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A1 adverb #100 most common 11 min read

dann

Top 100

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips dann in 30 Seconds

Explanation dann in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'dann' is primarily used to describe simple sequences of events in daily life. Learners use it to connect two sentences, usually following words like 'zuerst' (first). The focus is on basic temporal order: 'I do A, then I do B.' At this stage, the most important thing is learning the word order change (inversion) that happens when 'dann' starts a sentence. For example, 'Dann trinke ich Wasser' instead of 'Dann ich trinke Wasser'. It is also introduced in the common farewell 'Bis dann!' (See you then!). The usage is very concrete and tied to immediate actions like eating, going to work, or meeting friends. Learners are encouraged to use 'dann' to make their speech sound less like a list of isolated facts and more like a connected story.

At the A2 level, the use of 'dann' expands to include simple conditional structures. Learners start using 'wenn... dann...' (if... then...) to talk about possibilities and plans. For example, 'Wenn ich Zeit habe, dann komme ich.' While the 'dann' is often optional here, it helps the learner structure their thoughts clearly. A2 learners also start to distinguish 'dann' from other temporal adverbs like 'danach' (after that) and 'später' (later). They use 'dann' more frequently in dialogues to ask follow-up questions like 'Und was machst du dann?' (And what do you do then?). The focus remains on practical communication, but the sentences become slightly more complex as learners begin to link multiple actions together in a single narrative arc.

By B1, 'dann' is used more fluidly as a discourse marker. It helps in structuring longer narratives, such as telling a story about a past vacation or explaining a process at work. B1 learners should be comfortable with the V2 rule and should not make word order mistakes with 'dann'. They also begin to encounter 'dann' in more idiomatic contexts, such as 'selbst dann, wenn...' (even then, if...) or 'dann und wann' (now and then). At this level, the distinction between 'dann' (temporal/logical) and 'denn' (causal/filler) becomes critical, as confusing them can lead to significant misunderstandings. Learners are expected to use 'dann' to create a logical flow in both spoken and written German, moving beyond simple lists to more cohesive paragraphs.

At the B2 level, 'dann' is used to build sophisticated arguments and logical proofs. It appears in more formal contexts, such as 'wenn..., dann erst recht' (if..., then all the more). B2 learners use 'dann' to summarize points or to draw conclusions from a set of facts. They also learn to use it rhetorically, for example, to point out a contradiction: 'Du sagst, du hast kein Geld, aber dann kaufst du ein neues Auto?' (You say you have no money, but then you buy a new car?). The use of 'dann' becomes more nuanced, often carrying a tone of irony, surprise, or logical necessity. Learners are also expected to vary their vocabulary, using 'dann' alongside more formal synonyms like 'daraufhin' or 'anschließend' to avoid repetition in their essays and presentations.

At the C1 level, 'dann' is used with high precision to indicate subtle shifts in logic or perspective. It appears in complex legal, academic, and literary texts where the exact relationship between conditions and results is paramount. C1 learners understand the 'resumptive' use of 'dann'—using it to pick up a thread of conversation after a long digression. They also use it in hypothetical scenarios with the subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II): 'Wenn ich das gewusst hätte, dann wäre ich nicht gekommen.' The focus is on using 'dann' to manage the 'Information Flow' of a text, ensuring that the listener or reader can follow a highly complex line of reasoning. At this level, 'dann' is not just a word for 'then'; it is a tool for precise logical mapping.

At the C2 level, the learner uses 'dann' with the mastery of a native speaker, including all its subtle modal and rhythmic functions. This includes using 'dann' in philosophical or mathematical proofs where it denotes absolute logical entailment. C2 speakers can use 'dann' to create specific stylistic effects in literature or high-level rhetoric, such as using it for dramatic emphasis or to create a sense of inevitable fate. They are also fully aware of the historical and etymological weight of the word, recognizing its role in the development of German syntax. At this stage, the use of 'dann' is completely intuitive, and the speaker can manipulate its position and stress to convey a wide range of meanings, from simple sequence to profound logical consequence, without any hesitation.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

dann in 30 Seconds

Temporal marker meaning 'then' or 'next', used to sequence events in time.
Logical marker in 'if-then' structures (wenn... dann...), indicating a consequence or result.
Triggers V2 word order: if 'dann' starts the sentence, the verb must come second.
Essential for storytelling, giving directions, and everyday conversations about routines and plans.

The German adverb dann is one of the most fundamental building blocks of the German language, primarily serving as a temporal marker to indicate sequence or a logical marker to indicate consequence. For an English speaker, it most directly translates to "then" or "next". However, its utility extends far beyond simple time-keeping; it acts as a glue that binds actions, thoughts, and conditions together in a coherent flow. Whether you are describing your morning routine, giving directions, or explaining a complex scientific process, dann is the tool that tells your listener what happens after the current moment or what follows a specific condition.

Temporal Sequence: This is the most common usage. It indicates that one event follows another in time. It is the natural partner to words like 'erst' (first) or 'zuerst' (at first). In this context, it functions exactly like the English 'then' in 'I eat, then I sleep.'

Zuerst trinke ich einen Kaffee, und dann fange ich an zu arbeiten.

Logical Consequence: In conditional 'if-then' structures (Wenn-Dann-Sätze), 'dann' introduces the result of a condition. While the 'dann' is often optional in German (just as 'then' is often omitted in English), using it adds clarity and emphasis to the logical link between the two clauses.

Wenn es morgen regnet, dann bleiben wir einfach zu Hause.

Beyond these primary uses, dann appears in numerous idiomatic expressions and as a filler word in conversation. When someone says "Und dann?", they are prompting you to continue your story. When someone says "Bis dann!", they are saying "See you then!" or "See you later!". It is a versatile, high-frequency word that helps define the rhythm of spoken German. Understanding dann is not just about knowing a translation; it is about understanding how German speakers structure time and logic in their daily interactions. It provides a sense of order and expectation, signaling to the listener that the narrative or the argument is progressing to its next stage.

Hast du keine Zeit? Na dann sehen wir uns eben ein anderes Mal.

Resumptive Use: Sometimes 'dann' is used to resume a thought or to summarize a situation before moving to a conclusion. It acts as a bridge between the current context and the proposed next step, often carrying a tone of 'well, in that case' or 'given the circumstances'.

Wenn das so ist, dann müssen wir sofort handeln.

In summary, dann is the chronological and logical heartbeat of German. It moves the conversation forward, establishes relationships between events, and provides a framework for understanding the world in a sequential manner. From the simplest A1 sentences to complex C2 philosophical arguments, dann remains an indispensable tool for any learner aiming for fluency and natural-sounding speech.

Using dann correctly in a sentence requires a solid grasp of German word order, specifically the V2 rule (Verb-Second rule). Because dann is an adverb, if you start a main clause with it, the conjugated verb must immediately follow it. This inversion of the subject and verb is one of the most distinctive features of German syntax for English speakers, who are used to saying 'Then I go' rather than the German 'Then go I'.

The Inversion Rule: When 'dann' occupies the first position in a sentence, the verb must come second, and the subject is pushed to the third position. This is non-negotiable in standard German.

Dann gehen wir spazieren. (Then we go for a walk.)

If 'dann' is not at the beginning of the sentence, it usually follows the conjugated verb (and the subject). This is often seen in middle-field placement, where it provides a smoother, less emphatic transition between ideas.

Wir gehen dann spazieren. (We will go for a walk then/later.)

Conditional Clauses (Wenn... dann...): In a conditional sentence, the 'wenn' clause acts as the first 'chunk' of the sentence. Therefore, the main clause that follows must start with the verb. However, you can insert 'dann' before the verb to emphasize the result. In this case, 'dann' and the 'wenn' clause together occupy the first position, or 'dann' acts as a resumptive element.

Wenn du fertig bist, dann rufen wir ein Taxi.

Another important aspect is the use of dann in questions. It can be used to ask about the next step in a sequence or to seek clarification on a consequence. For example, "Was machen wir dann?" (What do we do then?) or "Und dann?" (And then?). In these cases, it maintains its temporal or logical meaning but functions as a prompt for further information.

Combining with Conjunctions: You will often see 'und dann' (and then) or 'aber dann' (but then). These combinations allow for complex narrative structures. 'Und dann' is the workhorse of storytelling, moving the plot from one event to the next.

Er hat gelacht, aber dann wurde er plötzlich ernst.

Finally, consider the placement of dann in relation to other adverbs. German has a specific order for adverbs (Time-Manner-Place), and since dann is a time adverb, it usually comes early in the sentence. Mastering the placement of dann is a major step toward achieving a natural German sentence structure and avoiding the 'English-word-order' trap that many learners fall into.

In the real world, dann is everywhere. It is a linguistic 'utility player' that shows up in almost every conversation, from the most mundane to the most profound. If you spend a day in a German-speaking city, you will hear it in train stations, cafes, offices, and homes. It is the sound of progress, the sound of logic, and the sound of social connection.

In the Kitchen and Recipes: Cooking is all about sequence. You will hear: 'Zuerst die Zwiebeln schneiden, dann das Fleisch anbraten.' (First cut the onions, then sear the meat.) Without 'dann', a recipe would just be a list of disconnected actions.

Kochen Sie das Wasser auf und geben Sie dann die Nudeln hinein.

Giving Directions: When someone explains how to get to the Brandenburg Gate, they will use 'dann' to mark every turn. 'Gehen Sie geradeaus, dann biegen Sie links ab.' It provides the necessary transitions that make directions followable.

Fahren Sie bis zur Ampel und dann nach rechts.

In social settings, dann is used to make plans and reach agreements. Phrases like "Dann machen wir es so" (Then we'll do it that way) or "Dann bis morgen!" (Then see you tomorrow!) are standard ways to conclude a discussion. It signals that a decision has been reached based on the preceding conversation. You will also hear it used as a way to express mild impatience or to urge someone to get to the point: "Und was ist dann passiert?" (And what happened then?).

In Media and News: News anchors use 'dann' to transition between segments or to explain the timeline of a political event. 'Zuerst gab es Proteste, dann reagierte die Regierung.' It provides the chronological skeleton for reporting.

Erst kam der Sturm, dann das Hochwasser.

Even in literature and film, dann plays a crucial role. It builds suspense. A narrator might say, "Er öffnete die Tür... und dann..." (He opened the door... and then...). It creates a pause that the audience fills with anticipation. Whether it's a child telling a story about their day at school or a scientist explaining a chemical reaction, dann is the essential link that turns a series of facts into a narrative. It is the word that answers the fundamental human question: 'What happens next?'

While dann seems simple, it is a frequent source of errors for English speakers. The most common mistakes involve confusing it with similar-sounding words, using incorrect word order, or applying it in contexts where another German word is more appropriate. Avoiding these pitfalls is key to moving from a beginner to an intermediate level.

Mistake 1: Dann vs. Denn: This is the 'classic' mistake. 'Dann' means 'then' (time/logic). 'Denn' means 'because' (conjunction) or acts as a filler word in questions to add flavor. They are NOT interchangeable. Remember: D-A-NN is for After, D-E-NN is for Explanation.

Falsch: Ich bleibe zu Hause, dann es regnet. (Incorrect)
Richtig: Ich bleibe zu Hause, denn es regnet. (Correct)

Mistake 2: Word Order Inversion: English speakers often say 'Then I go home' and translate it literally as 'Dann ich gehe nach Hause.' In German, the verb MUST come second. The correct form is 'Dann gehe ich nach Hause.'

Falsch: Dann wir essen. (Incorrect)
Richtig: Dann essen wir. (Correct)

Another frequent error is using dann when als or wenn is required. Dann is an adverb, not a conjunction. You cannot use it to start a subordinate clause that means 'when'. For example, 'When I was a child' is 'Als ich ein Kind war', not 'Dann ich ein Kind war'. Similarly, 'When it rains' is 'Wenn es regnet', not 'Dann es regnet'.

Mistake 3: Dann vs. Damals: 'Dann' refers to a sequence (next). 'Damals' refers to 'back then' in the distant past. If you are talking about the 1990s, use 'damals'. If you are talking about what you did after breakfast, use 'dann'.

Falsch: Dann gab es noch keine Handys. (Incorrect if referring to the 80s)
Richtig: Damals gab es noch keine Handys. (Correct)

Finally, be careful with 'dann' and 'da'. While 'da' can sometimes mean 'then' in a situational sense (e.g., 'Da war ich gerade beschäftigt'), 'dann' is more strictly temporal. Using 'dann' correctly shows that you understand the logic of the German sentence and the specific temporal relationships between events. Practice these distinctions, and your German will sound much more natural and precise.

To truly master German, you need to know when to use dann and when to reach for a more specific alternative. While dann is a great all-purpose word, using the same word repeatedly can make your German sound repetitive or 'childlike'. Here are the most common alternatives and how they differ from dann.

Danach vs. Dann: 'Danach' literally means 'after that'. It is very similar to 'dann' but often feels slightly more formal or precise. It explicitly refers back to the action that just happened. If 'dann' is 'then', 'danach' is 'afterwards'.

Wir essen zu Mittag. Danach machen wir eine Pause.

Anschließend: This is a more formal alternative, often used in business or academic contexts. It means 'subsequently' or 'following this'. It implies a seamless transition from one step to the next in a process.

Die Präsentation dauert 20 Minuten. Anschließend gibt es eine Fragerunde.

For logical consequences, you might use folglich or deshalb. While dann says 'if X happens, then Y follows', folglich says 'X happened, and as a result, Y is the logical outcome'. It is much stronger and more formal.

Daraufhin: This word is often used in news reporting. It means 'as a result of that' or 'promptly after that'. It suggests a reaction to a specific event. 'The police arrived, and *thereupon* the crowd dispersed.'

Er wurde kritisiert und kündigte daraufhin seinen Job.

Finally, consider später (later). If there is a significant time gap between events, dann might feel too immediate. Später is better for events that happen at an unspecified time in the future. By choosing the right word, you provide your listener with more information about the relationship between the events you are describing, making your German more precise and expressive.

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

In Middle High German, 'dann' and 'denn' were often the same word. The clear distinction we have today only solidified in the Early New High German period.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /dan/

US /dɑn/

The stress is on the only syllable. It is a short, sharp word.

Rhymes With

wann kann Mann an ran Bann Tann heran

Common Errors

Pronouncing it like English 'than' with a 'th' sound.
Making the 'a' sound too long (like 'dahn').
Confusing the pronunciation with 'denn' (which has an 'e' sound like 'bed').
Nasalizing the 'n' too much.
Failing to double the 'n' in writing, though the sound is short.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 1/5

Very easy to recognize in text as a marker of time or logic.

Writing 3/5

Requires attention to the V2 word order rule (inversion).

Speaking 2/5

High frequency makes it easy to practice, but 'dann/denn' confusion is common.

Listening 1/5

Usually clear, though can be swallowed in fast speech.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

und zuerst ich machen gehen

Learn Next

danach denn weil wenn als

Advanced

anschließend daraufhin folglich infolgedessen demnach

Grammar to Know

V2 Word Order (Inversion)

Dann *gehe* ich (not 'Dann ich gehe').

Conditional Clauses (Wenn-Dann)

Wenn es regnet, (dann) bleiben wir hier.

Adverb Placement

Ich gehe dann mal los. (Middle field placement)

Temporal Adverbs vs. Conjunctions

'Dann' is an adverb, 'wenn' is a conjunction.

Distinction between 'dann' and 'denn'

'Dann' = then, 'Denn' = because.

Examples by Level

Erst essen wir, dann spielen wir.

First we eat, then we play.

Note the inversion: 'dann spielen wir' (verb before subject).

Ich gehe zur Arbeit und dann nach Hause.

I go to work and then home.

'Dann' connects two locations in a sequence.

Trinkst du erst Tee und dann Kaffee?

Do you drink tea first and then coffee?

Question format using 'dann' for sequence.

Bis dann!

See you then! / See you later!

A fixed expression for saying goodbye.

Zuerst kommt der Montag, dann der Dienstag.

First comes Monday, then Tuesday.

Simple temporal sequence.

Dann machen wir eine Pause.

Then we take a break.

'Dann' in position 1 triggers V2.

Was machen wir dann?

What do we do then?

Interrogative use of 'dann'.

Ich lerne Deutsch, dann schlafe ich.

I study German, then I sleep.

Connecting two daily activities.

Wenn die Sonne scheint, dann gehen wir in den Park.

If the sun shines, then we go to the park.

Conditional 'wenn... dann...' structure.

Kommst du mit? Dann freue ich mich.

Are you coming along? Then I'll be happy.

'Dann' refers to the condition of the friend coming.

Zuerst kochen wir, dann essen wir gemeinsam.

First we cook, then we eat together.

Sequence of shared activities.

Wenn du Hilfe brauchst, dann sag es mir.

If you need help, then tell me.

Imperative result in a conditional sentence.

Wir gehen erst ins Kino, und dann gehen wir tanzen.

We go to the cinema first, and then we go dancing.

Using 'und dann' to link two events.

Dann sehen wir uns also morgen um acht.

Then we'll see each other tomorrow at eight.

'Dann' as a concluding confirmation.

Wenn es regnet, dann bleiben wir zu Hause.

If it rains, then we stay at home.

Classic A2 conditional sentence.

Zuerst die Hausaufgaben, dann das Spiel!

First homework, then the game!

Elliptical use (omitting the verb) in daily speech.

Ich habe erst gefrühstückt und dann bin ich zur Arbeit gefahren.

I ate breakfast first and then I drove to work.

Perfect tense sequence with 'dann'.

Wenn du die Prüfung bestehst, dann feiern wir eine große Party.

If you pass the exam, then we'll throw a big party.

Future consequence of a successful condition.

Wir müssen erst planen, dann können wir mit dem Bau beginnen.

We must plan first, then we can start the construction.

Logical sequence in a professional context.

Selbst dann, wenn es schwierig wird, gebe ich nicht auf.

Even then, when it gets difficult, I don't give up.

'Selbst dann' emphasizes persistence.

Dann und wann besuche ich meine Großeltern auf dem Land.

Now and then I visit my grandparents in the countryside.

Idiomatic expression 'dann und wann' (occasionally).

Zuerst war er schüchtern, aber dann wurde er sehr gesprächig.

At first he was shy, but then he became very talkative.

Contrast in behavior over time.

Wenn das Wetter so bleibt, dann wird die Ernte gut.

If the weather stays like this, then the harvest will be good.

Predictive consequence.

Erst die Arbeit, dann das Vergnügen.

First work, then pleasure.

A very common German proverb.

Sollte er nicht kommen, dann müssen wir den Plan ändern.

Should he not come, then we must change the plan.

Inverted conditional clause followed by 'dann'.

Wenn wir jetzt nicht investieren, dann verlieren wir den Anschluss.

If we don't invest now, then we'll lose our competitive edge.

Economic consequence in a formal argument.

Erst durch die Krise wurde uns klar, was dann zu tun war.

Only through the crisis did it become clear to us what had to be done then.

'Dann' referring to a specific point in a past narrative.

Er behauptet, er sei krank, aber dann sehe ich ihn im Fußballstadion.

He claims he is sick, but then I see him in the football stadium.

Using 'dann' to highlight a contradiction.

Wenn du das wirklich glaubst, dann bist du sehr naiv.

If you really believe that, then you are very naive.

Logical deduction about a person's character.

Dann erst begriff ich die Tragweite seiner Entscheidung.

Only then did I realize the significance of his decision.

'Dann erst' emphasizes the delayed realization.

Wir müssen die Kosten senken, dann können wir die Preise halten.

We must reduce costs, then we can keep the prices stable.

Business logic and strategy.

Und was, wenn es dann doch ganz anders kommt?

And what if it turns out completely differently then?

Speculative use of 'dann' in a hypothetical question.

Wenn die Theorie stimmt, dann müsste dieses Experiment gelingen.

If the theory is correct, then this experiment should succeed.

Scientific hypothesis testing.

Man kann nicht einerseits Freiheit fordern und dann jede Verantwortung ablehnen.

One cannot demand freedom on the one hand and then reject all responsibility.

Rhetorical use of 'dann' to expose hypocrisy.

Sollte die Inflation weiter steigen, dann wäre eine Zinserhöhung unumgänglich.

Should inflation continue to rise, then an interest rate hike would be unavoidable.

Complex economic condition using Konjunktiv II.

Erst wenn alle Fakten auf dem Tisch liegen, kann man dann ein Urteil fällen.

Only when all facts are on the table can one then pass judgment.

'Dann' as a resumptive logical marker.

Dann, und nur dann, wenn die Sicherheit garantiert ist, öffnen wir die Grenzen.

Then, and only then, if security is guaranteed, will we open the borders.

Emphatic logical restriction ('dann, und nur dann').

Er zögerte kurz, doch dann entschloss er sich zum Handeln.

He hesitated briefly, but then he decided to act.

Narrative transition in literary style.

Wenn wir die Umwelt zerstören, dann zerstören wir uns letztlich selbst.

If we destroy the environment, then we ultimately destroy ourselves.

Philosophical consequence.

Dann wiederum könnte man argumentieren, dass die Technik nicht alles ist.

Then again, one could argue that technology isn't everything.

'Dann wiederum' introduces a counter-argument.

In der Logik gilt: Wenn A, dann B; wenn aber nicht B, dann auch nicht A.

In logic: If A, then B; but if not B, then also not A.

Formal logical entailment (Modus Tollens).

Dann erst, im Angesicht der Ewigkeit, relativieren sich unsere Sorgen.

Only then, in the face of eternity, do our worries become relative.

Existential and poetic use of 'dann'.

Es ist ein 'Wenn-dann-Gefüge', das die gesamte Rechtsordnung durchzieht.

It is an 'if-then structure' that permeates the entire legal system.

Using 'Wenn-dann' as a compound noun.

Dann, wenn die Schatten länger werden, kehrt Ruhe in das Dorf ein.

Then, when the shadows grow longer, peace returns to the village.

Literary temporal setting.

Man muss die Prämissen akzeptieren, will man dann nicht der Unlogik verfallen.

One must accept the premises if one does not want to then fall into illogic.

Sophisticated placement of 'dann' in a conditional thought.

Dann und nur dann ist eine Versöhnung denkbar, wenn Reue gezeigt wird.

Then and only then is reconciliation conceivable if remorse is shown.

High-level diplomatic or ethical condition.

Erst die Tat, dann das Wort – so lautete sein ungeschriebenes Gesetz.

First the deed, then the word – such was his unwritten law.

Aphoristic use of 'dann' for life principles.

Was aber, wenn dann die Geschichte selbst ein anderes Urteil spricht?

But what if history itself then passes a different judgment?

Rhetorical question about historical consequence.

Common Collocations

und dann

wenn..., dann...

bis dann

dann und wann

dann erst

na dann

erst..., dann...

dann doch

dann mal

selbst dann

Common Phrases

Und dann?

— Used to ask 'And then what happened?' to keep a story going.

Ich habe ihn gesehen. - Und dann?

Dann eben nicht.

— A slightly annoyed way of saying 'Fine, then not' or 'Whatever'.

Willst du kein Eis? Dann eben nicht.

Na dann!

— A conversational filler meaning 'Well then!' or 'Alright then!'

Ich bin fertig. - Na dann, können wir gehen.

Bis dann!

— A standard way to say 'See you later' or 'See you then'.

Wir treffen uns um fünf. - Okay, bis dann!

Dann und nur dann.

— A logical restriction meaning 'Then and only then'.

Wir unterschreiben dann und nur dann, wenn der Preis stimmt.

Was dann?

— Asking about the consequences or the next step.

Wenn das Projekt scheitert, was dann?

Dann mal tau!

— A Northern German regional expression meaning 'Let's get going!'.

Die Arbeit wartet. Dann mal tau!

Dann und wann.

— Meaning 'every now and then' or 'occasionally'.

Wir besuchen sie dann und wann.

Erst ..., dann ...

— The standard way to describe a two-step process.

Erst denken, dann sprechen.

Dann ist ja gut.

— Meaning 'Then everything is fine' or 'That's a relief'.

Ich habe den Schlüssel gefunden. - Dann ist ja gut.

Often Confused With

dann vs denn

English speakers confuse 'dann' (then) with 'denn' (because/filler) due to similar sounds.

dann vs als

Learners use 'dann' for comparisons (like English 'than'), but German requires 'als'.

dann vs damals

Learners use 'dann' to mean 'back then', but 'damals' is for the distant past.

Idioms & Expressions

"Dann ist Polen offen."

— Used to describe a situation that is about to get out of control or chaotic.

Wenn der Chef das sieht, dann ist Polen offen.

informal/idiomatic

"Dann schlägt's aber dreizehn!"

— Used to express that someone has gone too far or that something is outrageous.

Wenn du das noch mal machst, dann schlägt's aber dreizehn!

informal/angry

"Dann ist der Kittel geflickt."

— Meaning 'Then the matter is settled' or 'That's the end of it'.

Bezahl die Rechnung, und dann ist der Kittel geflickt.

regional/colloquial

"Dann ist Schicht im Schacht."

— Meaning 'Then it's over' or 'That's the end of the line'.

Wenn der Strom ausfällt, dann ist Schicht im Schacht.

informal (mining origin)

"Dann ist Sense."

— Meaning 'Then it's finished/dead/over'.

Noch ein Fehler, und dann ist Sense.

slang

"Dann gute Nacht!"

— Used sarcastically to mean 'Then we're in real trouble'.

Wenn er das Auto fährt, dann gute Nacht!

informal

"Dann ist der Ofen aus."

— Meaning 'Then it's all over' or 'There's no hope left'.

Wenn wir kein Geld mehr haben, dann ist der Ofen aus.

informal

"Dann mal los!"

— A cheerful 'Let's go!' or 'Let's get started!'.

Alle sind bereit? Dann mal los!

neutral

"Dann und wann."

— Occasionally; from time to time.

Er schreibt mir dann und wann eine E-Mail.

neutral

"Dann schau'n wir mal."

— A relaxed 'We'll see' or 'Let's wait and see'.

Wird es klappen? Dann schau'n wir mal.

informal (famous quote by Franz Beckenbauer)

Easily Confused

dann vs denn

Phonetic similarity.

'Dann' is temporal/logical (then). 'Denn' is causal (because) or a modal particle.

Ich gehe, denn es ist spät. vs. Erst essen wir, dann gehen wir.

dann vs da

Both can refer to a point in time.

'Da' is more situational or spatial (there/at that point). 'Dann' is more strictly sequential.

Da war ich gerade weg. vs. Dann bin ich weggegangen.

dann vs danach

Synonymous meanings.

'Danach' is a prepositional adverb (after that). 'Dann' is a simple adverb. 'Danach' is often more precise.

Wir essen. Danach gehen wir spazieren.

dann vs damals

Both translate to 'then' in some English contexts.

'Damals' = back in those days. 'Dann' = next in a sequence or at that specific future/past moment.

Damals gab es kein Internet.

dann vs als

English 'than' vs 'then'.

Use 'als' for comparisons (bigger than). Use 'dann' for sequence (then).

Er ist größer als ich.

Sentence Patterns

Zuerst [A], dann [B].

Zuerst Kaffee, dann Arbeit.

Wenn [X], dann [Y].

Wenn du kommst, dann essen wir.

Erst [Verb] ..., dann [Verb] ...

Erst lerne ich, dann schlafe ich.

Dann erst [Verb] [Subject] ...

Dann erst begriff er die Gefahr.

Dann wiederum [Verb] ...

Dann wiederum könnte es anders sein.

Dann und nur dann, wenn ...

Dann und nur dann ist es wahr.

Any

Und dann?

Any

Bis dann!

Word Family

Nouns

Das Dann (rare, philosophical context)

denn

wann

damals

alsdann (archaic/legal)

How to Use It

frequency

Extremely high; one of the top 100 most used words in German.

Common Mistakes

Dann ich gehe nach Hause. → Dann gehe ich nach Hause.
Inversion is required when 'dann' is in the first position.
Ich bin größer dann du. → Ich bin größer als du.
Use 'als' for comparisons, not 'dann'.
Ich bleibe hier, dann es regnet. → Ich bleibe hier, denn es regnet.
Use 'denn' for 'because', not 'dann'.
Dann ich ein Kind war... → Als ich ein Kind war...
Use 'als' or 'wenn' as a conjunction for 'when'. 'Dann' is an adverb.
Dann gab es Ritter. → Damals gab es Ritter.
Use 'damals' for the distant past ('back then').

Tips

Watch the Verb!

Always remember the V2 rule. If 'dann' starts the sentence, the verb must be the second word. 'Dann gehen wir' is correct.

Dann vs. Denn

Remember: D-A-NN (After) vs. D-E-NN (Explanation). This simple trick saves you from the most common beginner error.

Vary Your Connectors

In writing, don't use 'dann' in every sentence. Mix it up with 'danach', 'anschließend', or 'daraufhin'.

Use 'Bis dann!'

It's the perfect, natural way to say goodbye when you have a plan to meet someone later.

If-Then Clarity

Use 'dann' in 'wenn' sentences to make your logical consequences clear and emphatic.

Predicting the Verb

When you hear 'dann' at the start of a sentence, train your ear to expect the verb immediately after.

Na dann...

Use 'Na dann' to sound more like a native speaker when you're accepting a situation or moving on.

No 'Than' here!

Never use 'dann' for comparisons. Use 'als'. 'Besser als', not 'besser dann'.

Sequence Your Day

Practice 'dann' by narrating your daily chores. It's the best way to make the word order instinctive.

The Narrative Engine

Use 'und dann' to keep your stories moving forward and keep your listeners engaged.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'D-A-NN' as 'D-After-NN'. The 'A' stands for 'After'. This helps you remember it's about sequence and distinguish it from 'denn'.

Visual Association

Imagine a staircase. Each step is an action. 'Dann' is the movement from one step to the next higher one.

Word Web

Zuerst Danach Folglich Wenn Zeit Logik Sequence Result

Challenge

Try to describe your entire morning routine using at least five sentences, each connected by 'dann'. Remember the V2 word order!

Word Origin

Derived from Old High German 'thanne' or 'than'. It shares the same Germanic root as the English word 'then'.

Original meaning: Originally, it served both as a temporal marker ('then') and a comparative marker ('than'). Over time, German split these functions, with 'dann' taking the temporal role and 'als' or 'denn' (historically) taking the comparative role.

Indo-European > Germanic > West Germanic > German

Cultural Context

There are no major sensitivities, but be aware that 'Dann ist Polen offen' is an idiom that refers to historical partitions of Poland and should be used with an understanding of its origin.

English speakers often struggle with the 'dann/denn' distinction because English uses 'then' for sequence and 'than' for comparison, which sound similar to the German pair but don't map perfectly.

The 'Wenn-dann' logic in Immanuel Kant's philosophy. Franz Beckenbauer's famous catchphrase: 'Schau'n mer mal, dann seh'n mer scho.' The frequent use of 'Und dann?' in Michael Ende's storytelling.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Daily Routine

Erst frühstücken, dann arbeiten.
Dann gehe ich zum Sport.
Und dann schlafe ich.
Dann mache ich Pause.

Giving Directions

Gehen Sie geradeaus, dann links.
Dann sehen Sie die Kirche.
Fahren Sie weiter, dann rechts.
Dann sind Sie da.

Making Plans

Dann treffen wir uns um sechs.
Bis dann!
Dann machen wir es so.
Was machen wir dann?

Cooking/Recipes

Dann das Gemüse hinzufügen.
Dann 10 Minuten kochen.
Dann servieren.
Erst schneiden, dann braten.

Storytelling

Und dann passierte es.
Aber dann kam er zurück.
Dann war alles vorbei.
Und was war dann?

Conversation Starters

"Was machst du zuerst am Morgen und was machst du dann?"

"Wenn du im Lotto gewinnen würdest, was würdest du dann kaufen?"

"Erst die Arbeit, dann das Vergnügen – stimmst du diesem Sprichwort zu?"

"Wenn wir morgen schönes Wetter haben, was machen wir dann?"

"Erzähl mir eine Geschichte: Zuerst passierte X, und dann...?"

Journal Prompts

Schreibe über deinen gestrigen Tag. Benutze 'dann' mindestens fünfmal, um die Reihenfolge der Ereignisse zu beschreiben.

Was sind deine Pläne für das Wochenende? Wenn es regnet, was machst du dann? Wenn die Sonne scheint, was machst du dann?

Beschreibe ein Rezept für dein Lieblingsessen. Benutze 'dann', um die einzelnen Schritte zu erklären.

Denke an ein Ziel, das du hast. Was musst du zuerst tun, und was kommt dann?

Reflektiere über eine wichtige Entscheidung in deinem Leben. Was ist dann passiert?

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

No, 'dann' can be in the first position (triggering inversion) or in the middle field (after the verb and subject). For example: 'Dann gehen wir' or 'Wir gehen dann'.

No, that is a common mistake. Use 'denn' or 'weil' for 'because'. 'Dann' only means 'then' or 'in that case'.

They are very similar. 'Dann' is 'then', while 'danach' is 'after that'. 'Danach' is slightly more formal and specifically refers back to the preceding action.

It is optional but very common. 'Wenn es regnet, bleiben wir zu Hause' is just as correct as 'Wenn es regnet, dann bleiben wir zu Hause'. The 'dann' adds emphasis.

The most common way is 'Bis dann!'. You can also say 'Bis dahin!' if referring to a specific point in time already mentioned.

Yes, it can describe a sequence in the past: 'Ich sah ihn, und dann rannte er weg.' However, for 'back then', use 'damals'.

Technically, it is an adverb. This is why it causes word order inversion, unlike 'und' or 'aber' which are coordinating conjunctions.

It is an idiom meaning 'every now and then' or 'occasionally'.

No. Never say 'größer dann'. Always use 'größer als'. This is a very common error for English speakers.

It's a conversational filler like 'Well then' or 'Alright then', often used to transition to a new topic or end a conversation.