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रोष करना

B1 verb 10 min read

रोष करना

rosh karna

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips रोष करना in 30 Seconds

Explanation रोष करना in your Level:

At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn how to express feelings. You probably already know the word 'Gussa' (anger). Think of 'Rosh karna' as a very 'big' and 'serious' version of 'Gussa'. You don't need to use this word every day. You will mostly see it in books or hear it on the news. Imagine a king in a story who is very angry because someone was mean to his people. He wouldn't just be 'angry'; he would show 'Rosh'. In A1, just remember that 'Rosh' is a formal word for being very, very angry because something is not fair. It is like saying 'I am very upset because this is wrong.' You use 'karna' (to do) with it. For example: 'He showed rosh.' In Hindi: 'Usne rosh kiya.' It is a special word for special, serious times. Don't worry about using it with your friends yet; just try to recognize it when you hear it in a movie or a serious story.

For A2 learners, it is important to understand the difference between 'Gussa' and 'Rosh'. While 'Gussa' is common and can be used for small things (like losing your keys), 'Rosh karna' is used for bigger things. It is a compound verb. This means 'Rosh' (fury) + 'Karna' (to do). In A2, you should start noticing that this word is often used with the word 'par' (on/at). You show 'Rosh' *on* someone or *on* something. For example, 'The teacher showed rosh at the student' (Adhyapak ne chhatra par rosh kiya). Also, remember the 'ne' rule for the past tense. Because 'karna' is a doing word, you say 'Maine rosh kiya' (I showed fury). You will hear this word in Hindi news when people are protesting. If you see a group of people shouting on TV because prices are high, the news reporter might say they are 'rosh kar rahe hain'. It makes the anger sound more important and official.

At the B1 level, you should be able to use 'रोष करना' (rosh karna) in specific contexts, particularly when discussing social issues, history, or literature. At this intermediate stage, you understand that 'rosh' isn't just a feeling; it's a 'justified indignation'. It is the kind of anger you feel when you see something unfair happening in the world. Grammatically, you should be comfortable using it in various tenses: 'rosh karega' (will show fury), 'rosh kar raha tha' (was showing fury). You should also notice how it is different from 'krodh'. While 'krodh' is often negative and out of control, 'rosh' can be seen as a positive, moral reaction. It is the anger of a person who cares about justice. If you are writing an essay in Hindi about environmental pollution or corruption, 'rosh karna' is a much better choice than 'gussa hona' because it reflects a mature, serious perspective. It shows you have a deeper grasp of Hindi synonyms and their nuances.

At the B2 level, you are expected to handle the nuance and register of 'रोष करना' with precision. You should understand that this word carries a 'tatsama' (Sanskrit-derived) weight, which automatically elevates the tone of your speech or writing. B2 learners should be able to distinguish between 'rosh karna' (the act of showing fury) and 'rosh vyakt karna' (the act of expressing indignation), noting that the latter is even more formal. You should also be able to use it in complex sentences with subordinating conjunctions. For example: 'Halaanki unhone seedhe taur par rosh nahi kiya, lekin unki aankhon mein narazgi saaf thi' (Although he didn't directly show fury, the displeasure in his eyes was clear). You should also be aware of the cultural implication: in South Asian contexts, 'rosh' often implies a sense of 'maryada' (dignity) even within anger. It is a controlled, focused indignation. Using this word correctly in a debate or a formal letter will significantly boost your perceived fluency.

For C1 learners, 'रोष करना' is a tool for stylistic expression. You should be able to analyze its use in classical and modern Hindi literature. At this level, you understand that 'rosh' can be a thematic element—for instance, the 'rosh' of the marginalized against an oppressive system. You should be able to use it metaphorically or in idiomatic ways. You should also be familiar with its word family, such as 'rosh-purna' (full of fury) or 'rosh-purvak' (furiously/with indignation). Your usage should reflect an understanding of how 'rosh' interacts with other high-level concepts like 'kshobh' (agitation/anguish) or 'prakop' (wrath/calamity). In a C1 level discussion, you might explore whether a character's 'rosh' was 'uchit' (justified) or 'anuchit' (unjustified), using the word to navigate complex moral landscapes. You should also be perfectly comfortable with the ergative construction (the 'ne' particle) and all its nuances in the past tense, even in passive or causative-like structures.

At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of 'रोष करना' and can use it with absolute rhetorical flair. You understand its etymological roots in Sanskrit and how it has evolved in Hindi literature from the Bhakti era to contemporary Dalit literature. You can discern the subtle difference between 'rosh' in a poem by Dinkar versus its use in a government press release. You are capable of using 'rosh karna' to create specific atmospheres in your writing—perhaps using it to evoke a sense of epic grandeur or to highlight a sharp, intellectual critique. You can manipulate the word within complex grammatical frameworks, including perfective participles and conditional clauses, without hesitation. For a C2 speaker, 'rosh karna' is not just a vocabulary item but a cultural signifier that you can deploy to influence your audience, whether you are delivering a keynote speech, writing a literary critique, or engaging in high-level diplomatic negotiation. You understand its power to validate a grievance and its ability to transform a personal feeling into a collective movement.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

रोष करना in 30 Seconds

A formal verb meaning to show indignation or righteous fury.
Used for serious matters like injustice, corruption, or moral violations.
Higher register than 'gussa karna'; common in news and literature.
Requires 'par' for the target and 'ne' in the past tense.

The Hindi verb रोष करना (rosh karna) is a sophisticated and emotionally charged expression that transcends the common notion of mere anger. While the everyday word for anger in Hindi is 'ग़ुस्सा' (gussa), 'रोष' (rosh) carries a weight of formal indignation, righteous fury, or a deep-seated resentment stemming from a perceived injustice. It is a compound verb where 'रोष' (a noun meaning wrath or fury) combines with 'करना' (the auxiliary verb 'to do'). When an individual or a collective group decides to rosh karna, they are not just losing their temper; they are expressing a profound dissatisfaction that is often justified by moral or social standards. This term is most frequently encountered in literary works, formal speeches, journalistic reports, and historical narratives where the gravity of the situation demands a more potent vocabulary than colloquial terms.

Register and Tone: This term belongs to the 'tatsama' category of Hindi words, meaning it is derived directly from Sanskrit. Consequently, it occupies a high linguistic register. You would use it when describing a public protest, a character's reaction to betrayal in a novel, or a formal complaint against an authority figure. It is rarely used in casual banter between friends unless one is being deliberately dramatic or poetic.
Emotional Nuance: Unlike 'krodh' (rage), which can be blind and destructive, 'rosh' often implies a conscious awareness of the reason behind the anger. It is the feeling of 'indignation'—the anger provoked by what is perceived as unfair treatment. When you 'rosh karte hain,' you are signaling that your boundaries have been violated or that a moral line has been crossed.

जनता ने भ्रष्ट अधिकारियों के विरुद्ध कड़ा रोष किया। (The public expressed strong indignation against the corrupt officials.)

In the context of modern Indian society, you will see this phrase in newspaper headlines. For instance, if a new law is passed that the public finds detrimental, the headline might read 'ग्रामीणों ने नई नीति पर रोष व्यक्त किया' (Villagers expressed/showed fury over the new policy). Although 'vyakt karna' (to express) is often used as a synonym for 'karna' in this context, 'rosh karna' as a direct action emphasizes the active state of being in fury. It is a word that demands attention and respect, suggesting that the person feeling the emotion has a legitimate grievance.

बिना कारण किसी पर रोष करना उचित नहीं है। (It is not appropriate to show fury toward anyone without a reason.)

Historically, in epics like the Ramayana or Mahabharata, kings and sages are often described as performing 'rosh' when dharma (righteousness) is violated. This gives the word a timeless quality. It is not just a fleeting emotion but a reaction to the disturbance of the natural or moral order. Therefore, when a learner uses this word, they are tapping into a deep well of cultural and linguistic history that signals a high level of proficiency in Hindi.

गुरु ने शिष्य की अज्ञानता पर रोष किया। (The teacher showed indignation at the disciple's ignorance.)

Cultural Context: In Indian culture, expressing anger openly is often discouraged in polite society. However, 'rosh' is seen as a more 'dignified' form of anger. It suggests that the speaker is controlled and has a valid point, making it a powerful tool in rhetoric and debate.

Using रोष करना (rosh karna) correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical structure as a transitive-like compound verb and its placement within different tenses. Because it is a formal word, the sentences it appears in are often structured with precise grammar and sophisticated vocabulary. Unlike 'gussa hona' (to be angry), which is intransitive and describes a state, 'rosh karna' describes an action—the act of manifesting or displaying that fury.

Sentence Structure: The typical structure is [Subject] + [Object/Reason + पर (par)] + [रोष करना]. The postposition 'पर' (on/at) is crucial because it identifies the target of the indignation. For example, 'पिता ने पुत्र पर रोष किया' (The father showed indignation at the son).

जब मंत्री ने झूठ बोला, तो विपक्षी दलों ने सदन में रोष किया। (When the minister lied, the opposition parties showed indignation in the house.)

In the past tense, since 'करना' is a transitive verb, the subject takes the 'ने' (ne) particle. This is a common point of confusion for learners. If you are saying 'I showed fury,' you must say 'मैंने रोष किया' (Maine rosh kiya), not 'मैं रोष किया'. This grammatical requirement reinforces the formal nature of the expression. In the continuous tense, it becomes 'रोष कर रहे हैं' (are showing fury), often used to describe ongoing protests or public sentiment.

समाज के बुद्धिजीवी इस अन्याय पर रोष कर रहे हैं। (The intellectuals of society are expressing indignation at this injustice.)

The verb can also be used in the imperative form, though this is rare. One might say 'अन्याय पर रोष करना सीखो' (Learn to show indignation at injustice). This usage highlights the moral imperative often associated with the word. It suggests that staying silent in the face of wrong is a failure, and 'rosh karna' is the appropriate, ethical response.

उनकी बातों में छिपा रोष स्पष्ट था, हालांकि उन्होंने सीधे तौर पर रोष नहीं किया। (The indignation hidden in his words was clear, although he did not directly show fury.)

Negation: To negate the action, place 'नहीं' (nahi) before 'किया' or 'करना'. For example, 'उसने अपनी हार पर रोष नहीं किया' (He did not show indignation at his defeat). This often implies a sense of stoicism or sportsmanship.

The environment in which you encounter रोष करना (rosh karna) significantly defines its meaning. Because of its formal and heavy nature, it is a staple of specific domains in Hindi-speaking life. Understanding these contexts will help you recognize the word and use it with the appropriate gravity.

1. News and Journalism: In Hindi news broadcasts (like Aaj Tak or NDTV India) and newspapers (like Dainik Bhaskar), 'rosh' is the go-to word for public anger. Reporters use it to describe the mood of a crowd after a tragic event or a controversial government decision. It sounds more objective and serious than saying people are 'angry'. It suggests a 'legitimate public outcry'.

बढ़ती महंगाई को लेकर आम जनता ने सड़कों पर उतरकर रोष किया। (Regarding the rising inflation, the general public took to the streets and showed indignation.)

2. **Literature and Poetry:** In Hindi 'Sahitya' (literature), 'rosh' is used to describe the internal turmoil of a protagonist. If a character in a Premchand novel or a modern short story feels betrayed by their family or society, the author will use 'rosh' to elevate the emotion from a simple petty grudge to a monumental feeling of being wronged. It adds a layer of 'Abhimaan' (pride) to the anger.

कवि की कविताओं में व्यवस्था के प्रति गहरा रोष झलकता है। (A deep indignation toward the system is reflected in the poet's poems.)

3. **Political Debates:** During parliamentary sessions or high-stakes political debates, politicians use 'rosh karna' to criticize their opponents' actions. Saying 'हम इस निर्णय पर रोष करते हैं' (We show indignation at this decision) sounds more powerful and principled than a simple 'हमें यह पसंद नहीं' (We don't like this).

4. Historical Dramas and Cinema: In Bollywood movies set in historical periods or in TV shows like 'Mahabharat', characters use Sanskritized Hindi. Here, 'rosh' is the standard word for the wrath of a warrior or a deity. When a king is insulted, he doesn't just get mad; he 'rosh karta hai'.

द्रौपदी ने सभा में अपने अपमान पर भारी रोष किया। (Draupadi showed immense indignation at her insult in the assembly.)

5. **Legal and Official Documents:** While less common than in journalism, you might see 'rosh' in formal petitions or letters of protest submitted to government bodies. It frames the anger as a formal grievance that requires a formal response.

Learning to use रोष करना (rosh karna) correctly involves avoiding several common pitfalls that English speakers and even native Hindi speakers might fall into. These mistakes usually involve register, grammar, or synonym confusion.

1. Register Mismatch: The most common mistake is using 'rosh karna' in a casual, everyday context. If your friend is late for a movie, saying 'मैंने तुम पर रोष किया' (I showed indignation at you) sounds incredibly stiff and unnatural, almost like you are reading from a 19th-century play. In this case, 'मुझे ग़ुस्सा आया' (I got angry) is the correct choice.

Incorrect: मम्मी ने मुझ पर रोष किया क्योंकि मैंने खाना नहीं खाया। (Mom showed indignation at me because I didn't eat.)
Better: मम्मी को मुझ पर ग़ुस्सा आया।

2. **Confusing 'Rosh' with 'Krodh':** While both mean anger, 'Krodh' is more about the raw, explosive energy of rage. 'Rosh' is more about the 'feeling of being wronged'. Using 'rosh karna' when someone is physically violent or losing control is slightly inaccurate; 'krodhit hona' or 'aapa khona' (losing one's cool) would be more appropriate.

3. **Grammatical Errors with 'Ne' (ने):** As mentioned before, because 'rosh karna' is treated as a transitive compound in the past tense, learners often forget to use the 'ne' particle with the subject. Remember: 'उसने रोष किया' (He showed indignation), NOT 'वह रोष किया'.

Mistake: लोग रोष किए।
Correct: लोगों ने रोष किया। (The people showed indignation.)

4. **Incorrect Postposition:** Learners sometimes use 'से' (se - from/with) instead of 'पर' (par - on/at). While 'gussa hona' can sometimes take 'se' in certain dialects, 'rosh karna' strictly takes 'पर' to indicate the object of the indignation.

5. Overusing the Noun Form: Sometimes learners just say 'मुझे रोष है' (I have indignation). While grammatically okay, it's less common than 'रोष करना' or 'रोष व्यक्त करना'. The verb 'karna' makes it an active expression of that feeling.

Incorrect: वह बहुत रोष है। (He is very indignation - makes no sense.)
Correct: वह बहुत रोष में है। (He is in a lot of fury/indignation.)

Hindi is rich with words for anger, each with a specific flavor. Knowing the alternatives to रोष करना (rosh karna) will allow you to choose the exact emotional intensity you need for your conversation or writing.

1. ग़ुस्सा करना (Gussa Karna): The most common, neutral word for 'to be angry'. It can be used for anything from a broken toy to a major argument. It lacks the 'righteous' or 'formal' nuance of 'rosh'.
2. क्रोध करना (Krodh Karna): Similar in register to 'rosh', but 'krodh' implies a more visceral, intense, and potentially destructive rage. 'Rosh' is more intellectualized indignation; 'Krodh' is the fire of anger.
3. नाराज़गी जताना (Narazgi Jatana): Meaning 'to show displeasure'. This is softer than 'rosh'. It's what you do when you are unhappy with a service or a friend's behavior, but you aren't necessarily 'furious'.

Comparison:
- उसने ग़ुस्सा किया (He got mad - common).
- उसने रोष किया (He showed indignation - formal/justified).
- वह क्रोधित हुआ (He became enraged - intense).

4. **कोप करना (Kop Karna):** This is an extremely high-register, almost archaic word, often used for the 'wrath of God' or the 'wrath of a king'. You will only see this in mythological texts or very old literature.

5. **खीझना (Khee jhna):** This means 'to be annoyed' or 'to be peevish'. It describes a low-level, nagging irritation rather than the grand fury of 'rosh'.

6. विरोध करना (Virodh Karna): Meaning 'to oppose' or 'to protest'. While 'rosh karna' describes the emotion, 'virodh karna' describes the action of opposing. They are often used together: 'लोगों ने रोष किया और नीति का विरोध किया' (People showed indignation and opposed the policy).

जब सत्य को दबाया जाता है, तो विद्वान रोष करते हैं। (When truth is suppressed, scholars show indignation.)

7. **आक्रोश (Aakrosh):** This is a noun often used in the same context as 'rosh'. It implies a more 'public outcry' or 'mass resentment'. You 'व्यक्त' (express) aakrosh more than you 'karna' it.

How Formal Is It?

Formal

"समिति ने इस प्रस्ताव पर गहरा रोष किया।"

Neutral

"लोगों ने बिजली की कटौती पर रोष किया।"

Informal

"अरे, इस बात पर इतना रोष क्यों कर रहे हो?"

Child friendly

"कहानी में राजा ने बुराई पर रोष किया।"

Slang

"None"

Fun Fact

The word 'rosh' is related to the root 'ruṣ' in Sanskrit, which means 'to be hurt' or 'to be annoyed'. This highlights that 'rosh' is not just about being mean, but about feeling a personal or moral hurt.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /roːʂ kər.nɑː/

US /roʊʃ kər.nɑː/

The primary stress is on the first syllable 'ro'. The 'karna' part is spoken with equal weight on both syllables.

Rhymes With

दोष (dosh - fault) होश (hosh - consciousness) जोश (josh - enthusiasm) कोश (kosh - dictionary/treasury) मोक्ष (moksh - salvation - slant rhyme) शोष (shosh - exploitation) पोष (posh - nourishment) आक्रोश (aakrosh - outcry)

Common Errors

Pronouncing 'sh' (श) as 's' (स). It should be 'rosh', not 'ros'.
Shortening the long 'o' sound.
Forgetting the retroflex nature of the 'sh' in formal speech.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 4/5

Found in newspapers and literature; requires understanding of formal vocabulary.

Writing 5/5

Requires correct use of the 'ne' particle and formal sentence structure.

Speaking 5/5

Hard to use naturally without sounding overly formal unless the context is right.

Listening 3/5

Easily recognizable once the 'sh' sound and context are known.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

ग़ुस्सा (Anger) करना (To do) अन्याय (Injustice) पर (On/At) व्यक्त (Express)

Learn Next

आक्रोश (Outcry) क्षोभ (Agitation) विरोध (Opposition) प्रतिक्रिया (Reaction) आंदोलन (Movement)

Advanced

धिक्कारना (To condemn) भर्त्सना करना (To criticize strongly) कुपित (Incensed) अमर्ष (Impatience/Indignation)

Grammar to Know

Compound Verbs with 'Karna'

Like 'kaam karna', 'rosh karna' follows the conjugation of 'karna'.

Ergative Subject with 'Ne'

In past tenses, transitive compound verbs require the 'ne' particle with the subject (e.g., 'Usne rosh kiya').

Postpositional Target

The target of the emotion is usually marked with 'par' (on/at).

Gender of Noun in Compound

'Rosh' is masculine, which affects adjective agreement like 'kada rosh' (not kadi).

Infinitive as Noun

'Rosh karna' can act as a noun phrase meaning 'the act of showing fury'.

Examples by Level

राजा ने बहुत रोष किया।

The king showed much fury.

Simple past tense with 'ne' particle.

वह रोष क्यों कर रहा है?

Why is he showing fury?

Present continuous question form.

झूठ पर रोष करना ठीक है।

It is okay to show fury at a lie.

Infinitive as a subject.

शिक्षक ने मुझ पर रोष किया।

The teacher showed indignation at me.

Use of 'par' (at/on) for the target of anger.

क्या आपने रोष किया?

Did you show fury?

Simple past interrogative.

बच्चे रोष नहीं करते।

Children do not show (this kind of formal) fury.

Negative present simple.

कहानी में शेर ने रोष किया।

In the story, the lion showed fury.

Narrative past tense.

सबने अन्याय पर रोष किया।

Everyone showed fury at the injustice.

Subject 'sabne' (everyone + ne).

ग़लत काम देख कर लोग रोष करेंगे।

Seeing wrong work, people will show fury.

Future tense with a conjunctive participle (dekh kar).

पिता ने बेटे की लापरवाही पर रोष किया।

The father showed indignation at the son's carelessness.

Possessive 'ki' and postposition 'par'.

मंत्री के व्यवहार पर जनता रोष कर रही थी।

The public was showing fury at the minister's behavior.

Past continuous tense.

हमें भ्रष्टाचार पर रोष करना चाहिए।

We should show indignation at corruption.

Use of 'chahiye' (should).

उसने बिना सोचे-समझे रोष किया।

He showed fury without thinking.

Adverbial phrase 'bina soche-samjhe'.

मालिक ने नौकर पर रोष क्यों किया?

Why did the master show indignation at the servant?

Past tense question with 'ne'.

अगर तुम सच नहीं बोलोगे, तो वे रोष करेंगे।

If you don't tell the truth, they will show fury.

Conditional sentence 'agar... toh'.

गाँव वालों ने ज़मीन छीनने पर रोष किया।

The villagers showed fury over the taking of their land.

Oblique plural 'waalon ne'.

विपक्षी दल ने सरकार की नई नीतियों पर कड़ा रोष किया।

The opposition party showed strong indignation at the government's new policies.

Use of adjective 'kada' (strong) to modify the action.

इतिहासकार ने तथ्यों के साथ छेड़छाड़ पर रोष किया है।

The historian has shown fury at the tampering with facts.

Present perfect tense.

जब उसे पता चला कि उसे धोखा दिया गया है, तो उसने रोष किया।

When he found out he was cheated, he showed indignation.

Complex sentence with 'jab... toh'.

महिलाओं ने सुरक्षा के अभाव पर रोष व्यक्त करने के लिए मार्च निकाला।

Women took out a march to express/show fury over the lack of safety.

Infinitive of purpose (karne ke liye).

अदालत के फैसले पर वकीलों ने रोष किया।

Lawyers showed indignation at the court's decision.

Plural subject with 'ne'.

वह शांतिप्रिय व्यक्ति है, वह कभी रोष नहीं करता।

He is a peace-loving person; he never shows fury.

Habitual present negative.

प्रबंधक ने कर्मचारियों की हड़ताल पर रोष किया।

The manager showed indignation at the employees' strike.

Subject-verb agreement in past tense.

क्या समाज को इस अन्याय पर रोष नहीं करना चाहिए?

Should society not show indignation at this injustice?

Interrogative-negative with 'chahiye'.

उनकी चुप्पी उनके रोष करने के तरीके को दर्शाती है।

Their silence reflects their way of showing indignation.

Gerundive use of 'rosh karne'.

भले ही उसने रोष किया, लेकिन उसकी आवाज़ में संयम था।

Even though he showed fury, there was restraint in his voice.

Concessive clause with 'bhale hi... lekin'.

लेखक ने अपनी पुस्तक के माध्यम से सामाजिक बुराइयों पर रोष किया है।

The author has shown indignation at social evils through his book.

Compound postposition 'ke maadhyam se'.

छात्रों ने परीक्षा परिणामों में धांधली पर रोष किया और दोबारा जांच की मांग की।

Students showed fury over the rigging in exam results and demanded a re-check.

Compound sentence with 'aur'.

वैज्ञानिकों ने पर्यावरण के प्रति सरकार की उदासीनता पर रोष किया।

Scientists showed indignation at the government's apathy toward the environment.

Abstract noun 'udaaseenta' (apathy).

अगर समय रहते रोष नहीं किया गया, तो स्थिति और बिगड़ जाएगी।

If indignation is not shown in time, the situation will worsen.

Passive-like construction in a conditional clause.

उसकी आँखों में जो रोष था, उसने सबको डरा दिया।

The fury that was in his eyes scared everyone.

Relative clause with 'jo'.

कलाकार ने अपनी पेंटिंग में युद्ध के प्रति रोष किया है।

The artist has shown indignation toward war in his painting.

Target indicated by 'ke prati'.

साहित्यिक जगत ने इस महान कवि के अपमान पर सामूहिक रूप से रोष किया।

The literary world collectively showed indignation at the insult to this great poet.

Adverbial phrase 'saamuuhik roop se'.

न्यायाधीश ने गवाह को डराने के प्रयास पर कड़ा रोष किया।

The judge showed strong indignation at the attempt to intimidate the witness.

Complex noun phrase 'darane ke prayaas'.

यह केवल एक व्यक्ति का गुस्सा नहीं, बल्कि पूरे समाज का रोष करना है।

This is not just one person's anger, but the showing of indignation by the whole society.

Contrastive construction 'keval... balki'.

बुद्धिजीवियों ने अभिव्यक्ति की स्वतंत्रता पर बढ़ते हमलों पर रोष किया।

Intellectuals showed indignation at the increasing attacks on freedom of expression.

Participial adjective 'badhte' (increasing).

बिना किसी ठोस प्रमाण के किसी पर रोष करना उसकी गरिमा को ठेस पहुँचाना है।

To show fury at someone without any solid evidence is to hurt their dignity.

Infinitive phrase as a complex subject.

संपादकीय लेख में आर्थिक विषमता पर गहरा रोष किया गया था।

Deep indignation was shown at economic inequality in the editorial article.

Passive voice 'kiya gaya tha'.

उन्होंने अपने भाषण में आतंकवाद की घिनौनी वारदातों पर रोष किया।

In his speech, he showed indignation at the heinous acts of terrorism.

Adjective 'ghinauni' (heinous) modifying 'waardaaton'.

जनता का रोष करना जायज़ था, क्योंकि उनकी समस्याओं को अनसुना किया गया था।

The public's showing of fury was justified because their problems were ignored.

Causal clause with 'kyonki'.

दार्शनिक ने तर्क दिया कि नैतिक रोष करना मानवीय चेतना का एक आवश्यक अंग है।

The philosopher argued that showing moral indignation is an essential part of human consciousness.

Subordinate 'ki' clause with abstract philosophical terms.

इतिहास गवाह है कि जब-जब शासकों ने प्रजा पर अत्याचार किया, तब-तब प्रजा ने रोष किया।

History is witness that whenever rulers oppressed the subjects, the subjects showed fury.

Correlative structure 'jab-jab... tab-tab'.

उसकी कविताओं में व्यवस्था के विरुद्ध जो रोष किया गया है, वह आज भी प्रासंगिक है।

The indignation shown against the system in his poems is relevant even today.

Passive relative clause.

राजनयिकों ने अंतरराष्ट्रीय संधियों के उल्लंघन पर कड़ा रोष व्यक्त किया।

Diplomats expressed/showed strong indignation at the violation of international treaties.

High-register vocabulary like 'ullanghan' (violation).

किसी की विवशता पर रोष करना संवेदनहीनता की पराकाष्ठा है।

To show fury at someone's helplessness is the pinnacle of insensitivity.

Abstract noun 'paraakashta' (pinnacle/height).

यद्यपि वह स्वभाव से शांत थे, तथापि अन्याय को देख उन्होंने रोष करने में संकोच नहीं किया।

Although he was calm by nature, yet seeing injustice, he did not hesitate to show fury.

Formal correlative 'yadyapi... tathapi'.

आलोचक ने फिल्म में हिंसा के महिमामंडन पर गहरा रोष किया।

The critic showed deep indignation at the glorification of violence in the film.

Sanskritized noun 'mahimaamandan' (glorification).

उनका रोष करना महज एक प्रतिक्रिया नहीं, बल्कि एक सुनियोजित वैचारिक विरोध था।

Their showing of fury was not just a reaction, but a well-planned ideological protest.

Adjective 'suniyojit' (well-planned).

Common Collocations

कड़ा रोष करना

भारी रोष करना

सार्वजनिक रोष

रोष की लहर

अन्याय पर रोष

नैतिक रोष

रोष जताना

गहरा रोष

रोष व्यक्त करना

रोष का पात्र

Common Phrases

रोष में आना

— To enter a state of fury or indignation.

अपमान सुनकर वह रोष में आ गया।

रोष से भर जाना

— To be filled with fury.

उसका हृदय रोष से भर गया।

रोष प्रकट करना

— To manifest or show one's indignation clearly.

उन्होंने लिखित रूप में अपना रोष प्रकट किया।

रोष की ज्वाला

— The fire of fury; used poetically.

उसके मन में रोष की ज्वाला धधक रही थी।

रोषपूर्ण भाषण

— A speech full of indignation.

नेता जी ने एक रोषपूर्ण भाषण दिया।

जन-रोष

— Public fury or mass indignation.

बढ़ती कीमतों के कारण जन-रोष बढ़ रहा है।

रोष का स्वर

— The tone of indignation.

उनकी बातों में रोष का स्वर साफ़ था।

रोष की अभिव्यक्ति

— The expression of fury.

यह विरोध रोष की एक अभिव्यक्ति है।

रोष शांत करना

— To calm someone's fury down.

मुश्किल से उनका रोष शांत किया गया।

रोष का कारण

— The reason for the fury.

रोष का असली कारण क्या है?

Often Confused With

रोष करना vs दोष करना (Dosh karna)

This means 'to commit a fault' or 'to blame'. It sounds similar to 'rosh' but has a completely different meaning.

रोष करना vs होश करना (Hosh karna)

This means 'to regain consciousness' or 'to come to one's senses'. Only the first letter is different.

रोष करना vs जोश करना (Josh karna)

This means 'to show enthusiasm' or 'to be excited'. It's a positive emotion, unlike 'rosh'.

Idioms & Expressions

"रोष की अग्नि में जलना"

— To burn in the fire of fury; to be consumed by indignation.

वह वर्षों तक रोष की अग्नि में जलता रहा।

Literary

"आँखों में रोष उतर आना"

— For fury to appear in one's eyes.

उसकी आँखों में रोष उतर आया था।

Descriptive

"रोष का घूँट पीना"

— To swallow one's fury; to suppress indignation.

मजबूरी में उसे रोष का घूँट पीना पड़ा।

Poetic

"रोष दिखाना"

— To show fury (similar to rosh karna but more direct).

उसने अपना असली रोष दिखाया।

Neutral

"रोष की सीमा न रहना"

— To have no limit to one's fury.

उसका अपमान देखकर मेरे रोष की सीमा न रही।

Emphatic

"रोष के मारे"

— Out of fury; because of indignation.

रोष के मारे वह बोल न सका।

Neutral

"रोष भड़काना"

— To incite or inflame fury.

झूठी खबरों ने लोगों का रोष भड़का दिया।

Journalistic

"रोष की लहर दौड़ना"

— A wave of fury spreading through a group.

घटना की खबर सुनते ही रोष की लहर दौड़ गई।

Journalistic

"रोष में आपा खोना"

— To lose one's self-control in fury.

रोष में उसने अपना आपा खो दिया।

Neutral

"रोष की बलि चढ़ना"

— To fall victim to someone's fury.

निर्दोष लोग अक्सर रोष की बलि चढ़ जाते हैं।

Literary

Easily Confused

रोष करना vs ग़ुस्सा (Gussa)

Both mean anger.

Gussa is common and informal; Rosh is formal and implies indignation/righteousness.

मुझे ग़ुस्सा आया (I got mad). उसने अन्याय पर रोष किया (He showed indignation at injustice).

रोष करना vs क्रोध (Krodh)

Both are high-register words for anger.

Krodh is raw rage; Rosh is intellectualized indignation.

उसका क्रोध भयानक था। उसका रोष जायज़ था।

रोष करना vs नाराज़गी (Narazgi)

Both involve being unhappy with someone.

Narazgi is simple displeasure; Rosh is strong fury.

मेरी नाराज़गी समझो। मेरा रोष देखो।

रोष करना vs आक्रोश (Aakrosh)

Both are used in news for public anger.

Aakrosh is often used for a 'mass outcry'; Rosh can be individual or collective.

जनता का आक्रोश फूट पड़ा। उसने निजी तौर पर रोष किया।

रोष करना vs क्षोभ (Kshobh)

Both are formal words for negative emotions.

Kshobh is more about agitation and grief; Rosh is purely about fury.

मृत्यु पर क्षोभ हुआ। धोखे पर रोष हुआ।

Sentence Patterns

[Subject] ने रोष किया।

उसने रोष किया।

[Subject] ने [Object] पर रोष किया।

पिता ने बेटे पर रोष किया।

[Subject] [Reason] के कारण रोष कर रहे हैं।

लोग महंगाई के कारण रोष कर रहे हैं।

भले ही [Clause], लेकिन [Subject] ने रोष किया।

भले ही वह चुप था, लेकिन उसने मन ही मन रोष किया।

[Subject] का [Object] पर रोष करना [Adjective] है।

जनता का भ्रष्टाचार पर रोष करना स्वाभाविक है।

[Clause] के बावजूद, [Subject] ने रोष व्यक्त करने में संकोच नहीं किया।

धमकियों के बावजूद, पत्रकार ने रोष व्यक्त करने में संकोच नहीं किया।

[Subject] को [Object] पर रोष नहीं करना चाहिए।

तुम्हें छोटी बातों पर रोष नहीं करना चाहिए।

[Subject] ने [Adverb] रोष प्रकट किया।

उन्होंने कड़े शब्दों में रोष प्रकट किया।

Word Family

Nouns

Verbs

Adjectives

How to Use It

frequency

Common in formal media and literature; rare in daily casual conversation.

Common Mistakes

Using 'rosh' for small things. → Using 'gussa' or 'chidh'.
Saying 'I showed rosh because I missed the bus' sounds silly. Use it for big things like 'I showed rosh because of the unfair law'.
वह रोष किया। (Wah rosh kiya.) → उसने रोष किया। (Usne rosh kiya.)
In the past tense, 'karna' is transitive, so the subject must take the 'ne' particle. 'Wah' becomes 'Usne'.
मुझसे रोष मत करो। (Mujhse rosh mat karo.) → मुझ पर रोष मत करो। (Mujh par rosh mat karo.)
The target of 'rosh' is always marked with 'par', not 'se'.
मुझे बहुत रोष है। (Mujhe bahut rosh hai.) → मैं बहुत रोष में हूँ। (Main bahut rosh mein hoon.)
While 'mujhe rosh hai' is understandable, 'rosh mein hona' or 'rosh karna' are more natural idiomatic expressions.
बड़ी रोष। (Badi rosh.) → बड़ा रोष। (Bada rosh.)
Since 'rosh' is a masculine noun, adjectives must be masculine. 'Badi' is feminine; 'Bada' is masculine.

Tips

When in Doubt, Use Gussa

If you are not sure if the situation is 'formal' enough for 'rosh', stick with 'gussa'. It is never wrong, whereas 'rosh' can sound out of place in casual settings.

The 'Par' Rule

Always remember that the person or thing you are angry at takes the postposition 'पर' (par). Example: 'Bhrashtachar PAR rosh' (Indignation ON corruption).

Pair with 'Vyakt'

In writing, 'रोष व्यक्त करना' (to express indignation) often sounds even more professional than 'रोष करना'. Try using it in your essays.

Respect the Weight

Recognize that 'rosh' is a heavy word. Using it shows you understand the gravity of a situation, which can be very effective in formal Hindi communication.

Clear 'Sh'

Practice the 'sh' sound. It’s like the 'sh' in 'show'. A crisp 'sh' at the end of 'rosh' makes the word sound powerful and correct.

News Headlines

Scan Hindi news apps for the word 'रोष'. It appears almost daily in headlines about protests or political statements. This is the best way to see it in action.

Adjective Agreement

Since 'rosh' is masculine, always use masculine adjectives. Use 'bhari rosh' (heavy fury) or 'kada rosh' (strong fury).

Collective Anger

Think of 'rosh' as the word for 'the people's anger'. It is very effective when describing groups, crowds, or organizations.

Righteous Rosh

Memorize the phrase 'Righteous Rosh'. The alliteration will help you remember that this word is for 'fair' or 'justified' anger.

Poetic Flair

If you are writing a story, use 'rosh' to give your protagonist a sense of noble character. It makes their anger seem like a heroic trait.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of the English word 'RUSH'. When you feel 'ROSH', your blood 'RUSHES' to your face because you are so indignant about an injustice.

Visual Association

Imagine a judge in a red robe (Rosh/Red) slamming a gavel down because a criminal was set free. That feeling of the judge is 'rosh karna'.

Word Web

Justice Fury Indignation Formal Righteous Sanskrit News Literature

Challenge

Try to find one news headline today in a Hindi newspaper that uses the word 'रोष' and write it down in your journal.

Word Origin

Derived from the Sanskrit word 'रोष' (roṣa), which means 'anger', 'fury', or 'wrath'. It is part of the 'tatsama' vocabulary of Hindi, which are words borrowed directly from Sanskrit without phonetic changes.

Original meaning: In Sanskrit, 'roṣa' specifically referred to the emotional state of anger or resentment, often in the context of a warrior's spirit or a sage's curse.

Indo-Aryan -> Sanskrit -> Hindi.

Cultural Context

While 'rosh' is a formal word, using it to describe someone's reaction can sometimes imply that you agree their anger is justified. Be careful using it if you want to remain strictly neutral.

English speakers often translate all types of anger as 'angry'. To capture 'rosh karna', one should use 'to be indignant' or 'to take umbrage'.

Used frequently in the 'Ramcharitmanas' by Tulsidas to describe the anger of Lord Rama or Lakshmana against injustice. Commonly found in the poetry of Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar', known for his 'Veer Ras' (heroic sentiment) poetry. A standard term in the Indian Penal Code translations and legal debates in Hindi.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Political Protest

सरकार के खिलाफ रोष
सड़कों पर रोष करना
नारे लगाकर रोष करना
नीति पर कड़ा रोष

Literary Criticism

लेखक का रोष
पात्र ने रोष किया
कविता में छिपा रोष
व्यवस्था पर रोष

Legal/Formal Disputes

अदालत में रोष करना
फैसले पर रोष
लिखित रोष जताना
अन्यायपूर्ण व्यवहार पर रोष

Historical Narratives

योद्धा का रोष
अपमान पर रोष करना
राजदरबार में रोष
भीषण रोष

Social Media Trends

ट्विटर पर रोष
यूजर्स ने रोष किया
वायरल वीडियो पर रोष
ऑनलाइन रोष जताना

Conversation Starters

"क्या आपको लगता है कि इस फिल्म पर लोगों का रोष करना सही है? (Do you think people's indignation at this film is right?)"

"अखबार में लिखा है कि किसानों ने नई नीति पर भारी रोष किया है। (It's written in the newspaper that farmers have shown heavy indignation at the new policy.)"

"जब समाज में अन्याय होता है, तो आप रोष कैसे व्यक्त करते हैं? (When there is injustice in society, how do you express indignation?)"

"क्या आपने कभी किसी सरकारी दफ्तर में रोष किया है? (Have you ever shown indignation in a government office?)"

"इस कहानी के नायक ने अपने पिता के फैसले पर रोष क्यों किया? (Why did the hero of this story show indignation at his father's decision?)"

Journal Prompts

किसी ऐसी घटना के बारे में लिखें जब आपने किसी अन्याय पर गहरा रोष किया हो। (Write about an incident when you showed deep indignation at an injustice.)

क्या 'रोष करना' समाज में बदलाव लाने के लिए ज़रूरी है? अपने विचार विस्तार से लिखें। (Is 'showing indignation' necessary for bringing change in society? Write your thoughts in detail.)

आज की मुख्य खबरों का विश्लेषण करें और देखें कि कहाँ-कहाँ 'रोष' शब्द का प्रयोग हुआ है। (Analyze today's main news and see where the word 'rosh' has been used.)

एक लघु कथा लिखें जिसका शीर्षक हो 'एक विद्वान का रोष'। (Write a short story titled 'The Indignation of a Scholar'.)

ग़ुस्सा करने और रोष करने के बीच के अंतर को अपने शब्दों में स्पष्ट करें। (Explain the difference between getting angry and showing indignation in your own words.)

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

It is not recommended unless you are joking or being very dramatic. It sounds too formal for casual settings. Use 'gussa karna' or 'naraz hona' instead. For example, if a friend is late, 'rosh karna' would sound like you are a king in a play.

'Rosh karna' is the act of showing the fury, while 'rosh vyakt karna' is specifically 'expressing' it, often through words or formal protests. They are very similar, but 'vyakt karna' is slightly more common in journalism. For instance, 'The leader expressed (vyakt kiya) his indignation.'

Usually, yes. In Hindi, 'rosh' carries an undertone of being 'wronged'. If you are angry just because you are tired, 'rosh' is the wrong word. It implies there is a moral or social reason for the anger. It is the anger of a person who has a point to make.

'Rosh' is a masculine noun. This is important when using adjectives with it. You would say 'Mera rosh' (My fury) or 'Kada rosh' (Strong fury). In the compound verb 'rosh karna', the 'karna' conjugates based on the subject and tense, but 'rosh' remains the masculine anchor.

You would say 'Main rosh mein hoon' (I am in fury) or 'Maine rosh kiya' (I showed fury). However, remember that 'rosh' is not a simple state of being; it's a heavy emotion. It's more like saying 'I am experiencing a state of indignation.'

Yes, but mostly in historical, political, or intense drama movies. You won't hear it much in romantic comedies. In a movie like 'Singham' or a political thriller, characters might use 'rosh' to describe the public's anger against corruption.

Only in fables or personified literature (like 'Panchatantra'). In real life, you wouldn't say a dog is 'rosh kar raha hai'; you'd say it's 'gussa' or 'agressive'. 'Rosh' requires a level of human moral consciousness.

There isn't one perfect word, but 'shanti' (peace), 'kshama' (forgiveness), or 'santosh' (satisfaction) are the conceptual opposites. If 'rosh' is the fire of indignation, 'shanti' is the water that puts it out.

Yes, because it is a Sanskrit word, you will find versions of 'rosh' in Marathi, Bengali, Gujarati, and even some South Indian languages, although the usage and frequency might vary. In Bengali, for example, 'rosh' is also very common.

The 'sh' (श) distinguishes it from 'ros' (which isn't a common word) and gives it its formal, 'tatsama' quality. Proper pronunciation is key to maintaining the high register of the word. Mixing it with 's' can make the speaker sound less proficient in standard Hindi.