To be assiduous and hardworking, showing great dedication despite challenges.
30초 단어
- Describing someone who works very hard with great determination.
- Often used to praise students or employees for their diligence.
- Implies overcoming difficulties and enduring hardships to achieve success.
1) 概览：刻苦是一个褒义词，核心含义是“刻意地磨练自己，不怕辛苦”。它不仅指身体上的劳累，更多是指精神上的专注与坚韧，是形容学生学习或员工工作表现时最常用的词汇之一。 2) 使用模式：该词通常作定语（如：刻苦的学习）或状语（如：刻苦地钻研）。它经常与表示努力、学习、钻研的动词搭配使用，强调过程的艰辛和态度的认真。 3) 常见语境：多出现在学校环境、职场评价或个人成长叙事中。例如，老师评价学生“刻苦钻研”，或老板赞扬员工“刻苦耐劳”。在描述成功人士的传记时，刻苦也是必不可少的关键词，用于强调其成就背后的汗水。 4) 近义词辨析：与“勤奋”相比，“刻苦”更强调“吃苦”的过程和对困难的克服；与“努力”相比，“刻苦”的程度更深，带有更强的意志力色彩。
예시
他学习非常刻苦，经常在图书馆待到深夜。
everydayHe studies very hard and often stays in the library until late at night.
通过刻苦钻研，他终于攻克了这个技术难关。
formalThrough assiduous research, he finally overcame this technical difficulty.
别光羡慕别人的成功，你要知道他们背后有多刻苦。
informalDon't just envy others' success; you should know how hard they worked behind the scenes.
刻苦耐劳是中华民族的传统美德。
academicHard work and endurance are traditional virtues of the Chinese nation.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
刻苦学习
Study hard
刻苦耐劳
Hardworking and able to endure
刻苦钻研
Assiduously study and research
자주 혼동되는 단어
辛苦 refers to physical or mental exhaustion or the state of being tired. 刻苦 focuses on the attitude of being willing to suffer for a goal.
勤奋 means diligent and industrious. It is a general term for being busy and hardworking, whereas 刻苦 emphasizes the 'enduring hardship' aspect.
문법 패턴
How to Use It
사용 참고사항
The word '刻苦' is generally used in formal or semi-formal contexts when evaluating someone's character or work ethic. It is highly positive and is frequently used by teachers, parents, or supervisors. Avoid using it to describe yourself in a boastful way; it is better used by others to describe you.
자주 하는 실수
Learners often confuse '刻苦' with '辛苦'. Remember that '刻苦' is about the proactive effort to overcome difficulty, while '辛苦' is about the feeling of being tired. Also, avoid using '刻苦' as a noun; it is strictly an adjective or adverb.
Tips
Pair with action verbs
Always pair '刻苦' with verbs like '学习', '钻研', or '训练' to emphasize the specific area of dedication.
Avoid using for physical pain
Do not use '刻苦' to describe physical tiredness. Use '辛苦' instead when referring to physical exhaustion.
Cultural value of diligence
In Chinese culture, '刻苦' is considered a highly virtuous trait, deeply rooted in the Confucian emphasis on self-discipline and perseverance.
어원
The word combines '刻' (to carve) and '苦' (bitterness/hardship). Historically, it implies that one must 'carve' away comfort to endure the 'bitterness' of intense training or study.
문화적 맥락
In China, the concept of '刻苦' is tied to the historical importance of the Imperial Examination system, where years of suffering and solitary study were the only way to change one's social status. This value remains strong in modern education.
암기 팁
Think of the character '刻' (carve/engrave) - it takes hard work to carve something perfectly. '刻苦' is like carving your success through hard work.
자주 묻는 질문
4 질문“努力”是一个通用词，指为了达到目的而使劲；“刻苦”则更强调在过程中能够忍受艰苦，带有更强的意志力色彩，程度通常比“努力”更深。
不可以，“刻苦”主要形容人的态度、精神或行为，而不直接形容身体状况。如果想表达身体辛苦，可以使用“辛苦”或“劳累”。
在赞扬他人的奋斗精神，或回顾自己克服困难取得成就时使用最合适。它通常出现在正式的书面语或评价性的口语中。
最直接的反义词是“懒惰”或“懈怠”。形容一个人不努力、贪图安逸时，可以使用这些词。
셀프 테스트
他每天都___地练习书法，终于获得了大奖。
刻苦用来形容练习书法这种需要长期坚持和努力的行为。
想要学好外语，必须（ ）练习听力。
学好外语需要持续的努力，刻苦符合语境。
这名学生/学习/非常/刻苦。
标准的中文句式是主语+动词+程度副词+形容词。
점수: /3
Summary
To be assiduous and hardworking, showing great dedication despite challenges.
- Describing someone who works very hard with great determination.
- Often used to praise students or employees for their diligence.
- Implies overcoming difficulties and enduring hardships to achieve success.
Pair with action verbs
Always pair '刻苦' with verbs like '学习', '钻研', or '训练' to emphasize the specific area of dedication.
Avoid using for physical pain
Do not use '刻苦' to describe physical tiredness. Use '辛苦' instead when referring to physical exhaustion.
Cultural value of diligence
In Chinese culture, '刻苦' is considered a highly virtuous trait, deeply rooted in the Confucian emphasis on self-discipline and perseverance.
예시
4 / 4他学习非常刻苦，经常在图书馆待到深夜。
He studies very hard and often stays in the library until late at night.
通过刻苦钻研，他终于攻克了这个技术难关。
Through assiduous research, he finally overcame this technical difficulty.
别光羡慕别人的成功，你要知道他们背后有多刻苦。
Don't just envy others' success; you should know how hard they worked behind the scenes.
刻苦耐劳是中华民族的传统美德。
Hard work and endurance are traditional virtues of the Chinese nation.
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관련 어휘
work 관련 단어
充裕的
B2Abundant, ample, or sufficient in quantity.
事故
A2accident; mishap
依照
A2According to; in accordance with.
准确地
A2accurately, precisely
做到
A2to achieve; to accomplish
积极地
A2actively; enthusiastically
应变
B2Adaptive; capable of dealing with emergencies.
行政
A2Administration; the management of affairs.
过后
A2Afterwards; at a later or subsequent time.
赞同
A2To approve of, to endorse; to agree with or support.
