侄女 30초 만에
- 侄女 (zhí nǚ) = paternal niece (brother's daughter).
- Specific term for brother's daughter, not sister's.
- Essential for clear Chinese family relation terms.
- Distinguish from 外甥女 (maternal niece).
- Meaning
- The Chinese word 侄女 (zhí nǚ) specifically refers to a niece who is the daughter of one's brother. In Chinese kinship terms, the relationship is always specified by whether the relation is through the paternal or maternal side of the family. This term is exclusively used for the daughter of a brother.
- Usage
- This term is used in everyday conversations when discussing family members. For example, you might hear someone say, 'My brother's daughter is coming to visit,' and they would use 侄女 to refer to her. It's a direct and precise term that avoids ambiguity in family structures. It is common to use this term when talking about your siblings' children, especially if you have brothers. The distinction between paternal and maternal relatives is very important in traditional Chinese culture and language, and 侄女 is a clear example of this. You might use it when introducing your family, discussing family gatherings, or when someone asks about your relatives. For instance, if someone asks about your nephews and nieces, you might clarify, 'I have a nephew and a 侄女.' This term is part of a larger system of kinship vocabulary that reflects the importance of lineage and family ties in Chinese society.
- Cultural Significance
- In traditional Chinese society, the paternal line often held more prominence. While this has evolved, the language still reflects these historical structures. The term 侄女 is a direct descendant of this system, clearly marking the relationship as coming from the father's side of the family. Understanding these terms is crucial for comprehending the nuances of Chinese family dynamics and social interactions. It highlights how language is deeply intertwined with cultural values and societal organization. The precision in kinship terms allows for a clear understanding of one's place within the extended family network, which is a cornerstone of Chinese social fabric. The term is used across different age groups and in various social settings, from casual chats to more formal family discussions.
My brother's daughter is very cute. My 侄女 is very cute.
I haven't seen my 侄女 in a long time.
She is my father's brother's daughter, so she is my 侄女.
My 侄女 is studying abroad.
We are having a family reunion, and my 侄女 will be there.
- Introducing Family
- When introducing your family members, you can use 侄女 to clearly state the relationship. For example, 'This is my brother's daughter, my 侄女.' This is useful in social gatherings where family connections are being discussed.
- Talking About Siblings' Children
- If you have brothers, you will likely use 侄女 when talking about their children. For instance, 'My brother has two children, a son and a 侄女.' This is a common way to refer to your nieces from your brothers' side.
- Describing Family Events
- When discussing family events like weddings, birthdays, or holidays, you might mention who will be attending. 'My 侄女 will be coming to the reunion,' is a natural way to include her in the discussion.
- Asking About Relatives
- If someone asks about your family, you can use 侄女 to describe your relatives. For example, 'I have several nieces, including my brother's daughter, my 侄女.' This provides specific information about your family structure.
- Expressing Affection
- You can also use 侄女 when expressing affection towards your brother's daughter. 'I love my 侄女 very much,' is a common sentiment expressed by aunts and uncles.
This is my younger brother's daughter, my 侄女.
My 侄女 is learning to play the piano.
I received a beautiful drawing from my 侄女.
How old is your 侄女?
My brother is very proud of his daughter, my 侄女.
- Family Gatherings
- During Chinese New Year, family reunions, weddings, or birthday parties, conversations often revolve around relatives. You will frequently hear people referring to their siblings' children using precise kinship terms like 侄女. For example, an aunt might say to a guest, 'My brother's daughter, my 侄女, is a doctor now.' This highlights the importance of clearly identifying family members within the extended family structure.
- Introducing Relatives
- When introducing family members to someone new, especially in a context where family relationships are relevant, the term 侄女 is commonly used. For instance, a person might point to a young woman and say, 'She is my father's brother's daughter, so she is my 侄女.' This is a straightforward way to establish the connection.
- Conversations About Siblings
- When discussing one's brothers and their families, 侄女 is the natural term to use. A person might say, 'My brother recently visited with his daughter; my 侄女 is growing up so fast.' This shows how the term is integrated into everyday conversations about family life.
- Formal Family Trees or Records
- In more formal settings, such as when documenting family history or in official contexts, precise kinship terms are essential. 侄女 would be used to accurately denote the relationship in family trees or written genealogies.
- Discussions About Children's Education or Future
- Parents and relatives often discuss the achievements and future plans of children. You might overhear conversations like, 'My 侄女 just got accepted into a good university,' or 'We are planning a trip for my 侄女's birthday.' This demonstrates its use in discussions about the younger generation.
At the family dinner, my aunt introduced me to her brother's daughter, saying, 'This is my 侄女.'
My father was talking about his siblings, and he mentioned his younger brother's daughter, referring to her as his 侄女.
During a conversation about upcoming holidays, someone asked, 'Will your 侄女 be joining us this year?'
My uncle proudly told me about his brother's daughter's graduation, saying, 'My 侄女 has graduated!'
When discussing family photos, I heard someone say, 'This photo is of me with my brother's daughter, my 侄女.'
- Confusing with Maternal Niece
- The most common mistake is using 侄女 (zhí nǚ) for a niece who is the daughter of one's sister. The correct term for a sister's daughter is 外甥女 (wài sheng nǚ). Chinese kinship terms are very specific about whether a relative is from the paternal or maternal side of the family. Using 侄女 for a sister's daughter would be incorrect and could cause confusion about the family relationship.
- Confusing with Paternal Nephew
- Another mistake is using 侄女 to refer to a nephew who is the son of one's brother. The term for a brother's son is 侄子 (zhí zi). The gender distinction (女 for female, 子 for male) is crucial in these kinship terms.
- Overgeneralizing 'Niece'
- Learners might sometimes treat 侄女 as a general term for 'niece' without considering the paternal connection. In English, 'niece' is a single word that covers both brother's daughters and sister's daughters. However, in Chinese, these are distinct terms. Failing to differentiate can lead to inaccurate communication about family relationships.
- Incorrect Tone or Pronunciation
- While not specific to the meaning, incorrect pronunciation or tones can lead to misunderstandings. For 侄女 (zhí nǚ), the 'zhí' is a rising tone and 'nǚ' is a third tone. Mispronouncing these can result in the word sounding like another word or being difficult to understand for native speakers.
- Confusing with Aunt's Children
- It's important to remember that 侄女 refers to a brother's daughter. Children of aunts (father's sisters) or uncles (mother's brothers) have different kinship terms. For example, children of one's father's sister are cousins (堂表兄/弟/姐/妹 depending on the specific relation and gender), not 侄女.
Incorrect: My sister's daughter is my 侄女.
Correct: My sister's daughter is my 外甥女 (wài sheng nǚ).
Incorrect: My brother's son is my 侄女.
Correct: My brother's son is my 侄子 (zhí zi).
Incorrect: She is my aunt's daughter, my 侄女.
Correct: She is my aunt's daughter, my 表姐 (biǎo jiě) or 表妹 (biǎo mèi) depending on age.
- 外甥女 (wài sheng nǚ)
- Comparison: This is the most important word to contrast with 侄女 (zhí nǚ). While both mean 'niece', 外甥女 specifically refers to the daughter of one's sister (maternal niece), whereas 侄女 refers to the daughter of one's brother (paternal niece). They are mutually exclusive terms for 'niece'.
- 侄子 (zhí zi)
- Comparison: This term refers to the son of one's brother (paternal nephew). It shares the paternal lineage aspect with 侄女 but refers to a male child instead of a female child. Together, 侄子 and 侄女 cover the children of one's brothers.
- 外甥 (wài sheng)
- Comparison: This term refers to the son of one's sister (maternal nephew). Similar to how 外甥女 contrasts with 侄女, 外甥 contrasts with 侄子. They both indicate a nephew, but one is from the sister's side and the other from the brother's side.
- 表妹 (biǎo mèi) / 表姐 (biǎo jiě) / 表弟 (biǎo dì) / 表哥 (biǎo gē)
- Comparison: These terms refer to cousins. Specifically, they are children of one's aunts (father's sisters) or uncles (mother's brothers). They are distinct from 侄女 because they represent a cousin relationship, not a niece relationship. The choice between 表妹, 表姐, 表弟, and 表哥 depends on the cousin's gender and relative age compared to the speaker.
- 孙女 (sūn nǚ)
- Comparison: This term means 'granddaughter' (specifically, paternal granddaughter). It refers to the daughter of one's son. This is a generational difference from 侄女, which refers to a niece in the generation below the speaker.
- 曾孙女 (zēng sūn nǚ)
- Comparison: This term means 'great-granddaughter' (paternal). It refers to the daughter of one's grandson. This is yet another generational step further down the family line from 侄女.
- General Term: 亲戚 (qīn qi)
- Comparison: This is a general term for 'relative' or 'family member'. While 侄女 is a specific term for a paternal niece, 亲戚 is a broad category that encompasses all family members, including 侄女, parents, siblings, cousins, etc.
My brother's daughter is my 侄女 (zhí nǚ).
My sister's daughter is my 外甥女 (wài sheng nǚ).
My brother's son is my 侄子 (zhí zi).
My sister's son is my 外甥 (wài sheng).
How Formal Is It?
재미있는 사실
The character 侄 itself, when used alone, can refer to a nephew or niece. The addition of 女 (nǚ) or 子 (zi) clarifies the gender, making it 侄女 (niece) or 侄子 (nephew). This precision is characteristic of Chinese kinship terms.
발음 가이드
- Pronouncing 'zh' as 'z' or 'j'.
- Misplacing the tones, especially the third tone on 'nǚ'.
- Using an English 'r' sound instead of the Chinese 'ü' sound for 'nǚ'.
난이도
Recognizing 侄女 is straightforward once the concept of paternal vs. maternal relatives is understood. Reading it in context is generally easy for A2 learners.
Producing 侄女 correctly requires remembering the specific characters and the context of a brother's daughter. It's achievable for A2 learners with practice.
Pronouncing 侄女 with the correct tones can be a slight challenge, but the word itself is commonly encountered and practiced.
Understanding 侄女 when spoken is generally easy once the learner is familiar with Chinese kinship terms, as it's a frequently used word in family contexts.
다음에 무엇을 배울까
선수 학습
다음에 배울 것
고급
알아야 할 문법
Possessive '的' (de)
我的侄女 (wǒ de zhí nǚ) - my paternal niece. 哥哥的侄女 (gēge de zhí nǚ) - elder brother's paternal niece.
Using numbers and classifiers for plural
两个侄女 (liǎng ge zhí nǚ) - two paternal nieces. 三个侄女 (sān ge zhí nǚ) - three paternal nieces.
Subject-Verb-Object structure
我爱我的侄女 (wǒ ài wǒ de zhí nǚ) - I love my paternal niece.
Using '是' (shì) for identification
她是我的侄女 (tā shì wǒ de zhí nǚ) - She is my paternal niece.
Using '有' (yǒu) for possession
我有一个侄女 (wǒ yǒu yī ge zhí nǚ) - I have a paternal niece.
수준별 예문
我的侄女很可爱。
My paternal niece is very cute.
Simple sentence structure with subject-adjective.
我有一个侄女。
I have one paternal niece.
Using '有' (yǒu) to indicate possession.
这是我哥哥的女儿，我的侄女。
This is my elder brother's daughter, my paternal niece.
Using '的' (de) to show possession and apposition for clarification.
我的侄女今年五岁。
My paternal niece is five years old this year.
Expressing age using '今年' (jīnnián - this year) and a number.
我喜欢我的侄女。
I like my paternal niece.
Simple subject-verb-object sentence.
我的侄女在学习。
My paternal niece is studying.
Using the present continuous tense with '在' (zài).
你侄女多大了？
How old is your paternal niece?
Asking about age using '多大' (duō dà).
我侄女想去公园。
My paternal niece wants to go to the park.
Using '想' (xiǎng - want to) followed by a verb phrase.
我叔叔的女儿是我名副其实的侄女，我们关系很好。
My uncle's daughter is truly my paternal niece, we have a good relationship.
Using '名副其实' (míng fù qí shí - truly, in the real sense of the word) and expressing relationship quality.
虽然我没有兄弟，但我有一个侄女，她是我堂哥的女儿。
Although I don't have brothers, I have a paternal niece, she is my cousin's daughter.
Using '虽然...但...' (suīrán...dàn... - although...but...) and explaining a more distant paternal relation.
我的侄女非常聪明，学习成绩一直很好。
My paternal niece is very intelligent, her academic performance has always been very good.
Using adjectives like '聪明' (cōngmíng - intelligent) and describing academic achievement.
每年过年，我都会去看望我的侄女和侄子。
Every year during Chinese New Year, I will visit my paternal niece and nephew.
Using time phrases like '每年过年' (měi nián guò nián - every year during Chinese New Year) and '看望' (kànwàng - visit).
我侄女的父母经常出差，所以她大部分时间由我们照顾。
My paternal niece's parents often travel for business, so she spends most of her time being looked after by us.
Using '经常' (jīngcháng - often), '出差' (chūchāi - business trip), and '照顾' (zhàogù - look after).
她是我父亲的弟弟的女儿，也就是我的侄女。
She is my father's younger brother's daughter, which means she is my paternal niece.
Clarifying relationship through paternal uncles using '也就是' (yě jiù shì - which means).
我为我的侄女感到骄傲，她最近获得了一个绘画比赛的奖项。
I am proud of my paternal niece, she recently won an award in a drawing competition.
Expressing pride using '为...感到骄傲' (wèi...gǎndào jiāo'ào) and describing an achievement.
希望我的侄女将来能成为一名优秀的医生。
I hope my paternal niece can become an excellent doctor in the future.
Expressing future hopes using '希望' (xīwàng - hope) and '将来' (jiānglái - in the future).
在传统的家庭观念中，侄女扮演着连接父系亲属的重要角色。
In traditional family concepts, the paternal niece plays an important role in connecting paternal relatives.
Using abstract nouns like '家庭观念' (jiātíng guānniàn - family concepts) and '父系亲属' (fùxì qīnshǔ - paternal relatives).
尽管现代社会观念有所变化，但称谓上的区分，如侄女与外甥女，依然保留着其文化意义。
Although modern societal concepts have changed, the distinction in address terms, like paternal niece and maternal niece, still retains its cultural significance.
Using phrases like '尽管...但...' (jǐnguǎn...dàn... - although...but...) and '保留着其文化意义' (bǎoliú zhe qí wénhuà yìyì - retains its cultural significance).
我经常鼓励我的侄女要勇于尝试新事物，不要害怕失败。
I often encourage my paternal niece to bravely try new things and not be afraid of failure.
Using verbs like '鼓励' (gǔlì - encourage) and phrases like '勇于尝试' (yǒngyú chángshì - bravely try) and '不要害怕' (búyào hàipà - don't be afraid).
我们家族的聚会，总少不了我那位活泼可爱的侄女的身影。
In our family gatherings, the presence of my lively and lovely paternal niece is always indispensable.
Using idiomatic expressions like '总少不了...的身影' (zǒng shǎo bu liǎo... de shēnyǐng - indispensable, always present) and descriptive adjectives.
她不仅是我的侄女，更是我人生道路上的一个重要精神支柱。
She is not only my paternal niece, but more importantly, an important spiritual pillar on my life's path.
Using parallel structures '不仅...更是...' (bùjǐn...gèng shì...) and metaphorical language '精神支柱' (jīngshén zhīzhù - spiritual pillar).
为了给我的侄女提供更好的教育资源，我的哥哥和嫂子不惜代价。
In order to provide better educational resources for my paternal niece, my brother and sister-in-law spare no expense.
Using purpose clauses with '为了' (wèile) and phrases like '不惜代价' (bù xī dàijià - spare no expense).
我侄女对中国传统文化表现出浓厚的兴趣，这让我感到非常欣慰。
My paternal niece shows a strong interest in traditional Chinese culture, which makes me feel very gratified.
Using phrases like '表现出浓厚的兴趣' (biǎoxiàn chū nónghòu de xìngqù - show a strong interest) and '感到欣慰' (gǎndào xīnwèi - feel gratified).
家族长辈们常常会给予侄女一些人生建议，指导她如何面对未来的挑战。
Family elders often give paternal nieces some life advice, guiding her on how to face future challenges.
Using verbs like '给予' (jǐyǔ - give) and '指导' (zhǐdǎo - guide), and discussing life challenges.
在探讨中国传统家庭结构时，侄女作为父系血亲的延伸，其称谓承载了丰富的历史信息。
When discussing traditional Chinese family structures, the paternal niece, as an extension of paternal kin, carries rich historical information in her title.
Using academic vocabulary like '探讨' (tàntǎo - discuss/explore), '家庭结构' (jiātíng jiégòu - family structure), '父系血亲' (fùxì xuèqīn - paternal kin), and '承载了丰富的历史信息' (chéngzài le fēngfù de lìshǐ xìnxī - carries rich historical information).
全球化背景下，尽管跨代际沟通可能出现障碍，但叔伯对侄女的关怀和期望，依然是维系家庭情感的重要纽带。
In the context of globalization, although intergenerational communication may present obstacles, the care and expectations that paternal uncles have for their paternal nieces remain an important bond in maintaining family affection.
Using complex sentence structures, abstract concepts like '全球化背景' (quánqiúhuà bèijǐng - context of globalization), '跨代际沟通' (kuà dài jì gōutōng - intergenerational communication), and '维系家庭情感' (wéixì jiātíng qínggǎn - maintain family affection).
我常常反思，作为长辈，我给予侄女的教育和引导是否足够，能否帮助她建立健全的人格。
I often reflect on whether the education and guidance I provide to my paternal niece as an elder are sufficient, and whether it can help her establish a sound personality.
Using reflexive verbs like '反思' (fǎnsī - reflect) and complex conditional clauses, discussing personal development ('健全的人格' - jiànquán de réngé - sound personality).
她不仅是一位才华横溢的侄女，更是家族文化传承的潜在接班人，肩负着不可推卸的责任。
She is not only a talented paternal niece, but also a potential successor to the family's cultural heritage, bearing inescapable responsibilities.
Employing sophisticated vocabulary like '才华横溢' (cáihuá héngyì - talented), '家族文化传承' (jiāzú wénhuà chuánchéng - family cultural heritage), '潜在接班人' (qiánzài jiēbānrén - potential successor), and '不可推卸的责任' (bùkě tuīxiè de zérèn - inescapable responsibility).
每逢佳节，侄女总会精心准备一份小礼物，这份心意足以融化任何隔阂。
On every festive occasion, the paternal niece always meticulously prepares a small gift; this thoughtfulness is enough to melt away any estrangement.
Using literary language like '每逢佳节' (měi féng jiājié - on every festive occasion), '精心准备' (jīngxīn zhǔnbèi - meticulously prepare), and metaphorical expressions like '融化任何隔阂' (rónghuà rènhé géhé - melt away any estrangement).
在她身上，我看到了父系家族的延续和希望，这份血脉的传承是对生命最美好的诠释。
In her, I see the continuation and hope of the paternal lineage; this inheritance of bloodline is the most beautiful interpretation of life.
Using profound philosophical language like '延续和希望' (yánxù hé xīwàng - continuation and hope), '血脉的传承' (xuèmài de chuánchéng - inheritance of bloodline), and '对生命最美好的诠释' (duì shēngmìng zuì měihǎo de quánshì - the most beautiful interpretation of life).
面对日益复杂的社会环境，我希望我的侄女能够保持独立思考的能力，不盲从，不迷失。
Facing an increasingly complex social environment, I hope my paternal niece can maintain the ability to think independently, not blindly follow, and not get lost.
Discussing societal challenges and personal agency using phrases like '日益复杂的社会环境' (rìyì fùzá de shèhuì huánjìng - increasingly complex social environment), '独立思考的能力' (dúlì sīkǎo de nénglì - ability to think independently), and '不盲从，不迷失' (bù mángcóng, bù míshī - not blindly follow, not get lost).
家族的荣耀与责任，在她身上得到了某种程度的体现，这既是激励，也是一种无形的约束。
The family's glory and responsibility are reflected in her to some extent; this is both an encouragement and a form of intangible restraint.
Using abstract concepts like '家族的荣耀与责任' (jiāzú de róngyào yǔ zérèn - family's glory and responsibility), '某种程度的体现' (mǒu zhǒng chéngdù de tǐxiàn - reflected to some extent), and paradoxes like '激励，也是一种无形的约束' (jīlì, yěshì yī zhǒng wúxíng de yuēshù - encouragement, and also a form of intangible restraint).
纵观中国传统宗法社会，侄女一词的内涵远超简单的血缘称谓，它象征着父权体系下女性的特定角色定位与家族延续的期望。
Looking across traditional Chinese patriarchal society, the connotation of the term 'paternal niece' far exceeds a simple blood relation title; it symbolizes the specific role positioning of women under the patriarchal system and the expectations for family continuation.
Employing highly formal and academic language: '纵观' (zòngguān - look across/review), '宗法社会' (zōngfǎ shèhuì - patriarchal society), '内涵远超' (nèihán yuǎn chāo - connotation far exceeds), '血缘称谓' (xuèyuán chēngwèi - blood relation title), '父权体系' (fùquán tǐxì - patriarchal system), '角色定位' (juésè dìngwèi - role positioning), '家族延续的期望' (jiāzú yánxù de qīwàng - expectations for family continuation).
在全球化浪潮的冲击下，传统称谓体系面临解构与重塑，然而，侄女作为承载着父系传承印记的词汇，其文化基因的韧性不容忽视。
Under the impact of the wave of globalization, the traditional appellation system faces deconstruction and reconstruction; however, the term 'paternal niece,' as a vocabulary carrying the imprint of paternal inheritance, its cultural genetic resilience cannot be ignored.
Utilizing sophisticated terminology: '全球化浪潮的冲击' (quánqiúhuà làngcháo de chōngjī - impact of the wave of globalization), '称谓体系' (chēngwèi tǐxì - appellation system), '解构与重塑' (jiěgòu yǔ chóngsù - deconstruction and reconstruction), '承载着...印记' (chéngzài zhe...yìnjì - carrying the imprint of...), '文化基因的韧性' (wénhuà jīyīn de rènxìng - cultural genetic resilience), '不容忽视' (bùróng hūshì - cannot be ignored).
我时常在姪女纯真的眼眸中，窥见家族历代相传的智慧与坚韧，那是超越物质的馈赠，是精神层面的血脉延续。
I often glimpse in my paternal niece's innocent eyes the wisdom and resilience passed down through generations of our family; that is a gift beyond material possessions, a continuation of the bloodline on a spiritual level.
Employing evocative and poetic language: '时常' (shícháng - often/frequently), '姪女' (zhí nǚ - an older, more formal variant of 侄女), '纯真的眼眸' (chúnzhēn de yǎnmóu - innocent eyes), '窥见' (kuījiàn - glimpse/perceive), '历代相传' (lìdài xiāngchuán - passed down through generations), '超越物质的馈赠' (chāoyuè wùzhí de kuìzèng - gift beyond material possessions), '精神层面的血脉延续' (jīngshén céngmiàn de xuèmài yánxù - continuation of bloodline on a spiritual level).
对于侄女的成长，我秉持着既不溺爱也不放任的审慎态度，旨在培养其独立自主的品格，使其未来能在复杂环境中安身立命。
Regarding the growth of my paternal niece, I adhere to a cautious attitude of neither spoiling nor neglecting, aiming to cultivate her independent character, so that she can establish herself and find her place in a complex environment in the future.
Using precise and nuanced vocabulary: '秉持着' (bǐngchí zhe - adhere to/uphold), '溺爱' (nì'ài - spoil), '放任' (fàngrèn - neglect/let go), '审慎态度' (shěnshèn tàidù - cautious attitude), '旨在' (zhǐ zài - aim to), '独立自主的品格' (dúlì zìzhǔ de pǐngé - independent character), '安身立命' (ānshēn lì mìng - establish oneself and find one's place).
家族的传统与现代的价值观在她身上实现了某种程度的融合，使得她既能尊重长辈，又能拥抱新知，成为连接过去与未来的桥梁。
The family's traditions and modern values have been integrated in her to some extent, enabling her to both respect elders and embrace new knowledge, becoming a bridge connecting the past and the future.
Complex sentence structure with abstract concepts: '传统与现代的价值观' (chuántǒng yǔ xiàndài de jiàzhíguān - traditions and modern values), '某种程度的融合' (mǒu zhǒng chéngdù de rónghé - integration to some extent), '尊重长辈' (zūnzhòng zhǎngbèi - respect elders), '拥抱新知' (yǒngbào xīnzhī - embrace new knowledge), '连接过去与未来的桥梁' (liánjiē guòqù yǔ wèilái de qiáoliáng - bridge connecting the past and the future).
侄女的成长轨迹，折射出当代中国女性在家庭与社会变迁中所扮演的多重角色及其内在张力。
The growth trajectory of the paternal niece reflects the multiple roles played by contemporary Chinese women amidst family and societal changes, and their inherent tensions.
Academic and analytical language: '成长轨迹' (chéngzhǎng guǐjì - growth trajectory), '折射出' (zhéshè chū - reflect/refract), '当代中国女性' (dāngdài zhōngguó nǚxìng - contemporary Chinese women), '家庭与社会变迁' (jiātíng yǔ shèhuì biànqiān - family and societal changes), '多重角色' (duōchóng juésè - multiple roles), '内在张力' (nèizài zhānglì - inherent tensions).
我期望姪女能以其独特的视角和才情，为家族的文化传承注入新的活力，而非仅仅墨守成规。
I expect my paternal niece to inject new vitality into the family's cultural inheritance with her unique perspective and talent, rather than merely adhering to old conventions.
Sophisticated phrasing: '期望' (qīwàng - expect), '独特的视角和才情' (dútè de shìjiǎo hé cáiqíng - unique perspective and talent), '注入新的活力' (zhùrù xīn de huólì - inject new vitality), '墨守成规' (mòshǒu chéngguī - rigidly adhere to conventions).
在复杂的亲属关系网络中，姪女的定位既是晚辈的顺从，也蕴含着未来家族凝聚力的潜在支撑。
Within the complex network of kinship relations, the positioning of the paternal niece is both the obedience of a junior and also contains potential support for future family cohesion.
Analytical and formal language: '复杂的亲属关系网络' (fùzá de qīnshǔ guānxì wǎngluò - complex network of kinship relations), '定位' (dìngwèi - positioning), '晚辈的顺从' (wǎnbèi de shùncóng - obedience of a junior), '蕴含着' (yùnhán zhe - contain/imply), '家族凝聚力' (jiāzú níngjùlì - family cohesion), '潜在支撑' (qiánzài zhīchēng - potential support).
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
— My paternal niece (daughter of my brother).
这是我的侄女，她叫小红。
— Your paternal niece (daughter of your brother).
你侄女多大了？
— Elder brother's paternal niece.
我哥哥的侄女非常聪明。
— Uncle's (father's younger brother) paternal niece.
叔叔的侄女今天来看我了。
— Paternal niece and paternal nephew (brother's children).
我们家族的侄女和侄子们都很有出息。
자주 혼동되는 단어
This is the most common confusion. 侄女 is brother's daughter, while 外甥女 is sister's daughter. The distinction is crucial.
These refer to cousins (children of aunts/uncles), not nieces. 侄女 is a generation below the speaker.
This refers to a granddaughter (son's daughter), which is two generations below the speaker, unlike 侄女 which is one generation below.
혼동하기 쉬운
Both refer to a niece.
侄女 specifically refers to a brother's daughter (paternal niece). 外甥女 refers to a sister's daughter (maternal niece). The distinction is based on the sibling of the parent.
我哥哥的女儿是我的侄女，但我姐姐的女儿是我的外甥女。
Both refer to a nephew.
侄女 refers to a brother's daughter (female), while 侄子 refers to a brother's son (male). Both are from the paternal side.
我有一个侄女和一个侄子。
Both are cousins.
侄女 is a niece (brother's daughter). 表妹/表姐/表弟/表哥 are cousins (children of aunts or uncles). The generational level is the same, but the direct parental link is different.
我叔叔的女儿是我的表姐，而不是我的侄女。
Both refer to granddaughters.
侄女 is a niece (brother's daughter). 孙女 is a granddaughter (son's daughter). This is a generational difference; 孙女 is two generations below the speaker.
我的儿子有一个女儿，那是我的孙女，不是侄女。
Both are nieces.
侄女 is a paternal niece (brother's daughter). 姨妈的女儿 (yímā de nǚ'ér - aunt's daughter) or 姑姑的女儿 (gūgu de nǚ'ér - aunt's daughter) are cousins (表姐妹).
我姑姑的女儿是我的表姐妹，不是我的侄女。
문장 패턴
Subject + 有 + [Number] + 个 + 侄女.
我有一个侄女。
这是 + 我的/你的/他的 + 侄女.
这是我的侄女。
Subject + 的 + 侄女 + [Verb Phrase].
我的侄女在学习。
Subject + 是 + [Relation] + 的 + 女儿.
她是哥哥的女儿。
Subject + 为 + [Person] + 感到 + [Emotion].
我为我的侄女感到骄傲。
Subject + 经常 + [Action] + 侄女.
我经常看望我的侄女。
尽管 + [Condition], 但 + [Result].
尽管我没有兄弟，但我有一个侄女。
Subject + 旨在 + [Goal].
我旨在培养侄女独立思考的能力。
어휘 가족
명사
관련
사용법
Common in contexts related to family.
-
Using 侄女 for a sister's daughter.
→
外甥女 (wài sheng nǚ)
侄女 specifically refers to a brother's daughter. The daughter of a sister is called 外甥女. This is a crucial distinction in Chinese kinship.
-
Using 侄女 for a nephew.
→
侄子 (zhí zi)
侄女 refers to a female child (daughter). For a male child (son) of your brother, the term is 侄子.
-
Confusing 侄女 with cousins (e.g., 表姐妹).
→
表姐妹 (biǎo jiěmèi) or 表兄/弟/姐/妹.
侄女 is a niece (your brother's child), while cousins are children of your aunts or uncles. The generational relationship is the same, but the direct lineage is different.
-
Mispronouncing the tones.
→
zhí (rising tone) nǚ (falling-rising tone).
Incorrect tones can change the meaning of the word or make it difficult to understand. Pay close attention to the tones of both syllables.
-
Treating 侄女 as a general term for 'niece'.
→
Use 侄女 for brother's daughter and 外甥女 for sister's daughter.
English 'niece' is general. Chinese requires specificity based on paternal or maternal lineage. Failing to differentiate leads to inaccuracies.
팁
Master the Tones
The tones for 侄女 (zhí nǚ) are crucial. 'Zhí' is a rising tone, and 'nǚ' is a falling-rising tone. Practice saying them repeatedly and listen to native speakers to get them right.
Paternal vs. Maternal
Always remember that 侄女 is paternal (brother's daughter). The maternal equivalent (sister's daughter) is 外甥女. Memorizing this distinction is key to using kinship terms correctly.
Visual Associations
Create a mental image: imagine your brother and his daughter. Connect the 'zhí' sound to the brother's side and 'nǚ' to the girl. This visual cue can aid recall.
Plural Forms
For plurals like 'two paternal nieces', you don't change the word 侄女. Instead, you use numbers and classifiers: 两个侄女 (liǎng ge zhí nǚ).
Family Importance
Chinese culture places a high value on family ties. Understanding precise kinship terms like 侄女 reflects this cultural emphasis on clearly defined relationships within the extended family.
Sentence Building
Construct your own sentences using 侄女. Try simple ones like '我有一个侄女' and then more complex ones describing her activities or your relationship with her.
Contrast with 外甥女
Actively compare 侄女 (brother's daughter) with 外甥女 (sister's daughter). Write them down side-by-side and test yourself to ensure you can differentiate them.
Role-Playing
Imagine you are introducing your brother's daughter. Practice saying '这是我哥哥的女儿，我的侄女。' (This is my elder brother's daughter, my paternal niece.)
Regular Revision
Periodically review the meaning and usage of 侄女 along with related kinship terms to solidify your understanding and prevent confusion.
암기하기
기억법
Think of 'zhí' sounding like 'jeez' (as in 'jeez, my brother's daughter is here!') and 'nǚ' sounding like 'new' (she's new to the family!). So, 'Jeez, my brother's new girl!'
시각적 연상
Picture a brother (perhaps wearing a 'B' for Brother) holding a little girl who is wearing a 'N' for Niece. The 'zhí' sound can be associated with a quick, slightly surprised exclamation.
Word Web
챌린지
Try to use '侄女' in sentences when talking about fictional characters or hypothetical family situations. For example, 'My friend has a brother, and he has a daughter. That daughter is my friend's 侄女.'
어원
The character 侄 (zhí) originates from the radical 彳 (chì), meaning 'foot' or 'step', combined with dix. The character 女 (nǚ) means 'woman' or 'girl'. Together, they denote a female relative from the paternal side.
원래 의미: The character 侄 originally referred to a nephew or niece related through the brother. The addition of 女 specifies the gender as female.
Sino-Tibetan문화적 맥락
While 侄女 is a standard kinship term, it's important to use it correctly. Misusing it could inadvertently imply a different family relationship, which might be sensitive or confusing in certain contexts. Always ensure the relationship is indeed through a brother.
In English, 'niece' is a general term for a brother's or sister's daughter. The detailed distinction found in Chinese is not present in the English vocabulary.
실생활에서 연습하기
실제 사용 상황
Family gatherings and introductions
- 这是我哥哥的女儿，我的侄女。
- 我有很多侄女。
- 我的侄女今天来我们家了。
Talking about siblings and their children
- 我哥哥的女儿很可爱。
- 你侄女多大了？
- 我侄女正在上小学。
Describing family members in general conversation
- 我的亲戚里，侄女是最活泼的。
- 她是我叔叔的侄女。
- 我侄女生日快到了。
Formal or academic discussions about kinship
- 在父系社会中，侄女的称谓有其特定含义。
- 与外甥女不同，侄女是来自兄长一方的亲属。
Expressing affection or pride
- 我为我的侄女感到骄傲。
- 我非常喜欢我的侄女。
- 我的侄女是个乖孩子。
대화 시작하기
"Do you have any brothers or sisters? If so, do you have any nieces or nephews?"
"In your culture, how are family relationships typically described? Are there specific terms for paternal vs. maternal relatives?"
"When you meet someone's family, how do you usually navigate the different relationships?"
"Imagine you're introducing your brother's daughter to a friend. What would you say in Chinese?"
"Can you think of a situation where knowing the precise term for a family member, like 侄女, would be very important?"
일기 주제
Write a short paragraph describing your ideal relationship with your paternal niece (or imagine having one).
Compare and contrast the Chinese term 侄女 with the English word 'niece'. What are the key differences and similarities?
Describe a family gathering you've attended. Who were the key people, and how were their relationships described?
If you were to create a family tree, how would you label the relationship between you and your brother's daughter?
Reflect on the importance of specific kinship terms in maintaining family connections.
자주 묻는 질문
10 질문The key difference lies in the sibling of the parent. 侄女 (zhí nǚ) is your brother's daughter (paternal niece). 外甥女 (wài sheng nǚ) is your sister's daughter (maternal niece). This distinction is very important in Chinese kinship terms.
No, 侄女 is very specific. It can only be used for the daughter of your brother. For a sister's daughter, you must use 外甥女. Using 侄女 for a sister's daughter would be incorrect.
Chinese kinship terms do not typically change form for plurals. You would use context or add numbers and classifiers. For example, '两个侄女' (liǎng ge zhí nǚ) means 'two paternal nieces'.
侄女 is a standard kinship term and can be used in both formal and informal contexts when discussing family relationships. Its usage is neutral and descriptive.
Both 侄女 (zhí nǚ) and 侄子 (zhí zi) refer to children of your brother. 侄女 is the daughter (paternal niece), and 侄子 is the son (paternal nephew).
Yes, the use of 侄女 implies a patrilineal connection. It highlights the importance of the paternal line in traditional Chinese society and language, clearly identifying the niece through her father's lineage.
The pronunciation is zhí nǚ. The 'zhí' has a rising tone (like asking a question), and 'nǚ' has a falling-rising tone (like a dip and then a rise). Practice these tones carefully.
No, 侄女 is strictly for your brother's daughter. Your cousin's daughter would be considered a cousin (表姐妹 - biǎo jiěmèi) or potentially a niece depending on specific family structures and regional variations, but not 侄女.
The closest English equivalent is 'paternal niece' or simply 'niece' when the context makes it clear it's from the brother's side.
Yes, related terms include 侄子 (paternal nephew), 外甥女 (maternal niece), and 外甥 (maternal nephew), which help to distinguish relationships through the paternal and maternal lines.
셀프 테스트 10 질문
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Perfect score!
Summary
侄女 (zhí nǚ) is the precise Chinese term for a brother's daughter, crucial for understanding paternal lineage in family relations, distinguishing it from a sister's daughter (外甥女).
- 侄女 (zhí nǚ) = paternal niece (brother's daughter).
- Specific term for brother's daughter, not sister's.
- Essential for clear Chinese family relation terms.
- Distinguish from 外甥女 (maternal niece).
Master the Tones
The tones for 侄女 (zhí nǚ) are crucial. 'Zhí' is a rising tone, and 'nǚ' is a falling-rising tone. Practice saying them repeatedly and listen to native speakers to get them right.
Paternal vs. Maternal
Always remember that 侄女 is paternal (brother's daughter). The maternal equivalent (sister's daughter) is 外甥女. Memorizing this distinction is key to using kinship terms correctly.
Context is Key
While 侄女 is specific, listen to how native speakers use it in conversations. This will help you understand the nuances and typical contexts in which it appears, such as family gatherings or discussions about siblings.
Visual Associations
Create a mental image: imagine your brother and his daughter. Connect the 'zhí' sound to the brother's side and 'nǚ' to the girl. This visual cue can aid recall.
관련 콘텐츠
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住址
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认错
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收养
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养子
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