Reported Speech: Time and Place Changes
Always update time and place markers in reported speech for clarity and logical consistency.
- • Shift time/place words in reported speech to match...
- • Words like 'now' become 'then', 'here' becomes 'th...
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Always update time and place markers in reported speech for clarity and logical consistency.
Report yes/no questions with 'asked if/whether' + subject + verb (backshifted!) for smooth storytelling.
Master reported Wh-questions to sound natural when sharing what others asked.
Master reported commands to smoothly share instructions without direct quotes.
Reporting verbs add depth and nuance to reported speech, making your stories vivid and precise.
Unlock hypothetical dreams and advice with the `Second Conditional` – if plus `Simple Past` leads to would and a `base verb`.
The third conditional imagines how the past could have been different. The situation did NOT happen. Structure: If + past perfect, would have + past participle.
Remembering a past event is 'remember + -ing'; a future obligation is 'remember + to-infinitive'.
Quitting an action? Use '-ing'. Pausing to do something else? Use 'to + verb'.
Differentiate `try to do` (effort) from `try doing` (experiment) to sound more natural and precise.
Master "give up" to express quitting habits, stopping effort, or surrendering gracefully in any conversation.
Master 'bring up' to naturally introduce topics, talk about parenting, and avoid awkward silences (or just awkward grammar).
Master `break down` for clear explanations and talking about unexpected failures.
Mastering 'work out' unlocks clearer communication about effort, solutions, and success.
Mastering 'mean' helps you express intent, define, and clarify with confidence.
Use 'point out' to show or mention important details, always remembering the pronoun rule.
Master `figure out` to confidently express solving problems and understanding complex ideas!
So goes before adjectives and adverbs. Such (a) goes before nouns or adjective + noun. So much/many are used with quantities.
"The + comparative, the + comparative" shows that two things increase or change together. The more you practice, the better you get. Both clauses must use "the" and a comparative form.
"Used to" is about the past. "Be used to" means you are accustomed to something now. "Get used to" describes the process of becoming accustomed. Only the first one is a modal-like structure — the others need -ing or a noun.
-Ed adjectives describe how a person FEELS. -Ing adjectives describe what causes that feeling.
Trust your ears, not your eyes. The sound of the first letter determines if you use 'a' or 'an'.
Use "a/an" for first mentions and general references, "the" for specific or shared-knowledge references, and no article for general plural/uncountable statements.
`A lot` is two words. If you have a lot of things, you have space for a space.
Accent is speech, ascent is a climb, and assent is agreement—three different words, one sound.
Accent is how you say it; dialect is what you say and how you say it.
`Accept` is for agreeing and receiving; `except` is for excluding.
`Access` is your key to get in; `excess` is having too much stuff to carry.
Always use `accidentally`. The adjective is `accidental`, so just add `-ly`.
Across is for surfaces (2D); through is for passing inside something (3D).
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