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B1 noun #6,000 most common 7 min read

به طور انتقادی

be tore entegadi
Practice it Examples Notes & Tips به طور انتقادی in 30 Seconds
Explanation به طور انتقادی in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'به طور انتقادی' is quite advanced. However, you can think of it as 'thinking very carefully'. In Persian, we say 'خوب فکر کن' (think well). This word is like a super version of 'خوب' (well). It means you don't just say 'yes' to everything. You ask 'why?'. Even though you won't use this word in basic greetings, you might see it in books about school. It helps you understand that some words are made of smaller words. 'به' + 'طور' + 'انتقادی'. Just remember: it's for thinking, not for being sick. If you want to tell a friend to look at something carefully, you use this. It is a big word for a big job: using your brain to see what is true and what is not.
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At the A2 level, you are starting to learn how to make adverbs. 'به طور انتقادی' is a great example of this. You know 'انتقاد' means 'criticism'. By adding 'به طور' before the adjective form 'انتقادی', you describe *how* someone does something. For example, 'او به طور انتقادی می‌خواند' (He reads critically). This level is about expanding your vocabulary beyond simple actions. You aren't just reading; you are reading in a specific way. You will start to see this phrase in simple news articles or school textbooks. It is important to notice the 'ی' at the end of 'انتقادی', which makes it an adjective before the 'به طور' turns the whole thing into an adverb.
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As a B1 learner, 'به طور انتقادی' is a key phrase for expressing opinions and participating in discussions. This is the level where you move from describing facts to analyzing ideas. You should use this phrase when discussing books, movies, or news. It shows you have a 'critical mind' (ذهن انتقادی). You will often use it with verbs like 'تحلیل کردن' (to analyze) or 'بررسی کردن' (to examine). At this stage, you should also be careful not to confuse it with 'critically ill'. Remember, this phrase is about the mind and judgment. It's a formal phrase, so it's perfect for writing essays or giving a presentation in class. It helps you sound more professional and thoughtful.
At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using 'به طور انتقادی' in complex sentences. You can use it to qualify your arguments. For instance, 'اگر به طور انتقادی به این موضوع نگاه کنیم، متوجه می‌شویم که...' (If we look at this matter critically, we realize that...). You should also understand the nuance between this and synonyms like 'نقادانه'. B2 learners should be able to identify the use of this phrase in persuasive speeches and academic journals. It is an essential tool for 'Critical Thinking' (تفکر انتقادی), which is a common topic in higher-level Persian language materials. You can also use it to describe a person's personality or approach to life.
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For C1 learners, 'به طور انتقادی' is a standard part of your academic and professional lexicon. You should use it to navigate subtle debates. At this level, you might explore the philosophical roots of 'انتقاد' (critique) in Persian literature, from classical poets to modern thinkers like Jalal Al-e-Ahmad. You can use the phrase to critique complex social structures or historical narratives. You should also be aware of how the phrase can be used to soften a harsh opinion by framing it as an 'analytical' or 'critical' observation rather than a personal attack. Your usage should be precise, often combined with other academic adverbs like 'نظام‌مند' (systematically) or 'جامع' (comprehensively).
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At the C2 level, you use 'به طور انتقادی' with the mastery of a native scholar. you understand its weight in different discourses—from the Frankfurt School's 'Critical Theory' (نظریه انتقادی) translated into Persian, to the nuances of 'Kantian critique'. You can use it to deconstruct texts, identifying underlying assumptions and power structures. You might also use it ironically or to challenge the very notion of 'objectivity'. At this level, you don't just use the phrase; you understand its history in the Iranian intellectual tradition and can engage in high-level debates about the role of the 'critical intellectual' (روشنفکر انتقادی) in society. Your sentences will be complex, using this phrase as a pivot for deep dialectical reasoning.
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Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

به طور انتقادی in 30 Seconds

  • Means 'critically' in an analytical sense.
  • Used in academic, journalistic, and formal contexts.
  • Formed by 'be towr-e' + 'enteghadi'.
  • Not used for medical emergencies.
The Persian phrase به طور انتقادی is a sophisticated adverbial construction that translates directly to 'critically' in English. It is composed of three distinct parts: the preposition 'به' (be) meaning 'to' or 'in', the noun 'طور' (towr) meaning 'manner' or 'way', and the adjective 'انتقادی' (enteghādi) meaning 'critical'. Together, they form a phrase that describes an action performed with careful analysis, skepticism, or deep judgment. This isn't just about finding faults; it is about the intellectual process of evaluation. In Persian discourse, especially in academic and journalistic circles, this phrase signals a departure from superficial understanding. When someone says they are looking at a text به طور انتقادی, they are promising a rigorous examination of its merits and flaws.
Grammatical Function
It functions as an adverb of manner, typically following the verb it modifies or appearing at the beginning of a clause to set the tone for the entire statement.

دانشجویان باید یاد بگیرند که متون را به طور انتقادی تحلیل کنند.

Historically, the root word 'انتقاد' comes from Arabic, referring to the act of 'testing' coins to see if they were genuine or counterfeit. This history perfectly encapsulates the modern usage: separating the 'gold' of truth from the 'lead' of falsehood. You will encounter this phrase in university lectures, literary reviews, and political debates. It is a hallmark of the CEFR B1 level because it moves beyond simple descriptions into the realm of abstract thought and intellectual methodology. Using it correctly shows that the speaker is capable of discussing complex cognitive processes. It is often paired with verbs like 'نگاه کردن' (to look), 'اندیشیدن' (to think), or 'بررسی کردن' (to examine).
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Primarily formal and academic, though it can be used in serious personal conversations regarding life choices or media consumption.

او به مسائل سیاسی به طور انتقادی می‌نگرد.

In a world of 'fake news' and information overload, 'be tow-re enteghadi' is more relevant than ever in the Persian-speaking world, where it is frequently used to encourage media literacy.
Using به طور انتقادی correctly requires understanding its placement within the Persian sentence structure, which is typically SOV (Subject-Object-Verb). Because it is an adverbial phrase, it possesses a certain degree of flexibility, but it most naturally sits right before the verb or immediately after the object. For example, 'I read the book critically' becomes 'من کتاب را به طور انتقادی خواندم'. If you want to emphasize the manner above all else, you can move it to the start of the sentence: 'به طور انتقادی، این موضوع باید بررسی شود' (Critically, this matter must be examined).
Common Verb Pairings
تحلیل کردن (to analyze), ارزیابی کردن (to evaluate), فکر کردن (to think), مطالعه کردن (to study).

ما باید منابع خبری را به طور انتقادی ارزیابی کنیم.

One important nuance is the difference between 'critically' as in 'careful analysis' and 'critically' as in 'finding fault'. In Persian, 'به طور انتقادی' covers both, but context usually leans toward the analytical. If you are criticizing someone harshly, you might use 'با لحنی انتقادی' (with a critical tone) instead. However, in academic writing, 'به طور انتقادی' is the gold standard for expressing deep inquiry.

نویسنده در این مقاله به طور انتقادی به تاریخ معاصر پرداخته است.

Tense Usage
It can be used in any tense, from simple past to future, but is most common in the present continuous or imperative when giving instructions in an educational setting.

همیشه به طور انتقادی فکر کن!

When translating from English, be careful not to confuse it with 'critically ill' (در وضعیت وخیم), which uses a completely different set of words in Persian. 'به طور انتقادی' is strictly for the domain of thought, speech, and analysis.
You are most likely to hear به طور انتقادی in environments where ideas are being dissected. On Iranian television, particularly during panel discussions or 'Roundtable' (میزگرد) programs, moderators often ask guests to view a policy or a cultural phenomenon 'critically'. In the classroom, especially at the university level (دانشگاه), professors constantly urge students to move beyond memorization and toward 'critical analysis' (تحلیل انتقادی) or to read 'critically'.
Media Usage
Journalists use this phrase when reviewing books, films, or government reports to indicate that they are not just summarizing, but evaluating.

منتقد فیلم، اثر جدید را به طور انتقادی بررسی کرد.

In the blogosphere and intellectual YouTube channels in Persian, this phrase is a marker of 'intellectualism' (روشنفکری). It suggests that the speaker is not a passive consumer of information. You might also hear it in professional workshops (کارگاه‌های آموزشی) related to management or psychology, where 'critical thinking' (تفکر انتقادی) is taught as a soft skill.

در این پادکست، ما به مسائل اجتماعی به طور انتقادی نگاه می‌کنیم.

Academic Papers
Abstracts often begin with: 'این مقاله به طور انتقادی به بررسی نظریه‌های موجود می‌پردازد' (This article critically examines existing theories).

او همیشه سعی می‌کند به طور انتقادی با اخبار برخورد کند.

If you are listening to a debate on VOA Persian or BBC Persian, pay attention to how the speakers use this phrase to distance themselves from a simplistic 'pro' or 'con' stance, opting instead for a 'critical' middle ground.
One of the most frequent mistakes for English speakers learning Persian is using به طور انتقادی in medical contexts. In English, we say 'he is critically ill', but in Persian, using this phrase would imply he is being analytical while sick! Instead, you must use 'در وضعیت وخیم' (in a dire situation). Another mistake is confusing the adverbial form with the simple noun 'انتقاد'. You cannot say 'من انتقاد فکر می‌کنم'; you must include 'به طور' to make it an adverb.
Mistaken Identity
Confusing 'انتقادی' (critical) with 'اعتقادی' (religious/belief-related). One letter change (ا vs ع) completely alters the meaning from analysis to faith.

Incorrect: او به طور اعتقادی به مسئله نگاه کرد (He looked at the issue from a belief perspective - not what was intended).

Learners also often misplace the phrase. While Persian is flexible, putting it between a preposition and its noun (like 'در به طور انتقادی کتاب') is ungrammatical. It should modify the action or the entire thought.

Correct: من کتاب را به طور انتقادی خواندم.

Pronunciation Error
Mispronouncing 'انتقادی' as 'enteghadi' with a soft 'g' instead of the Persian 'gh' (ق), which is a uvular stop/fricative. This can make the word hard to recognize for native speakers.

Don't say: 'be towr-e entegadi'. Do say: 'be towr-e enteghādi'.

Finally, avoid overusing it. In casual conversation, constantly saying you are looking at things 'critically' can come across as pretentious or overly formal. Use it when the situation actually calls for intellectual rigor.
While به طور انتقادی is the most standard way to say 'critically', Persian offers several alternatives depending on the desired register and nuance. The most common synonym is نقادانه (naqqādāne). This word is more literary and often used in literary criticism. It combines 'نقاد' (critic/evaluator) with the suffix '-انه' (in the manner of).
Comparison: به طور انتقادی vs. نقادانه
'به طور انتقادی' is more common in modern academic prose, while 'نقادانه' is preferred in high literature and traditional critique.

او دیدگاهی نقادانه نسبت به شعر کلاسیک دارد.

Another alternative is با دیدی تحلیلی (with an analytical eye). This shifts the focus from 'criticism' to 'analysis' and is very common in scientific or logical contexts. If you want to emphasize the fault-finding aspect, you might use با عیب‌جویی (with fault-finding), though this has a negative connotation.

گزارش باید با دیدی تحلیلی نوشته شود.

Synonyms for 'Critical' (Urgent)
For the meaning of 'urgent' or 'crucial', use 'حیاتی' (hayāti) or 'بسیار مهم' (besyār mohem).

این یک تصمیم حیاتی است (This is a critical/vital decision).

Understanding these distinctions helps you avoid using 'به طور انتقادی' in situations where a simpler or more specific word is required. For instance, in a casual debate about a movie, 'نقادانه' might sound a bit too 'university-professor-like', whereas 'به طور انتقادی' is slightly more accessible but still formal.

How Formal Is It?

Formal

"جناب عالی، ما باید این طرح را به طور انتقادی بررسی نماییم."

Neutral

"من ترجیح می‌دهم کتاب را به طور انتقادی بخوانم."

Informal

"زیاد به حرفاش گوش نده، به طور انتقادی فکر کن."

Child friendly

"عزیزم، همیشه بپرس چرا؟ این یعنی به طور انتقادی فکر کردن."

Slang

"طرف خیلی به طور انتقادی فاز برداشته!"

Fun Fact

In modern Persian, the same root 'N-Q-D' is used for 'cash' (نقد/naghd). So, 'critiquing' an idea is etymologically related to 'cashing' it in for its true value.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /be toʊre enteɢɒːdiː/
US /be toʊre enteɢɑːdiː/
The primary stress is on the last syllable of 'enteghādi' (di).
Rhymes With
اقتصادی (eghtesadi) اعتقادی (e'teghadi) انفرادی (enferadi) آزادی (azadi) شادی (shadi) بنیادی (bonyadi) زیادی (ziyadi) عادی (adi)
Common Errors
  • Pronouncing 'gh' as a hard 'g' as in 'game'.
  • Merging 'be' and 'towre' into one word 'betowre' without a slight pause.
  • Misplacing the stress on the first syllable.
  • Pronouncing 'towr' like 'tower'.
  • Shortening the final long 'i' sound.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 3/5

Requires recognizing the 'be towr-e' construction.

Writing 4/5

Spelling 'enteghadi' with 'ghaf' (ق) is crucial.

Speaking 3/5

Pronunciation of 'gh' is the main hurdle.

Listening 3/5

Often used in fast-paced news or lectures.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

انتقاد طور فکر کردن بررسی تحلیل

Learn Next

نظریه گفتمان پارادایم ساختار محتوا

Advanced

هرمنوتیک واسازی پدیدارشناسی دیالکتیک تبارشناسی

Grammar to Know

Adverb formation with 'be towr-e'

به طور جدی (Seriously), به طور خلاصه (Briefly)

The 'Ya-ye Nesbat' (Suffix -i)

اقتصاد -> اقتصادی (Economy -> Economic)

Ezafe construction in adverbs

به طورِ انتقادی (The silent 'e' connecting towr and enteghadi)

Word order for adverbs of manner

Usually before the verb: او به طور انتقادی نوشت.

Prepositions with 'enteghad'

انتقاد *از* کسی (Criticism *of* someone)

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Examples by Level

1

او به طور انتقادی فکر می‌کند.

He thinks critically.

Simple present tense with adverbial phrase.

2

به طور انتقادی گوش بده.

Listen critically.

Imperative form.

3

کتاب را به طور انتقادی بخوان.

Read the book critically.

Direct object with 'ra' followed by adverb.

4

او به طور انتقادی نگاه کرد.

He looked critically.

Simple past tense.

5

ما باید به طور انتقادی بشنویم.

We must hear critically.

Modal verb 'must' (bayad).

6

این درس را به طور انتقادی یاد بگیر.

Learn this lesson critically.

Imperative with demonstrative adjective 'in'.

7

او به طور انتقادی سوال می‌پرسد.

He asks questions critically.

Compound verb 'soal porsidan'.

8

آنها به طور انتقادی کار می‌کنند.

They work critically.

Third person plural.

1

من سعی می‌کنم به طور انتقادی به اخبار نگاه کنم.

I try to look at the news critically.

Infinitive construction 'sa'y kardan'.

2

آیا شما به طور انتقادی مطالعه می‌کنید؟

Do you study critically?

Interrogative sentence.

3

او همیشه به طور انتقادی به حرف‌های من گوش می‌دهد.

He always listens to my words critically.

Use of frequency adverb 'hamishe'.

4

ما این فیلم را به طور انتقادی دیدیم.

We saw this movie critically.

Simple past with direct object.

5

معلم گفت: به طور انتقادی فکر کنید.

The teacher said: think critically.

Quotation with imperative.

6

او به طور انتقادی به عکس‌ها نگاه کرد.

He looked at the photos critically.

Prepositional phrase 'be aks-ha'.

7

بچه‌ها باید به طور انتقادی بازی کنند.

Children should play critically (strategically).

Modal 'bayad' with compound verb.

8

او به طور انتقادی به زندگی نگاه می‌کند.

He looks at life critically.

Present continuous sense.

1

برای حل این مشکل، باید به طور انتقادی فکر کنیم.

To solve this problem, we must think critically.

Purpose clause with 'baraye'.

2

او مقاله‌اش را به طور انتقادی بازنویسی کرد.

He rewrote his article critically.

Compound verb 'baznevisi kardan'.

3

ما باید به طور انتقادی به تبلیغات توجه کنیم.

We must pay attention to advertisements critically.

Compound verb 'tavajjoh kardan'.

4

او به طور انتقادی به سنت‌ها معترض است.

He is critically protesting against traditions.

Adjective 'mo'terez' with adverbial phrase.

5

این کتاب به طور انتقادی به تاریخ می‌پردازد.

This book critically deals with history.

Verb 'pardakhtan' meaning 'to deal with'.

6

او به طور انتقادی از دولت انتقاد کرد.

He critically criticized the government.

Tautological but common usage.

7

ما باید به طور انتقادی به خودمان نگاه کنیم.

We must look at ourselves critically.

Reflexive pronoun 'khodeman'.

8

او به طور انتقادی به نظریه‌های علمی پاسخ داد.

He responded to scientific theories critically.

Compound verb 'pasokh dadan'.

1

تحلیلگر مسائل را به طور انتقادی کالبدشکافی کرد.

The analyst critically dissected the issues.

Metaphorical use of 'kalbod-shekafi'.

2

او به طور انتقادی به ساختارهای قدرت می‌نگرد.

He looks at power structures critically.

Formal verb 'negaristan'.

3

دانشجویان تشویق شدند که به طور انتقادی بحث کنند.

Students were encouraged to debate critically.

Passive voice 'tashvigh shodand'.

4

این مستند به طور انتقادی به مصرف‌گرایی حمله می‌کند.

This documentary critically attacks consumerism.

Verb 'hamle kardan'.

5

او به طور انتقادی به بررسی پیش‌فرض‌های ما پرداخت.

He critically examined our assumptions.

Noun 'pish-farz' (assumption).

6

ما نباید هر چیزی را بدون فکر کردن به طور انتقادی بپذیریم.

We should not accept anything without thinking critically.

Negative modal 'nabayad'.

7

او به طور انتقادی به نقش رسانه‌ها در جامعه اشاره کرد.

He critically pointed out the role of media in society.

Verb 'eshare kardan'.

8

این گزارش به طور انتقادی عملکرد شرکت را ارزیابی می‌کند.

This report critically evaluates the company's performance.

Noun 'amalkard' (performance).

1

او به طور انتقادی به بازنمایی‌های جنسیتی در ادبیات پرداخت.

He critically addressed gender representations in literature.

Complex noun phrase 'baz-namayi-haye jensiyati'.

2

نویسنده به طور انتقادی مفاهیم مدرنیته را به چالش کشید.

The author critically challenged the concepts of modernity.

Idiom 'be chalesh keshidan'.

3

این فیلسوف به طور انتقادی به عقلانیت ابزاری می‌تازد.

This philosopher critically attacks instrumental rationality.

Literary verb 'tazidan' (to rush/attack).

4

او به طور انتقادی به پارادایم‌های حاکم بر علم سیاست نگریست.

He critically looked at the dominant paradigms in political science.

Academic term 'paradigm'.

5

ما باید به طور انتقادی به میراث استعماری خود بیندیشیم.

We must critically reflect on our colonial legacy.

Formal verb 'andishidan'.

6

او به طور انتقادی به تضادهای درونی این نظریه اشاره داشت.

He critically noted the internal contradictions of this theory.

Noun 'tazad' (contradiction).

7

این منتقد به طور انتقادی به زیبایی‌شناسی فیلم‌های معاصر پرداخت.

This critic critically addressed the aesthetics of contemporary films.

Abstract noun 'zibayi-shenasi'.

8

او به طور انتقادی به گفتمان‌های مسلط در جامعه واکنش نشان داد.

He critically reacted to the dominant discourses in society.

Sociological term 'gofteman' (discourse).

1

او به طور انتقادی به واسازی متون کلاسیک همت گماشت.

He critically committed himself to the deconstruction of classical texts.

Highly formal idiom 'hemmat gomashtan'.

2

این رساله به طور انتقادی به تبارشناسی قدرت در خاورمیانه می‌پردازد.

This dissertation critically addresses the genealogy of power in the Middle East.

Foucaultian term 'tabar-shenasi'.

3

او به طور انتقادی به دیالکتیک میان ذهن و عین نگریست.

He critically looked at the dialectic between subject and object.

Philosophical terms 'zehn' and 'eyn'.

4

منتقد به طور انتقادی به تقابل‌های دوگانه در ساختار داستان حمله کرد.

The critic critically attacked the binary oppositions in the story's structure.

Structuralist term 'taghabol-haye dogane'.

5

او به طور انتقادی به هرمنوتیک فهم در علوم انسانی پرداخت.

He critically addressed the hermeneutics of understanding in the humanities.

Term 'hermenutik'.

6

این متفکر به طور انتقادی به استیلای تکنولوژی بر زیست‌جهان ما می‌تازد.

This thinker critically attacks the dominance of technology over our life-world.

Phenomenological term 'zist-jahan'.

7

او به طور انتقادی به بازاندیشی در مفاهیم هویت ملی پرداخت.

He critically engaged in rethinking concepts of national identity.

Noun 'baz-andishi' (rethinking).

8

تحلیل او به طور انتقادی به نقدِ نقدِ عقل محض کانت شباهت داشت.

His analysis critically resembled a critique of Kant's Critique of Pure Reason.

Recursive philosophical reference.

Common Collocations

تحلیل به طور انتقادی
نگاه به طور انتقادی
اندیشیدن به طور انتقادی
بررسی به طور انتقادی
مطالعه به طور انتقادی
ارزیابی به طور انتقادی
پاسخ به طور انتقادی
گوش دادن به طور انتقادی
نوشتن به طور انتقادی
برخورد به طور انتقادی

Common Phrases

تفکر انتقادی

— Critical Thinking. The mental process of objective analysis.

تفکر انتقادی در مدارس تدریس می‌شود.

تحلیل انتقادی

— Critical Analysis. A detailed evaluation of a text or idea.

این یک تحلیل انتقادی از اقتصاد است.

نظریه انتقادی

— Critical Theory. A social philosophy that focuses on society and culture.

او در زمینه نظریه انتقادی تخصص دارد.

نگاه انتقادی

— Critical look/perspective. An analytical viewpoint.

نگاه انتقادی به تاریخ لازم است.

متن انتقادی

— Critical text. A text that provides a critique.

او یک متن انتقادی منتشر کرد.

زبان انتقادی

— Critical language. Using words that evaluate or judge.

او با زبان انتقادی صحبت کرد.

رویکرد انتقادی

— Critical approach. A method based on critique.

رویکرد انتقادی به مسائل اجتماعی.

منتقد انتقادی

— Redundant phrase but used to emphasize a critic's analytical nature.

او یک منتقد انتقادی است.

فاصله انتقادی

— Critical distance. Maintaining objectivity.

باید فاصله انتقادی را حفظ کرد.

نسخه انتقادی

— Critical edition. A scholarly version of a text.

نسخه انتقادی شاهنامه.

Often Confused With

به طور انتقادی vs به طور اعتقادی

Means 'from a belief perspective'. Easy to confuse due to spelling.

به طور انتقادی vs به طور جدی

Means 'seriously'. While related, 'critically' implies analysis, not just intensity.

به طور انتقادی vs در وضعیت وخیم

Used for medical 'critical' status. Never use 'be towr-e enteghadi' here.

Idioms & Expressions

"مو را از ماست کشیدن"

— To be extremely meticulous and critical in analysis.

او در بررسی حساب‌ها مو را از ماست می‌کشد.

Informal/Proverbial
"زیر ذره‌بین گذاشتن"

— To put something under the magnifying glass; to scrutinize critically.

پلیس تمام مدارک را زیر ذره‌بین گذاشت.

Neutral
"مته به خشخاش گذاشتن"

— To be over-critical about tiny, unimportant details.

اینقدر مته به خشخاش نگذار!

Informal
"سره را از ناسره تشخیص دادن"

— To distinguish the genuine from the fake (literally: pure gold from alloy).

او می‌تواند به طور انتقادی سره را از ناسره تشخیص دهد.

Literary
"پنبه کسی را زدن"

— To critically destroy someone's reputation or argument.

در مناظره، او پنبه رقیبش را زد.

Slang/Informal
"به چالش کشیدن"

— To challenge something critically.

او نظریه قدیمی را به چالش کشید.

Formal
"یک‌طرفه به قاضی رفتن"

— To judge without being critical of one's own bias (literally: to go to the judge alone).

نباید یک‌طرفه به قاضی بروی.

Informal
"چشم‌بسته قبول کردن"

— To accept something without critical thought (blindly).

حرف‌هایش را چشم‌بسته قبول نکن.

Informal
"دندان شمردن"

— To look at something so critically that you count the teeth (to be very shrewd).

او دندان اسب پیشکشی را نمی‌شمارد اما به طور انتقادی بررسی می‌کند.

Archaic/Idiomatic
"پوست انداختن"

— In a critical sense, to undergo a deep transformation of thought.

جامعه در حال پوست انداختن انتقادی است.

Literary

Easily Confused

به طور انتقادی vs انتقام

Sounds similar.

Means 'revenge'. 'Enteghad' is criticism.

او انتقام گرفت (He took revenge).

به طور انتقادی vs اعتقاد

One letter difference.

Means 'belief'.

او به خدا اعتقاد دارد.

به طور انتقادی vs انعقاد

Scientific term.

Means 'coagulation' or 'signing (a contract)'.

انعقاد قرارداد.

به طور انتقادی vs انتقال

Common word.

Means 'transfer'.

انتقال خون (Blood transfer).

به طور انتقادی vs انفجار

Phonetically somewhat similar in fast speech.

Means 'explosion'.

انفجار بمب.

Sentence Patterns

B1

من [Object] را به طور انتقادی [Verb].

من خبر را به طور انتقادی شنیدم.

B2

باید به [Topic] به طور انتقادی نگریست.

باید به این قانون به طور انتقادی نگریست.

C1

این مقاله به طور انتقادی به بررسی [Topic] می‌پردازد.

این مقاله به طور انتقادی به بررسی فمینیسم می‌پردازد.

C2

در مواجهه با [Topic]، رویکرد به طور انتقادی الزامی است.

در مواجهه با مدرنیته، رویکرد به طور انتقادی الزامی است.

Word Family

Nouns

Verbs

Adjectives

Related

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How to Use It

frequency

Common in educated speech and writing.

Common Mistakes
  • Using it for 'critically ill'. → در وضعیت وخیم

    Medical 'critical' is different from analytical 'critical'.

  • Saying 'به طور انتقاد'. → به طور انتقادی

    You need the adjective form after 'be towr-e'.

  • Spelling it 'انتغادی'. → انتقادی

    The letter 'ق' is correct, not 'غ'.

Tips

Adverb Placement

Place it right before the verb for the most natural sound.

Root Recognition

Remember the root N-Q-D (نقد) to connect it to 'criticism' and 'cash'.

Intellectualism

Using this phrase marks you as an 'educated' speaker in Persian.

The Ghaf Sound

Practice the 'gh' (ق) sound as if you are gargling slightly.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Enteghad' as 'Enter the God' (of logic). To be critical, you must enter a higher state of analysis.

Visual Association

Imagine a person holding a magnifying glass ('be towr-e') over a puzzle ('enteghadi').

Word Web

Logic Skepticism Analysis Judgment Truth University Review Debate

Challenge

Try to find one news headline today and describe it 'be towr-e enteghadi' to a friend.

Word Origin

The phrase is a hybrid construction. 'Be towr-e' is Persian-Arabic, while 'Enteghadi' comes from the Arabic root N-Q-D (نقد).

Original meaning: The root N-Q-D originally referred to the testing of coins to distinguish genuine gold from base metals.

Indo-European (Persian) structure with Semitic (Arabic) loanwords.

Cultural Context

Be careful when using this phrase with elders in a traditional setting; it might be perceived as 'challenging authority' rather than 'analytical thinking'.

In English-speaking academia, 'critical' is often a positive term for 'deep thinking', whereas in some casual contexts it sounds negative. Persian follows a similar split.

Critical Theory (نظریه انتقادی) in Iranian sociology. The book 'Critique of Pure Reason' translated as 'سنجش خرد ناب' but discussed 'enteghadi'. Modern Iranian cinema, which is often described as 'سینمای انتقادی' (Critical Cinema).

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

University

  • تحلیل انتقادی مقاله
  • تفکر انتقادی در کلاس
  • نوشتن به طور انتقادی
  • ارزیابی منابع

Journalism

  • گزارش انتقادی
  • نگاه به طور انتقادی به خبر
  • مصاحبه انتقادی
  • بررسی عملکرد دولت

Book Club

  • نقد کتاب
  • به طور انتقادی خواندن
  • شخصیت‌پردازی انتقادی
  • سبک نویسنده

Personal Growth

  • خودانتقادی سازنده
  • به طور انتقادی به خود نگریستن
  • تصمیم‌گیری انتقادی
  • شکوفایی ذهن

Politics

  • مخالفت انتقادی
  • بررسی به طور انتقادی قوانین
  • گفتمان انتقادی
  • روشنفکری

Conversation Starters

"چطور می‌توانیم به طور انتقادی به اخبار نگاه کنیم؟"

"آیا در مدارس شما تفکر انتقادی تدریس می‌شود؟"

"به نظر شما، بهترین راه برای تحلیل به طور انتقادی چیست؟"

"چرا بعضی‌ها از نگاه به طور انتقادی می‌ترسند؟"

"آیا تا به حال فیلمی را به طور انتقادی نقد کرده‌اید؟"

Journal Prompts

امروز یک خبر را انتخاب کنید و آن را به طور انتقادی تحلیل کنید.

درباره زمانی بنویسید که یک نفر به طور انتقادی از شما انتقاد کرد. چه حسی داشتید؟

چگونه تفکر به طور انتقادی می‌تواند زندگی روزمره ما را بهتر کند؟

یک کتاب که اخیراً خوانده‌اید را به طور انتقادی بررسی کنید.

آیا فکر می‌کنید شبکه‌های اجتماعی مانع از اندیشیدن به طور انتقادی می‌شوند؟

Frequently Asked Questions

5 questions

No. In Persian, like in English, 'critically' usually refers to deep analysis, which can result in both positive and negative findings.

Absolutely not. For medical emergencies, use 'وضعیت وخیم'.

'نقادانه' is more literary and often used in art/literature. 'به طور انتقادی' is more common in general academic and news contexts.

Only if the conversation is about serious topics like news, books, or politics. It's too formal for 'I critically chose this apple'.

It is 'به' (be) + 'طور' (towr) + 'انتقادی' (enteghadi). Note the 'T' is 'ط' (te-daste-dar) and the 'Gh' is 'ق' (ghaf).

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Test Yourself 183 questions

writing

Write a sentence using 'به طور انتقادی' and 'کتاب'.

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speaking

Say 'Think critically' in Persian.

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listening

Listen to the sentence: 'او به طور انتقادی از ما پرسید.' What did he do?

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writing

Translate: 'We must evaluate the results critically.'

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speaking

Explain 'Critical Thinking' in Persian.

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writing

Use 'به طور انتقادی' in a question.

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speaking

Pronounce 'Enteghadi'.

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writing

Translate: 'He looked at me critically.'

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speaking

Give an example of 'Critical Thinking'.

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writing

Write about a movie you dislike critically.

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speaking

Use 'به طور انتقادی' in a sentence about politics.

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writing

Translate: 'Critically analyze the data.'

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speaking

Say: 'I am reading critically.'

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writing

Write a sentence using 'تحلیل' and 'به طور انتقادی'.

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speaking

Ask: 'Why should we think critically?'

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writing

Translate: 'He is a critical person.'

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speaking

Say 'Critically analyze' fast.

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writing

Translate: 'The report was critically examined.'

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speaking

Use it to describe a journalist.

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writing

Translate: 'Don't accept it without thinking critically.'

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speaking

Give a synonym for 'به طور انتقادی'.

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writing

Write a sentence about self-reflection.

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speaking

Say 'Be critical' to a classmate.

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writing

Translate: 'She evaluates her students critically.'

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speaking

Ask 'Do you read critically?'

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writing

Write a sentence about a debate.

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speaking

Say: 'Analyze this critically.'

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writing

Translate: 'A critical approach is necessary.'

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speaking

Summarize the word in one sentence.

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writing

Translate: 'I am thinking critically about my future.'

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speaking

Say: 'Critically listen to the radio.'

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writing

Write a sentence about a news report.

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speaking

Ask: 'Is this analysis critical?'

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writing

Translate: 'We must critically evaluate the source.'

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speaking

Say: 'Think critically about your life.'

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writing

Write a sentence using 'اخبار'.

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speaking

Say: 'Analyze the text critically.'

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writing

Translate: 'We must critically evaluate the source.'

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speaking

Say: 'Think critically about your life.'

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writing

Write a sentence using 'اخبار'.

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speaking

Say: 'Analyze the text critically.'

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