시작하기

"你等成绩的时候会感到焦急吗？"

"如果朋友迟到了，你会焦急还是生气？"

"你最焦急的一次经历是什么？"

"看到别人焦急，你会怎么安慰他们？"

"你觉得焦急对解决问题有帮助吗？"

일기 주제

描述一次你焦急地等待某人的经历。

写一写你如何处理焦急的情绪。

如果你看到一个小孩子在街上焦急地哭，你会怎么做？

焦急和着急有什么区别？用你的话解释一下。

为什么现代人总是感到很焦急？

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Yes, it is a very common and correct way to express that you are feeling anxious.

It is a negative emotion, but it is a natural human response to stress or waiting.

担心 is 'to worry' about a possibility; 焦急 is 'to be anxious' because of time or urgency.

No, it describes a state, not a permanent character trait. For a person who is always in a rush, use '性子急'.

You can say '焦急万分' or '非常焦急'.

Yes, to show that a reply or a project is very urgent and important.

No, it is strictly for worry/anxiety. For 'anxious' in a good way (e.g., 'anxious to see you'), use '迫切' or '期待'.

镇定 (calm) or 悠闲 (leisurely).

Yes, it typically appears around HSK 4 or HSK 5 levels (Old HSK) or CEFR A2/B1.

Yes, it describes someone walking in a way that shows they are anxious.

셀프 테스트 180 질문

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

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