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A1 verb #1,500 가장 일반적인 7분 분량

希望

xiwang 상위 1,500

At the A1 level, '希望' is used in its simplest form to express basic wishes. You will mostly use it as a verb followed by a simple action or a state. For example, 'I hope you are happy' or 'I hope it doesn't rain.' It is a key word for polite social interaction. You should focus on the structure 'Subject + 希望 + [Simple Sentence].' It helps you move beyond just saying what you 'want' (想) to what you 'hope' for others or the future. It is one of the first abstract verbs you will learn, and it is very regular in its usage. You don't need to worry about complex grammar; just treat it as a bridge to the thing you want to happen.

At the A2 level, you begin to use '希望' to talk about plans and slightly more complex desires. You might start using it in the negative form '不希望' (don't hope/don't want) to express things you'd rather avoid. You also start to see '希望' used as a noun, such as '很有希望' (very hopeful/promising). You can use it to describe your goals for learning Chinese or your travel plans. The vocabulary following '希望' becomes more varied, including modal verbs like '能' (can) or '可以' (may). This level is about expanding the context of your hopes from immediate needs to general intentions.

At the B1 level, '希望' is used to express more nuanced social expectations and professional polite requests. You will use it in emails and formal letters to soften requests. For instance, 'I hope you can give me a reply' sounds much more professional than 'Please reply.' You also begin to distinguish '希望' from its synonyms like '愿望' (a specific wish) and '盼望' (longing for). You might use it in conditional sentences or to discuss social issues. At this stage, you should be comfortable using '希望' as both a verb and a noun in a single paragraph, and you should understand its role in expressing the 'subjunctive' mood in Chinese.

At the B2 level, you explore the use of '希望' in abstract and metaphorical contexts. You will encounter it in news reports, literature, and debates. You'll learn fixed expressions like '寄托希望' (to place hope in) or '抱有希望' (to cherish hope). You should be able to use '希望' to discuss complex topics like the 'hope of a nation' or 'economic prospects.' Your understanding of the word should include its emotional weight—how it can be used to inspire or, in its absence, to describe despair (绝望). You will also notice how '希望' is used in formal speeches to build a sense of collective purpose.

At the C1 level, you master the subtle rhetorical uses of '希望.' You understand how it can be used ironically or to express a high degree of formality. You can differentiate between '希望,' '期望,' and '期盼' with precision, choosing the one that perfectly matches the social hierarchy and emotional tone of your discourse. You will analyze its use in classical-style modern prose and understand its philosophical implications in Chinese thought. You should be able to use '希望' in complex grammatical structures, such as passive constructions or as part of long, multi-clause sentences that define a vision for the future.

At the C2 level, '希望' is a tool for sophisticated expression. You can use it to evoke specific cultural resonances, such as referencing the 'Hope Primary Schools' or historical movements. You understand the etymological roots of the characters (希 - rare/hope, 望 - to gaze into the distance) and how this history informs its modern usage. You can use '希望' in high-level literary creative writing, playing with its meaning as both a fleeting feeling and a solid foundation. Your usage is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker, utilizing the word to navigate the most complex social and professional landscapes with ease.

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

希望 30초 만에

希望 (xīwàng) is a versatile Chinese word meaning 'to hope' or 'hope,' functioning as both a verb and a noun in various contexts.
It is primarily used to express positive expectations for the future and is essential for polite social interactions and professional requests.
Grammatically, it often precedes a clause or verb phrase when acting as a verb, and can be modified by adjectives when acting as a noun.
Culturally, it carries significant weight in China, often associated with family success, education, and national progress.

The word 希望 (xīwàng) is one of the most versatile and essential words in the Chinese language. At its core, it bridges the gap between the present reality and a desired future. Whether you are a beginner or an advanced learner, understanding the nuances of 'hope' is crucial for expressing your intentions and feelings.

Primary Meaning: To hope; to wish; to desire. It signifies a positive expectation for something that has not yet occurred.

我希望明天是晴天。(Wǒ xīwàng míngtiān shì qíngtiān.) - I hope tomorrow is a sunny day.

In this context, '希望' acts as a verb. It is often followed by a complete sentence or a verb phrase that describes the state you wish to see. Unlike '想' (xiǎng), which can mean 'to want' or 'to think,' '希望' carries a stronger sense of expectation and optimism.

Noun Usage: Hope; prospect; promise. It refers to the abstract concept of hope itself or a person who embodies that hope.

你是我们的希望。(Nǐ shì wǒmen de xīwàng.) - You are our hope.

Culturally, '希望' is deeply rooted in the idea of progress and family. Parents often say their children are the '希望' of the family, implying that the future success of the lineage rests on the younger generation. This adds a layer of responsibility to the word that might not always be present in the English equivalent.

看到了一丝希望。(Kàndàole yìsī xīwàng.) - Saw a glimmer of hope.

Grammar Note: '希望' cannot be followed by an object that is just a simple noun unless it's used as 'hope for [something]'. Usually, it's 'Subject + 希望 + [Clause/Verb Phrase]'.

我们希望你成功。(Wǒmen xīwàng nǐ chénggōng.) - We hope you succeed.

Using 希望 (xīwàng) correctly involves understanding its dual role as a verb and a noun. It is a 'stative' verb in many cases, describing a mental state rather than a physical action.

Structure 1: Verb + Clause: This is the most common way to express a wish. [Subject] + 希望 + [Sentence].

我希望你能来参加我的生日派对。(Wǒ xīwàng nǐ néng lái cānjiā wǒ de shēngrì pàiduì.) - I hope you can come to my birthday party.

Notice how the part after '希望' is a full sentence ('you can come to my birthday party'). This is a key difference from English where we often use 'to' (I hope to go). In Chinese, you can say '我希望去' (I hope to go), but '我希望我能去' is more natural.

Structure 2: Noun usage: [Adjective] + 的 + 希望 or [Verb] + 希望.

这是一个伟大的希望。(Zhè shì yí gè wěidà de xīwàng.) - This is a great hope.

When you want to say 'I hope so,' you don't say '我希望这样.' Instead, you say '希望如此' (Xīwàng rúcǐ), which is a fixed idiomatic expression. This is a common pitfall for English speakers who translate word-for-word.

A: 明天会下雨吗？ B: 希望如此。(A: Will it rain tomorrow? B: I hope so.)

Formal vs. Informal: In emails, '希望' is used to politely request something. '希望能尽快收到您的回复' (Hope to receive your reply soon).

我抱有很大的希望。(Wǒ bàoyǒu hěndà de xīwàng.) - I hold great hope.

You will encounter 希望 (xīwàng) in almost every layer of Chinese society, from pop songs to political speeches. It is a word that carries emotional weight and social significance.

In Daily Conversation: Friends use it to express well-wishes. '希望你一切都好' (Hope everything is fine with you).

我真希望我能中大奖！(Wǒ zhēn xīwàng wǒ néng zhòng dàjiǎng!) - I really hope I can win the lottery!

In the workplace, managers use it to set expectations. '我希望大家能按时完成任务' (I hope everyone can finish the tasks on time). Here, it acts as a polite imperative, softening the command while maintaining authority.

In Media and News: News anchors often use it when discussing social progress or international relations. '我们希望两国关系能够改善' (We hope the relationship between the two countries can improve).

这是全人类的希望。(Zhè shì quán rénlèi de xīwàng.) - This is the hope of all mankind.

In schools, teachers frequently use it to encourage students. '老师希望你们努力学习' (The teacher hopes you study hard). It is a key part of the 'encouragement culture' in Chinese education.

不要放弃希望。(Búyào fàngqì xīwàng.) - Don't give up hope.

In Literature: Classic and modern literature often contrast '希望' (hope) with '绝望' (despair) to highlight the human condition.

在黑暗中，他看到了一点希望。(Zài hēian zhōng, tā kàndàole yìdiǎn xīwàng.) - In the darkness, he saw a bit of hope.

While 希望 (xīwàng) is a simple word, learners often make subtle errors in its application, particularly when translating directly from English.

Mistake 1: Past Tense Confusion: Using '希望' to express regret about the past. In English, we say 'I hope you had a good time.' In Chinese, you cannot use '希望' for a past event.

Incorrect: 我希望你昨天玩得开心。 (Wrong logic for 'hope'). Correct: 我想你昨天玩得很开心吧。

If you are expressing a wish for something that didn't happen, use '要是...就好了' (yàoshi... jiù hǎole). '希望' is strictly for future or ongoing possibilities.

Mistake 2: Using '希望' as 'Want': '希望' is more formal and distant than '想' (xiǎng) or '要' (yào). Don't use it for simple physical desires like wanting a coffee.

Incorrect: 我希望喝咖啡。 (Sounds like a profound life wish for coffee). Correct: 我想喝咖啡。

Another common error is the word order when adding 'also' or 'still.' The adverb should come before '希望'.

我还是希望你能来。(Wǒ háishì xīwàng nǐ néng lái.) - I still hope you can come.

Mistake 3: 'I hope so' translation: As mentioned, '我希望这样' is awkward. Use '希望如此' or '但愿如此'.

但愿如此。(Dànyuàn rúcǐ.) - I hope so / Let's hope so.

Understanding the synonyms of 希望 (xīwàng) helps you choose the right word for the right level of intensity and formality.

期望 (qīwàng): Expectation. This is more formal and usually comes from a person in a higher position (parent, boss) towards someone else.

父母对孩子有很大的期望。(Parents have high expectations for their children.)

While '希望' is a general wish, '期望' carries the weight of responsibility. If you fail a '希望', it's a pity; if you fail a '期望', it's a disappointment.

盼望 (pànwàng): To look forward to; to long for. This is more emotional and implies a sense of waiting or yearning.

她盼望着假期。(She is longing for the holidays.)

愿望 (yuànwàng): A wish; a desire. This is almost always a noun. It refers to a specific goal or dream you want to achieve.

我的愿望是环游世界。(My wish is to travel around the world.)

In summary: Use '希望' for general hoping, '期望' for formal expectations, '盼望' for emotional longing, and '愿望' for specific dreams.

大家期盼着和平。(Everyone looks forward to peace - very formal/literary.)

How Formal Is It?

격식체

비격식체

난이도

알아야 할 문법

수준별 예문

我希望你快乐。

I hope you are happy.

Subject + 希望 + Clause

他希望明天不下雨。

He hopes it doesn't rain tomorrow.

Negative clause after '希望'

我们希望去中国。

We hope to go to China.

希望 + Verb Phrase

我希望你能来。

I hope you can come.

Using '能' (can) for possibility

老师希望我们努力。

The teacher hopes we work hard.

Social expectation

你希望吃什么？

What do you hope to eat?

Question form (though '想' is more common here)

我希望每天都是星期天。

I hope every day is Sunday.

Expressing an ideal state

爸爸希望我早点回家。

Dad hopes I come home early.

Family expectation

我希望今年能学好汉语。

I hope to learn Chinese well this year.

Time phrase + 希望

他不希望别人知道这件事。

He doesn't hope/want others to know this.

Negative '不希望'

这个工作很有希望。

This job is very promising.

希望 as a noun (promising)

我希望你能帮我一个忙。

I hope you can do me a favor.

Polite request

我们希望比赛能赢。

We hope to win the match.

Collective hope

你对他还有希望吗？

Do you still have hope for him?

对...有希望 (to have hope for...)

我真希望我有一辆车。

I really hope I have a car.

真希望 (really hope)

希望你旅途愉快。

Hope you have a pleasant journey.

Common well-wish

我希望能尽快收到您的回复。

I hope to receive your reply as soon as possible.

Formal email style

这孩子是全家人的希望。

This child is the hope of the whole family.

希望 as a noun (personified)

我们不应该放弃任何希望。

We should not give up any hope.

放弃希望 (give up hope)

我希望你能理解我的决定。

I hope you can understand my decision.

Expressing personal stance

虽然很难，但我还抱有一丝希望。

Although it's hard, I still hold a glimmer of hope.

抱有一丝希望 (idiomatic)

希望如此，这样我们就不用担心了。

I hope so, then we won't have to worry.

希望如此 (I hope so)

医生说病人康复的希望很大。

The doctor said the patient has a great hope of recovery.

Noun usage in medical context

我希望通过这次机会锻炼自己。

I hope to improve myself through this opportunity.

Professional goal

我们将所有的希望都寄托在他身上。

We placed all our hopes on him.

寄托希望 (place hope on)

这种新药给患者带来了新的希望。

This new medicine has brought new hope to patients.

带来希望 (bring hope)

我希望双方能够达成共识。

I hope both sides can reach a consensus.

Diplomatic/Formal usage

他是一个充满希望的年轻人。

He is a young man full of hope.

充满希望 (full of hope)

由于缺乏资金，这个项目已经没有希望了。

Due to lack of funds, this project no longer has any hope.

没有希望 (hopeless)

我希望能为社会做出一点贡献。

I hope to make a small contribution to society.

Altruistic expression

在这个关键时刻，我们不能失去希望。

At this critical moment, we cannot lose hope.

失去希望 (lose hope)

希望你能认真考虑我的建议。

I hope you can seriously consider my suggestion.

Polite persuasion

教育是改变贫困地区命运的唯一希望。

Education is the only hope to change the fate of impoverished areas.

Hope as a socio-political concept

尽管前路漫漫，他依然满怀希望地前行。

Despite the long road ahead, he still moves forward full of hope.

满怀希望 (full of hope - literary)

我们绝不能辜负人民的希望。

We must never fail the people's hopes.

辜负希望 (fail/let down hope)

这一政策的实施，让人们看到了改革的希望。

The implementation of this policy allowed people to see the hope of reform.

Abstract noun usage

他把希望寄托在下一代身上。

He pins his hopes on the next generation.

Cultural theme of lineage

在绝望中寻找希望，是人生的真谛。

Finding hope in despair is the true meaning of life.

Philosophical contrast

我希望通过此举能引起社会对环境问题的关注。

I hope this action will draw social attention to environmental issues.

Complex intentionality

希望之光虽然微弱，却能照亮黑暗。

Though the light of hope is faint, it can illuminate the darkness.

Metaphorical usage

希望工程不仅改变了无数孩子的命运，更重塑了社会的公益意识。

Project Hope has not only changed the fates of countless children but also reshaped social awareness of public welfare.

Proper noun and historical context

鲁迅曾言：'希望是附丽于存在的'。

Lu Xun once said: 'Hope is attached to existence'.

Literary quotation

在宏大的历史叙事中，个人的希望往往显得微不足道。

In grand historical narratives, individual hopes often seem insignificant.

Academic/Philosophical register

这种看似渺茫的希望，却是支撑他活下去的唯一动力。

This seemingly slim hope was the only motivation keeping him alive.

渺茫的希望 (slim hope)

我们所希望的，是一个更加公平正义的世界。

What we hope for is a more fair and just world.

Nominalized '希望' clause

他那双充满希望的眼睛，仿佛能洞穿未来的迷雾。

His hopeful eyes seemed able to pierce through the mist of the future.

Poetic description

希望与恐惧往往是并存的。

Hope and fear often coexist.

Abstract conceptual pairing

在这个充满变数的时代，希望是我们最宝贵的财富。

In this era of variables, hope is our most precious wealth.

Metaphorical conclusion

자주 쓰는 조합

充满希望 (Full of hope)

抱有希望 (Hold hope)

寄托希望 (Place hope in)

看到希望 (See hope)

失去希望 (Lose hope)

放弃希望 (Give up hope)

一丝希望 (A glimmer of hope)

唯一的希望 (The only hope)

很大的希望 (Great hope)

渺茫的希望 (Slim hope)

자주 쓰는 구문

希望如此 (I hope so)

希望工程 (Project Hope)

希望小学 (Hope Primary School)

满怀希望 (Full of hope)

大有希望 (Very promising)

没希望了 (No hope left)

寄予厚望 (Place high expectations)

燃起希望 (Ignite hope)

破灭的希望 (Shattered hope)

未来的希望 (Hope for the future)

자주 혼동되는 단어

希望 vs 愿望

愿望 is usually a noun (a wish), while 希望 is both.

希望 vs 期望

期望 is more formal and implies expectation from a superior.

希望 vs 想

想 is 'to want' (immediate), 希望 is 'to hope' (future/optimistic).

관용어 및 표현

혼동하기 쉬운

希望 vs

문장 패턴

사용법

verb vs noun

As a verb, it takes a clause. As a noun, it can be an object of '有' or '失去'.

negative form

'不希望' is used for 'don't want/hope', but '没希望' means 'hopeless'.

자주 하는 실수

Hope cannot be used for past events.
Hope is for aspirations, not immediate cravings.
Do not use 'le' with 'hope'.
Incorrect way to say 'I hope so'.
Avoid over-modifying 'hope' with simple adjectives like 'big'.

팁

Verb + Clause

Always remember that '希望' is usually followed by a full thought or sentence, not just a single word.

Social Softener

Use '希望' to make your requests sound more like a wish than a demand, which is very polite in Chinese culture.

Noun Usage

When using it as a noun, common verbs to pair it with are '有' (have), '失去' (lose), and '看到' (see).

Email Closings

A common way to end a professional email is '希望能得到您的支持' (Hope to get your support).

I Hope So

Memorize '希望如此' as a single block. It's the most natural way to say 'I hope so' in conversation.

Tone Check

Pay attention to the 4th tone on 'wàng'. If you say it with a flat tone, it might be misunderstood.

Visualizing Hope

Visualize the character '望' as someone looking over a wall to see what's coming. That's hope!

Idiom Usage

Learn '喜出望外' (joy beyond hope) to describe a very happy surprise.

No 'Le'

Never add '了' after '希望'. Hope is a state of mind, not a finished action.

Global Hope

In international news, '希望' is used to express diplomatic desires for peace or cooperation.

암기하기

어원

The character 希 originally meant 'rare' or 'sparse'. 望 originally depicted a person standing on a hill looking at the moon, meaning 'to gaze' or 'to expect'. Together, they imply looking toward something rare or desired.

문화적 맥락

Using '希望' in requests makes you sound polite and less demanding.

The term was popularized in modern education movements in the early 20th century.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

대화 시작하기

"你希望明年去哪里旅游？"

"你对未来有什么希望？"

"你希望你的汉语达到什么水平？"

"你希望今天晚饭吃什么？"

"你希望你的朋友是什么样的人？"

일기 주제

写一写你对明年的三个希望。

描述一个让你感到有希望的时刻。

如果你可以实现一个愿望，你希望是什么？

为什么希望对人类很重要？

谈谈你对中国文化的希望。

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No. '希望' cannot be used with '了' and it usually takes a clause, not a simple noun object. Say '我希望我有一辆车'.

希望 is a verb and noun (to hope/hope). 愿望 is primarily a noun (a wish/dream).

Use the fixed phrase '希望如此' (Xīwàng rúcǐ).

It is neutral. It can be used in both casual talk and formal letters.

No. It is only for future or present possibilities. For the past, use '要是...就好了'.

'没希望' means 'no hope' (objective). '绝望' means 'despair' (subjective/emotional).

Yes, but '我真希望' or '我非常希望' sounds more natural.

It refers to schools built by a specific charity to help poor children.

No, they are different characters and different tones (4th vs 2nd).

Yes, in a soft way. For strong expectations, use '要求' or '期望'.