粗鲁 30초 만에
- 粗鲁 (cūlǔ) means rude, coarse, or rough in behavior.
- It describes impolite actions and a lack of good manners.
- Used to express disapproval of uncivilized conduct.
- Primarily refers to behavior, less commonly to rough textures.
- Definition
- The Chinese word 粗鲁 (cūlǔ) is an adjective that describes behavior or manners that are considered impolite, uncivilized, or lacking in refinement. It encompasses a range of actions and attitudes that are considered offensive or disrespectful in social interactions. When someone is described as 粗鲁, it implies they are not considerate of others' feelings and might act in a way that is loud, aggressive, or generally unpleasant. This word is used to criticize or point out behavior that deviates from expected social norms of politeness and consideration. It can apply to verbal communication, such as shouting or using offensive language, as well as physical actions, like pushing or being generally unkempt in public spaces. The intensity of the rudeness can vary, but the core meaning remains consistent: a lack of good manners and social grace.
- Usage Context
- You might hear 粗鲁 used in everyday conversations to describe someone's actions or demeanor. For instance, if someone cuts in line, speaks very loudly in a quiet place, or behaves aggressively, others might comment that their behavior is 粗鲁. It's a common term to express disapproval of impolite actions. It can also be used to describe things that are rough or crude in texture or quality, though this usage is less common than describing behavior. For example, a poorly made craft might be described as 粗鲁. However, the primary and most frequent application of 粗鲁 is to describe people and their social conduct. It’s important to note that what is considered 粗鲁 can sometimes vary slightly depending on cultural nuances and specific social settings, but generally, it refers to behavior that is unmistakably impolite and inconsiderate.
他的态度非常粗鲁，让我感到很不舒服。
- Describing People
- The most common use of 粗鲁 is to describe a person's behavior or character. You can say someone is 粗鲁 (cūlǔ) directly, or describe their actions as 粗鲁. For example, 'He is very rude' can be translated as 他很粗鲁 (tā hěn cūlǔ). If you want to describe a specific action, you might say 'His speech was very rude,' which is 他的讲话很粗鲁 (tā de jiǎnghuà hěn cūlǔ).
- Describing Actions and Words
- You can also use 粗鲁 to describe specific actions or words that are impolite. For instance, 'Don't be so rude' would be '不要这么粗鲁' (bú yào zhème cūlǔ). If someone made a rude remark, you could say '他说了很粗鲁的话' (tā shuōle hěn cūlǔ de huà). This highlights that the word can modify nouns like 'speech' or 'words' when used with 的 (de).
- Describing Objects (Less Common)
- While less frequent, 粗鲁 can sometimes describe physical objects that are coarse, rough, or crudely made. For example, a piece of unrefined pottery might be described as 粗鲁. However, in most conversational contexts, it refers to behavior. An example might be, 'This wooden carving is quite rough and crude,' which could be expressed as '这个木雕很粗鲁' (zhège mùdiāo hěn cūlǔ), implying a lack of fine craftsmanship.
- Expressing Disapproval
- The word carries a negative connotation, so it's used to express disapproval or criticism. When you encounter behavior that you find impolite, using 粗鲁 is a direct way to label it as such. For instance, 'That was a rude thing to do' could be '那是个粗鲁的行为' (nà shì ge cūlǔ de xíngwéi).
请不要用这么粗鲁的语气跟我说话。
- Everyday Conversations
- You will most frequently encounter 粗鲁 in casual conversations among native Chinese speakers. People use it to comment on the behavior of others they observe, whether it's someone in public, a character in a TV show, or even a friend or acquaintance whose actions they find impolite. For example, after witnessing someone push past others to get on a bus, someone might remark, '你看那个人多粗鲁！' (Nǐ kàn nàge rén duō cūlǔ! - Look how rude that person is!). It’s a straightforward way to express disapproval of poor manners.
- Media and Entertainment
- In Chinese dramas, movies, and television shows, 粗鲁 is often used to characterize individuals who are portrayed as uncivilized, aggressive, or lacking social graces. A villain or an antagonist might be described as 粗鲁 to emphasize their negative traits. Similarly, if a character behaves inappropriately in a formal setting, other characters might exclaim, '太粗鲁了！' (Tài cūlǔ le! - Too rude!). This makes it a common word in narrative contexts for describing character flaws.
- Discussions about Social Etiquette
- When people discuss social norms, etiquette, or proper behavior, 粗鲁 often comes up as the opposite of what is considered polite. You might hear it in discussions about raising children, workplace conduct, or public behavior. For instance, a parent might tell their child, '你这样说话太粗鲁了，应该有礼貌一点。' (Nǐ zhèyàng shuōhuà tài cūlǔ le, yīnggāi yǒu lǐmào yīdiǎn. - Speaking like this is too rude, you should be more polite.).
- Describing Rough Textures (Less Common)
- While its primary use is for behavior, you might occasionally hear 粗鲁 used to describe something that is physically rough or coarse in texture, like unrefined materials or poorly finished products. For instance, a craftsman might refer to a piece of wood as '粗鲁' if it hasn't been sanded or smoothed properly. However, this is a less frequent usage compared to describing social conduct.
他在公共场合大声喧哗，行为非常粗鲁。
- Overuse or Misapplication
- Learners might mistakenly use 粗鲁 too frequently or in situations where it's not appropriate. While it means 'rude,' it carries a strong negative judgment. Using it for minor social faux pas or when a milder term like '不礼貌' (bù lǐmào - impolite) would suffice can sound overly harsh or judgmental. It's best reserved for behavior that is genuinely uncivilized or inconsiderate.
- Confusing with 'Rough' for Objects
- As mentioned, 粗鲁 can sometimes describe physical roughness. However, learners might incorrectly apply this meaning to situations where 'rough' refers to something like a challenging task or a difficult period. For example, calling a difficult exam '粗鲁' would be incorrect. For physical roughness, words like '粗糙' (cūcāo - coarse, rough) are often more precise for textures.
- Grammatical Errors
- A common grammatical mistake is forgetting the particle 的 (de) when using 粗鲁 to modify a noun that is not directly an action or behavior. For instance, saying '他说了粗鲁的话' (tā shuōle cūlǔ de huà - he said rude words) is correct. However, simply saying '他说了粗鲁话' might sound slightly unnatural to a native speaker, although it's understandable. The structure 'adjective + 的 + noun' is generally preferred.
- Using it for Oneself
- While one can apologize for being rude, directly stating '我是粗鲁的' (wǒ shì cūlǔ de - I am rude) might sound overly self-deprecating or even arrogant depending on the tone. It's more common to say '我刚才太粗鲁了' (wǒ gāngcái tài cūlǔ le - I was too rude just now) or '我的行为很粗鲁' (wǒ de xíngwéi hěn cūlǔ - my behavior was very rude) when acknowledging one's own impolite actions.
他说话的语气很粗鲁，不是不礼貌。
- 不礼貌 (bù lǐmào)
- Meaning: Impolite, discourteous.
Comparison: This is a more general and less strong term than 粗鲁. '不礼貌' can describe minor breaches of etiquette, while '粗鲁' suggests a more significant lack of manners, often involving aggressive or uncivilized behavior. You might be '不礼貌' for forgetting to say thank you, but you would be '粗鲁' for shouting at a waiter. - 无礼 (wú lǐ)
- Meaning: Discourteous, impudent, insolent.
Comparison: '无礼' is quite similar to '粗鲁' and can also imply a strong lack of respect. However, '无礼' often carries a sense of defiance or insolence, as if the person is deliberately disregarding rules of politeness. '粗鲁' is more about a general coarseness or lack of refinement in behavior. - 野蛮 (yěmán)
- Meaning: Barbaric, savage, brutal.
Comparison: '野蛮' is much stronger than '粗鲁'. It implies behavior that is primitive, uncivilized, and often violent. While '粗鲁' describes impolite manners, '野蛮' describes actions that are fundamentally uncivilized and potentially harmful. Someone who is '粗鲁' might be loud; someone who is '野蛮' might resort to physical violence without provocation. - 粗糙 (cūcāo)
- Meaning: Coarse, rough (texture); crude, unrefined (quality).
Comparison: This word is primarily used for physical textures or the quality of something. For example, '粗糙的布料' (cūcāo de bùliào - coarse fabric) or '粗糙的工艺' (cūcāo de gōngyì - crude craftsmanship). While '粗鲁' can sometimes describe objects, '粗糙' is the more standard and frequent word for physical roughness or lack of refinement in quality.
他的言语粗鲁，但可以说他并不野蛮。
How Formal Is It?
재미있는 사실
While 粗鲁 primarily refers to behavior, the character 粗 itself can also describe physical coarseness or thickness, such as '粗绳' (cū shéng - thick rope) or '粗腿' (cū tuǐ - thick legs). This connection to physical roughness likely influenced the metaphorical extension to behavior.
발음 가이드
- Mispronouncing the tones: The first character 粗 (cū) is a first tone (high and flat), and the second character 鲁 (lǔ) is a third tone (falling-rising). Incorrect tones can change the meaning or make the word sound unnatural.
- Pronouncing 'cū' too much like 'choo' in English: The 'c' in Pinyin is an unaspirated postalveolar affricate, different from the English 'ch'.
- Adding an 'r' sound to 'lǔ': The 'l' is a clear 'l' sound, and the 'u' is a simple vowel sound.
- Not distinguishing between similar-sounding words: For example, confusing it with words that have similar tones but different initial or final sounds.
- Saying it too quickly without clear articulation of both syllables and tones.
난이도
At the A2 CEFR level, learners can understand '粗鲁' when used in simple, direct sentences describing behavior or attitudes. Recognizing it in more complex sentences or metaphorical uses might be challenging, requiring context and familiarity with common collocations.
Learners at A2 can likely use '粗鲁' in basic sentences to describe someone's rudeness. Constructing more nuanced sentences, such as using it with '的' to modify nouns or in compound phrases, requires practice. Avoiding overuse and ensuring correct grammatical structure are key.
Producing '粗鲁' accurately in spoken Chinese at A2 requires conscious effort to recall the word and its correct tones. Learners might feel hesitant to use it due to its negative connotation, preferring safer alternatives. However, it's a useful word for expressing clear opinions about impolite behavior.
Recognizing '粗鲁' in spoken Chinese at A2 depends on clear pronunciation and context. Learners might pick it up in simple exclamations or direct descriptions of behavior. Fast or nuanced speech might make it harder to identify.
다음에 무엇을 배울까
선수 학습
다음에 배울 것
고급
알아야 할 문법
Using Adjectives to Describe Nouns (Adjective + 的 + Noun)
The phrase '粗鲁的行为' (cūlǔ de xíngwéi) means 'rude behavior'. Here, '粗鲁' (rude) modifies '行为' (behavior) using the particle '的'.
Adverbial Use of Adjectives (Adjective + 地 + Verb)
The phrase '粗鲁地推开门' (cūlǔ de tuī kāi mén) means 'to rudely push open the door'. Here, '粗鲁' functions as an adverb describing how the action of pushing the door was performed.
Expressing Degree with Adverbs (e.g., 很, 非常, 太)
Adding adverbs like '很' (hěn - very) or '太' (tài - too) intensifies the adjective: '他的态度很粗鲁' (Tā de tàidù hěn cūlǔ - His attitude is very rude).
Negative Commands (不要 + Verb)
To tell someone not to be rude, you use '不要这么粗鲁' (Bú yào zhème cūlǔ - Don't be so rude).
Using Adjectives in Predicate Position (Subject + Adjective)
A simple statement like '他很粗鲁' (Tā hěn cūlǔ - He is rude) places the adjective after the subject and often an intensifier.
수준별 예문
他的态度很粗鲁。
His attitude is very rude.
Subject + Adverb (很) + Adjective. This is a basic sentence structure to describe someone's attitude.
不要这么粗鲁。
Don't be so rude.
Imperative sentence. '不要' (bú yào) is used to negate a command or request.
他说话很粗鲁。
He speaks rudely.
Subject + Verb + Adverb (很) + Adjective. Describes the manner of speaking.
这样做很粗鲁。
Doing this is very rude.
Demonstrative pronoun (这) + Verb (么) + Adverb (很) + Adjective. Used to comment on an action.
她的语气很粗鲁。
Her tone of voice is very rude.
Subject + Adverb (很) + Adjective. Describes the tone of voice.
那个服务员很粗鲁。
That waiter is very rude.
Demonstrative pronoun (那) + Measure word (个) + Noun + Adverb (很) + Adjective. Identifying a specific person and describing them.
他的行为太粗鲁了。
His behavior is too rude.
Subject + Adverb (太) + Adjective + Particle (了). '太...了' (tài...le) is used to express 'too' or 'very'.
请不要粗鲁。
Please don't be rude.
Polite request using '请' (qǐng). '不要' (bú yào) is used to request someone not to do something.
他在公众场合大声喧哗，行为十分粗鲁。
He was shouting loudly in public, his behavior was extremely rude.
Compound sentence with a description of action and its quality. '十分' (shífēn) is a stronger adverb than '很'.
我不喜欢他粗鲁的说话方式。
I don't like his rude way of speaking.
Using '粗鲁' as an adjective modifying '说话方式' (way of speaking) with '的' (de).
他的粗鲁举止让大家很不舒服。
His rude manners made everyone uncomfortable.
Using '粗鲁' as an adjective modifying '举止' (manners/behavior) with '的' (de).
这种粗鲁的语言不应该在学校里出现。
This kind of rude language should not appear in school.
Using '粗鲁' to describe '语言' (language) with '的' (de). '不应该' (bù yīnggāi) means 'should not'.
她对服务员的态度有点粗鲁。
Her attitude towards the waiter was a bit rude.
Using '粗鲁' to describe '态度' (attitude) with '的' (de). '有点' (yǒudiǎn) means 'a bit'.
他总是用一种粗鲁的方式解决问题。
He always solves problems in a rude way.
Using '粗鲁' to describe '方式' (way/method) with '的' (de).
我们应该避免粗鲁的行为。
We should avoid rude behavior.
Using '粗鲁' to describe '行为' (behavior) with '的' (de). '应该' (yīnggāi) means 'should'.
他认为自己并不粗鲁，只是直接。
He thinks he is not rude, just direct.
Contrastive statement. '并不' (bìng bù) emphasizes negation. '只是' (zhǐ shì) means 'just'.
这位艺术家以其粗鲁却充满力量的风格而闻名。
This artist is known for his rude yet powerful style.
Using '粗鲁' in conjunction with a positive attribute ('充满力量' - full of power) to describe an artistic style, implying a deliberate choice of rawness.
他试图用粗鲁的言辞掩盖自己的不安。
He tried to cover up his unease with rude words.
Using '粗鲁' to modify '言辞' (words/speech) with '的' (de). '掩盖' (yǎngài) means to cover up.
在某些文化中，直接表达被视为粗鲁。
In some cultures, direct expression is considered rude.
Abstract concept of 'direct expression' being labeled as '粗鲁' within a specific context ('某些文化中' - in some cultures).
他的粗鲁行为在社交场合中显得格格不入。
His rude behavior seemed out of place in the social gathering.
Using '粗鲁' to modify '行为' (behavior) with '的' (de). '格格不入' (gé gé bù rù) means to be out of place or incompatible.
她忍受了他一贯的粗鲁态度。
She endured his consistently rude attitude.
Using '粗鲁' to modify '态度' (attitude) with '的' (de). '一贯' (yīguàn) means consistently or habitually.
这种粗鲁的幽默感并不适合所有人。
This kind of rude sense of humor is not suitable for everyone.
Using '粗鲁' to describe '幽默感' (sense of humor) with '的' (de). '适合' (shìhé) means suitable.
尽管他很有才华，但他的粗鲁让很多人敬而远之。
Although he is very talented, his rudeness makes many people keep their distance.
Contrast between talent and rudeness. '敬而远之' (jìng ér yuǎn zhī) means to keep one's distance out of respect or fear.
他抱怨说，今天的交通状况非常粗鲁。
He complained that today's traffic situation was very rough/terrible.
Metaphorical use of '粗鲁' to describe a difficult or unpleasant situation (traffic). This is a less common but possible usage.
他那种不加掩饰的粗鲁，反而让他显得更加真实。
His unvarnished rudeness, on the contrary, made him appear more authentic.
Using '粗鲁' in a complex sentence structure where the rudeness is presented as a trait contributing to authenticity, creating a nuanced meaning.
在极端压力下，人们的粗鲁本性有时会暴露无遗。
Under extreme pressure, people's rude nature is sometimes fully exposed.
Referring to '粗鲁本性' (rude nature) as an inherent quality that surfaces under specific conditions ('极端压力下' - under extreme pressure).
她试图用一种更委婉的方式来表达，但最终还是流露出几分粗鲁。
She tried to express herself in a more tactful way, but ultimately a bit of rudeness still showed through.
Juxtaposition of '委婉' (tactful/euphemistic) and '粗鲁', showing a failed attempt at politeness.
这种粗鲁的抗议方式可能会适得其反。
This rude way of protesting might be counterproductive.
Using '粗鲁' to describe '抗议方式' (protest method) with '的' (de). '适得其反' (shì dé qí fǎn) means to be counterproductive.
他一直试图摆脱自己过去粗鲁的形象。
He has been trying to shed his past image of rudeness.
Referring to '粗鲁的形象' (rude image) as something one can try to overcome or change.
在商业谈判中，过于粗鲁的言辞可能导致交易失败。
In business negotiations, overly rude remarks can lead to the failure of the deal.
Using '粗鲁' to modify '言辞' (remarks) with '的' (de). '过于' (guòyú) means excessively.
他对艺术的粗鲁评价引起了广泛争议。
His rude critique of the art sparked widespread controversy.
Using '粗鲁' to describe '评价' (critique/evaluation) with '的' (de). '引起了广泛争议' (yǐnqǐle guǎngfàn zhēngyì) means sparked widespread controversy.
我们不能因为他偶尔的粗鲁就否定他全部的优点。
We cannot deny all his merits because of his occasional rudeness.
Contrast between '偶尔的粗鲁' (occasional rudeness) and '全部的优点' (all merits). '否定' (fǒudìng) means to deny.
他身上有一种与生俱来的粗鲁，仿佛未受文明洗礼。
There is an innate rudeness about him, as if untouched by civilization.
Describing '粗鲁' as '与生俱来' (innate/inborn), implying a deep-seated characteristic.
在那个充斥着虚伪的世界里，他的粗鲁反而成了一种另类的真诚。
In that world filled with hypocrisy, his rudeness, conversely, became a different kind of sincerity.
Paradoxical statement where '粗鲁' is re-framed as '另类的真诚' (a different kind of sincerity) in contrast to '虚伪' (hypocrisy).
她对权势人物的粗鲁蔑视，赢得了底层民众的尊重。
Her rude contempt for powerful figures earned her the respect of the common people.
Using '粗鲁' to describe '蔑视' (contempt) with '的' (de). The action of rudeness leads to an unexpected positive outcome ('赢得了尊重' - earned respect).
这种粗鲁的直白，与其说是缺乏教养，不如说是对矫揉造作的蔑视。
This rude straightforwardness is less about a lack of upbringing and more about a disdain for affectation.
Complex sentence analyzing the motivation behind '粗鲁的直白' (rude straightforwardness), contrasting it with '缺乏教养' (lack of upbringing) and '矫揉造作' (affectation).
他用一种近乎粗鲁的幽默感来化解紧张的气氛。
He used a sense of humor that was almost rude to diffuse the tense atmosphere.
Using '近乎粗鲁' (almost rude) to describe '幽默感' (sense of humor), indicating a fine line between humor and offense.
她的言谈举止中，始终带着一股不容置疑的粗鲁，那是她反抗世界的方式。
Throughout her speech and behavior, there was an undeniable rudeness, which was her way of resisting the world.
Describing '粗鲁' as '不容置疑' (undeniable) and linking it to '反抗世界的方式' (way of resisting the world).
在那个时代，对权威的粗鲁挑战被视为一种进步的象征。
In that era, rude challenges to authority were seen as a symbol of progress.
Using '粗鲁' to describe '挑战' (challenge) with '的' (de), framing it as a symbol of progress in a historical context.
他以一种近乎粗鲁的方式表达了对现状的不满，但其背后的深层逻辑却引人深思。
He expressed his dissatisfaction with the current situation in an almost rude manner, but the deeper logic behind it was thought-provoking.
Using '近乎粗鲁' (almost rude) to describe the expression of dissatisfaction, while highlighting the '深层逻辑' (deeper logic) that is '引人深思' (thought-provoking).
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
— That's too rude!
When someone cuts in line, you might exclaim, '太粗鲁了！' (Tài cūlǔ le!)
— Don't be so rude.
If someone is acting impolitely, you can say, '不要这么粗鲁。' (Bú yào zhème cūlǔ.)
— His behavior is very rude.
This phrase is used to describe someone's actions, like '他的行为很粗鲁。' (Tā de xíngwéi hěn cūlǔ.)
— To speak rudely.
He speaks rudely, which is why people don't like him. '他说话粗鲁，所以大家不喜欢他。' (Tā shuōhuà cūlǔ, suǒyǐ dàjiā bù xǐhuān tā.)
— A rude answer.
She gave a rude answer to the question. '她给了一个粗鲁的回答。' (Tā gěile yīgè cūlǔ de huídá.)
— A rude gesture/action.
Making rude gestures is unacceptable. '做粗鲁的举动是不被接受的。' (Zuò cūlǔ de jǔdòng shì bù bèi jiēshòu de.)
— He is rude.
A direct statement about someone's character: '他很粗鲁。' (Tā hěn cūlǔ.)
— This is too rude!
Used to express strong disapproval of an action: '这太粗鲁了！' (Zhè tài cūlǔ le!)
— A rude man.
She doesn't want to date rude men. '她不想和粗鲁的男人约会。' (Tā bù xiǎng hé cūlǔ de nánrén yuēhuì.)
— A rude woman.
It's rare to see such a rude woman. '很少见到这么粗鲁的女人。' (Hěn shǎo jiàndào zhème cūlǔ de nǚrén.)
자주 혼동되는 단어
While both relate to 'roughness', 粗糙 primarily describes physical textures (like rough fabric or skin) or unrefined quality, whereas 粗鲁 specifically refers to impolite behavior and manners.
'野蛮' is much stronger than '粗鲁', implying barbarity, savageness, or brutality. '粗鲁' is about lacking manners, while '野蛮' suggests a more primitive and aggressive nature.
'粗暴' often emphasizes physical roughness or violence. It can overlap with '粗鲁' when describing aggressive actions, but '粗暴' leans more towards the physical aspect of being rough or violent.
관용어 및 표현
— Rude and uncultured; uncouth and unlettered.
The bandit was described as 粗鲁无文, completely lacking in any social graces or education.
Descriptive, negative— Extremely vulgar and crude; utterly uncouth.
His language was 粗鄙不堪, filled with offensive and low-class terms.
Strongly negative, often for language— Barbaric and rude; savage and uncivilized.
The invading soldiers' actions were 野蛮粗鲁, causing widespread destruction and fear.
Very strong negative, implies brutality— Extremely vulgar and common; lacking refinement.
The entertainment was 粗俗不堪, appealing only to the lowest tastes.
Negative, often for entertainment or art— Violent and rude; rough and discourteous.
The bouncer's 粗暴无礼 treatment of the patrons led to a complaint.
Strong negative, emphasizes physical roughness and impoliteness— Rude in speech and behavior.
His 言行粗鲁 made him unpopular with his colleagues.
General description of impolite conduct— Rude and unteachable; stubborn in one's rudeness.
Despite repeated attempts to educate him, he remained 粗鲁不化.
Negative, implies stubbornness— Rude and unrestrained; wild and uncouth.
The young rebel had a 粗鲁不羁 attitude that challenged societal norms.
Negative, but can sometimes imply a rebellious spirit— To treat someone rudely; to be rough with someone.
She felt that the hotel staff had 粗鲁相待 her during her stay.
Describes the act of treating someone poorly— Excessively rude; beyond all bounds of politeness.
His level of rudeness was 粗鲁无度, making it impossible to continue the conversation.
Strong negative, emphasizes extremity혼동하기 쉬운
Both words contain the character 粗 (cū), meaning coarse or rough, and can be used to describe something lacking refinement.
'粗糙' (cūcāo) is primarily used for physical textures (e.g., rough paper, coarse skin) or the quality of craftsmanship (e.g., crude work). '粗鲁' (cūlǔ) is almost exclusively used to describe impolite, uncivilized, or coarse behavior and manners. You wouldn't call a rude person '粗糙', nor would you call a rough piece of sandpaper '粗鲁'.
这张纸很粗糙，不适合写字。 (Zhè zhāng zhǐ hěn cūcāo, bù shìhé xiě zì.) This paper is very rough and not suitable for writing. 他的言语粗鲁，让人难以忍受。 (Tā de yányǔ cūlǔ, ràng rén nányǐ rěnshòu.) His speech is rude and unbearable.
Both convey a strong sense of being uncivilized or lacking refinement, and both are negative descriptors.
'野蛮' (yěmán) is a much stronger term, implying barbarism, savagery, or brutality. It suggests a lack of civilization and can include violence. '粗鲁' (cūlǔ) is more about impolite manners, lack of social grace, or coarseness, but not necessarily violence or extreme savagery. Someone can be '粗鲁' by talking loudly, but '野蛮' implies more destructive or aggressive actions.
在那个时代，许多部落的行为都显得野蛮。 (Zài nàge shídài, xǔduō bùluò de xíngwéi dōu xiǎnde yěmán.) In that era, the behavior of many tribes appeared barbaric. 他对待服务员的态度很粗鲁。 (Tā duìdài fúwùyuán de tàidù hěn cūlǔ.) His attitude towards the waiter was very rude.
Both terms relate to roughness and can describe aggressive actions or manners.
'粗暴' (cūbào) often emphasizes physical roughness, violence, or aggression. It can describe a rough manner of handling things or a violent outburst. '粗鲁' (cūlǔ) is more about impolite social behavior and lack of refinement, which may or may not be physically aggressive. For example, pushing someone forcefully is '粗暴', while interrupting someone rudely is '粗鲁'. However, aggressive shouting could be both.
警察粗暴地拉开了车门。 (Jǐngchá cūbào de lā kāile chēmén.) The police roughly pulled open the car door. 他说话的语气太粗鲁了。 (Tā shuōhuà de yǔqì tài cūlǔ le.) His tone of voice is too rude.
Both describe a lack of refinement and can be applied to language and behavior.
'粗俗' (cūsú) often refers to vulgarity, coarseness, or low-class taste, particularly in language, jokes, or entertainment. It implies a lack of sophistication and can be offensive due to its crudeness. '粗鲁' (cūlǔ) is broader and focuses more on impolite social behavior and disregard for etiquette. While vulgar language can be '粗鲁', '粗鲁' can also describe actions that aren't necessarily vulgar but simply impolite.
他讲的笑话很粗俗，大家都不笑了。 (Tā jiǎng de xiàohuà hěn cūsú, dàjiā dōu bù xiàole.) The jokes he told were very vulgar, and everyone stopped laughing. 他对长辈说话很粗鲁。 (Tā duì zhǎngbèi shuōhuà hěn cūlǔ.) He speaks very rudely to elders.
Both are negative terms related to social conduct and lack of politeness.
'不礼貌' (bù lǐmào) is a more general and milder term for 'impolite' or 'discourteous'. It can describe minor breaches of etiquette. '粗鲁' (cūlǔ) is a stronger term, implying a significant lack of manners, coarseness, or uncivilized behavior. You might be '不礼貌' for forgetting to say 'thank you', but you would be '粗鲁' for yelling at someone in public.
迟到是不礼貌的行为。 (Chídào shì bù lǐmào de xíngwéi.) Being late is impolite behavior. 他粗鲁地推开了门，没有敲门。 (Tā cūlǔ de tuī kāile mén, méiyǒu qiāo mén.) He rudely pushed open the door without knocking.
문장 패턴
Subject + 很 + 粗鲁。
他很粗鲁。 (Tā hěn cūlǔ.) He is rude.
不要 + 这么 + 粗鲁。
不要这么粗鲁。 (Bú yào zhème cūlǔ.) Don't be so rude.
Subject + 粗鲁 + 的 + Noun。
他的行为很粗鲁。 (Tā de xíngwéi hěn cūlǔ.) His behavior is rude.
Subject + 粗鲁 + 地 + Verb。
他粗鲁地说话。 (Tā cūlǔ de shuōhuà.) He speaks rudely.
Subject + 认为/觉得 + (不) + 粗鲁。
她觉得他的态度有点粗鲁。 (Tā juéde tā de tàidù yǒudiǎn cūlǔ.) She feels his attitude is a bit rude.
这种 + 粗鲁 + 的 + Noun + ...
这种粗鲁的行为不应该发生。 (Zhè zhǒng cūlǔ de xíngwéi bù yīnggāi fāshēng.) This kind of rude behavior should not happen.
尽管/虽然..., 但 + (他/她) + 的 + 粗鲁 + ...
尽管他很有才华，但他的粗鲁让很多人望而却步。 (Jǐnguǎn tā hěn yǒu cáihuá, dàn tā de cūlǔ ràng hěnduō rén wàng ér què bù.) Although he is talented, his rudeness makes many people shy away.
Subject + (以) + 粗鲁 + 的 + 方式 + ...
他以一种粗鲁的方式表达了他的不满。 (Tā yǐ yī zhǒng cūlǔ de fāngshì biǎodá le tā de bùmǎn.) He expressed his dissatisfaction in a rude manner.
어휘 가족
형용사
관련
사용법
Common
-
Using 粗鲁 for minor impoliteness.
→
不礼貌
'粗鲁' is a strong word for genuinely coarse or uncivilized behavior. For minor social mistakes, '不礼貌' (bù lǐmào - impolite) is more appropriate. For example, forgetting to say 'thank you' is '不礼貌', but yelling at someone is '粗鲁'.
-
Confusing 粗鲁 with 粗糙.
→
粗糙 (for textures)
'粗鲁' (cūlǔ) describes behavior. '粗糙' (cūcāo) describes physical textures (e.g., rough paper, coarse fabric) or unrefined quality. You wouldn't call a rude person '粗糙', nor a rough surface '粗鲁'.
-
Incorrect tones.
→
cū (1st tone) lǔ (3rd tone)
Mispronouncing the tones can change the meaning or make the word sound unnatural. Ensure you practice the correct tones: high and flat for 粗, and falling-rising for 鲁.
-
Using 粗鲁 to describe oneself too directly.
→
我刚才太粗鲁了。
While you can apologize for being rude, saying '我是粗鲁的' (I am rude) can sound overly self-deprecating or arrogant. It's more natural to say 'I was too rude just now' or 'my behavior was rude'.
-
Confusing 粗鲁 with 野蛮.
→
野蛮 (for barbaric/savage behavior)
'粗鲁' refers to impolite manners. '野蛮' (yěmán) is much stronger, implying brutality, savagery, or extreme lack of civilization. '粗鲁' is about bad manners, '野蛮' is about being uncivilized and potentially violent.
팁
Master the Tones
The tones are critical for 粗鲁 (cūlǔ). 粗 is first tone (high, flat), and 鲁 is third tone (falling then rising). Practicing these tones will ensure clear communication and avoid misunderstandings. Listen to native speakers and mimic their intonation.
Visual Association
Imagine a large, rough rope (粗) being used clumsily and aggressively (鲁). This visual can help you remember that 粗鲁 describes behavior that is coarse, unrefined, and impolite.
Adjective Patterns
Remember common patterns: 'Subject + 很/太 + 粗鲁' (He is rude), '粗鲁的 + Noun' (rude behavior), and '粗鲁地 + Verb' (rudely did something). Practice these structures in sentences.
Synonym Spectrum
Understand the range of related words: '不礼貌' (impolite - milder), '粗鲁' (rude/coarse - common), '无礼' (discourteous/insolent - strong), and '野蛮' (barbaric/savage - very strong). Choose the word that best fits the severity of the behavior.
Cultural Nuances
Politeness is highly valued. '粗鲁' is a strong criticism. Be aware of the social hierarchy and context. Using it towards elders or in formal settings requires significant justification.
Active Recall
When you witness or read about impolite behavior, try to recall and use the word 粗鲁 in your thoughts or practice sentences. This active recall strengthens your memory and usage.
Describe Actions
Practice describing specific rude actions using 粗鲁, such as '他粗鲁地打断了我的话' (He rudely interrupted me) or '她的语气很粗鲁' (Her tone of voice is very rude).
Contrast with Politeness
Actively compare and contrast '粗鲁' with its antonyms like '礼貌' (lǐmào - polite) and '文雅' (wényǎ - elegant) to solidify its meaning and usage.
Media Immersion
Watch Chinese dramas or movies and listen for how characters are described as '粗鲁'. This provides real-world examples and helps you understand the nuances of its usage in different scenarios.
암기하기
기억법
Imagine someone trying to eat soup with a very thick, rough rope (粗) instead of a spoon. Their actions would be incredibly messy and uncivilized (鲁). This visual helps connect the characters to the meaning of rude and coarse behavior.
시각적 연상
Picture a person with a very gruff, unkempt appearance, perhaps shouting loudly or pushing people aside. Their entire demeanor is 'rough' and 'uncivilized'.
Word Web
챌린지
Try to use '粗鲁' in a sentence describing a hypothetical situation where someone displays bad manners. For example, 'Imagine a character in a movie who always interrupts others – their behavior is 粗鲁.'
어원
The character 粗 (cū) originally depicted a large rope or coarse thread, suggesting something thick, rough, or unrefined. The character 鲁 (lǔ) historically referred to the ancient state of Lu, but in this context, it likely contributes to the sound and possibly a sense of stubbornness or coarseness. The combination likely evolved to describe behavior that is rough, unrefined, and lacking in gentleness.
원래 의미: Literally, it combines 'coarse/thick' with a character that adds to the sound and perhaps a sense of stubbornness or lack of refinement. The primary meaning evolved to describe unrefined behavior.
Sino-Tibetan문화적 맥락
When using 粗鲁, be mindful that it is a strong negative descriptor. While accurate for describing genuinely impolite actions, it can be accusatory. In some situations, milder terms like '不礼貌' (bù lǐmào - impolite) might be more appropriate if the offense is minor.
In English-speaking cultures, 'rude' also refers to impolite or offensive behavior. However, the specific nuances and intensity can vary. Terms like 'uncouth,' 'boorish,' 'crude,' and 'vulgar' share similarities with '粗鲁' but might have slightly different connotations or usages.
실생활에서 연습하기
실제 사용 상황
Describing someone's negative behavior in public.
- 他的行为太粗鲁了。
- 不要在公共场合这么粗鲁。
- 这种粗鲁的态度让人无法接受。
Giving advice or feedback on manners.
- 你应该注意你的语气，不要太粗鲁。
- 这样做很粗鲁，下次注意。
- 说话粗鲁会让人不喜欢你。
Reacting to impolite speech or actions.
- 你刚才说的话太粗鲁了！
- 他粗鲁地打断了我的话。
- 我受不了他粗鲁的抱怨。
Discussing character traits.
- 他是个粗鲁的人，但心地不坏。
- 她身上有一种不容忽视的粗鲁。
- 他的粗鲁是出于无知，不是恶意。
Describing situations that are difficult or unpleasant (less common, metaphorical).
- 今天的交通状况非常粗鲁。
- 这种粗鲁的幽默感不适合我。
대화 시작하기
"Have you ever encountered someone who was extremely rude? How did you react?"
"What do you think is the difference between being direct and being rude?"
"In your culture, what actions are considered particularly rude?"
"Do you think people can change if they are perceived as rude?"
"What's the rudest thing you've ever heard someone say?"
일기 주제
Reflect on a time you might have acted rudely. What were the circumstances, and how did you feel afterwards?
Describe a character from a book or movie who exhibits rude behavior. What are their motivations?
Write a short dialogue where one character is deliberately rude to another. How does the other character respond?
Imagine you are teaching a child about good manners. How would you explain what 'rude' behavior is using simple terms?
Consider a situation where someone's 'rudeness' might actually be a form of honesty or rebellion. Explore this complexity in your writing.
자주 묻는 질문
10 질문Primarily, yes. 粗鲁 (cūlǔ) is most commonly used to describe people's behavior, speech, or attitude as rude, coarse, or uncivilized. While it can occasionally be used metaphorically for rough textures or unpleasant situations (like traffic), its main application is for social conduct. For physical roughness, words like 粗糙 (cūcāo) are more common.
粗鲁 is a strong negative adjective. It implies a significant lack of manners and social grace, often suggesting uncivilized or aggressive behavior. It's generally stronger than 'impolite' and used when someone's actions are notably coarse or disrespectful.
Yes, but usually in an apologetic or self-deprecating way. For example, '我刚才太粗鲁了' (Wǒ gāngcái tài cūlǔ le - I was too rude just now) is a common apology. Directly stating '我是粗鲁的' (Wǒ shì cūlǔ de - I am rude) might sound overly self-critical or even arrogant depending on the context.
'不礼貌' (bù lǐmào) is a general term for 'impolite' and can cover minor social slip-ups. '粗鲁' (cūlǔ) is much stronger and implies a significant lack of manners, coarseness, or uncivilized behavior. Think of it as the difference between forgetting to say 'please' ('不礼貌') and shouting at a waiter ('粗鲁').
'粗鲁' describes impolite, coarse, or uncivilized behavior. '野蛮' (yěmán) is much stronger, meaning barbaric, savage, or brutal, often implying violence. You would use '粗鲁' for someone who speaks aggressively or cuts in line, but '野蛮' for someone who engages in violent acts without provocation.
Less commonly, yes. It can describe something that is physically rough or crudely made, similar to 'coarse' or 'crude'. For example, a rough wooden carving might be described as 粗鲁. However, for textures, 粗糙 (cūcāo) is more typical. In most conversational contexts, 粗鲁 refers to behavior.
Common phrases include '粗鲁的行为' (cūlǔ de xíngwéi - rude behavior), '粗鲁的语气' (cūlǔ de yǔqì - rude tone), '太粗鲁了！' (tài cūlǔ le! - Too rude!), and '不要这么粗鲁' (bú yào zhème cūlǔ - Don't be so rude).
Generally, no. 粗鲁 is a negative descriptor. However, in very specific contexts, like art or literature, an artist's '粗鲁' style might be paradoxically described as 'authentic' or 'powerful' when contrasted with superficial politeness. But the word itself remains negative.
The pronunciation is cū (first tone, high and flat) lǔ (third tone, falling-rising). So, 'cū-lǔ'. Make sure to get the tones right, as they are crucial in Mandarin.
Yes. Politeness is highly valued in Chinese culture. Using 粗鲁 to describe someone's behavior is a strong criticism. Be mindful of the context and your relationship with the person you are describing. In formal settings or when speaking to elders, using such a strong negative term might be inappropriate unless the behavior is egregious.
셀프 테스트 10 질문
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
粗鲁 (cūlǔ) is a key adjective for describing impolite, coarse, or uncivilized behavior, essential for understanding social interactions and expressing disapproval in Chinese.
- 粗鲁 (cūlǔ) means rude, coarse, or rough in behavior.
- It describes impolite actions and a lack of good manners.
- Used to express disapproval of uncivilized conduct.
- Primarily refers to behavior, less commonly to rough textures.
Master the Tones
The tones are critical for 粗鲁 (cūlǔ). 粗 is first tone (high, flat), and 鲁 is third tone (falling then rising). Practicing these tones will ensure clear communication and avoid misunderstandings. Listen to native speakers and mimic their intonation.
Context is Key
While 粗鲁 means 'rude', its intensity can vary. Use it for genuinely impolite, coarse, or uncivilized behavior. For minor offenses, consider milder terms like '不礼貌' (bù lǐmào - impolite) to avoid sounding overly harsh or judgmental.
Visual Association
Imagine a large, rough rope (粗) being used clumsily and aggressively (鲁). This visual can help you remember that 粗鲁 describes behavior that is coarse, unrefined, and impolite.
Adjective Patterns
Remember common patterns: 'Subject + 很/太 + 粗鲁' (He is rude), '粗鲁的 + Noun' (rude behavior), and '粗鲁地 + Verb' (rudely did something). Practice these structures in sentences.
예시
他的言行非常粗鲁。
관련 콘텐츠
emotions 관련 단어
有点
A1조금, 약간. 형용사 앞에 쓰여 부정적인 느낌이나 불만을 나타낼 때 사용합니다.
一点
A1조금, 약간. 어떤 것의 적은 양을 나타냅니다.
可恶
A2얄밉다；가증스럽다. 강한 반감이나 화를 표현할 때 사용됩니다.
心不在焉
A2마음이 딴 데 가 있다; 건성으로 듣다.
接受地
A2그는 비판을 수용적으로 받아들였다.
成就感
B1어려운 일을 해냈을 때 느끼는 성취감.
撒娇
A2To act like a spoiled child; to act cute.
上瘾
B1어떤 것에 강한 의존성을 갖게 되어, 끊기 어렵게 되는 것. 종종 건강하지 못한 정도.
沉迷
A2그는 게임에 침미하여 학업을 소홀히 하고 있다.
敬佩
B1존경하다; 감탄하다. 누군가의 성격이나 행동에 대한 깊은 존경심을 표현할 때 사용된다.
